Module 1 Script

DRUG STUDY
Date ordered: Sept. 05, 2023; @ 12 NN

Since aspirin are administered at meal time or with food to reduce GI
discomfort.
DOSAGE
Dosage: 80 mg
Route: PO (per orem)
Frequency: O.D (once daily) p.c lunch (after meals)
INDICATIONS
 This medication is used to relieve moderate pain and inflammatory
symptoms; like body pain or tooth pain
 To decrease body temperature;
 To inhibit platelet aggregation. (clumping of platelets in the blood
which leads to formation of thrombus or clot)
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Aspirin is contraindicated in patients:
• Hypersensitivity to aspirin or other salicylates (as it can cause allergic
reactions)
• Cross-sensitivity with other NSAIDs may exist (less with non-aspirin
salicylates) (may not be directly hypersensitive with aspirin but it also
applies to other NSAIDs)
• Bleeding disorders or thrombocytopenia (as aspirin interferes with
coagulation by irreversibly inhibiting platelet aggregation and prolonging
bleeding time.)
• Pedia: may increase risk of Reye’s syndrome in children or adolescents.
(Reye's syndrome (RS) is rare disorder that affects all organs of the body
but is most harmful to the brain and the liver)
SIDE EFFECT
CNS: drowsiness, dizziness, headache
GI: abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, anorexia, vomiting.
CARDIO: heartburn
EENT: hearing loss
SKIN: rash
ADVERSE EFFECTS
CNS: confusion, seizures
GI: GI bleeding
HEMA: prolonged bleeding time
EENT: tinnitus
SKIN: urticaria, ulceration
Life Threatening:
• Agranulocytosis (a deficiency of granulocytes in the blood, causing
increased vulnerability to infection)
• Hemolytic anemia (a disorder in which red blood cells are destroyed
faster than they can be made)
• Bronchospasm (The airways that connect your windpipe to your lungs are
called bronchi. Sometimes the muscles that line your bronchi tighten and
cause your airways to narrow. This is called a bronchospasm, and it limits
the amount of oxygen your body receives)
• Anaphylaxis (a severe allergic reaction)
• Thrombocytopenia (deficiency of platelets in the blood. This causes
bleeding into the tissues, bruising, and slow blood clotting after injury)
• Reye’s syndrome (Reye's syndrome (RS) is rare disorder that affects all
organs of the body but is most harmful to the brain and the liver)
• Hepatotoxicity (damages liver)
• Leukopenia (a condition where the body doesn't have enough disease-
fighting leukocytes in the blood)
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
Before Administering
• Assess patient’s vital signs (e.g. bp, temp, pr, rr)
• Obtain a drug history as aspirin should not be taken with other NSAIDs as
it decreased blood level and the effectiveness.
• Educate patient on drug effects.
• Inform the patient to report side/adverse effects of the drug.
• Administer the drug using the 10 rights of medication.
During Administration
• Instruct patient to take aspirin with food at mealtime or with plenty of
fluids.
• Advise patient not to take aspirin with alcoholic drinks.
After Administration
• Provide comfort measures to help the patient cope with drug effects.
• Instruct patient to discontinue aspirin 3 to 7 days before surgery to reduce
risk of bleeding (with health care provider’s approval).
• Observe patient for signs of bleeding such as bleeding gums when patient
takes high doses of aspirin.
• Educate patient on the effects of overuse aspirin
Why do doctors prescribe aspirin for heart patients?
If you are at risk for heart attack or stroke your doctor may prescribe aspirin
to increase blood flow to the heart and brain.
Taking aspirin helps prevent blood clots from forming in your arteries and
may help lower your risk for a stroke or heart attack.
Aspirin is effective in reducing the blood clots that are blocking a coronary
artery during an acute heart attack. Anyone who has already had a heart
attack, or who has an increased risk of having one in the future, should
always carry a few non-coated adult aspirins with them.
NCP
Decreased cardiac output means that the heart is unable to pump an
adequate amount of blood to meet the body’s demands, leading to reduced
blood flow throughout the circulatory system. This compromised blood flow
can have significant implications for various body functions and can lead to
serious complications if not addressed promptly.
Vital indicators, particularly pulse rate and blood pressure, are anticipated
to rise or change due to the heart’s reduced oxygenated blood supply.
Monitor Spo2 for changes in oxygen saturation that signal deteriorating
perfusion.
Determine if an abnormal heart sound S3 or S4 can be detected by
auscultating the left lower sternal border. Children and athletes may
naturally produce an S3 heart sound, but it is an abnormal finding in older
adults and those with heart failure. Blood ejecting into a rigid ventricle
causes the S4 heart sound.

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DRUG STUDY

Date ordered: Sept. 05, 2023; @ 12 NN

Why do doctors prescribe aspirin for heart patients?

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