Unit – 1 In the first half of 70s, the term was used to refer traveling from

one place to another, a journey touching principle part of a country.

While in the first half of 90s, it appeared as an activity associated with
Tourism Concept
mobility for recreation.

Although, the first organized attempt to define tourism was

1.1 Tourism Concept
made by the league or nations in 1937-“A social activity of those who
Definitions of Tourism travel for a day (24 hours) or more in a country other than his/her home
country.”
Tourism is now a widely known phenomenon around the world
and different people define it differently. Some define it as a way to go In 1976, the tourist society of Britain proposed another
out to explore nature and its beauty, while others define it as a way to definition-“Tourism is a short term, temporary movement of people to
get relaxed, and to escape from their busy, tidy and monotonous life destination outside the place. Where they normally live and work, and
schedule. But in real sense, it has much wider scope that what is being their activities during their stay at the destination including day visit.”
assumed. It is the summation of all activities pursued by a person or In 1979, Jafari, outlined tourism as –“The study of man away
posers during a trip, outside their home, community where they from his usual habitat, of the industry which responds to his lead and of
actually reside the work. Interestingly, when a person indulges into the impact that both he and industry have on the host, socio-cultural,
daily activities during a trip same as what is being practiced by him/her economic and natural environment.
at home except business or trading for activities motivated by earning or
International association of scientific expert in tourism in 1981
remuneration. It is said to be tourism. “The activity of person traveling
defined the tourism in terms of particular activities selected by choice
to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more
and undertaken outside the home environment, when may or may not
than one consecutive year for leisure business and other purposed is
involve overnight stay away from home.
tourism.”, UNWTO International conference.
Tourism is the activity or overall activities to be undertaken by
The term tourism was derived from the word “tour”. A
an individual or group of individuals outside their home for travel visit
derivation of Latin word “Tounare” and a Greek word “Tournos”,
and recreation is called tourism. It is a practice to be undertaken to
meaning a tool for describing a survey. This literal meaning emphasizes
avoid ones monotony.
on the activities to be undertaken for getting relaxation outside the home
by a group of mates, is called tourism.
1.2 Historical Development of Tourism In 98-117 BC by the time of Emperor Trajan, the roman roads
comprise a network of 50000 miles roads. They involved in
Before ancient age, people used to travel for only food and
development of road near Scotland and Germany. It was extended to
haunting, purpose. They didn’t know anything about tourism. They
Persian Gulf in what is now Iraq and Kuwait. This helped people to get
were not civilized so they only traveled for their own purposes. They
pleasure of visiting long distance. Now the Romans could travel as
used to travel from jungle to jungle or place to place. The traveling is
much as 100 miles a day using relays of horses furnished from 5 to 6
linked with the civilization of people and development of human
miles apart.
civilization. Initially, traveling was just considered as walking later on
people were being a little bit more civilized. They stopped to walk on Accordingly, development of tourism had been for warded to
foot and started to travel by riding, horse, yak, bulks and different make the study of historical development of tourism there is essential to
animals. The advent of transportation replaced the potential use of those mention 6 Eras which can be defined below.
animals. 1. The Empire Era (beginning of BC to fifth century): Near 400 AD
In 1480 BC, probably, the first journey ever made for purpose of invention of money was made by Sumerians (Babylonians), which
place and tourism. It was made by queen HATSHEPSUP to the land helped to flourish tourism to large extent. It made easy to travel by
punt, east coast of Africa. Description of this tour has been recorded on paying. In this era, there was no concept of tourism but people used
the walls of the temple oriel. to travel various places using animals. There were constructed the
monument of animals. Introduction of money in the same era
In 1600 BC, a two Aane road of B.S. feet wide ran from the
motivated people to travel. At that time, there were few people with
post of create to the capital of Greece. Before that there were one lase
enough time and required money to travel. There were widely
road. Some roads were of 11-5 feet width. Bridges and culverts made
accepted currencies and widely used language. The legal system was
them passable. After that group of persons started traveling there in
strong at that time. So, many people traveled in this Era.
Greece. They were military, government officials and caravans (a
vehicle containing all the facilities like home). It is believed that the 2. The Middle Age Era (Fifth to 14th century): During 500 to 1400
Alexander, the great found and developed roads in India in 326 BC. AD in European’s Middle Ages a Royal party was organized.
Between 500 and 400 B.C in Iran (Persia), all the cities were connected Discussion to find unfamiliar territory and scouting the best route
to the capital SOSA, The road was 1500 miles long. This encouraged and finding accommodation and food were held. People were being
Persian to be involved in travel and tourism. organized and started their visit to different places. In, 13th century
Marco polo’s historic travel took place. In this Era, the
2
 transportation and safety in transportation were decaling. 5. The Mobility Era (1800 A.D to 1944): After the end of grand tour
Acceptance of currency was being low. People were being unaware Era people entered the mobility Era. In this Era, several works
of knowledge of common languages. People started to travel Holy regarding development of tourism had been started. In 1830 A.D.
land. First railway link between, Liverpool and Manchester was
3. Renaissance Era (14th to 16th Century): In this Era, trend of established). In 1841 A.D, introduction of package tour made by
reinvention and traveling started. The desires for traveling were Thomas in rail with inclusion of 570 passengers. The first tourism
increasing in people for getting pleasure. They involved in traveling business was introduced by Thomas cook. In 1845 A.D, world’s
for the commercial purpose too. The level of knowledge of those first travel agency opened. In 1849 A.D, first guide book facilitating
people was increasing day by day. They started to be involved in modern Tourism was published in London. It was written by John
traveling for facilitating purchase and sell of the goods they have. Murray’s handbook. In 1879 A.D, Thomas Cook introduced hotel
They started to meet the people of different places and collect coupon for the first time, which meant pay here, get there. In 1891
information’s about the products in which they were interested. A.D, Through American express, Henry Wales introduced
They invested the product according to the interests of people over Traveler’s cheque. Near 1900 A.D, first motor car named Auto van
the period. They started to go outside of their home with friends for lane road was introduced. Later on, many highways were
forgetting entertainment and fun. constructed. In 1903 A.D, Wright Brothers introduced Airplane. In
4. Grand Tour Era (1613 to 1785 A.D): The concept of modern hotel 1918 A.D, Douche Lufthansa provided the first scheduled Air
started to be used in London in this Era. It was the result of passengers service from Berlin to Leipzig and Weimar. In 1936
increasing consciousness of people for renovation and re-traveling. A.D, Air transport association ATA) was formed in Chicago. The
In this Era, people were being rich. They started to spend money for first Atlantic flight was made in 1939 A.D. This was one of the
traveling. The trend of luxurious travel started by wealthy English important periods where tourism was sophisticated by many
people. And at that time, a status symbol was developed and it developments. In this stage, basically evolution of industry, airlines,
spread throughout Europe. The world was going to be civilized. The four line roads, motorcar and many other things were introduced to
study of art and science was accelerated by people. As a result facilitate tourism.
people understood the value and importance of difficult places. They 6. The Modern Era (1945 A.D to till now): In this Era, In 1946 A.D.
started to travel for several years. Industrial revolution occurred in First Airlines was started in Europe by British Airways. First get
this Era. airlines bowing 747 that is Jumbo get took 352 passengers.

3
 Thereafter, in 1964 American Airlines developed computerized are hand working and showing their Interest in Trade. Later on, many
reservation system (CRS). In 2001, Dennis Tito took the world’s crafts man from Nepal were invited by the Emperor of china. One of
first paid space vacation. Technological advancement got well known artists Arniko went to china where masonry curved stupas
momentum and it is continuing till now. Tourism is becoming were built by him. Thereafter, many Malla Rules replaced the Lichhivi
easier, reliable and safe day by day. Right now, many Tourism and developed the valley as an open air museum. This was the period of
industries and organization are is action to facilitate world tourism. well developed architecture. The graceful pagodas and the activities
1.3 Historical Development of Tourism in Nepal relating to different festivals and ceremonies people in Malla Era were
artists and dramatists. They were recognized with their creative dance,
By observing the history of Nepal, it reveals that Manjushree is
singing and many other entertaining acts. The image of the country was
known as a first visitor of the country who came from Tibet. He cut an
increasing.
opening with his sword and drained the water of Kathmandu valley.
Later on, that valley was named “Kantipur”. There are other histories Shah and Rana Period: This was the period when Ranas
related to Mahabharata. The first written history of Nepal has recorded were handling the country by keeping Shah Kingdom. After Kot Parva
the birth of Siddhartha Gautam at Lumbini, South of Nepal. Asoka, the masscra (murdering in group), Junga Bahadur Rana was interested as
great Emperor visited Nepal. He made alliance with Nepal by marrying prime minister. He made sea voyage to visit queen of England and
his daughter to a prince. She settled down in the country. In her period, become the first Nepalese to cross the ocean. Ranas closed Nepal for
Charumati Bahal had been built. Asoka built four stupas in Patan. It is foreigners. There was a room of English rulers but they were allowed to
believed that the written history of Kathmandu valley starts from 400 life freely. In 1877 A.D, King George and Prince of Wales ware invited
A.D when Manadeva of Lichhivi dynasty worshipped at chain. The art for making shoot in Tarai of Nepal. At that time, visitors were not
and architecture of that time were considered as the best example. The allowed to enter Nepal.
marriage of Tsrong Tseng Gampo (Emperor of Tibet) with Nepalese Democracy or Modern Period: In 2007 B.S, Democracy came
princess Bhrikuti developed the relationship between Nepal and Tibet. in Nepal with huge effort of king Tribhuvan. Thereafter democracy,
They both are worshipped at Green Tara in Nepal. After the marriage, development of tourism got momentum. The door for foreigners opened
many people started their visit from Tibet to Nepal and from Nepal to to visit Nepal after democracy. In 1951 A.D actually, democracy
Tibet. In this way, Buddhism developed. Most of people from Tibet and restored in the country, in 1953 A.D, Edmund Hillary and Tensing
China adopted Buddhism. Tibetan started their trade way near of the Norgay Sherpa started expiation to climb Mount Everest. They
Kathmandu valley. People who specially belonged to newer community successfully visited Mount Everest. In 1950 A.D, first hotel Nepal
4
Himalayan Inn was established thereafter, Royal hotel operated in the organizing a concert in Kathmandu valley for providing entertainment
country in 1953 A.D. In 1955 A.D, Thomas cook and sons got special and pleasure to Nepalese followers.
permission to organize a tour for 60 tourists in Kathmandu valley. VISA Distinction Between Traveler, Visitor, Tourist and
system for first time introduced in 1956 A.D. His majesty’s government Excursionist
Basis of
of Nepal formed a tourism board and constituted tourism development differen Traveler Visitor Tourist Excursionist
committee in 1957 A.D. Development of tourism ministry happened in ces
Any person traveling Any people visiting a Any person Any person
1977 A.D. there were many associations established and operated in the from place to place country other than that coming to the visiting a
1. Mean without any in which they have country for country other
country during 50s to 70s A.D. NATA (Nepal Association of Travel ing consideration of his usual place of legitimate reason, than his
motive, duration of stay residence for any other than residence and
Agents) was established 1966 A.D, TAAN (Trekking Agent Association and the remunerative reason on other than immigration and remaining Less
activity involved is the occupation who stays at least than 24 hours is
of Nepal) was established in 1967 A.D. NTB (Nepal Tourism Board) called traveler remunerated from 24 hours during excursionist.
was established in 1999 A.D. Some association which were established which country visited the same year
and remaining at least tourist.
during 70s mention first four star hotel that is Shankar Hotel (1964 24 hours.
They have no fixed Visitors stay more than They stay more They stay less
A.D), first five star hotel i.e. Hotel Del Annapurna (1964 A.D) Visit period for stay outside 24 hours and less than than 24 hours and than 24 hours.
2. Durat ones residence or one month at least six month
Nepal Year was declared in 1998 A.D, with mission of 5 Lakhs tourists ion country.
They have not any fixed They are not involved Their activities They should not
to be allowed to visit different places of Nepal. purpose but they in earning activities should be of get involved in
3. purpo involved in seeking economic nature. earning
In 1996 A.D. Maoist started people’s war in the country for se employment or to move activities. They
to place visited. departed to
social and economic development of Nepalese people. That war created complete a
threats for the tourists. In this way, number of tourists started to decline particular job
within stated
in the country. After Maoist war in 2011 A.D Nepal tourism year duration.
Travelers are tourists All visitors are tourists All the tourists All the visitors
introduced with mission of one million tourist capacity billing in the who move between are visitors may be
4. Consi different geographical extortionist
country. In this way, door opened for the visitors of different country derati regions for any purpose
on or duration.
after the end of Maoist war. Rate of tourists is increasing day by day in Travelers involve in Visitors involve in a Tourists involve They involved
the country as government started to provide safety and security to the traveling different profession and they are in getting in the work
5. Activi places. not getting salary or recreation essential to be
foreigners at present moment. Now a days, many Rockstars, singer, ty/wo fringe benefit for that. pleasure, health, undertaken for
rk study and sport the satisfaction
dancer, actors and actresses from different countries of the world are invol of their family
ved needs or
personal day
during a day.
5
1.5 Types of Tourism 2. Village and Urban Tourism: In village tourism, all activities are
concerned within village. A village is selected as a model village a
1. Mass Tourism
few guest room and kitchen are developed without disturbing the
2. Village and Urban Tourism village environment. Urban tourism focuses on city tourism where,
3. Cultural Tourism big hotels and restaurants are developed for tourists to stay.

4. Adventure Tourism 3. Cultural Tourism: It is related to the tour of culturally rich places.
The tours are arranged to provide knowledge on culture, religion,
5. Conference Tourism
beliefs, attitudes, superstition, social behaviors and so on. It helps to
6. Eco Tourism collect information about different culture which has been adopted
7. Recreational Tourism by people at different locations.

8. Health Tourism 4. Adventure Tourism: It involves three basic components that is an

element of risk, higher level physical involvement and specialized
9. Sustainable Tourism
skill to participate. Rafting, trekking, jumping are examples of
10. Historical Tourism Adventure tourism. Persons involve in such tourism to get
11. Domestic and International Tourism entertainment by being involved in adventure.

12. Ethnic Tourism 5. Conference Tourism: Big business homes, multinational

companies, government organizations and many other institutions
13. Business and Leisure Tourism
are organizing, meeting, conventions and conferences at different
1. Mass Tourism: It is the most recent phenomenon of the modern places and in different countries. The persons who move from one
tourism. This concept emerged along with the concept of paid place to another place to participate in these kinds of program are
holiday. It focuses on many numbers of tourists instead of elite called conference tourists and the tour is said to be conference
tourists (selective tourists). The development of airways and tourism.
seaways has helped to travel many people at once. Many travel
6. Eco Tourism: The tourism which has been organized to foster on
agencies focus on package tourism due to many people.
those issues that help to maintain ecological balance is called eco
tourism. This type of tourism is the essence of modern era. It is
6
 organized in natural environment and the tourists observe man specifies available in the world and disappeared in the past from the
nature relationships. world.

7. Recreational Tourism: It concerns with recreational activities 11. Domestic and International Tourism: Domestic Tourism is
mostly centralized in big cities. This tourism is organized for tourism that focus on the moment of persons within the country. It
providing entertainment to the persons. Nightclubs, casinos, dance also emphasizes earning local currency by completing the task
bars and many places, there are which are providing happiness and assigned to them in the period of tour. International tourism gives
pleasure to the persons. The tourism organized for this purpose is emphasis on visiting different places outside the country with a
called recreational tourism. For e.g. most bollywood stars are purpose to get pleasure and earning foreign country.
invited to the film fare for the recreational facilities. 12. Ethnic Tourism: This type of tourism is concerned with organizing
8. Health Tourism: The tourism which has been organized for the tour to visit many indigenous communities and native people of the
purpose of making development in area of health is the health places. It is organized to know more about the behavior and
tourism. It is most demanded tourism in the modern era. People attitudes of people who belong to different caste and religion and
visit different places for better health and refreshed mind. have differences in their festivals, living patterns and celebrations.
9. Sustainable Tourism: The tourism that emphasis on public 13. Business and leisure Tourism: Business tourism includes tourists
participation is simply known as sustainable tourism. It deals with visiting for business purpose, while travel for holidays are the
the study of carrying capacity of the earth. It is enforcing people to leisure travelers and tourism is called leisure tourism.
maintain sustainability in any part of the earth. It is useful for 1.6 Forms of Tourism:
collecting information that stress on the way of living in any
1. Domestic Tourism
environmental condition.
2. Internal Tourism
10. Historical Tourism: It focuses on visiting historically, important
i. Outbound internal tourism
places like museums, monuments, archaeological areas and so on. It
is investing to practice at historical places for collection of various ii. Inbound internal tourism
information’s about the history. Historians have specific purpose to 3. National Tourism
be involved in such tourism for finding out the fact of various 4. International Tourism

7
 Internal tourism is of two kinds they are

Internal National I. Outbound Internal Tourism: When a resident of national

Domestic visitor visit outside in his own country or cross the nation such
tourism is said to be outbound internal tourism. For e.g.
Nepalese visitor visits Goa for tour then that visit may treated as
Inbound Outbound an outbound tour for India.

II. Inbound Internal Tourism: It is the tour being performed by a

International
non-resident of country or when a foreigner is as inbound
tourism for the nation receiving the outside is called inbound.
There are four forms of tourism. Forms of tourism may define Internal tourism. For e.g. An Indian visit Pashupati temple of
periphery of its occurrences and help to recognize the scope of tourism Nepal then an Indians visits would be termed as inbound tourism
industry. for Nepal.
1. Domestic Tourism: Domestic tourism is being undertaken by a 3. National Tourism: National Tourism refers to the tours that are
residence of any country within border of any country. For e.g. being undertaken by people of a country whether it is within the boarder
when an Indian national visit any part, region or state of India then of that country or outside the country.
this tour may be treated as domestic tourism. In this tourism home or
domestic mode of transportation has been entertained, home National Tourism = Domestic Tourism + Outbound Tourism
currency has been. 4. International Tourism: International tourism refers to the tours that
are being undertaken within the periphery of nation by the resident of
2. Internal Tourism: It however sometime considered as international
that country or outsiders or other persons from other nation.
tourism. It takes place between two nations. The tourism that foster
on either domestic people or domestic place for the purpose of visit International Tourism = Domestic tourism + Inbound tourism
is called the internal tourism. For e.g. A Nepalese visits Taj Mahal
1.7 Tourism System
of Agra in India or An Indian visit Janaki Mandir in Janakpur of
Nepal.. A system is the summation of interrelated elements that work together
as a whole to achieve a desired output or a result. However the

8
 functioning of these systems may be influenced by the task or external way of traveling. It avoids the hurdles even from tourist generating
or macro environment which is the forces that directly or indirectly region and tourist destination region. It is considered as a tool for
influence the system in achieving or not achieving for its desired making tour interesting and effective. Tourist generating region or
outcome. These forces may be political, socio-cultural, legal, technical, tourism of source market, transiting region or provinces or territory,
economic environmental or physical. Provided the figure below which connects origin and destination, tourist destination region or
provides a methodological frame of reference for understanding tourism providences where tourist wishes to visit, tourists or the guest and
as a system. tourism industry are key elements that together make tour to be
External Factors pleasureful and successful like various tiny particles of a watch help it
Sectored and sub sectored serving tourist at each region to function properly and give right time to the persons. Some key
characteristics or nature or element or components of tourism system
are as follows:
Tourist departing for a tour from his region
External Factors

External Factors
Tourism Tourist i. Tourists
Generating Destination
Transiting territory of region ii. Destination region
Region Region
iii. Generating region
Tourist returning back to his origin iv. Transit region
v. Tourism Industry
Fig: Tourism as a System
vi. Micro and Macro environment
Tourism system is set of various interrelated components such as i. Tourist: Tourist is one of the crucial one. As they are the people
tourists, transit region, destination region micro and macro who belong to the traveler generating region or from where
environmental factors and tourism industry that together help to serve tourist originates their journey. Tourist involves in tourism to
the purpose of the tourism. The success or failure of any tourism system get various information about the places that is essential for
depends on the uninterrupted functioning of their complete their tour developing an effective tourism system.
and make it more pleasing and interesting. The tour organized with ii. Destination Region: It is the focus of all tourism activity
consideration of relevant system avoids barriers and disparities from the because it is where tourist actually wants to go and get
9
 attracted for making a tour more interesting; tourists must have destination region. It guides operator to work according to plan and
knowledge of the place where they start to visit. Destination is makes tour successful.
the place where they visit for serving their purposes. Without vi. Micro and Macro Environment: Micro environment is
ascertaining destination region tour becomes Ruthless. representing the forces which are available inside or nearer to
iii. Generating Reason: It is the place from. Which tour is being tourism industry. Macro environment is the composite of those
started? Determination of this region is also very important for courses which are located outside the industry. Basically, tour is
managing tourists or participants of tour as well as the things to be affected by many calamities and disasters that occur outside in
required in the way for satisfying the needs of participants. In this transit. Economic factors, socio-cultural factors, political legal
way, generating region is also considered as the important element factors, and technological factors have greater impact on tour and
of tourism system. It is the place which is considered to start tour is tourism. They are influencing tourism in many ways for easy
generation reason. political strike enforces several problems to the tourists. For e.g.:
iv. Transit Region: Transit reason is the place where is located One has the bag of money and.
between. Generating region and destination region. Organizers need 1.8 Components of Tourism
to pay attention on many things for making tour interesting in transit
Tourism involves many components which can be classified into
region. Basically, plan for managing mode of transport for
two measure sections is basic or primary component and subsidiary
facilitating the tour is prepared before by the organizer. According
component.
to that plan, tour becomes effective in transit. While considering
transit region, specialties in transit have also been pointed out. For 1. Basic or Primary Components
e.g.: Trip on mountainous region, animals has been used to move on They are the elements without which tour is impossible to indulge
place to another. and in each and every tour their presence is a most they are as
v. Tourism Industry: Tourism industry comprises all those sectors follows:
and sub sectors that exists to cater the specific need and want of the a. Transport: Tourism means movement of people and a
tourist, and is at present at all these generating region, transit region significant person of tour involves travel. Travel denoted
and destination region. Tourism industry opposed organizer, movement from one place to another place by various means
traveling agent and tour operator to organize everything which are and modes of transport. It may be air, sea, rail or road occurred
essential in the way. It facilities tourists from generating region to by airlines crush companies railways or bus operators.
10
 b. Accommodation: Tourism involves stay by non residence and participate or may not be or treated as arbitratory (team issue
to by in unusual environment. Every one seeks a place where of discussion).
they could spend their night comfortably and safely. Tourist c. Insurance and Money Change: Not all tourists may be
accommodation may be of different types starting from simple interested in taking insurance product to get insured. Which
hotel to resort, youth hotel, tent accommodation, dharamsala, they are on tour expect those who are safety and security
Yatriniwas and other accommodation offered by hospitality conscious while the money changers usefully depends upon
industry. tourist and their country of residence because only foreign
c. Attraction or Locale: Locale refers to the attraction or place tourist required to exchange their currency into an acceptable
which tourist actually want to visit and watch and participate. one to the host country.
Tourism means a visit either for leisure, business or other d. Transfer Service: Transfer service operator is also dependent
purposes that are been directed towards some natural or on the tourist choice and it is also directed by tourism whether
manmade attraction. Beside these, shopping is also treated as or not they will take the assistance of it.
important attraction for travelers.
Other Amenities and Facilities:
2. Subsidiary Components: There are the elements that may not
Facilities and amenities, Banking ability of fresh drinking water
be treated as most essential for all forms of tour but their
uninterrupted electricity supply, medical facilities which are treated as
existence will enhance the completeness of tourism process and
subsidiary components because their presence and existence enhance
pleasure of traveling. There are as follows:
the pleasure for traveling and tourist can only accept it.
a. Travel Intermediaries: These are institution and the
organization which help tourists to find their product and Characteristics of Tourism/Nature of Tourism
services that best suit their need and help to organize their tour. 1. Tourism is a summation of different phenomenon
However they are not all tourists may be in taking packing the 2. It is an activity undertaken by non-resident
assistance of taking this organization either by sake of the
3. It is an activity of temporary nature
interest budget, choice and belief or necessity.
4. It is both dynamic and static
b. Shopping and Entertainment: It is defined as the secondary
because these are the activities that a tourist may prefer to 5. It is a systematic activity

11
Some key Characteristics of Tourism are as Follows environment. Organizer manages the required facilities to make
tour interesting with consideration of environmental change. It is
1. Tourism is a Summation of Different Phenomena: Tourism as
also static in the sense of requirements of vehicles, travelers,
different phenomena involves a number of elements like travel,
organizer and so forth.
work related to and to move outside his/her home or community
for leisure. Person or tourist needs a place to study. Tourism also 5. It is a Systematic Activity: Tourism is a systematic activity. It
includes relaxation and enjoyment, shopping entertainments which starts from tour generating region and ends till the travelers don’t
are being followed during the step. Many other elements like tour return back to the home. Several activities have to be undertakes
generating region, destination region, transit region environmental systematically to make tour effective. Organizer ascertains even
forces, number of tourists together make tourism effective and transit region, destination region and managing various resources
successful. such as foodstuffs, hotel, vehicles, drinking water facilities,
medical facility if necessary as per the requirements. These all
2. It is an Activity Undertaken by Non-Residents: Tourism means
activities are systematically performed to serve the purpose of
an activity that is being undertaken by a non-resident of a
tourism. Thus, it is a systematic process.
destination. This is the character that distinguishes tourism from
similar daily activities undertaken at home. Like playing a game,
swimming or watching, or participating in neighborhood fair are
all treated simply as recreational activities. While the same activity
if undertaken outside ones destination. It becomes means of
tourism.
3. It is an Activity of Temporary Nature: Tourism means a
temporary nature: Tourism means a temporary short-term
movement of people where the person who undertakes the tour
cannot stay at the destination permanently rather he/she must get
back to his/her home within a maximum period of 12 months.

4. It is Both Dynamic and Static: Tourism is both dynamic and

static in nature. It is highly influenced by change in the
12