NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

CBSE NCERT Solutions for Class 9 mathematics Chapter 7

Exercise

Q.1. In quadrilateral ACBD, AC=AD and AB bisects ∠A (see given figure). Show that △ABC≅△ABD. What can you say
about BC and BD?

Solution:

Given: AC=AD and AB bisects ∠A.

In △ABD and △ABC, ∠DAB=∠CAB (AB is a bisector of ∠CAD) AD=AC (Given) AB=AB (Common
side) ∴△ABC≅△ABD (By SAS rule) ∴BD=BC (By C.P.C.T) Hence, BC and BD are of equal length.

Q.2. ABCD is a quadrilateral in which AD=BC and ∠DAB=∠CBA (see given figure). Prove that △ABD≅△BAC.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Solution:

Given: AD=BC and ∠DAB=∠CBA.

In △BAC and △ABD, BC=AD (Given) ∠CBA=∠DAB (Given) BA=AB (Common side)
Hence, △ABD≅△BAC (By SAS congruency rule)

Q.3. ABCD is a quadrilateral in which AD=BC and ∠DAB=∠CBA (see given figure). Prove that BD=AC.

Solution:

Given: AD=BC and ∠DAB=∠CBA.

In △BAC and △ABD, BC=AD (Given) ∠CBA=∠DAB (Given) BA=AB (Common side)
△ABD≅△BAC (By SAS congruency rule) Therefore, BD=AC (corresponding parts of congruent triangles)

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Q.4. ABCD is a quadrilateral in which AD=BC and ∠DAB=∠CBA (see given figure). Prove that ∠ABD=∠BAC.

Solution:

Given: AD=BC and ∠DAB=∠CBA.

In △BAC and △ABD, BC=AD (Given) ∠CBA=∠DAB (Given) BA=AB (Common side)
△ABD≅△BAC (By SAS congruency rule) Therefore, ∠ABD=∠BAC (corresponding parts of congruent
triangles)

Q.5. AD and BC are equal perpendiculars to a line segment AB (see given figure). Show that CD bisects AB.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Solution:

Given: AD and BC are equal perpendiculars to a line segment AB.

So, AD=BC and ∠DAO=∠CBO=90° In △AOD and △BOC, AD=BC (Given) ∠AOD=∠BOC
(Vertically opposite angles) ∠DAO=∠CBO=90° ∴△AOD≅△BOC (By AAS rule) BO=AO (By CPCT) CD
bisects AB. Therefore, CD bisects AB.

Q.6. l and m are two parallel lines intersected by another pair of parallel lines p and q (see given figure). Show that
△ABC≅△CDA.

Solution:

Given, AB∥DC and AD∥BC.

In △CDA and △ABC, ∠DCA=∠BAC (Alternate interior angles of parallel lines, AB and DC) CA=AC
(Common side) ∠DAC=∠BCA (Alternate interior angles of parallel lines, AD and BC)
∴△ABC≅△CDA (By ASA rule)

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Q.7. Line l is the bisector of an angle ∠A and B is any point on l. BP and BQ are perpendiculars from B to the arms of ∠A. Show
that△APB≅△AQB.

Solution:

Given, BP and BQ are perpendiculars from B to the arms of ∠A.

So, ∠AQB=∠APB=90° In △AQB and △APB, AB=AB (Common side) ∠AQB=∠APB ∠QAB=∠PAB ( l is
the bisector of ∠A) Therefore, △APB≅△AQB (By AAS rule)

Q.8. Line l is the bisector of an angle ∠A and B is any point on l. BP and BQ are perpendiculars from B to the arms of ∠A (see
given figure). Show that
BP=BQ or B is equidistant from the arms of ∠A.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Solution:

In ∆AQB and ∆APB,

AB=AB (Common)
∠AQB=∠APB= 90o
∠QAB=∠PAB ( l is the bisector of ∠A)
Therefore, ∆APB≅∆AQB (By AAS rule)
∴BQ=BP (By CPCT).

Q.9. In figure shown, AC=AE, AB=AD and ∠BAD=∠EAC. Show that BC=DE.

Solution: Given figure:

We have: AB=AD, AC=AE and ∠BAD=∠CAE

Now, adding ∠DAC on both sides, we have, ∠EAC+∠DAC=∠BAD+∠DAC ⇒∠DAE=∠BAC Now, in

∆DAE and ∆BAC, AD=AB (Given) ∠DAE=∠BAC (We proved) AC=AE (Given) ⇒∆DAE≅∆BAC (By
SAS) Therefore, DE=BC (by CPCT)

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Q.10. AB is a line segment and P is its mid-point. D and E are points on the same side of AB such that ∠BAD=∠ABE and
∠EPA=∠DPB as shown in figure. Show that ∆DAP≅∆EBP.

Solution:

Given: P is the mid-point of AB and ∠DPB=∠EPA

Adding ∠DPE both sides, we get, ∠DPB+∠DPE=∠EPA+∠DPE ⇒∠DPA=∠EPB In ∆DAP and ∆EBP, we
have ∠DAP=∠EBP (Given) AP=BP ( P is the mid-point of AB) ∠DPA=∠EPB (We proved)
⇒∆DAP≅∆EBP (by ASA congruence test)

Q.11. AB is a line segment and P is its mid-point. D and E are points on the same side of AB such that ∠BAD=∠ABE and
∠EPA=∠DPB as shown in figure. Show that AD=BE.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Solution: Given figure:

Given: ∠DPB=∠EPA Adding ∠DPE both sides, we get, ⇒∠DPB+∠DPE=∠EPA+∠DPE ⇒∠DPA=∠EPB In

∆DAP and ∆EBP, ∠DAP=∠EBP (given) AP=BP ( P is mid-point of AB) ∠DPA=∠EPB (proved)
Hence, ∆DAP≅∆EBP (by ASA rule) Therefore, AD=BE (by CPCT)

Q.12. In right triangle ABC, right-angled at C, M is the midpoint of hypotenuse AB. C is joined to M and produced to a point D
such that DM=CM. Point D is joined to point B as shown in figure. Show that ∆AMC≅∆BMD.

Solution: Given figure:

Given: DM=CM In ∆AMC and ∆BMD, AM=BM ( M is a mid-point of AB) ∠AMC=∠BMD (vertically
opposite angles) CM=DM (given) ∴ ∆AMC≅∆BMD (by SAS rule)

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Q.13. In right triangle ABC, right angled at C, M is the midpoint of hypotenuse AB. C is joined to M and produced to a point
D such that DM=CM. Point D is joined to point B as shown in figure. Show that ∠DBC is a right angle.

Solution: Given figure:

Given: M is the mid-point of AB. ⇒AM=BM and DM=CM In ∆AMC and ∆BMD, AM=BM (given)
∠AMC=∠BMD (vertically opposite angles) CM=DM (given) ⇒∆AMC≅∆BMD (by SAS congruence test)
⇒∠ACM=∠BDM (by CPCT) Here, ∠ACM and ∠BDM are alternate angles. ⇒AC∥DB
⇒∠ACB+∠DBC=180o (co-interior angles) Also, it is given that ∠ACB=90° ⇒90°+∠DBC=180o
∴ ∠DBC=90°.

Q.14. In right triangle ABC, right-angled at C, M is the midpoint of hypotenuse AB. C is joined to M and produced to a point D
such that DM=CM. Point D is joined to point B as shown in figure. Show that ∆DBC≅∆ACB.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Solution: Given figure:

In ∆BMD and ∆AMC, BM=AM ( M is mid-point of AB) ∠BMD=∠AMC (vertically opposite angles)
DM=CM (given) ∆BMD≅∆AMC (by SAS rule) ⇒BD=AC (by CPCT) ∠BDM=∠ACM (by CPCT)
Here, ∠BDM and ∠ACM are alternate angles. ⇒DB∥AC (alternate angles are equal) ⇒∠DBC+∠ACB=180o
⇒∠DBC+90o=180o (co-interior angles) ⇒∠DBC=90o In ∆DBC and ∆ACB, DB=AC (proved)
∠DBC=∠ACB=90° CB=BC (common) ∴ ∆DBC≅∆ACB (by SAS rule)

Q.15. In right triangle ABC, right-angled at C, M is the midpoint of hypotenuse AB. C is joined to M and produced to a point D
such that DM=CM. Point D is joined to point B as shown in figure. Show that CM=12AB.

Solution: Given figure:

In ∆BMD and ∆AMC, BM=AM ( M is mid-point) ∠BMD=∠AMC (vertically opposite angles)

DM=CM (given) ∆BMD≅∆AMC (by SAS rule) ⇒BD=AC (by CPCT) ∠BDM=∠ACM (by CPCT)
Here, ∠BDM and ∠ACM are alternate angles. ⇒DB∥AC (alternate angles are equal) ⇒∠DBC+∠ACB=180o
⇒∠DBC+90o=180o (co-interior angles) ⇒∠DBC=90o Now, in ∆DBC and ∆ACB, DB=AC (proved)
∠DBC=∠ACB=90o CB=BC (common) ∆DBC≅∆ACB (by SAS rule) ⇒AB=DC (by CPCT)
⇒AB=CM+DM ⇒AB=CM+CM CM=DM ⇒AB=2CM Therefore, CM=12AB.

Q.16. In an isosceles triangle ABC, with AB=AC, the bisectors of ∠B and ∠C intersect each other at O. Join A to O. Show
that: OB=OC.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Solution: An isosceles triangle is a triangle with two equal sides.

Given: AB=AC

⇒∠ACB=∠ABC (Angles opposite to equal sides of a triangle are equal) ⇒12∠ACB=12∠ABC

⇒∠OCB=∠OBC ⇒OB=OC (Sides opposite to equal angles of a triangle are equal) Therefore, OB=OC.

Q.17. In an isosceles triangle ABC, with AB=AC, the bisectors of ∠B and ∠C intersect each other at O. Join A to O. Show
that: AO bisects ∠A.

Solution: Given figure:

Given: AB=AC

⇒∠ACB=∠ABC (Angles opposite to equal sides of a triangle are equal) ⇒12∠ACB=12∠ABC

⇒∠OCB=∠OBC ⇒OB=OC (Sides opposite to equal angles of a triangle are equal)

In ΔOAB and ΔOAC

OA=OA (Common)

AB=AC (Given) OB=OC (Proved) ∴ΔOAB≅ΔOAC (By SSS congruency rule) ⇒∠BAO=∠CAO (By CPCT)
Therefore, AO bisects ∠A.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Q.18. In ΔABC, AD is the perpendicular bisector of BC as shown in figure. Show that Δ ABC is an isosceles triangle in which
AB=AC.

Solution: Given figure:

AD is the perpendicular bisector of BC. In Δ ADB and Δ ADC, AD=AD (Common) ∠ADB=∠ADC=90°
BD=CD ( AD is the perpendicular bisector of BC) ⇒ΔADB≅ΔADC (by SAS rule) ⇒AB=AC (by CPCT)
∴ ΔABC is an isosceles triangle in which AB=AC.

Q.19. ABC is an isosceles triangle in which altitudes BE and CF are drawn to equal sides AC and AB respectively as shown in
figure. Show that these altitudes are equal.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Solution: Given figure:

△ABC is an isosceles triangle. ⇒AC=AB In ΔAFC and ΔAEB, ∠AFC=∠AEB=90° ∠A=∠A (Common
angle) ⇒ΔAFC≅ΔAEB (by AAS congruence test) ⇒CF=BE (by CPCT) Hence, the altitudes of a given triangle
are equal.

Q.20. ABC is a triangle in which altitudes BE and CF to sides AC and AB are equal as shown in figure. Show that ΔAFC≅ΔAEB.

Solution: Given figure,

In ΔAFC and ΔAEB, ∠AFC=∠AEB=90° BE⊥AC and CF⊥AB ∠A=∠A (Common angle) CF=BE (Given)
Therefore, ΔAFC≅ΔAEB (by AAS congruence)

Q.21. ABC is a triangle in which altitudes BE and CF to sides AC and AB are equal as shown in figure. Show that AB=AC, i.e.
ABC is an isosceles triangle.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Solution: Given figure:

Given: BE=CF In Δ AFC and Δ AEB, ∠AFC=∠AEB=90° [BE⊥AC and CF⊥AB] ∠A=∠A (Common)
CF=BE (Given) ΔAFC≅ΔAEB (By AAS rule) ⇒AB=AC (By CPCT) Hence, ABC is an isosceles triangle.

Q.22. ABC and DBC are two isosceles triangles on the same base BC as shown in the figure. Show that ∠ABD=∠ACD.

Solution: Given figure:

ABC and DBC are two isosceles triangles on the same base BC. In ΔABC, we have AC=AB (From definition
of an isosceles triangle) ∴∠ABC=∠ACB ....(i) Again in ∆BDC, DC=BD (From definition of an isosceles
triangle) ∴∠CBD=∠BCD ....(ii) Adding (i) and (ii), we get ∠ABC+∠CBD=∠ACB+∠BCD ⇒∠ABD=∠ACD
Therefore, ∠ABD=∠ACD.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Q.23. ΔABC is an isosceles triangle in which AB=AC. Side BA is produced to D such that AD=AB as shown in figure. Show that
∠BCD is a right angle.

Solution: From the given figure, we have

AB=AC and AD=AB ⇒AC=AD Therefore, in ΔABC, we have ∠ABC+∠ACB+∠BAC=180°

Also, ∠ABC=∠ACB (angles opposite to equal sides of a triangle are equal) ⇒2∠ACB+∠BAC=180° ....(i)
Similarly in ∆ACD, ∠ADC+∠ACD+∠CAD=180° Also, ∠ADC=∠ACD (angles opposite to equal sides of a
triangle are equal) ⇒2∠ACD+∠CAD=180° ....(ii) Adding (i) and (ii), we get
2∠ACB+∠BAC+2∠ACD+∠CAD=180°+180° ⇒2[∠ACB+∠ACD]+∠BAC+∠CAD=360°

Here, ∠BAC and ∠CAD forms a linear pair. The Linear Pair Postulate states: "If two angles form a linear pair,
then the angles are supplementary or 180°."

⇒2∠BCD+180°=360°

⇒2∠BCD=360°–180°=180° ⇒∠BCD=180°2=90° Therefore, ∠BCD=90°

Q.24. ABC is a right angled triangle in which ∠A=90o and AB=AC. Find ∠B and ∠C.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Solution: Given: AB=AC and ∠A=90°

⇒∠C=∠B (Angles opposite to equal sides are equal) In Δ ABC, Angle sum property of triangle states that
the sum of interior angles of a triangle is 180°. ⇒∠A+∠B+∠C=180o
⇒90°+∠B+∠B=180° ∠A=90°, ∠C=∠B
⇒2∠B=180°-90°
⇒2∠B=90°
⇒∠B=45°
⇒∠B=∠C=45° Hence, ∠B=45°, ∠C=45°.

Q.25. Show that the angles of an equilateral triangle are 60o each.

Solution:

Let us consider that ABC is an equilateral triangle.

We know that, In an equilateral triangle, all the angles are equal. ⇒∠A=∠B=∠C Angle sum
property of triangle states that the sum of interior angles of a triangle is 180° ⇒∠A+∠B+∠C=180o
⇒3∠A=180o
⇒∠A=60o
⇒∠A=∠B=∠C=60o Hence, each angle of an equilateral triangle is 60°.

Q.26. ΔABCand ΔDBC are two isosceles triangles on the same base BC and vertices A and D are on the same side of BC as
shown in figure. If AD is extended to intersect BC at P, show that ∆ABD≅∆ACD.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Solution:

In Δ ABD and ∆ACD,

AB=AC (Given)
BD=CD (Given)
AD=AD (Common side)

SSS criteria states that, "if three sides of one triangle are equal to three sides of another triangle, the triangles
are congruent."

∴∆ABD≅∆ACD

Q.27. ΔABC and ΔDBC are two isosceles triangles on the same base BC and vertices A and D are on the same side of BC as
shown in figure. If AD is extended to intersect BC at P, show that ∆ABP≅∆ACP.

Solution: Given figure:

In ∆ABP and ∆ACP,

AB=AC (given) ∠BAP=∠CAP (By CPCT) AP=AP (common) ∴∆ABP≅∆ACP (by SAS rule)

Q.28. ΔABC and ΔDBC are two isosceles triangles on the same base BC and vertices A and D are on the same side of BC as
shown in figure. If AD is extended to intersect BC at P, show that AP bisects ∠A as well as ∠D.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Solution: Given figure:

In ΔACD and ∆ABD,

AC=AB (given) CD=BD (given) AD=AD (common) ∴∆ABD≅∆ACD (by SSS rule) ⇒∠BAD=∠CAD (by
CPCT) ⇒∠BAP=∠CAP Therefore, AP bisects ∠A.

In ∆ACP and ∆ABP,

AC=AB (given)

∠CAP=∠BAP (By CPCT) AP=AP (common) ∴∆ACP≅∆ABP (by SAS rule) ⇒CP=BP (by CPCT) Now, in
∆CDP and ∆BDP, CD=BD (given) DP=DP (common) CP=BP (P is the mid-point of BC) ∆CDP≅∆BDP (by
SSS rule) ⇒∠BDP=∠CDP (by CPCT) Therefore, AP bisects ∠D.

Q.29. ΔABC and ΔDBC are two isosceles triangles on the same base BC and vertices A and D are on the same side of BC as
shown in figure. If AD is extended to intersect BC at P, show that AP is the perpendicular bisector of BC.

Solution: Given figure:

In ΔACD and ∆ABD, AC=AB (given) CD=BD (given) AD=AD (common) ∴∆ABD≅∆ACD (by SSS rule)
⇒∠BAD=∠CAD (by CPCT) ⇒∠BAP=∠CAP ⇒AP bisects ∠A

In ∆ACP and ∆ABP,

AC=AB (given)

∠CAP=∠BAP (proved) AP=AP (common) ∴∆ACP≅∆ABP (by SAS rule) ⇒CP=BP (by CPCT) Now, in
∆CDP and ∆BDP, CD=BD (given) DP=DP (common) CP=BP (proved) ∆CDP≅∆BDP (by SSS rule)
⇒∠CPD=∠BPD (by CPCT) Now, ∠CPD+∠BPD=180° (linear pair angles) ⇒∠BPD+∠BPD=180°
⇒2∠BPD=180° ⇒∠BPD=90° Therefore, AP bisects ∠A and ∠BPD=90°. Hence, AP is the perpendicular
bisector of BC.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Q.30. AD is an altitude of an isosceles triangle ABC in which AB=AC. Show that AD bisects BC.

Solution: Consider the below isosceles triangle ABC with an altitude AD.

Given: ∆ABC is an isosceles triangle in which AB=AC In ∆CADand ∆BAD, ∠ADC=∠ADB =90° AC=AB
(given) AD=AD (common side) ⇒∆CAD≅∆BAD (by RHS congruence test) Hence, BD=CD ∴AD bisects
BC

Q.31. AD is an altitude of an isosceles triangle ABC in which AB=AC. Show that AD bisects ∠A.

Solution: Given figure:

Given: AB=AC In ∆CAD and ∆BAD, ∠ADB=∠ADC=90° AC=AB (given) AD=AD (common)
∆CAD≅∆BAD (by RHS rule) ⇒∠BAD=∠CAD (by CPCT) Hence, AD bisects ∠A.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Q.32. Two sides AB and BC and median AM of one triangle ABC are respectively equal to sides PQ and QR and median PN of
∆PQR as shown in figure. Show that ∆ABC≅∆PQN.

Solution: Given figure:

Given: AB=PQ, BC=QR and AM=PN. In ∆ABC, AM is median to BC ⇒12BC=BM In ∆PQR, PN is median to
QR ⇒12QR=QN BC=QR (given) ⇒12BC=12QR ⇒BM=QN In ∆ABM and ∆PQN, AB=PQ (given)
BM=QN (proved) AM=PN (given) ∴∆ABM≅∆PQN (by SSS rule).

Q.33. Two sides AB and BC and median AM of one triangle ABC are respectively equal to sides PQ and QR and median PN of
∆PQR as shown in figure. Show that ∆ABC≅∆PQR

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Solution: Given figure:

Given: AB=PQ, BC=QR and AM=PN. In ∆ABC, AM is median to BC ⇒12BC=BM In ∆PQR, PN is median to
QR ⇒12QR=QN We have, BC=QR ⇒12BC=12QR ⇒BM=QN ....1 In ∆ABM and ∆PQN, AB=PQ (given)
BM=QN (from equation 1) AM=PN (given) ∴∆ABM≅∆PQN (by SSS rule) ⇒∠ABM=∠PQN (by CPCT)
⇒∠ABC=∠PQR ....2 In ∆ABC and ∆PQR, BC=QR (given) AB=PQ (given) ∠ABC=∠PQR (from equation 2)
Therefore, ∆ABC≅∆PQR (by SAS rule).

Q.34. BE and CF are two equal altitudes of a triangle ABC. Using RHS congruence rule, prove that the triangle ABC is isosceles.

Solution: Given: CF=BE

In ∆CFB and ∆BEC, ∠CFB=∠BEC=90° CB=BC (common) CF=BE (given) ∴∆CFB≅∆BEC (by RHS rule)
⇒∠BCE=∠CBF (by CPCT) ⇒AB=AC (sides opposite to equal angles of a triangle are equal) ∴∆ABC is
isosceles.

Q.35. ABC is an isosceles triangle with AB=AC. Draw AP⊥BC to show that ∠B=∠C.

Solution: Given: AB=AC

In ∆APB and ∆APC, ∠APB=∠APC=90° AB=AC (given) AP=AP (common) ∴ ∆APB≅∆APC (by RHS rule)
⇒∠B=∠C (by CPCT) Therefore, ∠B=∠C.

Q.36. Show that in a right-angled triangle, the hypotenuse is the longest side.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Solution: Let us consider a triangle ABC, right-angled at B.

In ∆ABC, ∠A+∠B+∠C=180° (angle sum property of triangle) ⇒∠A+90°+∠C=180° ⇒∠A+∠C=90° Hence,

the other two angles have to be acute. Therefore,∠B is the larger angle in ∆ABC. ⇒∠B>∠A and ∠B>∠C
⇒AC>BC and AC>AB (In any triangle, the side opposite to the larger angle is longer) So, AC is the largest
side in ∆ABC. But AC is the hypotenuse of ∆ABC. Therefore, hypotenuse is the largest side in a right-angled
triangle.

Q.37. In figure shown below, sides AB and AC of ∆ABC are extended to points P and Q respectively. Also, ∠PBC<∠QCB. Show
that AC>AB.

Solution: Given figure:

Given: ∠PBC<∠QCB. In the given figure, ∠ABC+∠PBC=180° (Linear pair) ⇒∠ABC=180°-∠PBC ....1
∠ACB+∠QCB=180° (Linear pair) ⇒∠ACB=180°-∠QCB ....2 As, ∠PBC<∠QCB ⇒180°-∠PBC>180°-∠QCB
⇒∠ABC>∠ACB (from equations 1 and 2) ⇒AC>AB (side opposite to greater angle is greater)
Hence, AC>AB.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Q.38. In figure shown below, ∠B<∠A and ∠C<∠D. Show that AD<BC.

Solution: Given: ∠B<∠A and ∠C<∠D.

In ∆AOB, ∠B<∠A ⇒AO<BO (side opposite to smaller angle is smaller) ....(1) In ∆COD, ∠C<∠D ⇒OD<OC
(Side opposite to smaller angle is smaller) ....2 On adding equation 1 and 2, we get, AO+OD<BO+OC
⇒AD<BC Therefore, AD<BC.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Q.39. AB and CD are respectively the smallest and longest sides of a quadrilateral ABCD as shown in figure. Show that ∠A>∠C
and ∠B>∠D.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Solution: Let us join AC.

In ∆ABC,

AB<BC ( AB is the smaller side) ⇒∠2<∠1 (angle opposite to smaller side is smaller) ....1 In ∆ADC, AD<CD (
CD is the largest side) ⇒∠4<∠3 (angle opposite to smaller side is smaller) ....2 On adding equations 1 and 2,
we get, ∠2+∠4<1∠+∠3 ⇒∠C<∠A ⇒∠A>∠C

Let us join BD.

In ∆ABD,

AB<AD ( AB is the smaller side) ⇒∠8<∠5 (angle opposite to smaller side is smaller) ....3 In ∆BDC,
BC<CD (CD is the larger side) ⇒∠7<∠6 ( angle opposite to smaller side is smaller) ....4 On adding equations 3
and 4, we get, ∠8+∠7<∠5+∠6 ⇒∠D<∠B ⇒∠B>∠D Hence, ∠A>∠C and ∠B>∠D.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Q.40. In shown figure, PR>PQ and PS bisects ∠QPR. Prove that ∠PSR>∠PSQ.

Solution: Given figure:

Given: PR>PQ ⇒∠PQR>∠PRQ (angle opposite to larger side is larger) ....1 PS is the bisector of ∠QPR.
∴∠QPS=∠RPS ....2 Now, ∠PSR is the exterior angle of ∆PQS. ∴∠PSR=∠PQR+∠QPS ....3 Now, ∠PSQ is
the exterior angle of ∆PRS. ∴∠PSQ=∠PRQ+∠RPS ....4 Now, adding equations 1 and 2, we get
∠PQR+∠QPS>∠PRQ+∠RPS ⇒∠PSR>∠PSQ (using equations 3 and 4) Therefore, ∠PSR>∠PSQ.

Q.41. Show that of all line segments drawn from a given point not on it, the perpendicular line segment is the shortest.

Solution: Consider the below figure:

In ∆PNM, ∠N=90°

Now, ∠P+∠N+∠M=180° (angle sum property of a triangle) ⇒∠P+90°+∠M=180° ⇒∠P+∠M=90°

Clearly, ∠M is an acute angle. ∴∠M<∠N ⇒PN<PM (side opposite to smaller angle is smaller) Similarly, by
drawing different line segments from P to l, it can be proved that PN is smaller in comparison to them. So, we
may observe that of all line segments drawn from a given point not on it, the perpendicular line segment is the
shortest.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Q.42. ABC is a triangle. Locate a point in the interior of ∆ABC which is equidistant from all the vertices of ∆ABC.

Solution: Circumcenter is equidistant from all the vertices of the triangle.

Circumcenter is the point of intersection of the perpendicular bisectors of the triangle.

By drawing perpendicular bisectors of sides AB, BC and CA of this triangle, we can find circumcenter of
∆ABC.

O is the point where these bisectors are meeting together. Therefore, O is a point which is equidistant from all
the vertices of ∆ABC.

Q.43. In a triangle locate a point in its interior which is equidistant from all the sides of the triangle.

Solution: Incentre of triangle is the point which is equidistant from all the sides of a triangle.

The intersection point of angular bisectors of interior angles of the triangle is called incentre of triangle.

We can find incenter of ∆ABC by drawing angular bisectors of interior angles of this triangle. All the
angular bisectors are intersecting each other at point I. Therefore, I is equidistant from all the sides of ∆ABC.

Q.44. In a huge park, people are concentrated at three points as shown in the figure.
A: Where there are different slides and swings for children.
B: near which a man made lake is situated.
C: Which is near to a large parking and exit.
Where should an ice-cream parlor be set up so that maximum number of persons can approach it?

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Solution: Circumcenter is equidistant from all the vertices of the triangle.

Circumcenter is the point of intersection of the perpendicular bisectors of the triangle.

Ice-cream parlor must be set up at circumcentre of ∆ABC.

In this situation maximum number of persons can approach to it. Circumcentre O of this triangle can be found by
drawing perpendicular bisectors of sides of this triangle.

Q.45. Complete the hexagonal and star-shaped rangolis by filling them with as many equilateral triangles of side 1 cm as you can.
Count the number of triangles in each case. Which has more triangles?

Solution: Given hexagonal rangoli:

It can be observed that hexagonal shaped rangoli has 6 equilateral triangles in it.
Area of ∆OAB=34(side)2=34×52
=2534 cm2
Area of hexagonal shaped rangoli =6×2534=7532 cm2
Area of equilateral triangle of side 1 cm=3412=34 cm2
∴ Number of equilateral triangles of 1 cm side that can be filled in this hexagonal shaped rangoli=753234
=150 Therefore, Number of equilateral triangles of 1 cm side that can be filled in this hexagonal shaped
rangoli =150

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

Q.46. Complete the hexagonal and star shaped rangolis by filling them with as many equilateral triangles of side 1 cm as you can.
Count the number of triangles in each case. Which has more triangles?

Solution: Star shaped rangoli has 12 equilateral triangles of side 5 cm in it.

We know that, area of an equilateral triangle with side a =34a2

Therefore, area of star shaped rangoli =12×34×52=753 Number of equilateral triangle of 1cm side that can be
filled in this star shaped rangoli =75334 =300 So, star shaped rangoli has 300 equilateral triangles in it.

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NCERT Mathematics Grade 9 Chapter 7 Triangles

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