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File Handling in PHP

The document discusses file handling functions in PHP including fopen() to open files, fclose() to close files, feof() to check for end of file, fgets() to read a file line by line, and fgetc() to read a file character by character.

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babu44667788
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24 views

File Handling in PHP

The document discusses file handling functions in PHP including fopen() to open files, fclose() to close files, feof() to check for end of file, fgets() to read a file line by line, and fgetc() to read a file character by character.

Uploaded by

babu44667788
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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File Handling in PHP

The fopen() function is used to open files in PHP.

Opening a File
The fopen() function is used to open files in PHP.

The first parameter of this function contains the name of the file to be opened and the
second parameter specifies in which mode the file should be opened:

<html>
<body>

<?php
$file=fopen("welcome.txt","r");
?>

</body>
</html>

The file may be opened in one of the following modes:

Modes Description
r Read only. Starts at the beginning of the file
r+ Read/Write. Starts at the beginning of the file
w Write only. Opens and clears the contents of file; or creates a new file
if it doesn't exist
w+ Read/Write. Opens and clears the contents of file; or creates a new file
if it doesn't exist
a Append. Opens and writes to the end of the file or creates a new file if
it doesn't exist
a+ Read/Append. Preserves file content by writing to the end of the file
x Write only. Creates a new file. Returns FALSE and an error if file
already exists
x+ Read/Write. Creates a new file. Returns FALSE and an error if file
already exists

Note: If the fopen() function is unable to open the specified file, it returns 0 (false).

Example
The following example generates a message if the fopen() function is unable to open the
specified file:

<html>
<body>

<?php
$file=fopen("welcome.txt","r") or exit("Unable to open file!");
?>

</body>
</html>

Closing a File
The fclose() function is used to close an open file:

<?php
$file = fopen("test.txt","r");

//some code to be executed

fclose($file);
?>

Check End-of-file
The feof() function checks if the "end-of-file" (EOF) has been reached.

The feof() function is useful for looping through data of unknown length.

Note: You cannot read from files opened in w, a, and x mode!

if (feof($file)) echo "End of file";

Reading a File Line by Line


The fgets() function is used to read a single line from a file.
Note: After a call to this function the file pointer has moved to the next line.

Example

The example below reads a file line by line, until the end of file is reached:

<?php
$file = fopen("welcome.txt", "r") or exit("Unable to open file!");
//Output a line of the file until the end is reached
while(!feof($file))
{
echo fgets($file). "<br />";
}
fclose($file);
?>

Reading a File Character by Character


The fgetc() function is used to read a single character from a file.

Note: After a call to this function the file pointer moves to the next character.

Example

The example below reads a file character by character, until the end of file is reached:

<?php
$file=fopen("welcome.txt","r") or exit("Unable to open file!");
while (!feof($file))
{
echo fgetc($file);
}
fclose($file);
?>

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