Introduction to Computers

Discovering
Computers
Your Interactive Guide
to the Digital World
Objectives Overview

Define the term,

Explain why computer
computer, and describe Describe the five
literacy is vital to
the relationship components of a
success in today’s
between data and computer
world
information

Discuss the advantages

Define the term,
and disadvantages that Discuss the uses of the
network, and identify
users experience when Internet and World
benefits of sharing
working with Wide Web
resources on a network
computers

See Page 3 2
Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
for Detailed Objectives
Objectives Overview

Distinguish between system Differentiate among types, Describe the role of each
software and application sizes, and functions of element in an information
software computers in each category system

Explain how home users, Discuss how society uses

small office/home office computers in education,
users, mobile users, power finance, government,
users, and enterprise users health care, science,
each interact with publishing, travel, and
computers manufacturing

See Page 3 3
Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
for Detailed Objectives
A World of Computers

• Computers are everywhere

Pages 4 - 5 4
Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Figure 1-1
A World of Computers (Cont.)

Computers are used by billions of people to

communicate.
- Customers correspond with business.
- Employees with other employees
and customers.
- Students with classmates and teachers.
- Family members and military personal
with friends.

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A World of Computers (Cont.)

People use computers for

entertainments.
- Sending simple notes.
- Sharing photos and stories.
- Drawings.
- Documents, Calendars and Journals.
- Music and videos.
- Reading books and magazines.
- Planning.
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A World of Computers (Cont.)

People use computers to access to

information from around the globe.
- Local & national news.
- Weather reports.
- Sports scores.
- Airline schedules.
- Telephone directories, map and direction.
- Form of educational material.

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Computer Literacy / Digital Literacy

Computer
Literacy:
Having a current
knowledge and
understanding
of computers
and their uses

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What Is a Computer?

• A computer is an electronic device,

operating under the control of instructions
stored in its own memory

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What Is a Computer?

• Information Processing Cycle.

- Computers process data (input)
into information (output).
- Computers carry out processes
using instructions.
•Collects data
(input)
•Processing
•Produces information (output)
Information Processing Cycle
Page 6 Discovering Computers : Chapter 1 10
What Is a Computer?

Page 6 11
Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Figure 1-2
The Components of a Computer

• A computer contains many electric, electronic, and

mechanical components known as hardware
Input Device •Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer

Output
•Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people
Device

System Unit •Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that are used to
process data

Storage •Records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items to and from storage media
Device

Communications •Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information to and
Device from one or more computers or mobile devices

Pages 6 - 8 Discovering Computers : Chapter 1 12

The Components of a Computer

Common computer hardware components include a keyboard, mouse, microphone,

scanner, Web cam, printer, monitor, speakers, system unit,
hard disk drive, external hard disk, optical disc drive(s), USB flash drive,
card reader/writer, memory cards, and modem.
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Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Figure 1-3
Advantages and Disadvantages
of Using Computers
Advantages of Disadvantages of
Using Computers Using Computers
Speed Health Risks

Reliability Violation of Privacy

Consistency Public Safety

Storage Impact on Labor Force

Communications Impact on Environment

Pages 9 - 10 14
Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Advantages and Disadvantages
of Using Computers
• Green computing involves reducing
the electricity consumed and environmental
waste generated when using a computer.
• Strategies include:
⮚ Recycling.
⮚ Regulating manufacturing processes.
⮚ Extending the life of computers.
⮚ Immediately donating or properly disposing
of replaced computers.
Page 10 Discovering Computers : Chapter 1 15
Networks and the Internet

• A network is a
collection of computers
and devices connected
together, often
wirelessly, via
communications
devices and
transmission media

Pages 10 - 11 16
Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Figure 1-6
Networks and the Internet

• The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that

connects millions of businesses, government agencies,
educational institutions, and individuals

Page 11 17
Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Figure 1-7
Networks and the Internet

• People use the Internet for a variety of reasons:

•Communicate

•Research and Access Information

•Shop

•Bank and Invest

•Online Trading

•Entertainment

•Download Videos

•Share Information

•Web Application
Pages 12 - 13 18
Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Figure 1-8
Networks and the Internet

• A social networking Web site encourages

members to share their interests, ideas, stories,
photos, music, and videos with other registered
users

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Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Figure 1-9
Computer Software

• Software, also called a program, tells the

computer what tasks to perform and how to
perform them
•System Software
•Operating system
•Utility program
•Application Software
•Word, Excel, Google Chrome,
Presentation

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Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Figures 1-10 - 1-11
Computer Software

• Installing is the process of setting up software to

work with the computer, printer, and other
hardware

Pages 16 - 17 21
Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Figure 1-12
Installing and Running
a Computer Program.

Step 1 : INSTALL
When you insert a program disc,
such as a photo editing program,
in the optical disc drive
for the first time, the computer
beings the procedure of installing
the program on the hard disk.

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 Installing and Running
a Computer Program (Cont.)

Step 2 : RUN
Once installed,
you can instruct
the computer
to run the program.
The computer transfers instructions
from the hard disk
to memory.

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 Installing and Running
a Computer Program (Cont.)

Step 3 : USE
The program executes
so that you can use it.
This program enables you
to edit photos.

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Last Session

• Network and Internet

• Computer Software

• Categories of Computers
• Elements of Information System
• Examples of Computer Usage
• Computers Applications in Society

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 25

Categories of Computers

•Personal computers
•Mobile computers and mobile devices
•Game consoles
•Servers
•Mainframes
•Supercomputers
•Embedded computers

Page 19 Discovering Computers : Chapter 1 26

Personal Computers

• A personal computer can perform all of its input,

processing, output, and storage activities by itself
• Two popular architectures are the PC and the
Apple
– Desktop computer

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Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Figures 1-15 - 1-16
Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

•Mobile Computer
•Personal computer you can carry from place to place
•Examples include notebook computers, laptop computers,
netbooks, ultra-thins, and Tablet PCs
•Mobile Device
•Computing device small enough to hold in your hand
•Examples include smart phones and PDAs, e-book readers,
handheld computers, portable media players, and digital
cameras

Pages 20 - 23 Discovering Computers : Chapter 1 28

Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

•Notebook computer
•Tablet PC
•Smart phones and Personal Digital Assistant (PDAs)
•E-book reader

Pages 20 - 22 29
Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Figures 1-17 – 1-20
Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

•Handheld computer
•Portable media player
•Digital camera

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Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Figures 1-21 – 1-23
Game Consoles

• A game console is a
mobile computing
device designed for
single-player or
multiplayer video
games

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Figure 1-24 Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Servers

• A server controls access

to the hardware,
software, and other
resources on a network
– Provides a centralized
storage area for
programs, data, and
information

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Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Figure 1-25
Mainframes

• A mainframe is a large,
expensive, powerful
computer that can
handle hundreds or
thousands of connected
users simultaneously

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Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Figure 1-26
Supercomputers

• A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful

computer
– Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing
more than one quadrillion instructions in a single
second

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Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Figure 1-27
Embedded Computers

• An embedded computer is a special-purpose

computer that functions as a component in a
larger product

Page 26 Discovering Computers : Chapter 1 35

Embedded Computers

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Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Figure 1-28
Elements of an Information System

Hardware Software Data

People Procedures

Page 27 Discovering Computers : Chapter 1 37

Elements of an Information System

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Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Figure 1-29
Examples of Computer Usage

•Home User
•Personal financial management
•Web access
•Communications
•Entertainment
•Small Office/Home Office User
•Look up information
•Send and receive e-mail messages
•Make telephone calls

Pages 28 – 31 39
Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Figures 1-30 – 1-32
Examples of Computer Usage

● Mobile User
• Connect to other computers on a network or the
Internet
• Transfer information
• Play video games
• Listen to music
• Watch movies
•Power User
• Work with multimedia
• Use industry-specific software
•Enterprise User
• Communicate among employees
• Process high volumes of transactions
Pages 31 – 32
• Blog
Discovering Computers : Chapter 1 40
Figures 1-33 – 1-34
Computer Applications in Society

•Education
•Finance
•Government
•Health Care

Pages 34 - 36 41
Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Figures 1-36 – 1-39
Computer Applications in Society

•Science
•Publishing
•Travel
•Manufacturing

Pages 36 - 38 42
Discovering Computers : Chapter 1
Figures 1-40 – 1-43
Thank you and God bless.

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