 Milk Billing Machine

 Handheld Pigmy Machine

 Dairy ERP System
 Development Boards
 Industrial Projects

TITLE: STUDY OF VARIOUS DEVELOPMENT BOARDS & PLATFORMS FOR IOT

PROBLEM STATEMENT:
To study the various development boards and IoT platforms
used to implement IoT applications.

OBJECTIVE :
a. To understand working basic architecture and components of Internet of
Things
b. To classify and compare the various development boards and platforms
available for IoT Application.
c. To choose the development ecosystem to build the IoT application.

THEORY:

1. Introduction to Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) has a rich technological legacy and a bright future:
ubiquitous connectivity has created a new paradigm, and the closed, static, and
bounded systems of the past will soon be obsolete. With the connection of low-cost
sensors to cloud platforms, it’s now possible to track, analyze, and respond to
operational data at scale. The promise of the IoT is indeed wonderful: intelligent
systems made up of smart machines that talk with each other and with people in
real time, and data analytics driving optimization and transformation in industries
as varied and far-reaching as aeronautics and agriculture, transportation and
municipal services, manufacturing and healthcare, and even within our homes.
In 1999, Kevin Ashton of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
coined the term Internet of Things. At the time, industrial automation technologies
were starting to move from the factory into new environments like hospitals, banks,
and offices. This early form of intercommunication often involved machines of the
same type— such as a one ATM machine talking to another in the same general
location—hence the term, Machine-to-Machine, or M2M. As early M2M
implementations grew increasingly more sophisticated, machines were connected to
other kinds of devices like servers. Those servers ultimately moved from on-
premise locations into data centers and eventually “the cloud.”
Today, the Internet of Things can include industrial and commercial products,
everyday products like dishwashers and thermostats, and local networks of sensors
to monitor farms and cities. In an IoT solution, objects can be sensed and
controlled through the Internet, whether these objects are remote devices, smart
products, or sensors that represent the status of a physical location. And
information can be made available to applications, data warehouses, and business
systems.

A3/402, Shriyash Garden, Survey no. 35/5, Mohan nagar, Dhankwadi, Pune – 411043.
email: [email protected], Mobile: 7745024542
  Milk Billing Machine
 Handheld Pigmy Machine
 Dairy ERP System
 Development Boards
 Industrial Projects

a. Definition of IoT
A dynamic global network infrastructure with self-configuring capabilities based on
standard and interoperable communication protocols where physical and virtual
“things” have identities, physical attributes, and virtual personalities and use
intelligent interfaces, and are seamlessly integrated into the information network,
often communicate data

2. Development Boards used for IoT

a. Raspberry Pi
Raspberry Pi is undoubtedly the most popular platform used by many hobbyists
and hackers. Even non-technical users depend on it for configuring their digital
media systems and surveillance cameras. The recently launched Raspberry Pi 3
included built-in WiFi and Bluetooth making it the most compact and standalone
computer. Based on a Broadcom BCM2837 SoC with a 1.2 GHz 64-bit quad-core
ARM Cortex-A53 processor and 1GB RAM, the Pi is a powerful platform. The
Raspberry Pi 3 is equipped with 2.4 GHz WiFi 802.11n and Bluetooth 4.1 in addition
to the 10/100 Ethernet port. The HDMI port makes it further easy to hook up A/V
sources.

Raspberry Pi runs on a customized Debian Linux called Raspbian, which provides

an excellent user experience. For developers and hackers, it offers a powerful
environment to install a variety of packages including Node.js, the LAMP stack,
Java, Python and much more. With four USB ports and 40 GPIO pins, you can
connect many peripherals and accessories to the Pi. There are third party breakout
boards to connect various Arduino shields to the Pi.

b. Intel Edison
Trust Intel to deliver the most powerful single-board computer for advanced IoT
projects. Intel Edison is a high-performance, dual-core CPU with a single core
micro-controller that can support complex data collection. It has an integrated Wi-Fi
certified in 68 countries, Bluetooth® 4.0 support, 1GB DDR and 4GB flash memory.
Edison comes with two breakout boards – one that‟s compatible with Arduino and
the other board designed to be a smaller in size for easy prototyping. The Arduino
A3/402, Shriyash Garden, Survey no. 35/5, Mohan nagar, Dhankwadi, Pune – 411043.
email: [email protected], Mobile: 7745024542
  Milk Billing Machine
 Handheld Pigmy Machine
 Dairy ERP System
 Development Boards
 Industrial Projects

breakout board has 20 digital input/output pins, including four pins as PWM
outputs, Six analog inputs, one UART (Rx/Tx), and one I2C pin. Edison runs on a
distribution of embedded Linux called Yocto. It‟s one of the few boards to get
certified by Microsoft, AWS, and IBM for cloud connectivity.

c. Arduino Uno
Arduino Uno remains to be the top favorite of absolute beginners and experts.
Considered to be one of the first microcontroller-based development boards, the
Arduino Uno R3 is simplest yet the most powerful prototyping environment. It is
based on the ATmega328P which has 14 digital input/output pins and six analog
inputs. Though it comes with just 32 KB of Flash memory, it can accommodate code
that deals with complex logic and operations.

Arduino enjoys the best community participation and support. From sensors to
actuators to libraries, it has a thriving ecosystem. The board layout has become
almost the gold standard for microcontrollers. Almost every prototyping

A3/402, Shriyash Garden, Survey no. 35/5, Mohan nagar, Dhankwadi, Pune – 411043.
email: [email protected], Mobile: 7745024542
  Milk Billing Machine
 Handheld Pigmy Machine
 Dairy ERP System
 Development Boards
 Industrial Projects

environment tries to be compatible with the Arduino pin breakout. The open source
IDE to develop sketches is another reason for its popularity. With a simple syntax
based on „C‟ language, the code is easy to learn. If you are eager to learn basics of
electronics and IoT, look no further. Do yourself a favor and get an Arduino Uno R3.

d. ESP8266
ESP826 is an inexpensive Wi-Fi microchip that is featured with TCP/IP stack
and micro-controller using UART. It has 1 MiB of built-in flash that allows the
single-chip devices capable of connecting to Wi-Fi. Each module is pre-programmed
with AT commands that makes it a plug-n-play model for developing IoT projects.
ESP8266 also provides WEP(wired equivalent privacy) or WPA/WPA2 authentication
for secure network connection. The module also has 16 GPIO(General-purpose
input/output (GPIO) pins that can be used for defining specific purposes.

e. NodeMCU
An open-source firmware and development kit that helps you to prototype
your IOT product within a few Lua script lines. It includes firmware which runs on
the ESP8266 Wi-Fi SoC from Espressif Systems, and hardware which is based on the
ESP-12 module. The term "NodeMCU" by default refers to the firmware rather than
the development kits. The firmware uses the Lua scripting language. It is based on
the eLua project, and built on the Espressif Non-OS SDK for ESP8266. It uses many
open source projects, such as lua-cjson, and spiffs.

A3/402, Shriyash Garden, Survey no. 35/5, Mohan nagar, Dhankwadi, Pune – 411043.
email: [email protected], Mobile: 7745024542
  Milk Billing Machine
 Handheld Pigmy Machine
 Dairy ERP System
 Development Boards
 Industrial Projects

f. Beagle Bone Black

Beagle Board is a cost-efficient platform for developers and learners of IoT
projects. It works on Linux and has ARM Cortex A8 processor that boots in under
10 seconds. The board has built-in Ethernet for network connectivity along with
features like USB and HDMI ports to display and other connectivity. Additionally,
the BeagleBone Black has a vast community that provides various learning guides,
videos and projects that will help to build and learn your IoT solutions.

g. Arduino YUN
The Arduino Yún is an Arduino board unlike any other. While programming it
is very similar to the Arduino Leonardo and uses the same processor, the
Atmel ATmega32U4, it also has an additional processor, an Atheros AR9331,
running Linux and the OpenWrt wireless stack. Programming the 32U4 via USB is
identical to the Arduino Leonardo. The board has built-in Ethernet and WiFi support,
a USB-A port, microSD card slot, 20 digital input/output pins (of which 7 can be
used as PWM outputs and 12 as analog inputs), a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a micro
USB connection, an ICSP header, and a 3 reset buttons.

3. IoT Platforms
The internet of things is a simple mechanism of embedding sensors, chips
and tags in consumer devices, heavy machines, remote assets and vehicles, that
establishes an internet-enabled connection and remotely transmits data to the
provider. A true end-to-end IoT Platform is a software framework that remotely
connects all 'things', manages devices, collects data, allows action management,
analytics and visualization and integrates with cloud services.

A3/402, Shriyash Garden, Survey no. 35/5, Mohan nagar, Dhankwadi, Pune – 411043.
email: [email protected], Mobile: 7745024542
  Milk Billing Machine
 Handheld Pigmy Machine
 Dairy ERP System
 Development Boards
 Industrial Projects

a. Amazon Web Services

The cloud services provided by Amazon include an IoT suite that supports all
aspects of Internet-of-Things applications:
 AWS IoT Core, which is the base on which any IoT application can be built. Via
AWS IoT Core, devices can connect to the Internet and to each other and
exchange data. Billions of messages can be sent between the devices and cloud
storage over a secure connection. The platform supports various
communication protocols, including custom ones, thus enabling communication
between devices from different manufacturers.
 AWS IoT Device Management allows easy addition and organization of
devices. The service ensures secure and scalable performance with the
possibilities of monitoring, troubleshooting and updating the device
functionality.
 AWS IoT Analytics, providing a service for automated analytics of large
amounts of various IoT data, including unstructured data from different types of
devices. The data gathered and processed by the service is ready for use in
machine learning.
 AWS IoT Device Defender, supporting the configuration of security
mechanisms for the IoT systems. AWS IoT Device Defender enables the setup
and management of security policies controlling device authentication and
authorization, as well as providing encryption mechanisms.

b. Google Cloud IoT

Google Cloud Platform is another global cloud provider that supports IoT
solutions. Its Google Cloud IoT package allows you to build and manage IoT
systems of any size and complexity. The Google Cloud IoT solution includes a
number of services that enable the creation of IoT networks:
 Cloud IoT Core, the heart of the Google Cloud IoT suite, that allows
connecting various devices and gathers their data.
 Cloud Pub/Sub, the service which processes event data and provides real-
time stream analytics.
 Cloud Machine Learning Engine, allowing the building of ML models and use
of the data received from IoT devices.

c. Microsoft Azure IoT Suite

Microsoft Azure, a cloud service giant in the same league with AWS and
Google Cloud Platform. Microsoft Azure IoT Suite offers both preconfigured
solutions and the possibility to customize them and create new ones according to
the project requirements.
With Microsoft Azure IoT Suite, you are getting the strongest security
mechanisms, superb scalability, and easy integration with any existing or future

A3/402, Shriyash Garden, Survey no. 35/5, Mohan nagar, Dhankwadi, Pune – 411043.
email: [email protected], Mobile: 7745024542
  Milk Billing Machine
 Handheld Pigmy Machine
 Dairy ERP System
 Development Boards
 Industrial Projects

systems. The platform allows you to connect hundreds of devices by various

manufacturers, gather data analytics and use the IoT data for machine learning
purposes.

d. IBM Watson Internet of Things

The IBM platform supports effective remote device control, secure data
transmission and storage in cloud, real-time data exchange, as well as machine
learning options thanks to the integration with AI technology.
The development platform offered by IBM includes a number of convenient
tools and services, making IoT software creation easier and more efficient.

e. ThingSpeak
ThingSpeak is an application platform for the development of IoT systems. It
can help you to build the application which works upon the data collected by
sensors. ThingSpeak is an open data platform for IoT application development.
ThingSpeak is the perfect complement to an existing enterprise system to tap into
the Internet of Things. It provides the ability to integrate your data with a variety of
third-party platforms, systems and technologies, including other leading IoT
platforms such as ioBridge and Arduino. ThingSpeak platform provides following
functionality to support IoT system: 1) Collect: Sends sensor and device data
collected from it to the cloud so that the data can be further analysed. 2) Analyse:
ThingSpeak can analyse the data received from sensors or devices and can derive
the virtual representation of the data. 3) Act: Based upon the analysis, it will
trigger the action to enable functioning of IoT system and application.
Key features:
• It provides real time collection of data storage
• Data analytics and Visualization using MATLAB
• Device Communication
• Open API support
• Provides Geolocation data
• Facilitates plugins

4. REFERENCES:
a. Nakhuva, Bhumi, and Tushar Champaneria. "Study of various internet of
things platforms." International Journal of Computer Science & Engineering
Survey 6.6 (2015): 61-74.
b. https://thenewstack.io/10-diy-development-boards-iot-prototyping/

A3/402, Shriyash Garden, Survey no. 35/5, Mohan nagar, Dhankwadi, Pune – 411043.
email: [email protected], Mobile: 7745024542