PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2 - GRADE 12

Name: Grade & Section:

Teacher: Score:

Quarter: 1 Week: 4 MELC(s): Design a research used in daily life,

write a research title and describe
background of research. (CS_RS12-1d-e-1-3)

Title of textbook/LM to Study: Practical Research 2 Quarter 1, Module 4(Research Title and
Background of the Study)

Objectives: 1. Design a research used in daily life;

2. Craft a research title according to field taken; and
3. Determine ways in crafting research background.

Let Us Discover

a. Designing a research project related to daily life

Research is expensive. It requires time, money and effort of the researcher. However, not
pursuing on research will be more expensive because it means not working for the solutions of
present problems and looking for ways to augment peoples’ lives. Money spent on research is not
wasted expenses but it is an investment for solving existing problems, discovering up-to-date
information leading to improvements and creation of new knowledge.

Finding a research topic

To design a research project useful in daily life, you must start by selecting a topic for research. A
good topic or issue for research must be one that is presently causing a problem to people and
research can help by improving or eliminating the undesirable condition. Selecting a research topic
needs a lot of creativity and curiosity. Where can you find your research topic?

1. Observe and identify the most talked-about issues in your community, school, government and
country. What issues are people concerned about? You can brainstorm this with your
classmates.

2. Read literatures. Books, journals or the news can give you information about suitable topics.

3. Read researches and articles about previous studies specially the part where the author
recommends to future researchers.

4. Interview experts, other researchers, your teacher and other professionals to identify concerns
on your field of interest or specialization.

5. Listen to talks, podcasts, conferences, seminars or webinars to determine the topics other
researchers and specialists are concerned or interested about.

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b. How to make a good research title?

A good title is usually a compromise between being curt/concise and explicit or categorical.
Drafting a perfect research paper title requires some serious thought. Researchers tend to be
focused on their research versus the title because that is per se the general nature of people
inclined towards discovery.

According to Maxine Hairston and Michael Kneene, a good title does several things:

1. Indicate the context of the subject and scope of the study.

2. Use words that catches the positive impression and stimulate the reader interest.
3. It reflects the tone or slant of piece of writing.
4. It contains keywords that will make it easy to access by a computer search.
5. It should be SMART (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Reliable/Relevance, and Time bounded)

What are the guidelines in formulating a good research title?

1. The title must contain the following elements:

a. The subject matter or research problems.

b. The setting or locale of the study.
c. The involvement of participants / respondents in the study
d. The time or period when the study to be conducted (if the title becomes too long
because of these elements, the timeframe or period may be omitted except in
evaluation studies).
2. The title must not be broad enough and it should be concise and brief as possible.
3. The research title sums up the variable being studied in research.
4. If the title contains more than one line, it should be written in inverted pyramid.
5. When typed or encoded in the title page, all words in the title should be in capital letters.
6. Usually the general problem is reflected in the research title.
7. Avoid titles that are too long. A good research title is usually composed of 12 to 13 words
only.
8. To shorten the title, delete the terms “assessment” or “evaluation” if these are emphasized in
the text (Fatatado, 2016).

Characteristics of a good research title

1. It should predict the content of the research paper.

2. It should be interesting to the reader.
3. It should reflect the tone of the writing.
4. It should contain important keywords that will make it easier to be located during a keyword
search.

Here are some title of researches approved in various disciplines/programs

Level of electrical skills of grade12 electrical installation maintenance students in San Pascual
Senior High School S.Y. 2018-2019

Higher thinking skills in reading of freshmen in University of East, academic year 2016-2017

The effects of the Negros Oriental State University Senior High School math teachers teaching
styles on student’s motivation

Organic farming and economic income of South Cotabato province

Academia.edu.com

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c. Writing the background of your research

While there are many elements to good research article, one of the most important elements for
your readers is the background of your study. The background of your study will provide context to
the information discussed throughout the research study. Background information may include both
important and relevant studies. This is particularly important if a study either supports or opposes
your thesis.

 The background of the study will discuss the statement of the problem, rationale, and
research questions.
 It links introduction to your research topic and ensures an intelligent flow of ideas. Thus, it
helps readers understand your reasons for conducting the study.
 The reader should be able to understand your topic and its importance. The length and
detail of your background also depend on the degree to which you need to demonstrate
your understanding of the topic.
 Paying close attention to the following questions will help you in writing background
information:
o Are there any theories, concepts, terms, and ideas that may be unfamiliar to the target
audience and will require you to provide any additional explanation?
o Any historical data that need to be shared in order to provide context on why the current
issue emerged?
o Are there any concepts may have been borrowed from other disciplines that may be
unfamiliar to the reader and need an explanation?
o Is the research study unique for which additional explanation is needed? For instance,
you may have used a completely new method?

Your background should begin with defining a topic and audience. It is important that you
identify which topic you need to review and what your audience already knows about the topic. You
should proceed by searching and researching the relevant literature (Brians, 2011).

The background of the study should be able to describe the following:

 Describe clearly the problematic situation. It must be able to explain what is the difficulty
experienced in the present.

 Explain how big is the problem, describe how many are affected worldwide, nationwide and
locally. You need to cite literatures for this.

 Expound what is being done to solve the problem at present. Explain also why it continues
to be a problem.

 Describe your proposed solution for the problematic situation.

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 Let Us Try

Direction: Make your own research title considering your topic based on your track/strand. Follow
the guidelines and characteristics in making a research title.

1. Based on the discussion presented, why do we need to follow the guidelines in crafting a
title?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2. What do you think is the significance of having a good research title?

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3. Make a research title related to your track/strand.

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Let Us Do

Directions: Make a research title out of the given situations. Consider the guidelines in making a
research title. Write your answers on the space provided.

1. This study made a contextualized teaching-learning method to improve the performance of

SHS students. Such study would like to see the effect of this method on the (synchronous
and asynchronous) performance of SHS.
_________________________________________________________________________

2. Every marketer faces different challenges. They typically face the challenges on determining
the consumer behavior.
_________________________________________________________________________

3. Technological advances have the spread of information far easier than ever before, but they
have also promoted procrastination among students.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4. The study made an intervention program to improve the communication skills of elementary
pupils of General Santos City. The study would like to see the impact of intervention
program to the elementary pupils of General Santos City.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

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 Let Us Apply

Direction: Let us apply what you have learned in this SSLM by expanding the research title you
have crafted related to your track/strand by composing a one to two-page Background of
the Study. Print it on a short bond paper following the format below:

 Font: Arial or Times New Roman

 Font size: 11-12
 Spacing: double
 Margin: 1” all sides

Name: ____________________________ Section: ___________________ Date: ____________

Research Topic: _______________________________________
Research Title: ________________________________________

Background of the Study

_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________.

Rubrics

4 3 2 1
Features Expert Accomplished Capable Beginner
Quality of Piece was written in Piece was written Piece had little Piece had no style
Writing an extraordinary in an interesting style or voice or voice
style and voice. style and voice .
. Gives some new Gives no new
Very informative Somewhat information but information and
and well organized informative and poorly organized very poorly
organized organized.

Grammar Virtually no spelling, Few spelling and A number of So many spelling,

usage & punctuation or punctuation spelling, punctuation and
Mechanics grammatical errors errors, minor punctuation, or grammatical errors
grammatical grammatical that it interferes
errors errors with the meaning.

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 References

Books:

Abadiano, Mark P. Research Daily Life 2: Quantitative Research Method

Brians, C. (2011). Empirical Political Analysis: Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methods. 8th
ed. Boston, MA: Longman.

Fatatado III, R. (2016). Practical Research 2 (quantitative research for SHS). Lorimar Publishing
House. Quezon City. Metro Manila.

Self-Learning Modules

Luzano, R. et al. Practical Research_Grade12_Q3_Mod1_Nature-of-Inquiry-and-

Research_Version4

Rodulfa, Ester R. Practical Research 2- Grade 12 Self Learning Module (SLM). Quarter 1 –
Module 4

Internet Sources:

Background Research. (2018). Retrieved from

www.enago.com/academy/what-isbackground-in-a-research-paper/

Cite: Essay Brand nd. Retrieved from

www.essaybrand.com/research.choosetopictitle-variable-specificare-study-72/.

SSLM Development Team

Writer: LANI M. TRINIDAD

LR Evaluator:Yolka A. Barbecho
Illustrator:
Creative Arts Designer: Reggie D. Galindez
Education Program Supervisor: Edilbert A. Reyes
Education Program Supervisor – Learning Resources: Sally A. Palomo
Curriculum Implementation Division Chief: Juliet F. Lastimosa
Asst. Schools Division Superintendent: Carlos G. Susarno, Ph. D.
Schools Division Superintendent: Romelito G. Flores, CESO V

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