Chapter 7

1.- A constant force of 12 N in the positive x direction acts on a 4.0 kg object as it moves from the
origin to point (6i - 8j) m. How much work is done by the given force during this displacement?

At +60 J Tang(α)= -8/6

b. +84J (α)=-53.13
c. +72J W= F*d*Cos(α)
d. +48J W=12*10*Cos(53.13)
and. +57J W=72
2. - A 5.0 kg object is pulled along a horizontal surface at a constant speed by a force of 15N acting
20° above the horizontal. How much work is done by this force as the object moves 6.0 m?

to. 78J W=F*d*Cos(α)

b. 82J
c. 85J W=15*6*Cos(20°)
d. 74J
W=84.57
and. 43J

3.- A 2.0 kg projectile moves from its initial position to a point that moves 20 meters horizontally
and 15 m above its initial position. How much work is done by the gravitational force on the
projectile?
W=mgh
to. +0.29 kJ
W=-2(9.8)(15)
b. –0.29 kJ
c. +30J W=-294J*1X10 -3
d. –30J
and. –50J W= - 0.29

4.- How much work is done by a person lifting a 2.0 kg object from the bottom of a well at a
constant speed of 2.0 m/s for 5.0 s?

to. 0.22kJ D=Vt Wp=mgh

b. 0.20 kJ D=2.0X5 Wp=2*9.8*15
c. 0.24 kJ D=10m Wp=0.19
d. 0.27 kJ
and. 0.31 kJ

5.- A 2.5 kg object falls vertically downward in a viscous medium at a constant speed of 2.5
m / s. How much work is done by the force of the viscous medium on the object when it
falls 80 cm?
 to. +2.0J Wf=mgh
b. +20J
Wf=2.5X9.8X0.8
c. –2.0J
d. –20 J Wf=19.6
and. +40J

6. A 2.0 kg particle has an initial velocity of (5i - 4j) m/s. Some time later, its speed is (7i +
3j) m/s. How much work was done by the resultant force during this time interval,
assuming no energy was lost in the process?

a) 17J F=ma
b) 49J F=2(Vf-Vo)/t
Vo=(25+16) 1/2
c) 19J
Vo=6.4
d) 53J
F=8.97
27J
Wf=Fd
Wf=16.9
7. A block is pushed across a horizontal rough surface from point A to point B by a force
(magnitude P = 5.4 N), as shown in the figure. The magnitude of the friction force acting
on the block between A and B is 1.2 N and points A and B are 0.5 m apart. If the kinetic
energy of the block at A and B are 4.0 and 5.6 JJ, respectively, how much work is done on
the block by the force P between A and B?

Ec A =mv 2 /2
Eq B =mv 2 /2

W=ϫK-ϫU
to. 2.7J W=Ec B - Ec A
b. 1.0J W=1.6
c. 2.2J
d. 1.6J
and. 3.2J

8. A constant force of 15 N in the negative Y direction acts on a measured particle moving from the
origin to the point (3i + 3j - 1k) m. How much work is done by the given force during this
displacement?
Sin(α)=3/4.3
α= 45°
V= (9+9+1) 1/2
V=4.3
Wf=(15)(4.3)Cos(45°)
F=45J
 to. +45J
b. –45J
c. +30J
d. –30 J
and. +75J

9. An object moving along the X axis is acted upon by a force Fx that varies with position as shown.
How much work is done by this force as the object moves from x = 2 m to x = 8 m?

to. –10 J
b. +10J
c. +30J
d. –30J
and. +40J

10 -. A body moving along the x axis is acted upon by a force Fx that varies with x as
shown. How much work is done by this force as the object moves from x = 1 m to x = 8 m?

W=3*12/2

W=18

to. –2J
b. –18J
c. –10J
 d. –26J
and. +18J

11 -. A force acting on an object moving along the x-axis is given by

Fx = (14x - 3.0x2) N
where x is in m. How much work is done by this force as the object moves from x = -1 max
= 2 m?
W=(14)(3)
to. +12J
W=42
b. +28J
c. +40J
d. +42J
and. –28J

12. The force an ideal spring exerts on an object is given by Fx = -kx, where x measures the
displacement of the object from its equilibrium (x = 0). If k = 60 N/m, how much work is
done by this force as the object moves from a to x = 0?

to. –1.2J
b. +1.2J
c. +2.4J
d. –2.4 J
and. +3.6J

13. A 4.0 kg block is lowered down a 37° slope a distance of 5.0 m from point A to point B.
A horizontal force (F = 10 N) is applied to the block between A and B, as shown in the
figure. The kinetic energy of the block at A is 10 J and at B is 20 J. How much work is done
on the block by the friction force between A and B?

Wn=ϫK

Wn=10J P= {Px=2.4
Py=−3.2
N

Wn=∑W= -Wfr+ Wp –Wf F=¿

Wfr=-Wn-Wf-Wp
Wfr=-10-F(d)-P(d)
to. –58J Wfr=-10-40-18
b. –53J Wfr=-68
c. –68J
d. –63J
and. –47J
14.- If the resultant force acting on a 2.0 kg object is equal to (3i + 4j) N, what is the change
in kinetic energy that the object moves from (7i - 8j) m to (11i - 5j ) m?
Cos(α)=Fx/Fx'
to. +36J
ϫU=ϫK=Uf-Uo=mgh=(2)(9.8)(3)
b. +28J
ϫK=58.8
c. +32J
d. +24J
and. +60J

15.- As a 2.0 kg object moves from (2i + 5j) m to (6i - 2j) m, the constant resultant force
acting on it is equal to (4i - 3j) N. If the speed of the object at the initial position is 4.0 m/s,
what is its kinetic energy at its final position?
16+21=1/2mV 2 -16
to. 62J
(37+16) 1/2 =V
b. 53J
V=7.3
c. 73J
Kf=1/2mV 2 =(0.5)(2)(7.3) 2 =53J
d. 86J
and. 24J

16.- A block slides on a rough horizontal surface from point A to point B. A force (magnitude P =
2.0 N) acts on the block between A and B, as shown. Points A and B are 1.5 m apart. If the kinetic
energy of the block at A and B are 5.0 J and 4.0 J, respectively, how much work is done on the
block by the force of friction when the block moves from A to B?

Fx=2Cos(α)
Fx=1.53
TO. –3.3J
b. +1.3J Wn=ϫK=4-5=-1J
c. +3.3J Wn=∑W=Wfx-Wfr=Fx(d)-Wfr=-1
d. –1.3J Wfr=1+(1.53)(1.5)=1+2.295=3.295=3.3
AND. +4.6J

17.- A 2.0 kg block slides down a frictionless inclined plane from point A to point A force
(magnitude P = 3.0 N) acts on the block between A and B, as shown B. Points A and B are 2.0 m
apart. If the kinetic energy of the block at A is 10 J, what is the kinetic energy of the block at B?
 W n =∑W=W px +W f =
P*sin(30°)*(2)+3(2)
=-19.6+6
=-13.6
to. 27J
b. 20J W n =ϫK
c. 24J K f – K 0 =W n
d. 17J K 0 =13.6+10
and. 37J = 23.6

18.- A 3.0 kg block is dragged on a rough horizontal surface by a constant force of 16 N acting at an
angle of 37 ° above the horizontal as shown. The speed of the blocks increases from 4.0 m/s to 6.0
m/s at a displacement of 5.0 m. What work was done by the friction force during this
displacement?

T= f*d*cosθ
= 16N*5m*cos(37) =
64J

TO. –34J
b. –64J
c. –30J
d. –94J
AND. +64J

19.- A 6.0 kg block slides along a horizontal surface. If μk = 0.20 for the block and the surface, at
what rate is the friction force doing work on the block at an instant when its velocity is 4.0 m/s?

TO. –59W T = uk*m*g*v*cos(180)

b. –47W T = 0.20*6*9.8*4*-1
c. –71W T = -47W
d. –82W
AND. +71W

20. At what rate does the force of gravity on a 2.0 kg projectile do work at one instant when
the speed of the projectile is 4.0 m/s directed 30 above the horizontal?
T = m*g*sin θ
*v*cos(180)
T = 2*9.8*sin30*4*-1
T = -39W
 TO. +39W
b. –78W
c. –39W
d. +78W
AND. +25W

21.- A 2.0 kg block slides down a plane (inclined at 40° to the horizontal) at a constant
speed of 5.0 m/s. At what rate is the force of gravity on the block doing the work?

to. +98W
b. +63W T = m*g*sinθ*v
c. zero T = 2*9.8*sin40*5
d. +75W = 63W
AND. –75W

22. The speed of a 4.0 kg object is given by v = (2t) m/s, where t is in s. At what rate is the
resultant force on this object doing work at t = 1 s?

to. 48W
b. 40W
T = (4*2)*(2*1) = 16W
c. 32W
d. 56W
and. 16W

23. A 3.0 kg block is on a frictionless horizontal surface. The block is at rest when, at t = 0, a
force (magnitude P = 2.0 N) acting at an angle of 22° about the horizontal is applied to the
block. At what rate is the force doing work at t P = 2.0 s?
P= (Pcosθ)*v = 2cos22*v
to. 2.3W
2cos 22 ❑
b. 2.0W v= ( 2)
3
c. 1.4W
d. 1.7W 2cos 22 ❑
and. 1.2W = 2cos22* ( 2 ) =2.3W
3
24. A 1.6 kg block slides down a plane (inclined at 25 with the horizontal) at a constant
speed of 2.0 m/s. At what rate is the friction force doing work on the block?

to. +28W
b. +13W T = m*g*sinθ *v * cos180
c. –13W
d. –28W T = 1.6*9.8*sin25*2*cos180 = -13W
and. +6.5W
25. A 3.0 kg block is on a horizontal surface. The block is at rest when, at t = 0, a force
(magnitude P = 12 N) acting parallel to the surface is applied to the block causing it to
accelerate. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the block and the surface is 0.20. At
what rate is the force doing work on the block at t P = 2.0 s?

to. 54W 12−0 . 2(3)(9 . 8) ❑

b. 49W A= ( 2)
3
c. 44W
d. 59W 12−0 . 2(3)(9 . 8) ❑
T = 12 * ( 2 ) = 49W
and. 24W 3

26. Starting from rest at t = 0, a 5.0 kg block is pulled across a horizontal surface by a
constant horizontal force having a magnitude of 12 N. If the coefficient of friction between
the block and the surface is 0.20, what is the rate 12-N force that does the work at t = 5.0 s?

to. 0.13 kW
F-fk = ma
b. 0.14 kW
12- uN =ma
c. 0.12 kW
12-0.2*5*9.8 = 5a
d. 26W
a= 12-0.2*5*9.8/5
and. 12W
T = 12(12-0.2(5)(9.8) = 26w
27. A 10 kg block on a frictionless horizontal surface is attached to a spring (constant force
= 0.80 kN/m). The block is initially at rest in its equilibrium position when a force
(magnitude P = 80 N) acting parallel to the surface to the block is applied, as shown. What
is the speed of the block when it is 13 cm from its equilibrium position?

80N * 0.13 = 10.4J

0.5*800*0.13^2 = 6.76J
10.4J-6.76J= 3.69J
1/2mv^2 = 3.69J
V = 0.85m/s

TO. 0.85m/s
b. 0.89 m/s
c. 0.77m/s
d. 0.64 m/s
and. 0.52m/s
28. A 10 kg block on a frictionless horizontal surface is attached to a spring (constant force
= 1.2 kN/m). The block is initially at rest in its equilibrium position when a force
(magnitude P) acting parallel to the surface to the block is applied, as shown. When the
block is 8.0 cm from the equilibrium position, it has a speed of 0.80 m/s. How much work
is done on the block by the force P as the block moves the 8.0 cm?

to. 8.3J T = 10*1.2*0.8*0.80 = 7.7J

b. 6.4J
c. 7.0J
d. 7.7J
and. 3.9J

29. A 20 kg block on a horizontal surface is attached to a spring (constant force = 8.0

kN/m). The block is pulled 10 cm to the right from its equilibrium position and released
from rest. When the block has moved 2.0 cm toward its equilibrium position, its kinetic
energy is 13 J. How much work is done by the friction force on the block when it moves 2.0
cm?

TO. –2.5J
b. –1.4 J ΔK + ΔU + Wf = 0
c. –3.0J
d. –1.9 J
AND. –14J

30. The horizontal surface on which the block slides is frictionless. The speed of the block
before it hits the spring is 6.0 m/s. How fast is the moving block at the instant the spring
has been compressed by 15 cm? k = 2.0 kN/m
 1/2mvf^2 – 1/2mvr^2 + 1/2kxf^2

√
TO. 3.7m/s
2000 n
b. 4.4m/s ❑
c. 4.9m/s Vf = ( 6 m )2− m (0.15)2 = 3.7m/s
2 kg
d. 5.4m/s
❑
and. 14m/s

31. A 2.0 kg block located on a frictionless inclined plane is connected to a light spring (k =
100 N/m), as shown. The block is released from rest when the spring is not stretched. The
pulley is frictionless and has negligible mass. What is the speed of the block when it has
moved 0.20 m below the plane?

∑W =∆k

Ws + Wg = 1/2mv^2 -
1/2mv^2

1/2Kx -1/2Kxf + wg = ½
mv^2

-1/2(100)(0.2)^2
+mgsin(θ)(0.2)cos(θ) =
1/2mv^2f

TO. 76cm/s
Vf= 0.6m/S
b. 68cm/s
c. 60cm/s
d. 82cm/s
and. 57cm/s

32. A 2.0 kg block sliding on a frictionless horizontal surface is fixed to one end of a
horizontal spring (k = 600 N/m), which has its other end fixed. The speed of the block
when the spring extends 20 cm is equal to 3.0 m/s. What is the maximum speed of this
block as it oscillates?

TO. 4.6m/s 1/2Kx^2 -1/2Kxf^2 +1/2mvf^2 = 1/2mv^2f

b. 5.3m/s
c. 5.7m/s ½(600)(0.4)=1/2(2)v^2f
d. 4.9m/s
and. 3.5m/s Vf = 4.58m/s
33. A 10 kg block on a rough horizontal surface is attached to a spring (constant force = 1.4
kN/m). The block is pulled 8.0 cm to the right from its equilibrium position and released
from rest. The friction force between the block and the surface has a magnitude of 30 N.
What is the kinetic energy of the block as it passes through its equilibrium position?

to. 4.5J 1/2Kx^2 – ½ Kx^2f –fd = Kf – Ko

b. 2.1J
c. 6.9J ½(1.4(10^3))(8*10^-2)^2 – 30(8*10^-2)= kf
d. 6.6J
and. 4.9J Kf= 2.08J
34. A 2.0 kg body moving along the x axis has a velocity vx = 5.0 m/s at x = 0. The only
force acting on the object is given by Fx = (-4.0x) N, where x is in meters. For what value of
x will this first-come, first-served (momentarily) object rest?

to. 4.2m
1/2mv^2 = fdx = f-4dx = 4x^2/2 =
b. 3.5m
c. 5.3m 2x^2
d. 6.4m
and. 5.0m ½(2)(25) = 2x^2
x=❑√ 25/2 = 3.53m

35. A 1.5 kg object moving along the x axis has a speed of 4.0 m/s at x = 0. If the only force
acting on the object is shown in the figure, what is the kinetic energy of the object at x = 3.0
m?

AREA=6 J
1 2
6 J=Ef − m v
2

1 3
6+ ( 1.5 ) 4 =Ef
2

Ef =6+ 12=18 J
 to. 18J
b. 21J
c. 23J
d. 26J
and. 8J

36. The only force acting on a 1.6 kg body as it moves along the x axis is given in the
figure. If the speed of the body at x = 2.0 m is 5.0 m/s, what is its kinetic energy at x = 5.0
m?

W f =Ef −Ei

AREA=16 J

1 2
16 J=Ef − m v
2

1 3
6+ ( 1.6 ) 5 =Ef
2

Ef =36 J
to. 52J
b. 44J
c. 36J
d. 60J
and. 25J

37. The only force acting on a 2.0 kg body moving along the x axis is given by Fx = (2.0 x)
N, where x is in meters. If the speed of the object at x = 0 is 3.0 m/s, how fast is it moving at
x = 2.0 m?
Wfnc=∆ E
TO. 4.2m/s
( 2 , 0 ) ( 2 )=Ef −Ei
b. 3.6m/s
1 1
c. 5.0m/s 4= 2
− 2
d. 5.8m/s 2 m vf 2 m v
and. 2.8m/s ❑

√ 4+
1
2 m vf 2
3.6 m
=Vf

=Vf
s
38. The only force acting on a 2.0 kg body as it moves along the x axis is given by Fx = (12 -
2.0 x) N, where x is in meters. The speed of the body at x = 2.0 m is 5.5im/s. What is the
maximum kinetic energy achieved by the body?

to. 36J
b. 39J
c. 43J
d. 46J
and. 30J

39. The only force acting on a 1.8 kg body as it moves along the x axis is given by Fx = -
(3.0x) N, where x is in meters. If the speed of the body at x = 0 is vx = 8.0 m/s, at what
value of x will the body have a speed of 4.0 m/s?
to. 5.7m
b. 5.4m
c. 4.8m
d. 4.1m
and. 6.6m

40. Two vectors A and B are given by A = 5i + 6j + 7k and B = 3i - 8j + 2k. If these two
vectors are drawn from the same point, what is the angle between them?

to. 106 A .B
cos ∂=
b. 102 A .B
c. 110
−21
d. 113 cos ∂=
91.96
and. 97
−1
∂=cos −0.22

41. If A = 7i - 6j + 5k,|B|=7 , and the angle between A and B (when both have been drawn
from the same point) is 60°, what is the dot product of these two vectors?
→ →
A . B =AB
TO. –13
b. +13 → →
A . B =( 10.48)(7 )cos 60
c. +37 → →
d. –37 A . B =36.68
and. 73
42. If vectors A and B have magnitudes 12 and 15, respectively, and the angle between the
two when drawn from the same point is 110 , what is the dot product of these two vectors?
→ →
TO. –76 A . B =AB
b. –62 → →
A . B =( 12)(15)cos 110
c. –90
d. –47 → →
A . B =−61.5
AND. –170

44. If the dot product of two vectors, A and C, is equal to -3.5, if|A|=2.0 , and the angle
between the two vectors when drawn from the same point is equal to 130°, what is the
magnitude of C? → →
A .C = AC
→ →
to. 2.1 A .C =C cos 130
b. 2.5 −3.5 /2=C cos 130
c. 2.3 −1.75/−064=C
d. 2.7 C=2.7
and. 3.1

45. If A • C = -7.5, A = 3i - 4j, and = 6.5 What is the angle between the two vectors when
they are drawn from the same point?
→ →
to. 118 A .C = AC
→ →
b. 107 A .C =(3 i−4 j )C cos ∂
c. 112 −7.5=(5)(6.5)cos ∂
d. 103 −7.5/32.5=cos ∂
and. 77 −1
cos 0.23=∂
∂=76.7
A=❑√ 32 + 42 5

46. Two vectors A and B are given by A = 4i + 8j and B = 6i - 2j. The dot product of A and
a third vector C is -16. The dot product of B and C is 18. The z component of C is 0. What
is the magnitude of C?

to. 7.8
b. 6.4
c. 3.6
d. 5.0
and. 4.8

47. If A = 10, B = 15, and = 130°, determine the dot product of the two vectors shown.
 → →
A . B = AB
→ →
A . B =( 10 ) (−15) cos 130
TO. +96 → →
A . B =¿96
b. –96
c. +51
d. –51
and. –35

48 . If A = 5.0, B = 8.0, and = 30°, determine the dot product of the two vectors shown.

→ →
A . B = AB COS
→ →
A . B =( 5)(−8)cos 30
→ →
A . B =−34.64
to. –35
b. +35
c. –20
d. +20
and. +40

49 . If A = 6.0, B = 5.0, and = 40°, determine the dot product of the two vectors shown.

→ →
A . B = AB
→ →
A . B =( 6)(−5)cos 30
→ →
A . B =−22.9

to. +19
b. +23
c. –19
d. –23
and. +30
50 . The same constant force is used to accelerate two cars of the same mass, initially at
rest, on frictionless horizontal tracks. The force is applied to basket A twice as long as one
hour as it is applied to basket B. The work the force does at A is WA; that B is the BM.
Which statement is correct?
Wa=Wa

Wb=Wb

Fa=2 F
to. W =W .
A B

b. W A =√ 2 W . B
Fb=F
c. W A =2W . B

d. W =4W .
2 da=db
A B

and. W = 2W .
B A
Wa=2 F .2 d

Wb=F . d

Wa=4 F . d

51 . Cars A and B have equal masses and travel equal distances on straight frictionless
tracks while a constant force F is applied to A, and a constant force 2F is applied to B. The
relative amounts of work done by the two forces are related by
 Ma=Mb

da=db

Fa=F

Fb=2 F

Wa=F . d=( Fad ) cos ∂=F . d

Wb=F . d . cos ∂=Fb . db . cos ∂=2 F . d

Wa=F . d
to. W A = 4 W B .
b. W A = 2 W B . Wb=2 F . d
c. W A = W B .
F=Wa/d
d. W B = 2 W A .
and. W = 4 W .
B A
Wb=2 Wa. d /d

52 . Cars A and B have equal masses and travel equal distances D on straight frictionless
tracks from side to side while a constant force F acts on A and a constant force 2F acts on
B. Both cars leave for rest. The velocities VA and VB of the bodies at the end of the
distance D are related by

to. vB vA = .

b. vB vA = .

c. vB 2vA = .

d. v = 4 v .
B A

and. v = 2 v .
A B

53 . Two equal masses are lifted at a constant speed by means of ropes running through
pulleys, as shown below. Mass B rises twice as fast as mass A. The magnitudes of the
forces are FA and FB, while the power supplied is, respectively, PA and PB. Which
statement is correct?
 to. F B =F ;P =P .
A B A

b. F B =F ;P =2P .
A B A

c. F B =2F ;P =P .
A B A

d. F B =2F ;P =2P .
A B A

and. P A =F ;P =F .
A B B

54 . When a ball is raised vertically to a height h and returns to its original point of
projection, the work done by the gravitational force is

to. 0.
b. −mgh .
c. + mgh .
d. –2 mgh .
and. +2 mgh .

55 . When a box of mass m is dragged a distance d along a surface with coefficient of

μ
kinetic friction k , then dragged back along the same path to its original position, the
work done by friction is

to. 0.
b.
−μk mgd .

c.
+ μ k mgd .

d.
−2 μk mgd .

and.
+2 μk mgd .

56 . Two balls, A and B, of mass m and 2 m respectively, are taken to height h with
constant velocity, but B rises twice as fast as A. The work the force of gravity does on B is

a) the work done in A.

 b) half of the work done in A.

c) the same as the work done on A.

d) twice the work done in A.

e) four times the work done on A.

57 . An equal amount of work is done on two bodies, A and B, initially at rest, and of
masses M and 2M respectively. The relationship between their velocities immediately after
work has been done on them is

to. v A =√ 2 v B .

b.
v A =2 v B .

c.
v A =v B .

d. v B =√ 2 v A .

and.
v B =2 v A .

58 . Two cannonballs are launched from a second soil physics laboratory at a height h
above the ground. Ball B has four times the mass of ball A. When the balls pass to the
h
bottom of a first floor window at the height 4 above the ground, the relationship between
K K
their kinetic energies A , and B is :

to.
K A =4 K B .

b.
K A =2 K B .

c.
K A =K B .

d.
K B =2 K A .

and.
K B =4 K A .

59 . Two clowns are launched from the same spring-loaded circus cannon with the spring
compressed the same distance each time. Clown A has a mass of 40 kg; clown B has a mass
of 60 kg. The relationship between the kinetic energies at the moment of launch is
 3
K A= KB
to. 2 .

b.
K =K
3
K A= K B
2√ .
c. A B.

d.
K B=
3
√ 3
K
2 A.
K B= K A
and. 2 .
60 . Two clowns are launched from the same spring-loaded circus cannon with the spring
compressed the same distance each time. Clown A has a mass of 40 kg; clown B has a mass
of 60 kg. The relationship between their velocities at the instant of launch is
3
v A= v B
to. 2 .

b.
3
v A= v B
√
2 .
v A =v B .
c.

d.
v B=
3
√ 3
v
2 A.
v B= v A
and. 2 .

61 . In a contest, two tractors pull two identical blocks of stone the same distance over
identical surfaces. However, block A moves twice as fast as block B when it crosses the
finish line. Which statement is correct?

a) Block A has twice the kinetic energy as block B.

b) Block B has lost twice as much kinetic energy to friction as Block A.
c) Block B has lost twice as much kinetic energy as Block A.
d) Both blocks have had equal energy losses due to friction.
e) No energy is lost to friction because the ground has no displacement.

62 . If the scalar (dot) product of two vectors is negative, it means that

a) There was an error in the calculator.
b) The angle between the vectors is less than 90 degrees.
c) The angle between the vectors is 90 degrees.
d) The angle between the vectors is greater than 270 degrees.
e) The angle between the vectors is between 90 and 180 degrees.
63 . Two eggs of equal mass are thrown into a blanket with the same
speed. Egg B hits the blanket, but Egg A hits the wall instead. Compare the
work done on the eggs in reducing their speed to zero.
a) More work was done on A than on B.
b) More work was done on B than on A.
c) The amount of work is the same for both.
d) It makes no sense to compare the amount of work because the
forces were so different.
e) Work was done on B, but work was not done on A because the wall
did not move.

64 . The planets revolve around the Sun in elliptical orbits. The highly
exaggerated diagram shows a portion of that orbit and the force on the
planet at a position along that orbit. The planet is moving to the right. F | |
and F. They are the components of the force parallel (tangential) and
perpendicular (normal) to the orbit. The work they do is W | | and W. .
In the position shown

a) W | | slows the planet down; W speeds it up.

b) W | | slows the planet down; W does not do work on it.
c) W | | speeds up the planet until; W does no work on it.
d) W | | speeds up the planet until; W it stops him.
e) W | | does no work on it; W accelerates the planet up.

65 . A mass attached to the end of a spring is pulled out and released

onto a surface with friction. The work Fsp • DX done on the mass by
the force exerted by the spring
a. It never has the same sign as the energy change due to friction.
b. always has the same sign as the energy change due to friction.
c. has the same sign as the energy change due to friction during
half of each cycle.
 d. It never has the same sign as the energy change due to friction if
the friction force is greater than the spring force.
e. It always has the same sign as the energy change due to friction
if the friction force is greater than the spring force.

66. The work Fsp • dx done by the force exerted by the spring on a mass
attached to the end of the spring, when the mass has dx displacement is:

a) always negative.
b) Always positive.
c) negative half the time, positive the other half of the time.
d) positive more than it is negative.
e) negative more than it is positive.

67. A 30 kg child sitting 5.0 m from the center of the merry-go round has a
constant velocity of 5.0 m/s. While sitting in the same place and moving in
a circle, the work that the seat does on it in one complete rotation is

to. 0 J.
b. 150 J.
c. 1500 J.
d. 4700 J.
and. 46,000 J.

Open issues
68. While running, a person dissipates about 0.6 J of mechanical energy
per step per kilogram of body mass. If a 60 kg person runs with a power
of 70 watts during a race, how fast is the person running? Suppose a
running step is 1.5 m long.

(0.60J/kg) X (60 kg) = 36.00 J per step of P

Power = (work done) / (time) = 70 Watts

= 70 Joule/sec = 36.0 J = 1,944 joule/sec

= (1,944 joule/sec) X (1.5 meters/step) = 2,916 m/s

69. A baseball outfielder throws a 0.15 kg media baseball at a speed of 40

m/s and the initial angle of 30 . What is the kinetic energy of the ball at
the highest point of the trajectory?

70. When a car moves with constant speed the power developed is used
to overcome the friction forces exerted by the air and the road. If the
power developed in an engine is 50.0 hp, what the total friction force acts
on the car at 55 mph (24.6 m/s) One horsepower is equal to 746 W.