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Relations & Functions: Handwritten Notes - Lakshya JEE 2024

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
5K views25 pages

Relations & Functions: Handwritten Notes - Lakshya JEE 2024

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Cmvp
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(44,43 Scanned with CamScanner tm AMO OOAagggrgggggggy: Se % For 0 covtivaass puedo, tat Lefersal from waticioaut fy rouse wat & value obo Fusction ves owge. a ee Wy . ' NO co | a APprrR oo d . | : CF ee LK] Ds [as] r Res Op sye] : Ra: [aaa] Ls Fox distontimious Furitons Dy? Haste] U [as Xu} Res ais 42] U[yss Bs) Ir ror irae fia leading eect PFO OER Gkin F Ie entled a polynourtal Lusetion off deqvee ‘yh % Alwoys Confuuous , & Apolyrowmtal af dearee one with no condanh term Hs called om odd Uneor Functiou. ont FOO =0% , (a=to) ' SS & A polynomial + degree. odd wus its vouge (=00.5 00) amd a pelynowde SS degree even Mas a vompe wildtcl Is Subset olf =—S . 3 Trentixe algebra only Atwo poly-fyumer with degree ReM=zero soksf 3 Ye functional GH. rule. a Fin: Fs) = Fx) +P) xe R-fo} 2 (Foo a1 2x"] n + + On La ez tel vid Scanned with CamScanner * ‘ A jpusctiou ah belpen Foy = foe? 1s Known os wonou'a) Functlovs FeO =X "eneftass-} Fay = xm, ee (15253 a ; nae k= constant [Reo] k en bus only owe toma yee ks vas te oem wy Rye Lk} foo NR HI=Ax Sa — K ma.) Pameh t= ‘—_—_ aS 3 5 qoree & Pee) gts) ane polynavitat Fase bobo panvennnnaannce’ | | 4 Y= dete 04: REY wAlgeovate Fu : eee by wey alg ebyate operatious such os eddie u, tie sadkighighesgal dwislon with NM tae Rogol and tee of witli. x's Hug polynonio) 4 Poo KT Faas > hex’ Say ete. JEAN palynowial fuwhous ang AYedvale out wot Ha Converse & Functions Whidh ane Kot olgorate ose known as trongcendertal fc Growseendental Feoro” Lo Trtgoamedort c gTe ; Exporental \ Aovgri Huot Seamed with CamScanner LLLP PPP PRP ° (130) “EE (se) = logax «(avt) Ry: Com) us Fuse om soi Daur creas eR b= (S ere | Ryle) s w= ll & he 1x\? qrlopax :(acaci) = Q Foe Ly Pwd Domed TRowge oy Ret faye x 1x70 J Res ( (a0) ‘ Lo» Xo i : i X& Seamed with CamScanner ———————— yoo KPO, ML, xt0 i oR Santx)=} * 1, nko 8 OsK= Ov -—o (puj= 3 Sm toy - BY] (sales e x1 CTX {s-aa}= 3 + Det] Der 5 TS eteger (usa=-3 * {-x} - (-P9 4 KEL 7 : “3 “Ex 1 5 xen _Rehrectowol Park Raicttons carted {' pMEB ioc s feFo: (a) = x- [x Ve eget 4 {234 = 2-3-2 20.3 (-3.2} ose y vot | { ) - | x Det lx) © per ge K t reat * 06 fx}! 4 {xt Tha} 2 {xpoo epned & + [oy TT fe = Scanned with CamScanner LOOP IPPPPPIPPOOOPPOOM HOM OOHOAAHA aH | e & “ye Fen eae © FeO nen * Tew | N" ¥EN KAR AAA AA ¥ ko Dowie F = Dowsia +f 5 Rowe { f: Reaesh ¢ | Pea 0) Pace gn mn doy Note: Identical functions have same graphs and if two functions have same graph then they must be identical | F Homage fuwchion > t Foy ty )a€ (e549) y wheve Wo degree ofp Hemagensus ey et Play) = Se 34y Faye i 2, ‘ & Mabayt) = ier Stay Fhthy 7 <3 ehey 2 (sang rays) 9 ded dugyte H | Se Bounded Fuckin t+ 1 Eayation | = af Funetion Bat futerval F exist x 2 tel mab xe, 2 » Siweo , tj, hyn (y) , Oonafadt: Feuetion . | Seamed with CamScanner geneans . i J « Fe = tanty), i, Sata, ek, ar Prox +0 okt. “dw plot od, expltel Functor . . defined by om et" wh Ralved fon Ye dependent want oble 'S wow as ‘tot Fuuchtou, u ay ‘was beent expressed 4 erm’ oye abou Yuen Hy krown 08 exglteit, fuuckion NeTes Covvespoudhing 4p. Gath ee eq Hure COM De yom ware expat fondle Gakistaing Y . 7 action of Ruckious > i Ho Be OME OM Wamy-one ( em ) mo ve Lapa ) tere y a c= CoDewal ean F ie’ outs Punchiou ek ® Ay pion fy de old, wai doktwad prom R to RAS oud funder ye ¢ ts a suboe of Dowuin ou Fis dubs. ~ yf s oudo ny \ out be pelute — y\ee- versa * t polynowstal dia doqaee quan amd dobtved vou RRs alsenys “i og Funct, Zy Fue Ine Furirson Cass Be CIASEESED FN Sue Foust Fore at ee 0) ig quo Fuster (108) que tude funcktou (1 %) ud nuke ‘usetiow (EN$), 5444 Pr] perre raga yyy yng PHP PAPAL ee Scanned with CamScanner a ti ace F s Bothy Twjective Os well ag surjective Alar This Kew es BYective ~ Yu Bilective Functions one algo Know os aver ible 0% Men super OR br-ui form Funchou. a How to check if a fn is 1-1 or @ Many one _37/6se obervation 1% IP PQO=0 bes mere Hon one 1202 F0On Hen re =1,2,3 theo Ex P= Geyrayxed) ib x= 13818 19 wramyore: Ex: f= Gmytradoera) iF Xen? DA KEP HF Oa) bur xe xy Hen it is reny ore se EOE 2¥0se graph Poe
    Fete * AB even Po ove Worl ore. AQD peviasic Rig one, remy one. \3y Theoretically if f(x,) = f(&) + X1 = Xe (Where x, x, € Domain of f) then function is 1-1 Se FOP tet Lon)s Pog) 3 We RAKED EOE eneene 3. yd =6% @ 4) Using Calculus ae: oe pe Sin, HPL F prockact of continvers tag 14 Continvord Ex: LOE x. Amex ane Hy. pre continues qe, Us O8 be cticcontiny ant — Continues Ot Polit? Loker JOUFO - Wit te oO Bifferentiohe fy yo a ae vei 70 On AER (a4) Wheve oly _, ae ot ony Some Aiscete porrtt *f (ab) Not Pevmnring @ Subir NOL Pee venta Wg & SebHrkewaR of 6) then ROH) is eeg (a,b) ms 13/56 “" “vy @ SIP fora ctiffoentionle by g= fi) 2% co on (0/+) > “— : whee LY 9 at only an porwts of (2 = ¢ er ry = mot Boe ferrerng @ Bubmnperve of (ere) 707 9 ° 7g * % iJ ¢ foo ia dec reasmg 27 (275) ww Ceeeygeverrrrrrrrrrrrrn i giso 4 KE (%B) y Y= Content Note: i. Acontinuous function which is always increasing or decreasing in whole domain, then f(x) is one-one. ii. A function is one to one if and only if a horizontal line intersects its graph at most once. S=x2 y= Pove bay x = i. anys continuous function which has atleast on mi. um, then f(x) is many-one. In other words, if a line parallel to x-axis cuts the graph of the function atleast at two points, then f is many-one. ii. Ifa function is one-one, it cannot be many-one and vice versa. One One + Many One = Total number of mappings How to check for On to If for a function is range is equal to codomain then the function is on to hence to find whether a function is on to or not we should try to find out its range and see whether it is equal to its codomain or not. Note: 1) Number of one one functions from A to B + Number of Many one functions from A to B = Total number of functions from A to B 2)Number of on to functions from A to B + Number of in to functions from A to B = Total number of functions from A to B e NiceeD || ", . ¥ 3 f£:A—B x 7A) < nC) ne *, . + Then no: of one —ume — nay - % *. ate te te te te te. qari Hey al n@len , n@=m *, * * Ay f:A—B If nA)? 7B) re nem + *~ *, + mo: af one-cne d=o.- sa *~ 7. a ea no. of omto f= Sey ™. yn He Matt ttt a vel ot {ernst ost &: nays s 4 PO Pe a a ae we =2Ug Ne forehe pa 7 4X = =F yp4 = "44ers snag q tye SoS sey! SQ Stay yt potee noo fe = ~~ TUF nlad= nGeden ! 0: gf menone = 7! Le + No: efente fr =) - Ex No: @f mnenyre Hawt ny (+ Mo: of oneere Rey xarami=yy Ne tomo 4 ~ het Pak ond qrdeche jus Purekions [aa tee Fuvctiou Go “s Frdae dele by (oF) Joy = (Fo) ree ery Ys Jewownr 06 Committe <> hp uo Fractions Found 4 ss (got) 0) = a (fe) a LEA = g-twuage of PAwoge oy X = e 4 THE compostte Cuda a( roy) is dehimed th Bue vauge ob F is = the subsel toi ob tl * i “Y v = eon quarrel ere Pog = age Faye owed gtx) = X- Bs a a L(go] 9 Sm (agen = Flaep> th cs 2s (FW) vee we oF bbb bd db Seamed with CamScanner q ro oa k yea (rnd (fy) ex , k (yrs) ws _f ens Wy 7a le \ qvo M1 (gxvay 3 5 gart78\ Oa jee ayes 4x tHe > AAR Flys) = uw) Ser > KAA goae af F (qe V(x) al wn) = Bf) ey | _ | ss) r+ Wo | slate Hy x) 1 yf B | _foeee th y aeesye, () & Case oto 1h) an (e) dob wlalente) = 4 (a) Total wo. of function § —7 4 ty) Ne. ah-ome- ome {umchions —7 4} 4 No. hy want ORE Runellns. 9 4-4) 7 We A onto functions —? 4} * * —_7 _ is) No. oF Wate Ranedious SA" AL a ‘Scanned with CamScanner ZLELUPMPDPPPAPPPAOPPOPOPHMIAAAAANTAIAAAAAAAS 5 eh M\A)= 9) a\e)=4 ~ Wy Totol yo. oF Funedd ous ——> yes ot (¢) No. oly ome-oue Puyettous—> Nil (3) No» ay wasy-OMR Funetiovs> A) Yo. 4 owly (uudhiows ——9 049 - {# No ay {who Fuuckions-—> \o\4-24o ; os \ Novels ous Furctious ke te f \ fs Nae | | CF ’ & Tole) huuber oF Puukoug —7 5! i ~ g No. oF out-ome Fuyetions —— > Boy a) y SR Nos of rrany-oMe Fuuchoug— ae x Sends. of ouko tanetions ——> ND i Ste fo. oF Take Fumetous ——> 5 t Ty f ~EQdd R Rvey-Fonchtous: ~ * Pancho, defined ou 8 vavtek sie Luterval (0,4) Ys satd to be OM — gyan Fanetod hy Pex) = PO) LED, calli bes ay Fone lel sb ett Funding eke. ond 15 s Ml tp be ss 8 yy odd fomction {Ip PW) = 7 RO) w 4. fi) = x8, apnle), Ao ak. & A Fwetioy way be weiter ever Wer odd (weno) 2 4 Pasa K. # POPE =0 =7 Fools even amd Fit) + Pe) =O flo isodd & = Fox amy Fruelion St, Me (wecktov [Fa x) | is always ever aad Sy) 45 always odd a Rvevy Fumchoy omy be exprecsed os fue sual ob a wen Cancion aud om odd Pumation ye Re) = (to +n) + (ea Hl) LX 4 x even o Soa Prttr la BU Ub b by Seamed with CamScanner # Bary tomclout Prnakion 1s am eve Purchion , but Fix} eo pe of owly Function wide \s event os well as odd Runetlow atwultaneoudy, Ayah aly ewer Puactiou ts gyramel sc about fe years ond ree. ay odd Twucttew Ss symnnetd @ about tua ovtg ws t egggaags bi (EVEN Funcrion]} HT Gy Ve odd ned 17 WT ls Douann aay i, Th Clown) Helann) =o 5 hen greg chy Fhe) Is cynmetale obo se. psive (056) why Heeay = Rtas) 5 grag op Hesyrnete wnt \we YEO Fo) aw) PLY +409 | Aaah? HAW TE GT |G po FUNCTION | bs a PY 5 PP edd odd even | evey | oddlodd ge even even exe eney eve | ever | even] ever) edd exo NENO NEN | edd | odd Joven everte odd NENO weno | odd | odd joreyf evene. odd odd 9 even ut wasting FE AoA detpued by PO) SK AP LEA ts kun as fader hty wwoppng om A a mn R Are = xl oqn lx) = X pra Ro Ft) = em =m ge idol Puunetiov defined ou Ris a bifedtow « Seamed with CamScanner — yw Punedtoy | Leb RES B be o onccone ovfo Fuuctiowt grey Hnere oxtsts oc S yyque Fumdion ge 7A such yor POY EY er GhY)=% xed Vs * = 1 und) yer. We ‘y" ys sald to be 4dne Yuvevse ol F “ = ‘ a f < «Ws § qe F T= | (ee,x) (as peer j 69 * = = & “> wah Ris ovecone outs ney Fo! is olso one-one 0 F(x) : Tow Ao Ftd twlerse > eS -& watke Y= Foy FS » Solve wn aayt oo, be) Ww fewrts fp fy) (ppesitte) FS & fo wypress Bl 0s 0 Function oF X, Interchange ome 4 = Neer # iy eose of Swverse Ramco fwpur aud oukpuk Iwerdye yr rales. es a inn ip (wk) be a plu om He graph ob- yehoy Ho (ksh) bea ego ow the quaphe ah y= FG) = Graph ol yp FO andl ye Fb) ore 1 negpect tp Wee tue Yaa as Oo plane wl neon - a Vero Iweoge ofp one-anclher wi? I x = \ Swale e___ & \wverse of byenen 4) a. + Wy ptpae isa Been and gier A yt KS ys a Inverse aby SR WA Por=Te to ond of=Ta 3 where Tp dad) Tp ave L, Vdoniy Funelion on Ser'B ond seh A NS ce = respectively - We Paha x on (Fea) = Y by $ alse et \ cat 4 weeps, wee tt Bac pert jac fwverse Beets ond (gor) t= Fog! a We pore ofp Wuersestion of Y= Fer) ond YER also \tes au jhe curve eR) bud HAs me wmecessasy Lue y POY) aud y= PH cot ems otkex oly at-y= x, they com Meel; at other potude also fF CYC bb db db | fPve ib LUCE Seamed with CamScanner \ A) BE Oval ude oudy ‘ome We! yoo lies om yer iP ~ oe 4 SR © ot Feds xy asubset of ‘ 4 Fb)e -xP 5 ("b) aX ce Fe = ety flitex ce v 4 e e e @ © PERIODIC FUNCTION A bat ig tai to be periocic fF fixe T)= 2 Wexee 7120 Ex: Ben (X+ YAH Brox ae ae Froa(X +67) = Prax Te Srafless possible value of T Br whith © bok is ca2eeR furcdowrenta® perio of fr 2. &: Rrectomentel period of Simex= an, Pricdss anim, Oni PR~ 2am 3R") “URx) eR! preg yebrax Cot x, Beck, Brox casec x Coe" , tox na Ub a Wex1 teosxy Abeta) : x \Corecx NOTE: i. Odd powers of sin x, cos x, sec x, cosec x are periodic with period 21. ii. None zero integral powers of tan x, cot x are periodic with period 1. iii. None zero even powers or modulus of sin x, cos x, sec x, cosec x are periodic with period 1. aE, a PIs pertocse with perio T (f OE dp £ (o+T) for)= FO= a £et)= fos 2 Wie yep Oy hed Pe Xe period T ten + (GES) has period I lal lea Den. ee; Rineere in, +ten Perrot 4 feyrqo , £0) GOOD Pix) hos period = te m(T; To qo Lea fee ao Se \ UCN OL bia uem{a.s) = ) HCE Cad) OG = a en Lem af prretional) axite irvationnl reg or wey ot Ge paeree Cem (27,30) = 6% Lem( 2e,se)= foe ee Rut (9% 2e) = Np H Every consiont $, dered on is periodic. With no Prectammented tos Dieseen ene: ' Finding Fundamental Period Step 1: If Tis a period of f(x) then fundamental period may be T/2, T/3, T/4 su. Check for each ie. (x + T/2) = f(x) f(x + T/3) = f(x) Ifnone is satisfied T is fundamental period If f(x+T/n) then period is T/n Now replace T by T/n new Tis T/n -_ © Aun er ea ase wa Cee CCT e AE LeC ny @ Cx) =A lor ie @ny) Ifx, y are independent variables, then : of » ni og ) a, LY f(xy) = £00) + FY) = £G) =k Bygx , PHO Lexy) = toorty) Of Foxy) = £().f(y) = f(x) = x", € Ror f(x) =0 © foay=x? nto) Foy) = GWE MY? AT 106+ ¥) = £0) +10) = £00) = hx where kisa constant torte EF IF f(x) = 5 5(@ > 0), then sf) +f —x) =1 OL Poayea_ ot ad OF I f(x) = 2 then f(x) + f2—-x) =1 OLO-kx Nees “Nan 0 POty)= KO) = oe = ton fy) 2N)+-1G) 15/76 y= Fee) < Froplsieal Om 0M | gH Mets Y= Flea) 5 (070) { cL teiht tre qeanh oy iy Pls) by Sa wn Aousords Tight 4 . oR = Guihh Ye canis ‘oy 40) walt, gowords bey, - f o hi) Pott Y= Fixta) 5 (070) 4 SL Slatyt tat qvaple of y= Fed © toh uve towards lebt > sinls-) -- 9 “V7 a TY - Me ane = . | = ey I —_ ea thy Plo: 4 = Fxjta 4 (ave) pe ub Swift ‘Pat qragh oy yahoo by o units upward ox downward _ accond lug ag (ave) BE ve) egy respectively. eye a, Ww) ed ye FO) . Joke eke oy oy So xorts tates rise. vehtaction aby Bat qual off I y= Foy) wast ea . yee = &_ Mobs Y=] Ft0 | aa Ly Retain tua gorttow oly Wat ng oly we ec. Wen Lies above Ake wn tn Te ae lia -e qe tye erasivcing portion dash X-ORS aS aAplane miyro ¥ “ Ye |sinx} qe leh] Ko , wo 7 qe sino mt oe Seamed with CamScanner (vi) fe REX :* wed ¢ . oie ome ti 7 que qrvh ‘wate yorls u a plane eed caees Lh (vi) Plo}, £ ix) : Lu Hae raph i \F = Gtx) only, hoor Xo ay wad a Ms, Porto wort jaan os 6 pave Wire, f (ma) He ” fer) 5 KO” 0° Wilt) Me tu (ax) 5 he ( ‘) wo portion oy a we HELPS) 15 MY dvow ¥ xe(§ ye si (x) 2 ¢ fy wie is dvown POPP POPPOOIPP>IINIANAN | 2? 92D Scanned with CamS canner Cy Pl: [a= FO Ly Remove all tose Dbramees vba is Vyelow tae, trans ond steblect oll tose brands fo X-axis as plaue wissen. 44) = iM) fra x-als with vespeck whi dn Ves Uh) Y= max {f, yoy _ [foo 5 for J ‘ “| a) 5 497 fw) 4F Mey — Go Ftud tat Muwber of oats oly the equation Fox)=4eX). we plot jua grog oy ye toy ound = ges ow some ach aly arts « Tue mul ev oe. oh Ye exe 1s eayad 1B vuwibes ofp pout ofp Wwigrcectie oly both We graphs

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