JEE Main Syllabus

JEE Advance Syllabus

 SOLID STATE

EXERCISE-1 (Subjective Questions)

r ts
r ts
Edge length and radius calculation of elements
eface-centred cubic lattice and the edge yofEthexunit cell ispe
Q.1 Xenon crystallises in the
x p ratom?
620 pm. What is the E
y i s t
tr cubic lattice structure. The edge length of theem
nearest neighbour distance and what is the radius of xenon

i scentered h
Q.2

h e
What m
Iron has body
is the radius of an iron atom?
C
unit cell is found to be 286 pm.

Q.3 CA closed packed structure of uniform spheres has the edge length of 534 pm. Calculate the radius of
sphere, if it exist in
(a) simple cubic lattice
t
(b) BCC lattice
s calculation of elements
(c) FCC lattice
r t s
er p e
xp from the fact that it has face centered cubic structure xwith two atoms
Density
Q.4 Calculate the density of diamond
per lattice point andE
y r y E
r unit cell edge length of 3.569 Å.
t into a structure which may be described by am
scrystallizes is t
Q.5
m
An elementi e cubic type of unit cell having one
e
hcell is 24×10 cm and density of element is 7.2 g cm C
atom h
on each corner of the cube and two atoms on one of its body diagonals. If the volume of this unit
C 200 g of element. –24 3 –3
, calculate the number of atoms present in

Q.6 Gold crystallizes in a face centered cubic lattice. If the length of the edge of the unit cell is 407 pm,

r ts ts
calculate the density of gold as well as its atomic radius assuming it to be spherical. Atomic mass of
e r
xp pe
gold = 197 amu.

Q.7
r y E E x
An element crystallizes in a structure having FCC unit cell of an edge 200 pm. Calculate the density, if

i st
200 g of this element contains 24×1023 atoms.
t r y
e meffective radius of the iron atom is 1.42 Å. It has FCC m
is
Ch(Fe = 56 amu) e
Q.8 The structure. Calculate its density

C h
Q.9 Iron occurs as bcc as well as fcc unit cell. If the effective radius of an atom of iron is 124 pm. Compute
the density of iron in both these structures.

Q.10
r ts
An element A (Atomic weight = 100) having bcc structure has unit cell edge length 400 pm. Calculate the

p e
density of A and number of unit cells and number of atoms in 10 gm of A.

E x
radius of 144 pm and the density of silver is 10.6 g cm . To which typerofts
r y
Q.11 Silver has an atomic
crystal, silvertbelongs?
–3

p e cubic

i s E x
e m Formula of compound from unit cell description ry
t
Q.12 h s
A cubic solid is made up of two elements A and B. Atoms B are at the icorners
C body centre. What is the formula of compound. em
of the cube and A at the

h
Clattice in which gold occupy that lattice point
Q.13 A compound alloy of gold and copper crystallizes in a cubic
at corners of the cube and copper atom occupy the centres of each of the cube faces. What is the
formula of this compound. Page # 1
 SOLID STATE
Q.14 A cubic solid is made by atoms A forming close pack arrangement, B occupying one fourth of tetrahedral
void and C occupying half of the octahedral voids. What is the formula of compound.
r ts
r ts in rutile, a mineral that contain Titanium and oxygen, p e
e array of oxide ions, with titanium in one half ofx
Q.15 What is the percent by mass of titanium if structure

x
can be described as a closest p packed
r y E the octahedral

y E
holes. What is the oxidation number of titanium?
i s t
i s tr class of oxides consisting of two types of metal
Q.16 Spinel is an important
e m ions with the oxide ions arranged

e
in CCPm C
pattern. The normal spinel has one-eight of the tetrahedral hof metal
holes occupied by one type of metal
h
CZn , Al and O , with Zn in the tetrahedral holes. Give the formulae of spinel.
ion and
2+
one half
3+
of the octahedral
2–
hole
2+
occupied by another type ion. Such a spinel is formed by

Q.17 In a cubic closed packed structure of mixed oxides the lattice is made up of oxide ions, one eighth of

s ts
tetrahedral voids are occupied by divalent ions (A2+) while one half of the octahedral voids occupied
t r
r pe
trivalent ions (B3+). What is the formula of the oxide?
p e x
x y E
Crystal structure of ionic compound [Radius ratio, Edge length & density calculations]
E
Q.18
r y t r
KF crystallizes in the NaCl type structure. If the radius of K+ ions 132 pm and that of F– ion is 135 pm,
s
i st i
what is the shortest K–F distance? What is the edge length of the unit cell? What is the closet K–K
m
Q.19 h
e m
distance?
h e
C Unit cell edge length of CsCl arrangement is 400 pm. CalculateCthe interionic distance in CsCl.
Q.20 A crystal of lead(II) sulphide has NaCl structure. In this crystal the shortest distance between Pb+2 ion
and S2– ion is 297 pm. What is the length of the edge of the unit cell in lead sulphide? Also calculate the
unit cell volume.
r ts ts
corners and Cs ions atx
p e
Q.21 If the length of the body diagonal –
e
for CsCl which crystallises into a cubic structure with Cl ions rat the

y E + +
x p
the centre of the unit cells is 7 Å and the radius of the Cs ion is 1.69 Å, what is

t r
the radii of Cl ion? –

r y E
m ischloride structure Cesium and chloride ions are in contact alongithestbody diagonal of the unit
e Theof length
Q.22 In Cesium
of the side of the unit cell is 412 pm and Cl ion hasm
hcell. –
e a radius of 181 pm. Calculate the
C Ch
radius Cs +
ion.

Q.23 A solid A+ and B– had NaCl type closed packed structure. If the anion has a radius of 250 pm, what
should be the ideal radius of the cation? Can a cation C+ having a radius of 180 pm be slipped into the
tetrahedral site of the crystal of A+B– ? Give reasons for your answer.

r ts
pe
Q.24 If the radius of Mg2+ ion, Cs+ ion, O2– ion, S2– ion and Cl– ion are 0.65 Å , 1.69 Å, 1.40 Å, 1.84 Å, and

and CsCl.
E x r ts
1.81 Å respectively. Calculate the co-ordination numbers of the cations in the crystals of MgS, MgO

t r y p e
m is
Q.25 Prove that the void space percentage in zinc blende structure is 25%.

y E x
h e :
[Assume
rZn 2
]  0.225
i s tr
C rS2 
e m
cm . 3
C h
Q.26 KF has NaCl type structure. What is the distance between K and + –
F in KF if density of KF is 2.48 gm/

Q.27 Rbl crystallizes in cubic structure in which each Rb+ is surrounded by eight iodide ions each of radius
2.17 Å. Find the length of one side of RbI unit cell. Page # 2
 SOLID STATE
Q.28 + –
The two ions A and B have radii 88 and 200 pm respectively. In the closed packed crystal of compound
AB, predict the co-ordination number of A+.
r ts
Q.29 The density of KBr is 2.75 g cm r. The t s length of the edge of the unit cell is 654 pm. ShowxpthateKBr has
p e –3

y E
x
face centered cubic structure.
E t r
y i s
str
(N = 6.023 ×10 mol 23 –1
, At. mass : K = 39, Br = 80)

i h e m
Q.30 KCle
h m
crystallizes
C
in the same type of lattice as does NaCl. Given that
r 
Na 0.5
and
r 
Na 0.7
Calculate:
C(a) The ratio of the sides of unit cell for KCl to that for NaCl and
rCl  rK 

(b) The ratio of densities of NaCl to that for KCl.

Q.31
ts r t
A unit cell of sodium chloride has four formula units. The edge of length of the unit cell is 0.564 nm.s
er
What is the density of sodium chloride.

x p x pe
y E r yE
In a cubic crystal of CsCl (density = 3.97 gm/cm3) the eight corners are occupied by Cl– ions with Cs+
t
Q.32

st r i s
ions at the centre. Calculate the distance between the neighbouring Cs+ and Cl– ions.
i
e m AB crystallizes in rock salt structure. The ionic e
h m +

Ch100 pm respectively and if atomic masses of A and B areC200 & 120 respectively then calculate the
Q.33 A compound radius of A and B¯ are 60 pm and

x
value of x if density of the crystal = gm/cm3.
3. 2

r ts ts
Q.34
e
Calculate the value of Avogadro’s number from the following data:
r
E xp
Density of NaCl = 2.165 gm cm–3
Distance between Na+ and Cl– in NaCl = 281 pm.
x pe
try y E
Q.35 The m
i s Defect in solid crystals
i tr
siron is present in the form of
h e e
0.93 1.0
m
composition of a sample of iron oxide is Fe O . What percentage of

C Chof cation vacancies?

Fe(III)?

–3
Q.36 If NaCl is doped with 10 mol % SrCl , what is the numbers
2

Q.37 A metal 'M' having atomic mass 31.25 crystallizes in cubic close packing and it shows "Schottky defects".

s
If the edge length of the cubic lattice is 500 pm and density of the metal is 1.6075 gm/ml then calculate

r t
number of moles of metal atom 'M' missing per litre of the crystal.
Given : 1amu = 1.67 × 10–24 gm
x pe t s
r y E e r
p
Q.38 Calculate the average total number of ions in sphalerite structure per unit cell if there is a Shottky defect

is
of (1) anion per t unit cell.
x
e m r E
ydensity if
h
Q.39 Calcium
s t
crystallises in face-centred cubic unit cell with a = 0.556 nm. Calculate
C (i)(ii)ititcontained i
em
0.1 % Frenkel defect.
contained 0.1 % Schottky defect.
C h
Q.40 AgCl has the same structure as that of NaCl. The edge length of unit cell of AgCl is found to be 555 pm
and the density of AgCl is 5.561 g cm–3. Find the percentage of sites that are unoccupied.
Page # 3
 SOLID STATE

EXERCISE-2 (Objective Questions)

r ts
Q.1
er ts
[SINGLE CORRECT CHOICE TYPE]
x pe
A solid has a structure in which W atoms are located at the corners of a cubic lattice, O atom at the
p E
x try
centre of the edges and Na atom at centre of the cubic. The formula for the compound is
E s
try i
(A) NaWO2 (B) NaWO3 (C) Na2WO3 (D) NaWO4

i sof CaF (fluorite structure) is 3.18 g/cm . The lengthhofethemside of the unit cell is
m
Q.2 The density 3

e C
2

h
(A) 253 pm (B) 344 pm (C) 546 pm (D) 273 pm

Q.3 CWhich of the following statements is correct in the rock-salt structure of an ionic compounds?
(A) coordination number of cation is four whereas that of anion is six.
(B) coordination number of cation is six whereas that of anion is four.
ts r ts
r pe
(C) coordination number of each cation and anion is four.

p e
(D) coordination number of each cation and anion is six.
x
x E
Q.4
y E try
The coordination number of cation and anion in Fluorite CaF2 and CsCl are respectively

str i s
i
(A) 8:4 and 6:3 (B) 6:3 and 4:4 (C) 8:4 and 8:8 (D) 4:2 and 2:4

Q.5
he
The m
interstitial hole is called tetrahedral because
hem
C (A) It is formed by four spheres.
(B) Partly same and partly different.
C
(C) It is formed by four spheres the centres of which form a regular tetrahedron.
(D) None of the above three.

r ts ts
e r
xp pe
Q.6 The tetrahedral voids formed by ccp arrangement of Cl– ions in rock salt structure are
(A) Occupied by Na+ ions (B) Occupied by Cl– ions

r y E
(C) Occupied by either Na+ or Cl– ions (D) Vacant
E x
i stof nearest neighbours around each particle in a face-centredicubic
tr y is
Q.7
4m
The number
e s lattice

h
(A) (B) 6 (C) 8
e m (D) 12
C If the anions (A) form hexagonal closest packing and cationsC(C)hoccupy only 2/3 octahedral voids in it,
Q.8
then the general formula of the compound is
(A) CA (B) CA2 (C) C2A3 (D) C3A2

Q.9
ts
A solid is formed and it has three types of atoms X, Y, Z. X forms a FCC lattice with Y atoms occupying
r
pe
all the tetrahedral voids and Z atoms occupying half the octahedral voids. The formula of the solid is:
(A) X2Y4Z
E x (B) XY2Z4 (C) X4Y2Z (D) X4YZ2
r ts
tr ycompound LiAg crystallizes in cubic lattice in which both lithium andpesilver have
s number of eight. The crystal class is
Q.10 The intermetallic
i E x
h m
coordination
e
(A) Simple cubic (B) End centred cubic
tr y
C (C) Face centred cubic
i s
(D) Hexagonal closed pack
m
celleedge length of 480 pm. If the radius of
Q.11 A compound XY crystallizes in simple cubic lattice with unith
–
Y is 225 pm, then the radius of X is
(A) 127.5 pm
+

(B) 190.68 pm
C
(C) 225 pm (D) 255 pm
Page # 4
 SOLID STATE
Q.12 The mass of a unit cell of CsCl corresponds to
(A) 1 Cs+ and 1 Cl– (B) 1 Cs+ and 6 Cl– (C) 4 Cs+ and 4 Cl– (D) 8 Cs+ and 1 Cl–
r ts
er ts x pe
Q.13
p E
In the closest packing of atoms A (radius : ra), the radius of atom B that can be fitted
x try
into tetrahedral voids is
E s
try i
(A) 0.155 ra (B) 0.225 ra (C) 0.414 ra (D) 0.732 ra

Q.14 Which oneiof mof equal sized spheres do not

sthe following schemes of ordering closed packedhesheets
h e m
generate close packed lattice. C (D) ABCBCABCBC
C (A) ABCABC (B) ABACABAC (C) ABBAABBA

Q.15 An ionic compound AB has ZnS type structure. If the radius A+ is 22.5 pm, then the ideal radius of B–
would be
ts r ts
r pe
(A) 54.35 pm (B) 100 pm (C) 145.16 pm (D) none of these

p e x
Q.16
x y E
NH4Cl crystallizes in a simple cubic type lattice with a unit cell edge length of 387 pm. The distance
E
r y
between the oppositively charged ions in the lattice is
t i s tr
i s
(A) 335.1 pm (B) 83.77 pm (C) 274.46 pm (D) 137.23 pm
mtetrahedral voids. If edge length
e m
Q.17 In diamond,
h h e
carbon atom occupy FCC lattice points as well as alternate

C (A) 77.07 pm
of the unit cell is 356 pm, then radius of carbon atom is
(B) 154.14 pm
C (D) 89 pm
(C) 251.7 pm

Q.18 Which of the following will show schottky defect

(A) CaF2 (B) ZnS
r t s (C) AgCl (D) CsCl
t s
e
ofpcopper lattice without disturbing it.
Q.19 Copper metal crystallizes in FCC
e r
x
lattice. Edge length of unit cell is 362 pm. The radius of largest atom

E (B) 45 pm
that can fit into the voids
y (D) 60 pm x
p
(A) 53 pm
tr (C) 93 pm
r y E
m iscell, what fraction of edge is not covered by atoms? ist
h e0.134
Q.20 In FCC unit
(A) (B) 0.24 (C) 0.293
e m (D) None of these
C Ch then the number of atoms of Na and
Q.21 Na and Mg crystallize in BCC and FCC type crystals respectively.
Mg present in the unit cell of their respective crystal is
(A) 4 and 2 (B) 9 and 14 (C) 14 and 9 (D) 2 and 4

r ts
pe
Q.22 How many unit cells are present in a cube- shaped ideal crystal of NaCl of mass 1.00 g

E x
[Atomic masses: Na = 23. Cl = 35.5]
r ts
tr y
(A) 2.57 × 1021 unit cells (B) 5.14 × 1021 unit cells
pe
is x
(C) 1.28 × 1021 unit cells (D) 1.71 × 1021 unit cells
Q.23
em ryE
In a solid “AB” having NaCl structure “A” atoms occupy the corners of the cubic unit cell. If all the

C h i s t
face-centred atoms along one of the axes are removed, then the resultant stoichiometry of the solid is
(A) AB2 (B) A2B (C) A4B3

h e m (D) A3B4

Q.24
(A) 12 (B) 4 (C) 8 C
The coordination number of a metal crystallising in a hcp structure is
(D) 6

Page # 5
 SOLID STATE
Q.25 A substance AxBy crystallises in a FCC lattice in which atoms “A” occupy each corner of the cube and atoms

r ts
“B” occupy the centres of each face of the cube. Identify the correct composition of the substance AxBy.
(A) AB3
(C) A3B
e r t s (B) A4B3
x
(D) composition cannot be specified pe
p
x[REASONING TYPE] try E
Q.26 Statement-1 : r
E
yis more likely to show schottky defect, while LiImis more
i s likely to show Frenkel
i t
s defect.
KCl
e
m : Schottky defect is more likely in ionic solids inh
h e
Statement-2
Clikely is which cations and anions have
which cations and anions are of

C comparable size while Frenkel defect is more

large differences in their ionic sizes.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1

ts r ts
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.

r pe
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.

p e x
x
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.

E temperature increases the density of point defectstry E

y
Q.27 Statement-1 :rIncreasing
is and has S > 0.
i st: The process of formation of point defects in solids inmendothermic
h(A) m
Statement-2
e Statement-1
h e
is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1
C (B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 isC
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.

(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.

r ts ts
e
Q.28 Statement-1 : Distance between nearest lattice points in BCC is greater than the same in FCC having
r
E xp
same edge length .
x pe
y
Statement-2 : FCC has greater packing efficiency than BCC.
r yE
i st tr
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1

i s
em
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
m
Ch e
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
Ch
[MULTIPLE CORRECT CHOICE TYPE]

Q.29
s
Which of the following statements is/are correct :
r t
pe
(A) The coordination number of each type of ion in CsCl is 8.
(B)A metal that crystallises in BCC structure has a coordination number 12.

E x
(C) A unit cell of an ionic crystal shares some of its ions with other unit cells
r ts
tr y
(D) The length of the unit cell in NaCl is 552 pm.
pe
m is
[ rNa = 95 pm ; rCl  = 181 pm ]
y E x
h e
Q.30 Which
In an anti-fluorite structure anions form FCC lattice and cationsis
of the following statements is/are correct : tr
C (A) e m occupy all tetrahedral voids.
(B)
crystal is 4.
C h
If the radius of cations and anions are 0.2 Å and 0.95 Å then coordinate number of cation in the
s
(C) An atom/ion is transferred from a lattice site to an interstitial position in Frenkel defect.
(D) Density of crystal always increases due to substitutional impurity defect.
Page # 6
 SOLID STATE
[MATCH THE COLUMN]
Q.31 Match the column:
r ts
Column I
er ts Column II
x pe
p E
x try
(A) Rock salt structure (P) Co-ordination number of cation is 4

E s
i s try 3a
emi
m Ch
(B) Zinc Blend structure (Q) = r+ + r–
e 4

Ch (C) Flourite structure (R) Co-ordination number of cation and anion

are same

s ats
er t (S) r
pe 2
Distance between two nearest anion is
x p E x
stryE
i s try
mi em
e h
Ch C

r ts ts
e r
E xp x pe
ry yE
i st i s tr
em m
Ch Ch
e

r ts
xpe ts
yE r
is tr x pe
em ryE
C h i s t
hem
C
Page # 7
 SOLID STATE

r ts
er ts EXERCISE-1
x pe
438.5 pm, 219.25 pm xp yE
Q.1
E
y188.8 pm
Q.2 123.84 pm
i s tr
Q.3
tr
267 pm, 231.2 pm,
3.472 × 10isatoms
Q.4 3.5 g cm
19.4g/cme,m
–3

m gh
Q.5 24 Q.6 3
143.9 pm
Q.7
h e
41.67 g cm –3

Q.9 C7.887 g/cc , 8.59 gm/cm

3
Q.8 C
5.74 cm –3

3 22 22
Q.10 5.188 gm/cm , 6.023×10 atoms of A, 3.0115×10 unit cells
Q.11 FCC

ts
Q.12 A-B
r ts
r pe
Q.13 AuCu3 Q.14 A4B2C2

p e x
x
Q.15 59.95%, +4 Q.16 ZnAl2O4
E
yE try
Q.17 AB2O4 Q.18 267 pm, 534 pm, 378 pm
Q.19
str
346.4 pm
i
Q.20
i s
a =5.94×10–8cm, V=2.096×10–22 cm3
Q.21

hem1.81Å Q.22
em
175.8 pm
h
Q.23
C
Q.27
103.4 pm, No
4.34 Å
Q.24
Q.28
4, 6, 8
6
C
Q.26 2.685 Å
Q.30 (a) 1.143, (b) 1.172
Q.31 2.16 gm/cm3 Q.32 3.57 Å Q.33 200

s
Q.34 6.05×1023 Q.35 15.053 Q.36 6.02 × 1018 mol–1
Q.37 2
er t
Q.38 6
ts
Q.39 (i) 1.5455 g/cm3 (ii) 1.5440 g/cm3
Q.40 0.24%
xp EXERCISE-2 per
ryE E x
i s t try
B m
e i s C
Q.1
Q.5 h
Q.2 C Q.3 D

hemQ.4

C
Q.9
C
A
Q.6
Q.10
D
A
Q.7
Q.11
D
BC
Q.8
Q.12 A
C

Q.13 B Q.14 C Q.15 B Q.16 A

Q.17 A Q.18 D Q.19 A Q.20 C
Q.21 D
r ts
Q.22 A Q.23 D Q.24 A

pe
Q.25 A Q.26 A Q.27 A Q.28 A
Q.29 ACD
E x Q.30 A, C Q.31 (A) R,S (B) P,Q,R,S (C) Q
r ts
tr y pe
mis yE x
he i s tr
C em
C h
Page # 8
 Intensive Revision Program
of
Physical Chemistry

By : Brijesh Jindal Sir

Solid and surface.pmd 1 12/27/2019, 1:12 PM

 SOLID STATE

Q.1 A solid has a structure in which W atoms are located at the corners of a cubic lattice, O atom at the
centre of the edges and Na atom at centre of the cubic. The formula for the compound is
(A) NaWO2 (B) NaWO3 (C) Na2WO3 (D) NaWO4

Q.2 The density of CaF2 (fluorite structure) is 3.18 g/cm3. The length of the side of the unit cell is
(A) 253 pm (B) 344 pm (C) 546 pm (D) 273 pm

Q.3 Which of the following statements is correct in the rock-salt structure of an ionic compounds?
(A) coordination number of cation is four whereas that of anion is six.
(B) coordination number of cation is six whereas that of anion is four.
(C) coordination number of each cation and anion is four.
(D) coordination number of each cation and anion is six.

Q.4 The coordination number of cation and anion in Fluorite CaF2 and CsCl are respectively
(A) 8:4 and 6:3 (B) 6:3 and 4:4 (C) 8:4 and 8:8 (D) 4:2 and 2:4

Q.5 The interstitial hole is called tetrahedral because

(A) It is formed by four spheres.
(B) Partly same and partly different.
(C) It is formed by four spheres the centres of which form a regular tetrahedron.
(D) None of the above three.

Q.6 The tetrahedral voids formed by ccp arrangement of Cl– ions in rock salt structure are
(A) Occupied by Na+ ions (B) Occupied by Cl– ions
(C) Occupied by either Na+ or Cl– ions (D) Vacant

Q.7 The number of nearest neighbours around each particle in a face-centred cubic lattice is
(A) 4 (B) 6 (C) 8 (D) 12

Q.8 If the anions (A) form hexagonal closest packing and cations (C) occupy only 2/3 octahedral voids in
it, then the general formula of the compound is
(A) CA (B) CA2 (C) C2A3 (D) C3A2

Q.9 A solid is formed and it has three types of atoms X, Y, Z. X forms a FCC lattice with Y atoms
occupying all the tetrahedral voids and Z atoms occupying half the octrahedral voids. The formula of
the solid is:
(A) X2Y4Z (B) XY2Z4 (C) X4Y2Z (D) X4YZ2

Q.10 The intermetallic compound LiAg crystallizes in cubic lattice in which both lithium and silver have
coordination number of eight. The crystal class is
(A) Simple cubic (B) Body centred cubic (C) Face centred cubic (D) None

Q.11 A compound XY crystallizes in BCC lattice with unit cell edge lenght of 480 pm. If the radius of Y– is
225 pm, then the radius of X+ is

Solid and surface.pmd 2 12/27/2019, 1:12 PM

 (A) 127.5 pm (B) 190.68 pm (C) 225 pm (D) 255 pm

Q.12 The mass of a unit cell of CsCl corresponds to

(A) 1 Cs+ and 1 Cl– (B) 1 Cs+ and 6 Cl– (C) 4 Cs+ and 4 Cl– (D) 8 Cs+ and 1 Cl–

Q.13 In the closest packing of atoms A (radius : ra), the radius of atom B that can be fitted
into tetrahedral voids is
(A) 0.155 ra (B) 0.225 ra (C) 0.414 ra (D) 0.732 ra

Q.14 Which one of the following schemes of ordering closed packed sheets of equal sized spheres do not
generate close packed lattice.
(A) ABCABC (B) ABACABAC (C) ABBAABBA (D) ABCBCABCBC

Q.15 An ionic compound AB has ZnS type structure. If the radius A+ is 22.5 pm, then the ideal radius of B–
would be
(A) 54.35 pm (B) 100 pm (C) 145.16 pm (D) none of these

Q.16 NH4Cl crystallizes in a body-centered cubic type lattice with a unit cell edge length of 387 pm. The
distance between the oppositively charged ions in the lattice is
(A) 335.1 pm (B) 83.77 pm (C) 274.46 pm (D) 137.23 pm

Q.17 In diamond, carbon atom occupy FCC lattice points as well as alternate tetrahedral voids. If edge
length of the unit cell is 356 pm, then radius of carbon atom is
(A) 77.07 pm (B) 154.14 pm (C) 251.7 pm (D) 89 pm

Q.18 Which of the following will show schottky defect

(A) CaF2 (B) ZnS (C) AgCl (D) CsCl

Q.19 Copper metal crystallizes in FCC lattice. Edge length of unit cell is 362 pm. The radius of largest atom
that can fit into the voids of copper lattice without disturbing it.
(A) 53 pm (B) 45 pm (C) 93 pm (D) 60 pm

Q.20 In FCC unit cell, what fraction of edge is not covered by atoms?
(A) 0.134 (B) 0.24 (C) 0.293 (D) None of these

Solid and surface.pmd 3 12/27/2019, 1:12 PM

 SURFACE CHEMISTRY

Q.1 Which gas will be adsorbed on a solid to greater extent.

(A) A gas having non polar molecule
(B) A gas having highest critical temperature (Tc)
(C) A gas having lowest critical temperature.
(D) A gas having highest critical pressure.

Q.2 Which of the following factors affects the adsorption of a gas on solid?
(A) Tc(critical temp.) (B) Temperature of gas
(C) Pressure of gas (D) All of them

Q.3 The volume of gases NH3, CO2 and CH4 adsorbed by one gram of charcoal at 298 K are in
(A) CH4 > CO2 > NH3 (B) NH3 > CH4 > CO2
(C) NH3 > CO2 > CH4 (D) CO2 > NH3 > CH4

Q.4 The heat of physisorption lie in the range of

(A) 1 – 10 kJ mol–1 (B) 20 to 40 kJ mol–1
(C) 40 to 200 kJ mol–1 (D) 200 to 400 kJ mol–1

Q.5 Adsorption is multilayer in case of

(A) physical adsorption (B) chemisorption
(C) in both (D) none of the these

Q.6 Reversible adsorption is

(A) chemical adsorption (B) physical adsorption
(C) both (D) none

Q.7 Which of the following is not a gel?

(A) Cheese (B) Jellies (C) Curd (D) Milk

Q.8 An emulsion is a colloidal system of

(A) two solids (B) two liquids
(C) one gas and one solid (D) one gas and one liquid

Q.9 Which of the following is a lyophobic colloid?

(A) Gelatin (B) Sulphur (C) Starch (D) Gum

Q.10 The nature of bonding forces in adsorption

(A) purely physical such as Van Der Waal's forces
(B) purely chemical
(C) both chemical and physical always
(D) none of these

Q.11 The Tyndall effect associated with colloidal particles is due to

(A) presence of electrical charges (B) scattering of light
(C) absorption of light (D) reflection of light

Solid and surface.pmd 4 12/27/2019, 1:12 PM

 Q.12 Which one of the following is not applicable to chemisorption?
(A) Its heat of adsorption is high (B) It takes place at high temperature
(C) It is reversible (D) It forms mono-molecular layers
Q.13 In the colloidal state the particle size ranges
(A) below 1 nm (B) between 1 nm to 100 nm
(C) more than 100 nm (D) none of the above

Q.14 All colloids

(A) are suspensions of one phase in another
(B) are two-phase systems
(C) contain only water-soluble particles
(D) are true solutions

Q.15 Colloids can be purified by

(A) condensation (B) peptization (C) coagulation (D) dialysis

Q.16 Milk is an example of

(A) emulsion (B) suspension (C) foam (D) sol.

Q.17 Colloidal particles in a sol. can be coagulated by

(A) heating (B) adding an electrolyte
(C) adding oppositely charged sol (D) any of the above methods

Q.18 Emulsifier is an agent which

(A) accelerates the dispersion (B) homogenizes an emulsion
(C) stabilizes an emulsion (D) aids the flocculation of an emulsion

Q.19 Fog is a colloidal system of

(A) gas in liquid (B) liquid in gas (C) gas in gas (D) gas in solid

Q.20 Given below are a few electrolytes, indicate which one among them will bring about the coagulation of
a gold sol. quickest and in the least of molar concentration?
(A) NaCl (B) MgSO4 (C) Al2(SO4)3 (D) K4[Fe(CN)6]

Q.21 When a lyophobic colloidal solution is observed , we can see

(A) light scattered by colloidal particle
(B) size of the colloidal particle
(C) shape of the colloidal particle
(D) relative size of the colloidal particle

Q.22 Colloidal solutions are classified on the basis of

(A) molecular size (B) orgainc or inorganic
(C) surface tension value (D) pH value

Q.23 The electrical charge on a colloidal particle is indicated by

(A) Brownian movement (B) electrophoresis

Solid and surface.pmd 5 12/27/2019, 1:12 PM

 (C) ultra microscope (D) molecular sieves

Q.24 The minimum concentration of an electrolyte required to cause coagulation of a sol is called
(A) flocculation value (B) gold number
(C) protective value (D) none of these

Q.25 Smoke precipitator works on the principle of

(A) distribution law (B) neutralization of charge on colloids
(C) Le-Chaterlier's principle (D) addition of electrolytes
Q.26 Which one of following statements is not correct in respect of lyophilic sols?
(A) There is a considerable interaction between the dispersed phase and dispersion medium
(B) These are quite stable and are not easily coagulated
(C) They need stabilizing agent
(D) The particle are hydrated

Q.27 As2S3 sol is

(A) positive colloid (B) negative colloid
(C) neutral colloid (D) none of the above

Q.28 At the critical micelle concentration (CMC) the surfactant molecules

(A) decompose (B) dissociate
(C) associate (D) become completely soluble

Q.29 Alums purify muddy water by

(A) dialysis (B) absorption
(C) coagulation (D) forming true solution

Q.30 Solute dispersed in ethanol is called

(A) emulsion (B) micelle (C) hydrophilic sol. (D) alcosols

Q.31 Which one of the following is lyophillic colloid?

(A) Milk (B) Gum (C) Fog (D) Blood

Q.32 Small liquid droplets dispersed in another liquid is called

(A) suspension (B) emulsion (C) gel (D) true solution

Q.33 The process which is catalysed by one of the product is called

(A) acid-base catalysis (B) autocatalysis
(C) negative catalysis (D) homogeneous catalysis

Q.34 Tyndall effect would be observed in a

(A) solution (B) solvent (C) precipitate (D) colloidal sol.

Q.35 A liquid is found to scatter a beam of light but leaves no residue when passed through the filter paper.
The liquid can be described as
(A) a suspension (B) oil (C) a colloidal sol. (D) a true solution

Solid and surface.pmd 6 12/27/2019, 1:12 PM

 Q.36 The ability of an ion to bring about coagulation of a given colloid depends upon
(A) its charge (B) the sign of the charge alone
(C) the magnitude of the charge (D) both magnitude and sign of charge

Q.37 An arsenious sulphide sol. carries a negative charge. The maximum precipitating power of this sol. is
possessed by
(A) K2SO4 (B) CaCl2 (C) Na3PO4 (D) AlCl3

Q.38 Which of the following is an example of associated colloid?

(A) Protein + water (B) Soap + water
(C) Rubber + benzene (D) As2O3 + Fe(OH)3

Q.39 Adsorption of gases on solid surface is generally exothermic because

(A) enthalpy is positive (B) entropy decreases
(C) entropy increases (D) free energy increases

Q.40 Among the following, the surfactant that will from micelles in aqueous solution at the lowest molar
concentration at ambient conditions is
(A) CH3(CH2)15N+(CH3)3Br¯ (B) CH3(CH2)11OSO3¯Na+
(C) CH3(CH2)6COO¯Na+ (D) CH3(CH2)11N+(CH3)3Br¯

Solid and surface.pmd 7 12/27/2019, 1:12 PM

 ANSWER KEY
SOLID STATE

Q.1 B Q.2 C Q.3 D Q.4 C Q.5 C Q.6 D Q.7 D

Q.8 C Q.9 A Q.10 B Q.11 B Q.12 A Q.13 B Q.14 C

Q.15 B Q.16 A Q.17 A Q.18 D Q.19 A Q.20 C

SURFACE CHEMISTRY

Q.1 B Q.2 D Q.3 C Q.4 B Q.5 A Q.6 B Q.7 D

Q.8 B Q.9 B Q.10 D Q.11 B Q.12 C Q.13 B Q.14 B

Q.15 D Q.16 A Q.17 D Q.18 C Q.19 B Q.20 C Q.21 A

Q.22 A Q.23 B Q.24 A Q.25 B Q.26 C Q.27 B Q.28 C

Q.29 C Q.30 D Q.31 B Q.32 B Q.33 B Q.34 D Q.35 C

Q.36 D Q.37 D Q.38 B Q.39 B Q.40 A

Solid and surface.pmd 8 12/27/2019, 1:12 PM

 Solid State

EXERCISE # (JEE-MAIN)
1. In a compound, atoms of element Y form ccp lattice and those of element X occupy 2/3rd of

e r t s e r ts
x(2)pX Y xpX Y
tetrahedral voids. The formula of the compound will be: [AIEEE-08]
(1) X Y
ry
4
E 3 2 3 (3) X Y
ry E (4)
2 3 4

s t s t
i and in body centered packed structure
i of free space in cubic close packed structure
e m e m
Ch Ch
2. Percentages
are respectively: [AIEEE-10]
(1) 48% and 26% (2) 30% and 26% (3) 26% and 32% (4) 32% and 48%

ts
3. The edge length of a face centered cubic cell of an ionic substance is 508 pm. If the radius of

p e r
the cation is 110 pm, the radius of the anion is: [AIEEE-10]
(2)x288 pm
E t s618 pm
(1) 144 pm
tr y (3) 398 pm
p e r (4)

m i s E x
h enumber of atoms per unit cell in B.C.C. & t
s ry is respectively:
4.
C(1) 8, 10
The
i
m (3) 1, 2
F.C.C. [AIEEE-02]

h e
ts
(2) 2, 4 (4) 1, 3
C e r
E x?p
5. How many unit cells are present in a cube-shaped ideal crystal of NaCl of mass 1.00g
21 21 y
(2) 1.71 × 10 unit cells istr [AIEEE-03]
m
(1) 1.28 × 10 unit cells
21
s
21

C h e
t
(3) 2.57 × 10 unit cells (4) 5.14 × 10 unit cells
e r
What type of crystalE
xp
6.
s r
t Cly defect is indicated in the diagram below? [AIEEE-04]

m
+
i – + – +
s
–

ChCle t Na
Na Na Cl Na Cl
e r
xNap
– – + +
Cl Na
+ – –

r y E + –

iNast
Na Cl Cl Cl

m
– + – + +

Che (2) Schottky defect

Cl Na Cl Na
(1) Frenkel defect
e r ts
(3) Interstitial defect (4) Frenkel and Schottky defects
E xp
s t r y
s
An ionic compound has a unit celltconsisting m i of a cube and B ions on
7.
e
er The empirical formulaCofhthis compound would be–
of A ions at the corners

E p
the centres of the faces ofxthe cube.

s t r y
m i [AIEEE-05]

C h e
(1) A B 2 (2) AB (3) A B 3 (4) AB3

40
 Solid State
8. Lattice energy of an ionic compound depends upon: [AIEEE-05]

s s
(1) Size of the ion only (2) Charge on the ion only

e r t e r t
E x p
(3) Charge on the ion and size of the ion (4) Packing of ions only
E x p
s r y
t of atoms present in a face-centred cubiciunit
s r y
tcell of a metal is (r is atomic radius):
9.
m i
Total volume
m
C he Ch e [AIEEE-06]
24 3 12 3 16 3 20 3
(1) r (2) r (3) r (4) r
3 3 3 3

10. Lithium forms body centred cubic structure. The length of the side of its unit cell is 351 pm.

e r t
Atomic radius of the lithium will be: s [AIEEE-12]
(1) 152 pm
E x p
(2) 75 pm (3) 300 pm
t s
(4) 240 pm

tr y p e r
Among theis E x
11.
m
hDensity
following the incorrect statement is:
y
e of crystals remains unaffected dueistotrFrenkel defect
[Jee-Main (online)-12]

C(1)
(2) In BCC unit cell the void space ise m
C h 32%
r ts
(3) Electrical conductivity of semiconductors
e
and metals increases with increase in temperature
xp
(4) Density of crystals decreases due to Schottky defect
E
i stry
12.
h
A solid has 'bcc' structure. If the distance of nearest approach
e m between two atoms is
e r
1.73 Å, the edge length of the cellt s
is: C [Jee-Main (online)-12]

E xp216 pm
y
(1) 314.20 pm (2) (3) 200 pm (4) 1.41 pm

s t r
i chloride crystallizes in a body centred cubic lattice with sedge length of unit cell of
e m r t
Ch390 pm. If the size of chloride ion is180 pm, the size of ammonium
e
13. Ammonium

E xp ion would be:

i stry [Jee-Main (online)-12]
(2) 174 pm em (3) 142 pm
(1) 158 pm
C h (4) 126 pm
r t s
x e
p crystal
E
14. The radius of a calcium ion is 94 pm and of the oxide ion is 146 pm. The possible
structure of calcium oxide will be:
s t r y (online)-12]
[Jee-Main
(2) Tetrahedrals m (4)iTrigonal
(1) Octahedral
e r t (3) Pyramidal
e
hM O. Metal M, is present as M
15.
E x
Experimentally it was found p C
that a metal oxide has formula 2+

y
0.98
3+

i s t r
and M in its oxide. 3+
Fraction of the metal which exists as M would be:

h e m [Jee-Main (offline)-13]
C(1) 7.01% (2) 4.08% (3) 6.05% (4) 5.08
41
 Solid State
16. An element having an atomic radius of 0.14 nm crystallizes in an fcc unit cell. What is the
length of a side of the cell? [Jee-Main (online)-13]
(1) 0.96 nm
e r t s
(2) 0.4 nm (3) 0.24 nm
e r
(4) 0.56 nm ts
E x p E x p
s tr y s tr y
i i
17. Which one of the following statements about packing in solids is incorrect?

e m
(1) Void space in ccp mode of packing is 26%
e m
h is 12
[Jee-Main (online)-13]

Ch (2) Coordination number in hcp mode of C packing

(3) Void space in hcp mode of packing is 32%
(4) Coordination number in bcc mode of packing is 8

18. In a face centred cubic lattice, atoms of A form the corner points and atoms of B form the face

er ts
centred points. If two atoms of A are missing from the corner points, the formula of the ionic

Exp
compound is
r ts [Jee-Main (online)-13]

str
(1) AB2y xpe
(2) AB3 (3) AB4 (4) A2B5

mi y E
19.

Che istr
Copper crystallises in fcc with a unit length of 361pm. What is the radius of copper atom?

m
[AIEEE-2011, Jee-Main (online)-13]

Ch e
ts
(1) 181pm (2) 128pm (3) 157pm (4) 108pm

CsCl crystallises in body centred cubic lattice. If 'a' is its edge length then whichpof thee r
20.
[Jee-MainE
x
following expression is correct :
st r y 3a
(offline)-14]
3
  (3) r  r  3a
m i  
(1) r  r 
Cs Cl
2
a (2) r
Cs 
r
s
3a
Cl Cs
h
Cl
e (4) r
Cs 
r CI 

C points and atoms B at the face

2

In a face centered cubicp e rtatoms A are at the corner

21.
E xB is missing from one of the face centered points, the formula of the
lattice

r yis:
centered points. If atom
s t
(1) AB i
ionic compound [AIEEE-2011, Jee-Main (online)-14]

h e m 2 (2) A B
2 3 (3) A B5 2
r t s
(4) A B
2 5

e
22. C The appearance of colour in solid alkali metal halides is generally
xp due to:Jee-Main (online)-14]
E
ry defect (4) Interstitial position
i s tSchottky [AIEEE-2011,

m
(1) Frenkel defect (2) F-centres (3)

h e
C of sides and angles are respectively[Jee-Main (online)-14] ts
23. In a monoclinic unit cell, the relation
p e r
(2) a  b  c and  =  = 90º  Ex
(1) a  b  c and       90º
(4) a  b  c and  =  =  =t90º
s r y
(3) a = b  c and  =  =  = 90º
t s m i
e e
r per atom presentCinha cubic close packed structure is :-
24.
x p
The total number of octahedral
E
void(s)

s r y
t (2) 2
[Jee-Main (online)-14]
(1) 1
m i (3) 3 (4) 4

C h e
42
 Solid State
25. Sodium metal crystallizes in a body centred cubic lattice with a unit cell edge of 4.29Å. The
radius of sodium atom is approximately: [Jee-Main (offline)-15]
(1) 5.72Å
r
(2) 0.93Å
e ts (3) 1.86Å (4) 3.022Å
e r t s
x p compounds is metallic and ferromagnetic? xp
26.
r y E
Which of the following
r y E [Jee-Main (offline)-16]
i st (3) MnO ist
m m
(1) CrO (2) VO (4) TiO
e e
2 2 2 2

C
27. h A metal crystallises in a face centred C
cubic h
structure. If the edge length of its unit cell is „a‟, the
closest approach between two atoms in metallic crystal will be [Jee-Main (offline)-17]
a
(1) 2 a (2) (3) 2a (4) 2 2 a
2

ts
28. Which of the following compounds is likely to show both Frenkel and Schottky defects in its

e r
xp
crystalline form ? [Jee Main (Jan. 2020)]
(1) AgBr
y E
(2) KBr (3) ZnS
r t
(4) CsCl
e s
A diatomicis
tr E x p
29.
h e m ry of molecules present in 200 g of X is :
molecule X has a body-centred cubic (bcc)
density of the molecule is 6.17 g cm . Thetnumber
2 structure with a cell edge of 300 pm.

C(Avogadro constant (N ) = 6 × 10 molm) i s

–3
The 2

e
23 –1

(2) 2 N Ch
[Jee-Main (Sept.) 2020]
ts
A
(1) 8 N A A (3) 4 N A (4) 40 N A
e r
An element crystallizes in a face-centred cubic (fcc) unit cell with cell edge a.E xpdistance
: ry
30. The
between the centres of two nearest octahedral voids in the crystal lattice ist
i s
m[Jee-Main (Sept.) 2020]
s h e
C (4) 2a
(2) ert
a a
xp2
(1) (3) a
2
r y E
s t
A crystaliis made up of metal ions 'M ' and 'M ' and oxide ions. Oxide ions form a ccp lattice
31.
h e m The cation 'M ' occupies 50% of octahedral voids and thertcation
1 2
s 'M ' occupies 12.5%
structure. 1 e
C of tetrahedral voids of oxide lattice. The oxidation numbersxpof 'M ' and 'M ' are, respectively :
2

r y E 1 2

i s t [Jee-Main (Sept.) 2020]

(1) +2, +4 (2) +3, +1
h e m (3) +1, +3 (4) +4, +2
C e r ts
32. –2 –1
An element with molar mass 2.7 × 10 kg mol forms a cubic unit cell with edge length
E p
x________405

y (Sept.) 2020]
3 –3

r
pm. It its density is 2.7 × 10 kg m , the radius of the element is approximately
–12
× 10 m (to the nearest integer).
is t
[Jee-Main

e r t s h e m
E x p C
s t r y
m i
C h e
43
 Solid State

EXERCISE # (JEE-ADVANCED)
1.
t s t s
A metal cryatallises into two cubic phases, FCC and BCC whose unit cell lengths are 3.5 and
e r e r
p p
3.0 Å respectively. Calculate the ratio of densities of FCC and BCC. [JEE-1999]

The figures givenE

x E x
2.
s r y r
t the unit cell for the corresponding structure y
t and identify these planes
below show the location of atoms in three crystallographic
s
planes in FCC

m i
lattice. Draw
m i in your

C hediagram.
C h e [JEE-2000]

3.
r ts
In a solid “AB” having NaCl structure “A” atoms occupy the corners of the cubic unit cell. If
e
xp s
all the face-centred atoms along one of the axes are removed, then the resultant stoichiometry
of the solid is
y E e r t [JEE-2000]
(A) AB2
is tr (B) A2B (C) A4B3
E x p (D) A3B4

h e mionic solid [MX] with schottky defects, r

t ynumber of positive and negative ions are
4.
Csame. [T/F]
In any
m i s the

e
[JEE-2000]

Chcrystallising in a hcp structure is e r ts

xp
5. The coordination number of a metal [JEE-2000]
(A) 12 (B) 4 (C) 8 (D) 6
E
y corner of the
reach
6. A substance A B crystallises in a FCC lattice in which atoms “A” occupy
cube and atoms “B” occupy the centres of each face of them
x y
is t
composition of the substance A B s
C h e cube. Identify the correct

r t
e (B)
.
x y [JEE-2002]
(A) AB 3

E x p AB
4 3

y
(C) A B (D) composition cannot be specified
r
3

Marbles i t 10 mm each are to be arranged on a flat surface so that their centres lie
ofsdiameter
7.
h e mthe area enclosed by four lines of length each 40 mm. Sketch r t sthe arrangement that will
C give
within
x p e
E
the maximum number of marbles per unit area, that can be enclosed in this manner and
deduce the expression to calculate it.
s tr y [JEE 2003]
i
mwith A : B = 1 : 1. The shortest distance between As
8.
h e
(i) AB crystallizes in a rock salt structure
and B is Y nm. The formulaC t
1/3
e
mass of AB is 6.023 Y amu where Y is any arbitrary constant.
p r
Find the density in kg m . –3
E x
[JEE–2004]
-3

s tr y
i
(ii) If measured density is 20 kg m . Identify the type of point defect.

e t s
r contains cations inCalternatee m
h tetrahedral voids?
9.
x p
Which of the following FCC structure
E
(A) NaCl str
y [JEE 2005]

m i (B) ZnS (C) Na O

2 (D) CaF 2

C h e
44
 Solid State
10. An element crystallises in FCC lattice having edge length 400 pm. Calculate the maximum
diameter which can be placed in interstitial sites without disturbing the structure.

e r t s e r ts [JEE 2005]

x p x p
E is 5 Å which crystallizes
Eunit cell of a metal having atomic weightry75 g/mol
11.
s r
The edge lengthy
t If the density is 2 g/cc then find the radius
of
stof metal atom. (N = 6 × 10 ). Give
m i m i 23

e e
in cubic lattice. A

C h the answer in pm.

C h [JEE 2006]

12. Match the crystal system / unit cells mentioned in Column I with their characteristic features
mentioned in Column II. Indicate your answer by darkening the appropriate bubbles of the 4 ×
4 matrix given in the ORS. [JEE 2007]

e r ts
Column I
E x p Column II
t s a = b = c and
tr y
(A) simple cubic and face-centred cubic
e r
(P) have these cell parameters
 =  =  xp
m is E
(B) e r y
thave only two crystallographic angles of 90°
C(C)h cubic and tetragonal s
cubic and rhombohedral (Q) are two crystal systems
i
m (S) belong to same crystal system.
e
(R)
(D) hexagonal and monoclinic
C h r ts
xp e
Paragraph for Question No. 13 to 15
ratomsE
y is described
In hexagonal systems of crystals, a frequently encountered arrangement of
is t
e
as a hexagonal prism. Here, the top and bottom of the cell are regular m hexagons and three atoms
are sandwiched in between them. A space-filling model ofhthis structure, called hexagonal
e r t s C
by six identical spheresx asp
close-packed (HCP), is constituted of a sphere on a flat surface surrounded in the same plane

r E
y each other and represent the second layer. Each one of these three spheres
closely as possible. Three spheres are then placed over the first layer

s t
i spheres of the bottom layer. Finally, the second layer is scovered with a third layer
so that they touch

e m
touches three
r t of every sphere to be „r‟.
Chthat is identical to the bottom layer in relative position. Assume
x p eradius

r y E
13. The number of atoms in this HCP unit cells is
i(C)t
s 12
[JEE 2008]
(A) 4 (B) 6
he m (D) 17

C e r ts
14. The volume of this HCP unit cell is
E x p
[JEE 2008]

r ry
t
64
s
3

i
(A) 24 2r 3 (B)16 2r 3 (C)
12 2r 3 (D)

s m
3 3

e t
rcell is h e
15.
E
The empty space in this HCPx p unit C [JEE 2008]

t r y
is
(A) 74% (B) 47.6 % (C) 32% (D) 26%

m
Che
45
 Solid State
16. The correct statement(s) regarding defects in solid is (are) [JEE 2009]
(A) Frenkel defect is usually favoured by a very small difference in the sizes of cation and anion.

r t s
(B) Frenkel defect is a dislocation defect
e e r t s
E x p x p
(C) Trapping of an electron in the lattice leads to the formation of F-center.
E
r y ry
(D) Schottky defects have no effect on the physical properties of solids.
s tcell shown below is
t efficiency of the two-dimensional squareiunit
s
m i m
17.
C heThe packing
C h e [JEE-2010]

e r ts (C) 74.05%
p
(A) 39.27% (B) 68.02% (D) 78.54%

E x r t sis.
18.
s t r y
The number of hexagonal
x p e
faces that present in a truncated octahedron [JEE-2011]

m i y E
19. e M X has cubic close packingis(ccp)
hcompound
CAshown tr arrangement of X. Its unit cell structure is
ofm
p q

below. The empirical formula e

C h the compound is: [JEE-2012]
r ts
xp e
E
s try
M=

m i
e
M=

r t s C h
xp e
r y E
is t
h e m r t s
C (A) MX e
p (D) M X
(C) M X Ex
try
(B) MX 2 2 5 14

The arrangement of X ions around e

–
Am
i s
h
+

ts
20. ion in solid AX is given in the figure (not drawn to
scale). If the radius of X is 250C r
e
– +

xp
pm, the radius of A is - [JEE-2013]

ry E
X-
i s t
e r t s h e m
E x p A+
C
(A) 104 pm st r y
m i (B) 125 pm (C) 183 pm (D) 57 pm

C h e
46
 Solid State
21. If the unit cell of a mineral has cubic close packed (ccp) array of oxygen atoms with m fraction

s s
of octahedral holes occupied by aluminum ions and n fraction of tetrahedral holes occupied by

e r t
magnesium ions m and n respectively, are –
e r t [JEE-2015]

E p 1, 1
x(B) E xp1 , 1
y
1 1 1 1
2 8 ry r
(A) , (C) ,
t t
(D)
is
mCORRECT
4 2 2
m is 4 8

22. he
C The statement(s) for cubic close e
Ch (ccp) three dimensional structure is (are)
packed
[JEE-2016]
(A) The number of the nearest neighbours of an atom present in the topmost layer is 12
(B) The efficiency of atom packing is 74%
(C) The number of octahedral and tetrahedral voids per atom are 1 and 2, respectively
(D) The unit cell edge length is 2 2 times the radius of the atom

e r ts
xp
23. A crystalline solid of a pure substance has a face-centred cubic structure with a cell edge of

E t s
400 pm. If the density of the substance in the crystal is 8 g cm -3, then the number of atoms
y e r
is tr E x p
present in 256 g of the crystal is N × 1024. The value of N is [JEE-2017]

h e m t r y
is the sequential instructions [JEE-2018]
24. Consider an ionic solid MX with NaCl structure. Construct a new structure (Z) whose unit cell
CisNeglect m
constructed from the unit cell of MX following given below.
the charge balance.
C hethe central one r ts
e
(i) Remove all the anions (X) except
(ii) Replace all the face centered cations (M) by anions (X)
E xp
ry
(iii) Remove all the corner cations (M)
(iv) Replace the central anion (X) with cation (M)
i st
 number of anions 
h e m
 number of cationsts C
The value of   in Z is _____.
e r 

E xp of a compound containing cation M and anion X is shown below.

25.
r yto the anion, the cation has smaller ionic radius. Choose the correct
The cubic unit cell structure
s t
m i
When compared
s
Ch e e r t
xp
statement(s). [JEE - 2020]

E
istry
h e m
C e r ts
E xp
s t r y
t s m i
(A) The empirical formula of thee r is MX. C h e
x p compound
(B) The cation M y andE
is t r anion X have different coordination geometries.

e m
(C) The ratio
h
of M-X bond length to the cubic unit cell edge length is 0.866.

C ratio of the ionic radii of cation M to anion X is 0.414.

(D) The
47
 Solid State

ANSWER KEY
s s
EXERCISE # (JEE-MAIN)
r3t r t
1. 1
pe 2
2. 1 3. 4. 2 5. 3
p
6.
e
x 3 14.
2 7. 3
1 Ex10. E
8. 3 9.
s try2 17. 2 11. 1 12.
str
3
y 20. 3 21.
13. 1

mi23. 2 24. 2 mi 2 27. 3 28.

15. 1 16. 18. 3 19. 3 1
22. he 25. h 1 e 26.
C
29.
4
3 30. 1 31. 1 32.
C 143
1

EXERCISE # (JEE-ADVANCED)
1. (1.259)
er ts
Exp r ts
stry xpe
mi y E
2.
Che istr
e m
Ch er ts
E xp
try
3. (D) 4. (T) 5. (A) 6. (A)

m is
e
7. To have maximum number of spheres, the packing must be hcp.
Maximum number of spheres = 25.
r t s C h
xp e
r y E
i s t
h e m r ts
C xp e
E
i stry
h e m
C er ts
E xp
Area of figure = 2 × Area of equilateral triangle of side = 40 mm or 4 cm.ry
i s t
3
e r ts h em
= 2
xp C
2
(4) = 13.856
4
E
ry marbles/cm
is=t1.804
25
 2

h e m
13.856
C
48
 Solid State
8. (i) 5 kg m–3

s s
(ii) There is a huge difference density & observed density. It is only possible if some foreign

e r t er t
E x p
species occupy interstitial space i.e. substitution defect.
Exp
r y
(i) In Rock salt like crystal AB,
st Z  M = 4  6.023y mist
there are 4 AB units per
r
unit
y
cell

midensity =
8y  10  6.023 e
Che a N
Ch 10
3 –27 23
A

1 1
= 5 × 03 g/m3 [ a = 2y 3
nm or 2y 3 10–9 m ]
or 5kg/m3

9. (B) 10.
er ts 11. 216.5 pm
117.1 pm
12. A  P, S
E xp r ts
str y x p e
B  P, Q
C eW m i y E
h
CD  Q, R istr
em
Ch e r ts
Have the cell parameters a = b = c &  =  =  = (p) & are 2 crystal systems (Q)Exp
(A) simple cubic & FCC

is try
m angles of 90° (R).
(C) Cubic & Tetragonal are 2 crystal system. (Q)

s C h e
t
(D) Hexagonal & Monoclinic are 2 crystal system (Q) have 2 crystallographic
e r
A E15.
xp D 16. BC 17. D 18. 8 19. B
13. B 14.
s t r y
m i s
Che t
20. A 21. A 22. BCD 23. 2 24. 3 25. AC

e r
E xp
is try
h e m
C e r ts
Exp
s tr y
t s m i
e r C h e
E x p
s t r y
m i
C h e
49
 Solid State

HINT AND SOLUTIONS

EXERCISE # (JEE-MAIN)

e 2r ts er ts
1.
x p
Number of Atom X =
EY = 4 3
8
Exp
ry
Number oftAtom
stry
is i
e m or X Y em
Ch Ch
X
 Formula of compound is Y 16
4 4 3
3

2. For C.C.P.
% Of free space = 26 %

er ts
For B.C.C.
%x
% Of free space = 32 E
p ts
tr y per
ma is Ex
h e stry
C mi
e
3. (r++ r–) =
2
Ch r ts
110 + r =
508
xpe
E
–
2

 r– =
508
– 110 istry
2
hem
 r– = 144 pm
er ts C
Exp
stry
i
4. (2)

h e m r ts
C x p e
6.022 10
E
23

ry
5. 58.5 gm of Nacl contains unit cells
4
6.022 m
i s t
 1 gm of Nacl should contain
h e
C 58.5  4
10 1 23
21

ts
r
i.e. 2.57 × 10 unit cells

xpe
r y E
6. Schottky defect
is t
i.e.r1ts h e m
8pe
1
7. Number of Atom A = 4 
E1 x C
s ry
t B = 6  2 i.e. 3
m i
Number of Atom

Ch e
Formula of compound is AB 3

50
 Solid State
8. Lattice energy of an ionic compounds depends on  (3)

er s
i.e. charge on the ion & size of the ion.
t e r ts
x p x p
Eis 4  r
E present in a face. centred unit cell ofrmetal
9. Total volume y
s tr of atoms
s t y 4 3

i
m16 r m i 3

C hei.e. 3
C h e
3

10. For B.C.C.

3a

ts
r=
4
p er
3  351
i.e. r =E x r ts
=
4
str y 152 pm

x p e
m i E
yconductivity of semiconductors & metals
11. h e
Cincreases with Increases in temperature.mi
The s t r
only incorrect statement is (3) i.e. electrical

Che er ts
12. For B.C.C
E xp
3a
is try
2 em
The distance of Nearest Approach between atom is equal to

r ts C h
3a
= 1.73
xp e
2
 a = 2Å ort200 r ypm E
m i s s
h e e r t
13. C For NH Cl in B.C.C lattice: xp
E
try
4

 r  r  = 32 a m is
NH 4  Cl

C h e t s
er
xp
3  390
r  180 =
NH 4 
2
ry E
3  390 i s t
 r NH 4 
= – 180
er ts h e m
p C
2
 r
E x
y
= 158 pm
r
NH 4 

ist
h e m
C
51
 Solid State
rCa 2 94
14. For Cao : = = 0.643  By radius radio rule it should be octahedral.
s s
rO 2 146

er t er t
E x p Exp
15. M O0.98

s
1
r y
1trole of oxide stry
i
mof M = 0.98, mole of 0 = 1
Consider
mi
C hemole –2

Che
Let moles of M+3 = x
& moles of M+2 = (0.98 – x)
 By charge bereaving (0.98 – x) 2+ 3x – 2 = 0.
0.04
 x = 0.04  % of M+3 =

e r t s
0.98
 100
i.e. 4.08 %

E x p t s
tr y p e r
a = 2 2 r is  a = 2 2 × 0.14 i.e.
16. For F.C.C

m Ex
h e r y
a = 0.4 mm
s t
CThe only incorrect statement is (3) i.e.. void
m ispace in hcp mode of packing is 32%
Ch e
ts
17.

er
Number of atom A = 6 
1 3
E xp
try
18. i.e.

s
8 4

m i
e
1
Number of atom B = 6  i.e. 3  Formula of compound is AB
2
r t s Ch 4

xp e
19. For F.C.C.
E
a y 361
r = str =
m i i.e. r = 128 pm
s
Ch e 2 2 2 2
e r t
E xp
try
3
20. For CsCl r r =
cs cl
2
a
m i s
C1 h e ts
1
er
xp
21. Number of atom A = 8  i.e.
1
8
 Formula compounds is (AB ) i.e. tr Ay
E
Number of atom B = 5  5/2
is B 2 5

ts metal halide is generally m

2

e r C h e
22.
E x: p
The appearance of colour in solid–alkali due to F–centers.

23.
a b c ist&
ry  =  = 90° a
For monoclinic unit cell

h e m
C
52
 Solid State
24. The total number of octahedral void per atom present in cubic close packed structure is 1.

3a
e r ts

3  4.29
e Å ts
r = 1.86 r
p p
25. For B.C.C. r= r= i.e.

E x 4 4
E x
26.
t r y
CrO2 is magnetic & ferromagnetic both
s s t r y
m i m i
Ch
27. e
The
Ch e
closest approach between 2 atoms in metallic crystal in F.C.C. structure is
a
2
28. AgBr can both schottky and Frenkel defect

Z M
29. Density =
NA  a3

6.17 =
2 M
6 10  (300 10 –10 )3
23
r ts
e 200  N
M = 50

E x p t s
tr y
 Number of molecules in 200 gm. = =4N
p
A
e r
s x
A

Mine
i 50
m between two octahedral voids in fcctr=y 2 E
h
a
C is (Distance between edge centre and body centre)
30. distance

he m
C e r ts
31. –2
O ions form ccp. O  (–8 charge)
4
E x p
try
50
M = 50% of O.V. 
1
100
×4 = 2 : (M ) 1 2

m is
×8 = 1s: (M ) C h e
100 rt
12.5
M = 12.5% of T.V. 
e
2 2 1

So formula is : (M )E xp
y
(M )O
r Both metals must have +8 charge in total.
1 2 2 1 4

This must betneutral.

m is s
Ch e O.N.of M  2 
e r t
xp
1
From given options :  
 M  4  2

ry E
Z M ist
32.  Density =
h e m
N a
C ts
3
A

e r
Z  2.7 10
xp
–2

E
3
2.7 × 10 =
6.02 10  (405 10 )
r y
23 –12 3

is t
s m
Z=4

e r t h e
C
Structure is FCC.

E x p
y
So, a = 2 2R

R =ist
405r 10 –12
–12

m
m = 143 × 10 m

C h e 2 2

53
 Solid State

EXERCISE # (JEE-ADVANCED)
1. (1.259)
e r ts er ts
p p
Z
Density 
E(3)x a3
Ex
=st
r y stry
d mi (3.5) i
3
d. 4

m
F.C.C
= 1.259

Che he
3
2
C
B.C.C

2.

e r ts
E xp r ts
3. (D)
s y
tr A per unit cell =  1  8  4  1  = 3 Expe
Number ofiatoms
h em 2 ry
t
C
8
 m
i s
4·e
1 
Number of atom B per unit cell = h
C  4  ts
12   1
er
 Formula is (A3B4)
Exp
istry
hem
4. (T)
e r ts C
Factual
E x p
s tr y
5. (A)
m i s
h e
3 - consecutive layers of atom in hcp are there.
e
C Atom X is in correct of 12 like atoms, 6 from layer B and x3 from r t
E p to and bottom layer A each.

r y
ist
 C.N. = (6 + 3 + 3) i.e 12

he 1 m s
6. (A)
C e r t
Number of atom of A per unit cell = 8  i.e. 1
E xp
y
8
1
i st r
t
Number of atoms of B per unit cell =
e r s6 
2
h m
i.e. 3  formula is AB
e
3

x p C
E of spheres, the packing must be hcp.
7.
r y
t of spheres = 25.
To have maximum number
s
m i
Maximum number

C h e
54
 Solid State

er ts er ts
Exp Exp
stry stry
mi mi
Che Che

Area of figure = 2 × Area of equilateral triangle of side = 40 mm or 4 cm.

= 2
3 2
(4) = 13.856 
25
e r ts
= 1.804 marbles/cm2
xp
4 13.856

y E e r t s
8. (i) 5 kg m
i s tr
–3

E x p
h e mis a huge difference density & observed
(ii) There
t ry density. It is only possible if some foreign
C species occupy interstitial space i.e. m is defect.
heare 4 AB units per unit cell
substitution

C
(i) In Rock salt like crystal AB, there
e r ts
 density =
Z M
=
4  6.023y
E xp
a N 8y  10  6.023  10
ry
3 –27 23

s t
A

2y 10 m ]m i
e
1 1
3 –9

h
3 3
= 5 × 03 g/m [ a = 2y nm or
or 5kg/m 3

e r t s C
E x p
s t r y
In C.C.P,inumber of tetrahedral voids = 2 × number of atoms.
9. (B)

h m
Asethere are 4S ions at lattice points & they need 4 zn , e r t sare adjusted in alternate
C tetrahedral voids –2

xp
which +2

E
i s try
mof void known as octahedral & Tetrahedral voids. s
10. 117.1 pm

h e t
It r is the radius of void & r isC
In a cubic crystal system, there are 2 types
e r
xp
1 the radius of atom creating these voids, then
2

r 
ry E
 
1
= 0.414
i s t
r 2 octahedral

e r t s h e m
r 
 
1
= 0.225
E x p C
r 2

s r y
t ratio values indicate that octahedral void has larger radius, have for maximum
The above iradius
tetrahedral

h e mof atom to be present in interstitial space

C diameter
55
 Solid State
r1 = 0.414r2

er t
Also in F.C.C., 4r2 =
s 2a
er
2  0.414  ats 0.414  400
xp
 Diameter required (2r1) = 2 × 0.414 r2 =
E Exp =

y y
2 2 2
i.e.
is t r
117.1 pm
istr
11. he
m hem
C 216.5 pm
Z M
C
=
a 3  NA
 a 3  N A 2  (5  10–8 )3  6  1023
Z = = =2

ts
M 75

per
So, it is a B.C.C. unit cell
3  5Ex ts
R=
3a
= y
4 tr 4
 R = 216.5 pm
per
m is Ex
h e stry
CA  P, S m i
12.
h e
B  P, Q
C e r ts
CW
E x p
D  Q, R
i s try
(A) simple cubic & FCC
Have the cell parameters a = b = c s&  =  =  = (p) & are h e msystems (Q)
e r t system. (Q) C 2 crystal

E x
(C) Cubic & Tetragonal arep 2 crystal
(D) Hexagonal &y
is t r Monoclinic are 2 crystal system (Q) have 2 crystallographic angles of 90° (R).

13. h (B)e m r ts
C  1x p
e
Total number of atoms in 1 unit cell = 12    3   2E
 1
6 try 2 
  =6

m is
Che e r ts
xp
14. (A)
2
 4r
r y E
t
C=
3
s m is
(2 r) er
t h e
4 xp C
3
Area of Base = 6  2

r y E
 volumeiof s tHexagon = Area of base × height =  6 3  4r    2  4r  = 24 2 r
m
2 3

C h e  4   3 

56
 Solid State
15. (D)

s s
4 3
 r
er t
Volume of atomin1unit cell

e
6
r t 3 100 = 74%
p p
Packing fraction = 100 =

E x Volume of 1unit cell

Ex 24 2r3

stry
 Empty space = 26%
stry
m i mi
16. he
C (B), (C)
Che
Frenkel defect is a dislocation defect Trapping of an electron in the lattice leads to the
formation of F-centres.

17. (D)
4R = L 2
e r ts
So, L= 2 2 R
E xp r ts
str
 Area of squarey  
2
2

xpe
i
unit cell = 2 2 R = 8R

e m r y E
Ch is t
Rm
hR e
C ts
R
4R=
er
R So, L= L 2 L 2
Exp
try
R r

mis
e
R

r t s Ch
Area of atoms presentein 1 unit cell = R  4·
 R 
p
2

x  = R
2 2

r y E  4 

t
is Packing efficiency =
2R
m
2

h e 100 = 78.54 %
2

e r ts
C
8R

E x p
18. (8)
istry
h e m
C er ts

Exp
stry
ts mi
e r Che
E xpoctahedron is the 14-faced Archimedean solid with 14 total faces :
try hexagons.
Explanation : The truncated

is
6 square & 8 regular
m
C h e
57
 Solid State
The truncated octahedron is formed by removing the six right square pyramids one from each

s s
point of regular octahedron.

e r t er t
Truncated octahedron unfolded in two dimensions.

Ex p Exp
stry stry
19. (B)
i
m  No. of M atoms =  4  1 = 2 hemi
C heSolution
1
4 C
1 1
Number of X atoms = 6  8 = 3 + 1 = 4
2 8
So, empirical formula of compound is (MX2).

e r ts
p void arrangement.
20. (A)

Eisxoctahedral ts
y
The given arrangement
tr r 0.414 × 250 per
r
r em
A
is Ex
h
0.414 A

st ry
C i

X

i.e. r  103.5 pm em
A
Ch er ts
xp
r A
< 0.732  rA < 183 pm.
E
try
rX 

So, the radius of A+ is 104 pm.

mis
s Che
er t
4 xp
21. (A)
In CCP, O ions areE
–2

s t ry charge = – 8
i of Al ions be x
Hence total negative
m
Letenumber
Ch
+3

er ts
+2
& number of Mg ion be y
Exp
 Total position charge = 3x + 2y
i s try
 3x + 2y = 8
h e m
This relation is satisfied only byCx = 2 & y = 1
er ts
Hence number of Al = 2 +3
Exp
& number of Mg+2 = 1
s try
ts i 1
ions = emi.e.
e r
 m i.e. fraction of octahedral holes occupied by Al +3
Ch4
2

E xp 2

tryof tetrahedral holes occupied by Mg

1
i s
+2
and n i.e. fraction ions =

h e m 8

C
58
 Solid State
22. (B), (C), (D)
(a) Nearest neighbor in the top most layer of CCP structure is 9 thus incorrect.
(b)
r t s
e 4  4 r
Packing efficiency is 74% thus correct.
er ts
xp xp
E efficiency = 3 100 = 3 ry100Ei.e. 74 %
4
y  
3 3

% ofrpacking
4 r

ist (2is2tr)
m Number of tetrahedral void per atomh= 2em
3 3
a

Che(c)
C
Number of octahedral void per atom = 1
this correct
(d) In ABC A
2 2 2 r
AC = AB + BC
 (4r) = a + a
2 2

e r s
t a
2
r

p
r
 4r = 2 a Ex ts
r
r
r y p e
 ais=t2 2 r x
C
E
B a

h e m t r y
C(A,C) m i s
h e
The given compound has CsClC ts
25.
r
type structure in which anion x form simple cubic unit celleand
E xp
ry
+
M cation is present in cubic void.

is t
 r r 
a 3
h e m
s
M X
2
e r t C
= 0.866p
r r
2 Ex
M X 3
 
a
s t r yof M = 8
m i
Coordination no. +

s
Ch e –
e r t
p
Coordination no. of X = 8

E x
try
r M

s
And 0.732 < <1
r X
m i

C h e ts
r
Correct Ans. (A), (C)

xp e
r y E
i s t
e r ts h e m
E x p C
s t r y
m i
C h e
59