MATHEMATICS IN A

MODERN WORLD
MATM111
Instructor:
DANICA THERESE R. MOLINA, LPT 1
Mathematics and Physics Department
LANGUAGE OF
MATHEMATICS
 LEARNING OUTLINES
1. Discuss the language and symbols of
mathematics
2. Explain the nature of mathematics as a
language
3. Translate English sentences into
Mathematical Symbols
LANGUAGE IS…
LANGUAGE IS… Spoken
It is a fundamental tool
that bridges the gap among
people from varying origins
Signed
and cultures that can be
communicated in either spoken
or written manner. Symbols
MATHEMATICAL LANGUAGE
✓ It is a system used in the field of Mathematics
to communicate mathematical ideas, concepts
and theories among others.
✓ It is a distinct and unique from the usual
language that people are used to.
✓ It is used to communicate abstract and logical
ideas.
 PRECISE
Characteristics
CONCISE
of the
Mathematical
Language
POWERFUL
 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE
MATHEMATICAL LANGUAGE

PRECISE 13 - 2 = 11
✓ It can make very fine
distinctions among set of
symbols.
✓ “accurate” or “exact”
 930 Degrees (°)
Time Temperature
9:30 AM
36.5°C
As whole
numbers Angle Measure
Nine Hundred Thirty 30°, 45°, 60°
 MATHEMATICAL SYMBOL
It is used to refer certain concepts, ideas, quantities and others.

Commonly Used Mathematical Symbol

✓ Digits ✓ Logical Symbols

✓ Basic Operations ✓ Geometrical Symbols
✓ Sets ✓ Set Notations
✓ Variables ✓ Equality/Inequality Symbols
 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE
MATHEMATICAL LANGUAGE

CONCISE The sum of a number and 7 x+7

✓ It can briefly express long

sentences
✓ We can convert mathematical
language into expressions or
equations
MATHEMATICAL TRANSLATION

+ - x ÷ =
plus minus times divide is/are
add subtract multiply quotient of was/were
increased by decreased by product of divide by
will be
more than diminished by Twice ratio of
total of less Thrice average gives
sum of difference of of out of yields
added to subtracted from multiplied by all over sold for
increased by less than split into cost
exceeds by fewer than
greater than
MATHEMATICAL TRANSLATION

> ≥ < ≤
more than minimum less than maximum
greater than at least smaller than at most
larger than is not less below not more
above than than
not smaller not greater
than than
 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE
MATHEMATICAL LANGUAGE

POWERFUL Formula

✓ It can simplify complex

thoughts with relative ease
Mathematical EXPRESSIONS
vs.
Mathematical SENTENCE
MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSIONS
✓ It is a mathematical analogue of an English noun or phrases
person, place or thing incomplete thought
✓ It does not state a complete thought. Chacha, Manila, calculator

✓ It is used to represent a mathematical object of interest.

Set of integers, set of Real numbers, {1, 3, 5, 7, …}
✓ Examples are numbers, variables, sets, functions, ordered
pairs, vectors and etc.

3 y x+3 (9, 3) 110N, 30° SoE

 MATHEMATICAL SENTENCE
✓ It is a mathematical analogue of an English sentence
complete thought
✓ It state a complete thought. Chacha buys a calculator in Manila.

✓ It always used relation symbols such as =, ≠, >, <, ≤

buys
𝑜𝑟 ≥ action word
✓ Mathematical sentences have verbs

3+6=9 5x = 45 x+y=3 x–7>2

 MATHEMATICAL SENTENCE
✓ It can express true, false or sometimes true or
sometimes false idea.
3+6=9 True Sentence
3+5=9 False Sentence
5x = 45 Sometimes TRUE/
Sometimes FALSE Sentence
True, if x = 9. Otherwise, false.
 LET’S TRY!!
Tell whether the given is mathematical EXPRESSION or a mathematical SENTENCE.
If it is a MATHEMATICAL SENTENCE, identify if it is TRUE, FALSE or sometimes true/sometimes false.

1.) 𝟕 = 𝟑 + 𝟒 Mathematical Sentence TRUE

2.) 𝐭 + 𝟓 = 𝟐 Mathematical Sentence Sometimes FALSE
Sometimes TRUE/

3.) −𝟏 + 𝟐 = 𝟒 Mathematical Sentence FALSE

4.) 𝟓𝐭 − 𝟑 Mathematical Expression
Sometimes TRUE/
5.) 𝟓 − 𝟑𝐱 = 𝟐 Mathematical Sentence Sometimes FALSE

𝑿−𝟏
6.) Mathematical Expression
𝑿+𝟐
 EXPRESSION VS. EQUATION

Expression Equation
The sum of a number The sum of a number
and three and three is 9

x+3 x+3=9
 LET’S TRY!!
Classify the following if it is a Phrase or Sentence.

1.) Twice the sum of two numbers Phrase

2.) The sum of three consecutive integers is 108. Sentence
3.) The sum of two numbers is half of their
product. Sentence
4.)The ratio of two numbers Phrase
5.) Four times the square of a number Phrase
 LET’S TRY!! (POLL)
Classify the following if it is an Expression or Equation.
1.) 5x - 8 Expression
2.) x = 7 Equation
𝟒𝒚
3.) y+ Expression
𝟑
4.) 2𝒙𝟐 + 3x - 8 Expression
5.) x + 8 ≥ 10 Equation
TRANSLATION
Translate English Phrases to
Mathematical Expressions
LET’S TRY!!
x+3
3 more than a number
The sum of a number and 3
A number is added to 3
A number increased by 3
LET’S TRY!!
x-9
A number is subtracted from 9
The difference of a number and 9
9 less than a number
A number is decreased by 9
 7 less a number
LET’S TRY!!

𝟕−𝒙 𝒙−𝟕
“7 less than a number”
LET’S TRY!!
2x
The product of 2 and a number
2 times a number
Twice a number
A number multiplied by 2
 𝟏
𝒙
𝟐
LET’S TRY!!

One-half of a number
A quotient of a number and 2
The ratio of a number and 2
A number divided by 2
 TRANSLATION:
English Phrases to Mathematical Expressions

Twice the sum of two numbers

2(x + y)
 TRANSLATION:
English Phrases to Mathematical Expressions

Five less than thrice a number

3x - 5
 TRANSLATION:
English Phrases to Mathematical Expressions

Three more than twice a number

2x + 3
 TRANSLATION:
English Phrases to Mathematical Expressions

Subtract the product of H and M

from a number

x - HM
 TRANSLATION:
English Phrases to Mathematical Expressions

Four times the square of a number

𝟐
𝟒𝒙
 TRANSLATION:
English Phrases to Mathematical Expressions

The square of x increased by the

cubed of y
𝟐 𝟑
𝒙 +𝒚
 TRANSLATION:
English Phrases to Mathematical Expressions

The product of the sum and difference

of x and y

(x + y)(x – y)
 TRANSLATION:
English Phrases to Mathematical Expressions

The square of the sum of A and B

𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝑨 +𝑩 (𝑨 + 𝑩)
 TRANSLATION:
English Phrases to Mathematical Expressions

H divided by the sum of 4 and a number

𝑯 𝑯
+ 4
𝒙 𝟒+𝒙
 TRANSLATION:
English Phrases to Mathematical Expressions

One-third times the sum of two

numbers

𝟏 (𝒙 + 𝒚)
(x + y)
𝟑 𝟑
 TRANSLATION:
English Phrases to Mathematical Expressions

The sum of a and b decreased by

one-half of a number
𝒙 𝟏
(𝒂 + 𝒃) − (𝒂 + 𝒃) − 𝒙
𝟐 𝟐
 TRANSLATION:
English Phrases to Mathematical Expressions

The sum of a number x and 12

divided by the cubed of y

𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐
𝟑
𝒙+ 𝟑
𝒚 𝒚
TRANSLATION
Translate English Sentences to
Mathematical Equation
 TRANSLATION:
English Statements to Mathematical Statements

Seven less than twice a number

is forty-five
2x – 7 = 45
 TRANSLATION:
English Statements to Mathematical Statements

A number less seven yields ten

x – 7 = 10
 TRANSLATION:
English Statements to Mathematical Statements

Eight times a number is forty- eight

8x = 48
 TRANSLATION:
English Statements to Mathematical Statements

Eight less than a number is five

x–8=5
 TRANSLATION:
English Statements to Mathematical Statements

The product of fourteen and a

number is twenty eight.
14x = 28
 TRANSLATION:
English Statements to Mathematical Statements

When seven is subtracted from six

times a number, the result is 11.

𝟕 − 𝟔𝒙 = 𝟏𝟏 𝟔𝒙 − 𝟕 = 𝟏𝟏
 TRANSLATION:
English Statements to Mathematical Statements

Seven increased by three times an

unknown number is thirteen.

𝟕 + 𝟑𝒙 = 𝟏𝟑 𝟕 + 𝟑 𝒙 = 𝟏𝟑
 TRANSLATION:
English Statements to Mathematical Statements

Four times an unknown number is equal to twice

the sum of five and that unknown number.

𝟒𝒙 = 𝟐 𝟓 + 𝒙 𝟒𝒙 = 𝟐(𝟓 + 𝒙)
THANK YOU
I hope you learn something. God bless!