10th Sudaroli Tamil Guide
10th Sudaroli Tamil Guide
10th Sudaroli Tamil Guide
in/
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gFjp – I (15x1=15)
1. gyTs; njupf
,ay; - 1
1. ‘nkj;j tzpfyd;’ vd;Dk; njhlup;y; jkpoofdhu; Fwpg;gpLtJ..........................
m. tzpff; fg;gy;fSk; Ik;ngUk; fhg;gpaq;fSk;
M. ngUk; tzpfKk; ngUk; fyd;fSk;
,. Ik;ngUk; fhg;gpaq;fSk; mzpfyd;fSk;
<. tzpff; fg;gy;fSk; mzpfyd;fSk; tpil: m
2. ‘fha;e;j ,iyAk; fha;e;j NjhifAk;’ epyj;Jf;F ey;y cuq;fs; - ,j;njhlupy; mbfN
; fhbl;l
gFjp Fwpg;gpLtJ.....................
m. ,iyAk; rUFk; M. NjhifAk; rz;Lk;
,. jhSk; XiyAk; <. rUFk; rz;Lk; tpil: <
3. ve;jkpo;eh vd;gijg; gpupj;jhy; ,tt
; hW tUk;………………
m. ve;+jkpo;+eh M. ve;j+jkpo;+eh
,. vk;+jkpo;+eh <. ve;jk;+jkpo;+eh tpil: ,
4. ‘Nfll
; tu; kfpog; ghba ghly; ,J’ - njhlupy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s njhopw;ngaUk; tpidahyizAk;
ngaUk; KiwNa........................
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m. ghba; Nfl;ltu; M. ghly;; ghba
,. Nfll; tu;; ghba <. ghly;; Nfl;ltu; tpil: <
5. Ntu;f;fliy> kpsfha; tpij> khq;nfhl;il Mfpatw;iwf; Fwpf;Fk; gapu;tif …….......
7. nra;jp - 1 : xt;Nthu; Mz;Lk; [_d; 15-I cyff; fhw;W ehshff; nfhz;lhb tUfpNwhk;.
nra;jp - 2 : fhw;whiy kpd; cw;gj;jpapy; ,e;jpahtpy; jkpofk; ,uz;lhkplk; vd;gJ vdf;Fg;
ngUikNa.
nra;jp - 3 : fhw;wpd; Mw;wiyg; gad;gLj;jpf; fly;fle;J tzpfk;nra;J mjpy; ntw;wp
fz;ltu;fs; jkpou;fs;!
m. nra;jp 1 kl;Lk; rup M. nra;jp 1>2 Mfpad rup
,. nra;jp 3 kl;Lk; rup <. nra;jp 1>3 Mfpad rup tpil: <
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m. jk; tho;f;ifapy; ngw;w tpisTfisf; fiyahf;fpdhu;.
M. r%fg; ghu;itNahL fiyg;gzp GupaNt vOjpdhu;.
,. mwj;ijf; $Wtjw;fhf vOjpdhu;.
<. mofpaYld; ,yf;fpak; gilj;jhu;. tpil: M
$Ljy; tpdh tpil
,ay; - 1
1. nre;jkpo;r; nrhw;gpwg;gpay; mfuKjypj; jpl;l,af;Feuhfg; gzpahw;wpath; ........
m) jkpoofdhh; M) ,sq;Fkudhh; ,) rr;rpjhde;jd; <) ghthzh; tpil: <
2. nkhopQhapW vd;wiof;fg;gLgth;............
m) rr;rpjhde;jd; M) ngUQ;rpj;jpudhh; ,) ghthzh; <) vopy;Kjy;td; tpil: ,
3. rhFk;NghJk; jkpo;gbj;Jr; rhf Ntz;Lk; vd;wd; rhk;gYk; jkpo; kze;J Ntf Ntz;Lk; vd;wth;...........
m) ,uh.,sq;Fkudhh; M) rr;rpjhde;jd; ,) jkpoofdhh; <) jpU.tp.f. tpil: M
4. ,ikfis %bagb vOJk; Mw;wiyf; fw;Wf; nfhz;lth;...........
m) ngUQ;rpj;jpudhh; M) ghthzh; ,) jkpoofdhh; <) ,uh.,sq;Fkudhh; tpil: <
5. cyfj;jpNyNa xU nkhopf;fhf cyf khehL elj;jpa Kjy; ehL> Kjy; nkhop.........
m) nrd;id> jkpo; M) jkpo;ehL> jkpo;
,) rpq;fg;G+h;> kiyahsk; <) kNyrpah> jkpo; tpil: <
6. jdpnkhop> njhlh;nkhop> nghJnkhop KiwNa mike;j nrhw;fs;………
m) fz;> vl;L> glk; ghh;j;jdh; M) vl;L> fz;> ghbdhd;
,) jhkiu> ghlk; gbj;Njd;> ghly; <) fz;> Xbg; ghh;j;Njd;> jhkiu tpil: <
7. nra;Aspir msngilapy; Kjy;> ,il> filapy; msngLj;jy; KiwNa.........
m) ey;y glhm giw> Xxjy; Ntz;Lk;> cwhmh;fF ; cWNeha;
M) Xxjy; Ntz;Lk>; ey;yglhm giw> cwhmh;f;F cWNeha;
,) cwhmh;fF ; > ey;yglhm giw> Xxjy; Ntz;Lk;
<) Xxjy; Ntz;Lk;> cwhmh;fF ; cWNeha;> ey;y glhm giw tpil: <
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ml;ltiz - nra;As;
KSJ Rlnuhsp jkpo; ciu
,ay; nra;As; jiyg;G Mrpupau; ngau; E}y; jiyg;G> njhFg;G Mrphpahpd; gpw E}y;fs; Mrphpahpd; gpw rpwg;Gfs; ghly; njhlf;fk;
16
ghl;Lf;nfhU Gytd;.
Fapy;ghl;L> ghQ;rhyp rgjk; ePLJapy; efP ;fg; ghbte;j epyh. kfue;jj; J}isr; ….
ghujpahu; ghujpahu; ftpijj; njhFg;G rpe;Jf;Fj; je;ij. rf;jp Fiwe;J Ngha;........
(i) fhw;Nwth!
(kfhftp Rg;gpukzpa ghujpahu;) jiyg;G : fhw;W ePjp E}y;fs; :
fz;zd; ghl;L> ghg;gh ghl;L>
,ay; 2 Gjpa Mj;jp#b
Ky;iyg;ghl;L
(gj;Jg;ghl;L E}y;fSs; xd;W) ede;jiy cyfk;….
103 mbfisf; nfhz;l E}y;.
(ii) Ky;iyg;ghl;L eg;G+jdhu; ghlg;gFjp: ey;Nyhu; tpupr;rp; Nfl;ly;. ------ rpWjhk;G njhLj;j….
ghtif : Mrphpag;gh
epyk;: Ky;iy
,ay; 3
ed;dd; vd;w FW epy kd;dd;
,e;E}ypd; ghl;Lilj; jiytd;
kiygLflhk; NtWngau;
(kiy-ahidahf cUtfk; nra;J md;W mtz; mir,….
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(ii) kiygLflhk; ngUq;nfsrpfdhu; $j;juhw;Wg;gil ------ kiyapy; cs;s Xirfis kjk; Ek;,y; Nghy epy;yhJ….
(gj;Jg;ghl;L E}y;fSs; xd;W)
vd tpsf;Ftjhy; ‘kiygLflhk;’
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3. Kj;jkpo; - tphpj;njOJf..
m) ,ay;> ,ir> ehlfk; M) ghly;> ,ir> gz;
,) $j;J> ghly;> gz; <) ehlfk;> ghly;> gz; tpil: m
4. Kr;rq;fk; - gphpj;njOJf.
m) Kr;+ rq;fk; M) Kjy;; + rq;fk;
,) %d;W + rq;fk; <) Kd; + rq;fk; tpil: ,
,ay; - 2 Ky;iyg;ghl;L
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3. ede;jiy cyfk;… ,j;njhlhpd; nghUs; ahJ?
m) rpwpa cyfk; M) eide;j cyfk;
,) Rw;Wk; cyfk; <) mfd;w cyfk; tpil: <
4. ghlypy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;s mb vJifr; nrhw;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf.
m) ghL ,kpo;> NfhL nfhz;L M) NfhLnfhz;L> ngUk;Gay;
,) ede;jiy> tyk;Ghp <) nghwpj;j> nghope;j tpil: m
,ay; - 3 kiygLflhk;
5. Nehdhr; nrUtpd; tyk;gL Nehd;jhs;
khd tpwy;Nts; taphpak; vdpNd>
Ek;,y; Nghy epy;yhJ Gf;F
fpotph; Nghyf; NfshJ nfoP,
Nrl; Gyk;G mfy ,dpa $wp
g&cf;Fiw nghope;j nea;f;fz; NtitnahL
F&cf;fz; ,wbg; nghk;ky; ngWFtph;
1. ,g;ghly; ,lk; ngw;Ws;s E}y;...................
m) FwpQ;rpg;ghl;L M) Ky;iyg;ghl;L
,) rpyg;gjpfhuk; <) kiygLflhk; tpil: <
2. ,g;ghlypd; Mrphpah; ahh;?
m) eg;G+jdhh; M) fPue;ijahh;
,) ngUq;nfsrpfdhh; <) fgpyh; tpil: ,
3. g&cf; Fiw ,yf;fzfF ; wpg;G.................
m) nrhy;ypir msngil M) ,d;dpir msngil
,) nra;Aspir msngil <) capusngil tpil: ,
4. nghk;ky; - nghUs; jUf..
m) mhprp M) fk;G ,) gid <) NrhW tpil: <
gFjp – II (9x2=18)
gpupT – I(4x2=8)
4. tpilf;Nfw;w tpdh mikj;jy;
nky;y kyUk; nkhl;LfSf;fhd topKiwfs;
1. nky;y kyUk; nkhl;Lfs; tpilf;Nfw;w tpdh vOJk; gFjpapy; ,Wjp vOj;J
nka;naOj;jhf ,Ue;jhy; mjpy; cs;s Gs;spia ePf;fptpl;L Jizf;fhy;> tpdhf;Fwp
Nghl;lhy; tpdh mike;JtpLk;.
nrd;whu; - nrd;whuh?
Ntz;Lk; - Ntz;Lkh?
nrd;wha; - nrd;whah?
tUths; - tUthsh?
2. capu;nka; vOj;jpy; Kbe;jhy; th (m) ah vd;w vOj;Jfisr; Nru;f;f Ntz;Lk;.
mile;jd – mile;jdth?
Njit – Njitah?
mile;jJ – mile;jJth?
1. xU ehl;bd; tsj;jpw;Fj; jf;fgbNa> me;ehl;L kf;fspd; mwpnthOf;fq;fSk;
mike;jpUf;Fk;.
xU ehl;bd; tsj;jpw;Fj; jf;fgbNa me;ehl;L kf;fspd; mwpnthOf;fq;fSk;
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mike;jpUf;Fkh?
2. 1956 Mk; Mz;L etk;gu; 1 Mk; ehs; fd;dpahFkup khtl;lk; jkpo;ehl;Lld; ,ize;jJ.
1956 Mk; Mz;L etk;gu; 1 Mk; ehs; fd;dpahFkup khtl;lk; jkpo;ehl;Lld;
,ize;jJth?
,ay; - 1 (gh.E}.g.vz;.19>20)
1. “kd;Dk; rpyk;Ng! kzpNk fiytbNt!
Kd;Dk; epidthy; Kbjho tho;j;JtNk!”
,tt; bfspy; - ,lk;ngw;Ws;s Ik;ngUq;fhg;gpaq;fisj; jtpu vQ;rpAs;s fhg;gpaq;fspd;
ngau;fis vOJf.
Ø rPtf rpe;jhkzp
Ø tisahgjp
Ø Fz;lyNfrp
2. xU jhw;wpy; gy rPg;G thiog;goq;fs; cs;sd.
xU rgP ;gpy; gy jhW thiog;goq;fs; cs;sd.
xU rgP ;gpy; gy thiog;goq;fs; cs;sd.
Nkw;fz;l njhlu;fspy; rupahd njhlu;fisr; Rl;bf;fhl;b> vQ;rpa gpioahd njhlupYs;s
gpiof;fhd fhuzj;ij vOJf.
rupahd njhlu;fs; : xU jhw;wpy; gy rPg;G thiog;goq;fs; cs;sd.
xU rPg;gpy; gy thiog;goq;fs; cs;sd.
gpioahd njhlu; : xU rPg;gpy; gy jhW thiog;goq;fs; cs;sd.
gpiof;fhd fhuzk; : xU jhw;wpy;jhd; gyrPg;G thiog;goq;fs; ,Uf;Fk;.
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3. jw;fhy ciueilapy; rpNyil mikAk; eaj;jpw;F Xu; vLj;Jf;fhl;Lj; jUf.
fhiy Neuk; njhlu;tz;bapypUe;J fPNo ,wq;fpdhu; fp.th.[fe;ehjd;. mtiu khiyapl;L
tuNtw;wdu.; mjw;F mtu; “fhiyapNyNa khiyAk; te;Jtpl;lJ” vd;whu.;
khiy – nghOJ> G+khiy (rpNyil eak;)
,ay; - 2 (gh.E}.g.vz;.43>44)
4. ‘ekf;F capu; fhw;W
fhw;Wf;F tuk; kuk; - kuq;fis
ntl;b vwp;ahky; el;L tsu;g;Nghk;’ - ,J Nghd;W cyff; fhw;W ehs; tpopg;Gzu;Tf;fhd
,uz;L Kof;fj;njhlu;fis vOJf.
kyu;fsp;y; GFe;jhy; kzkhfpwha;!
kdpjUs; GFe;jhy; tplkhfpwha;!
,aw;ifiaf; fhg;Nghk;!
,dpa fhw;iw Rthrpg;Nghk;!
5. trd ftpij - Fwpg;G tiuf.
ciueilAk; ftpijAk; ,ize;J ahg;Gf; fl;LfSf;F mg;ghw;gl;L cUthf;fg;gLk;
ftpij trd ftpij vdg;gLfpwJ.
6. ngw;Nwhu; NtiyapypUe;J jpUk;gj; jhkjkhFk;NghJ mOk; jk;gpf;F ePq;fs; $Wk; MWjy;
nrhw;fis vOJf.
“jk;gp mohNj! cd; ngw;Nwhu; te;JtpLthu;fs;.
eP Nfl;lij thq;fpj; jUthu;fs;” vd md;NghL NgRNtd;.
7. khmy; nghUSk; ,yf;fzf;Fwp;g;Gk; jUf.
khmy; nghUs; – jpUkhy; (NgUUtk; vLj;j jpUkhy;)
khmy; ,yf;fzf;Fwpg;G – nra;Aspir msngil
$Ljy; tpdhf;fs;
,ay; - 1
1. jkpo;r;nrhy; tsk; Fwpj;J fhy;Lnty; Fwpg;gpLk; fUj;ij vOJf.
“jkpOf;Nf rpwg;ghf cupadthff; fUjg;gLk; nrhw;fs; kl;Lkpd;wp njYq;F> fd;dlk;
Kjypa gpw jpuhtpl nkh opfSf;Fupa nrhw;fSk; jkpopy; cs“ vd;fpwhu; fhy;Lnty;.
2. gd;nkhopg;Gytu; f.mg;ghJiuahu; Fwpj;J vOJf.
cyfj;jpNyNa xU nkhopf;fhf cyf khehL elj;jpa Kjy; ehL kNyrpah.
mk;khehl;Lf;Fupa nkhopAk; jkpNo vd;gJ gd;nkhopg;Gytu; f.mg;ghJiuahupd; fUj;J.
3. rpNyil (m) ,ul;Lwnkhopjy; vd;why; vd;d?
Ø ,uz;L+cw+nkhopjy; - ,ul;Lwnkhopjy;.
Ø xU nra;Ais ,U nghUs;glg; ghLtJ.
4. rpNyil vj;jid tifg;gLk;? mit ahit?
rpNyil ,uz;L tifg;gLk;.
nrk;nkhopr; rpNyil> gpupnkhopr; rpNyil
,ay; - 2
5. fhw;wpd; Mw;wy;> Ntfk; ,yf;fpaq;fspy; vt;thW Fwpg;gplg;gLfpd;wd ?
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Mw;wy; - ‘tsp kpfpd; typ ,y;iy’ (Gwk; - IA+u; Kltdhu;)
Ntfk; - ‘fLq;fhw;W kziyf; nfhz;L te;J Nruf ; ;fpwJ’ (Gwk; - ,sehfdhu;)
6. Ky;iy epyj;jpypUe;Jk; kUj epyj;jpypUe;Jk; fpilfF
; k; czTg; nghUs;fs; ahit?
Ky;iy - tuF> rhik
kUjk; - nre;ney;> ntz;nzy;
7. Ky;iyg;ghl;L E}y;Fwpg;G tiuf.
Ø gj;Jg;ghl;L E}y;fSs; xd;W Ky;iyg;ghl;L. Ø ,J Mrpupag;ghtpy; ,aw;wg;gl;lJ.
Ø ,J 103 mbfisf; nfhz;lJ. Ø Ky;iy epyj;ijg; gw;wpg; ghlg;gll
; J.
Ø ,aw;wpatu; - eg;G+jdhu;.
8. XNrhd; glyj;jpd; gad;fisf; $Wf.
Ø fjputdplkpUe;J tUk; GwCjhf; fjpu;fisj; jL;f;fpwJ.
Ø fjputdpd; ntg;gj;ijf; Fiwj;Jf; nfhLf;fpwJ.
9. KJngz;bu; tpupr;rp Nfl;L jiytpf;Ff; $wpa nra;jp ahJ?
Ø ew;nrhy;iy ehq;fs; Nfl;Nlhk;.
Ø jiytd; giftiu ntd;W jpiug;nghUNshL tUtJ cWjp.
Ø kdj;jLkhw;wk; nfhs;shNj.
10. tPRfpd;w jpiriag; nghUj;J fhw;wpd; ngau;fis vOJf.
fpof;F – nfhz;ly;> Nkw;F – Nfhil> tlf;F – thil> njw;F – njd;wy;
11. FNshNuh GNshNuh fhu;gdhy; XNrhd; glyk; vtt; hW ghjpf;fg;gLfpwJ.?
Ø Fspu;gjdg; ngl;b Kjypa ,ae;jpuq;fspy; ,Ue;J ntsptUk; FNshNuh GNshNuh
fhu;gd; XNrhd; glyj;ij Xl;ilapLfpd;wJ.
Ø ,jdhy; GwCjhf;fjpu;fs; Neubahf capupdq;fisj; jhf;Ffpd;wd.
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16. tpUe;J NgZtjw;fhf vtw;iwnay;yhk; jiytd; gizak; itj;jjhfg; GwehD}W
$Wfpd;wJ?
Ø Kjy; ehs; te;j tpUe;jpdiu cgrupf;f> jdJ gioa this gizak; itj;jhd;;.
Ø mLj;j ehs; te;j tpUe;jpdUf;fhf fUq;Nfhl;Lr; rPwpahiog; gizak; itj;jhd;.
17. Mw;Wg;gil vd;why; vd;d?
kd;duplk; guprpy; ngw;W tUk; Gytu;> vjpu;tUk; Gytiug; ghu;j;J “,e;j kd;duplk;
guprpy; ngw;W tUfpNwhk;. ePAk; mq;F nrd;W tsk;ngw;W tho;thahf " vdf;$WtJ
Mw;Wg;gil vdg;gLk;.
18. ahUf;F ,t;TyNf cupik cilajhFk; vdj; jpUf;Fws; Fwpg;gpLfpwJ?
eLepiyahff; flik jtwhky; ,uf;fk; fhl;LgtUf;F ,t;TyfNk cupik cilajhFk;.
19. nfLg;ghu; ,yhDq; nfLgtu; ahu;? Vd;?
Fw;wq; fz;lnghOJ ,bj;Jf$ ; Wk; ngupahiuj; Jiz nfhs;shj ghJfhg;gw;w kd;du;>
giftu; ,d;wpAk; jhNd nfLthd;.
20. ghlNyhL nghUe;jhj ,irahy; gadpy;iy vd;Dk; ctikiaf; nfhz;l jpUf;Fwis
vOJf.
gz;vd;dhk; ghlw; fpiagpd;Nwy; fz;vd;dhk;
fz;Nzhll; k; ,y;yhj fz;.
,ay; - 4
21. ,d;iwa mwptpay; fz;Lgpbg;Gfs; kdpjid Nkk;gLj;Jfpd;wdth vd;gJ Fwpj;Jr;
rpe;jidfis Kd;itj;J ,uz;L Fwpg;Gfis vOJf.
Ø ,d;iwa mwptpay; fz;Lgpbg;Gfs; kdpjid Nkk;gLj;Jfpd;wd.
Ø kUj;Jtj; Jiwapy; mwptpay; Kd;Ndw;wj;ij ehk; fz;$lhff; fhz;fpNwhk;.
Ø jfty; gupkhw;wj;Jiw ,d;W cyifNa cs;sq;ifapy; nfhz;Lte;Jtpl;lJ.
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Ntq;if (nghJnkhop) - Ntq;if kuk;
2. 'cLg;gJ}ck; cz;gJ}ck; fhzpd; gpwu;Nky;
tLf;fhz; tw;whFk; fPo;" - ,f;Fwspy; mike;Js;s msngilapd; tifiar;Rl;b mjd;
,yf;fzk; jUf.
msngil tif
cLg;gJ}ck;> cz;gJ}ck; - ,d;dpir msngil.
,yf;fzk;
nra;Aspy; Xir Fiwahj ,lj;Jk; ,dpa Xirf;fhf capnuOj;Jfs; ePz;L
xypg;gJ ,d;dpir msngil MFk;.
,ay; - 2 (gh.E}.g.vz;.44)
3. jz;zPu; Fb> japu;f;Flk; Mfpa njhifr;nrhw;fis tpupj;J vOJf @ njhlupy; mikf;f.
jz;zPu; Fb - (jz;zPiuf; Fb) - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wikj; njhif
mtd; jz;zPu; Fbj;jhd;.
japu;f;Flk; - (japiu cila Flk;) - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik cUGk; gaDk;
cld;njhf;fj;njhif. mtd; japu;f;Flj;ij vLj;jhd;.
,ay; - 3 (gh.E}.g.vz;.65)
4. ‘vOJ vd;whs;’ vd;gJ tpiuT fhuzkhf ‘vOJ vOJ’ vd;whs; vd mLf;Fj; njhluhdJ.
‘rpupj;J Ngrpdhu;’ vd;gJ vt;thW mLf;Fj;njhluhFk;?
‘rpupj;J Ngrpdhu;’ vd;gJ kfpo;r;rp fhuzkhf> ‘rpupj;J rpupj;Jg; Ngrpdhu;’ vd tUk;.
5. ghujpahu; ftpQu;> E}yfk; nrd;whu;. mtu; ahu;? Mfpa njhlu;fspy; vOthAld; njhlUk;
gadpiyfs; ahit?
ghujpahu; ftpQu; - ngau;g; gadpiy
E}yfk; nrd;whu; - tpidg; gadpiy
mtu; ahu;? - tpdhg; gadpiy
,ay; - 8 (gh.E}.g.vz;.197)
13. Fws; ntz;ghtpd; ,yf;fzj;ij vOjp vLj;Jff
; hl;Lj; jUf.
Ø ntz;ghtpd; nghJ ,yf;fzk; ngw;W> ,uz;L mbfisf; nfhz;ljha; tUk;.
Ø Kjyb mstbahfTk; ,uz;lhk; mb rpe;jbahfTk; tUk;.
(v.fh) Fw;wk; ,ydha;f; Fbnra;J tho;thidr;
Rw;wkhr; Rw;Wk; cyF.
14. tQ;rpg;ghtpw;F cupa Xir J}q;fy; Xir MFk;. Js;sy; Xir fypg;ghTf;F cupaJ.
- ,j;njhlu;fis xNu njhluhf ,izj;J vOJf.
tQ;rpg;ghtpw;Fj; J}q;fy; XirAk; fypg;ghtpw;Fj; Jss
; y; XirAk; cupad.
,ay; - 9 (gh.E}.g.vz;.223)
15. jPtf mzpapd; tiffs; ahit ?
jPtf mzp %d;W tifg;gLk;. mit>
1.Kjy;epiyj; jPtfk; 2. ,ilepiyj; jPtfk; 3. filepiyj; jPtfk;
16. md;Gk; mwDk; cilj;jhapd; ,y;tho;f;if
gz;Gk; gaDk; mJ. - ,f;Fwspy; gapd;W te;Jss
; mzpapd; ,yf;fzk; ahJ?
,f;Fwspy; gapd;W te;Js;s mzp epuy;epiu mzp. nrhy;iyAk; nghUisAk; NeNu
epWj;jp mtt
; upirg;gbNa ,izj;Jg; nghUs; nfhs;tJ epuy;epiw mzp.
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,ay; - 1
1. re;jf; ftpijapy; cs;s gpiofisj; jpUj;Jf.
gpio
(gh.E}.g.vz;.18-23)
gpio jpUj;jk;:
'NjzpNy Cupa nre;jkpopd; - Rit NjdpNy Cwpa nre;jkpopd; - Rit
NjUk; rpyg;gjp fhwkij NjWk; rpyg;gjp fhukij
CdpNy vk;Kapu; cy;yyTk; - epjk; CdpNy vk;Kapu; cs;ssTk; - epjk;
Xjp Adu;e;jpd; GUNthNk" Xjp Azu;e;jpd; GWNthNk
2. fPo;f;fhZk; nrhw;fspd; $l;lg;ngau;fis vOJf. (fy;> gok;> Gy;> ML)
fy; - Ftpay; gok; - Fiy
Gy; - fl;L ML - ke;ij
f c ௩ ௪
U ௬ v m $ f0 ff
fc f௩ f௪ fU f௬ fv fm
f$ c0 cf cc c௩ c௪ cU
c௬ cv cm c$ ௩0 ௩1
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-
6. discussion - fye;Jiuahly; ,ay; - 6
,ay; - 2 30. Aesthe cs - mofpay;> KUfpay;
7. Storm - Gay; 31. Ar facts - fiyg;gilg;Gfs;
8. Tornado - R+whtsp 32. Terminology - fiyr;nrhy;
9. Tempest - ngUq;fhw;W 33. Myth - njhd;kk;
10. Land breeze - epyf;fhw;W ,ay; - 7
11. Sea breeze - flw;fhw;W 34. Consulate - Jizj;J}jufk;
12. Whirlwind - Roy;fhw;W 35. Patent - fhg;Gupik
,ay; - 3 36. Document - Mtzk;
13. Classical literature - nrt;tpyf;fpak; 37. Guild - tzpff;FO
14. Epic literature - fhg;gpa ,yf;fpak; 38. Irriga on - ghrdk;
15. Devo onal literature - gf;jp ,yf;fpak; 39. Territory - epyg;gFjp
16. Ancient literature - gz;ila ,yf;fpak; ,ay; - 8
17. Regional literature - tl;lhu ,yf;fpak; 40. Belief - ek;gpfi
; f
18. Folk literature - ehl;Lg;Gw ,yf;fpak; 41. Renaissance - kWkyu;rr ; p
19. Modern literature - etdP ,yf;fpak; 42. Philosopher - nka;apayhsu;
,ay; - 4 43. Revivalism - kPl;LUthf;fk;
20. Nano technology - kPEz; njhopy;El;gk; ,ay; - 9
21. Bio technology - capup njhopy;El;gk; 44. Humanism - kdpjNeak;
22. Space technology - tpz;ntspj; njhopy;El;gk; 45. Cabinet - mikr;ruit
23. Cosmic rays - tpz;ntspf; fjpu;fs; 46. Cultural boundaries - gz;ghl;L vy;iy
24. Ultraviolet rays - GwCjhf; fjpu;fs; 47. Cultural values - gz;ghl;L tpOkpaq;fs;
25. Infrared rays - mfr;rptg;Gf; fjpu;fs;
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2. capuhf ehd;> gy ngah;fspy; ehd;> ehd;F jpirapYk; ehd;> ,yf;fpaj;jpy; ehd;> Ke;ePh;
ehtha; Xl;bahf ehd;.... Kjypa jiyg;Gfspy; fhw;W jd;idg; gw;wpg; NgRfpwJ. ,t;thW
ePh;jd;idg; gw;wpg; Ngrpdhy;.... cq;fSila fw;gidapy; jiyg;Gfis vOJf. (my;yJ)
ePh; jd;idg; gw;wpg; Ngrpdhy;... cq;fs; fw;gidapy; MW jiyg;Gfs; jUf.
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1. Kfpy; ePNu caph;ePh;
2. gy ngah;fspy; ehd;
3. jpUf;Fwspy; vd;rpwg;G thd;rpwg;G
4. rptdpd; rpifapNy… ehd;
5. Fkhpiaf; nfhd;w nfhbad; (Fkhpf;fz;lk;)
6. vjph;fhyj;jpy; vd; epiy
3. Nrhiyf;fhw;Wk; kpd;tprpwpf; fhw;Wk; Ngrpf;nfhs;tJNghy; Xh; ciuahly; mikf;f.
Nrhiyf;fhw;W : ez;gh> vg;gb ,Uf;fpwha;?
kpd;tprpwpf; fhw;W : gpwh; fl;Lg;ghl;by; ,Uf;Fk; ehd; vg;gb eykhf ,Uf;f KbAk;?
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tpilfs;:
m) Nghh; mwk; vdg ; J tuPkwN ; whh>; GwKJfplN
; lhh>; rpwhh>; KjpNahh; MfpNahiu vjphj; J
; g;
Nghh; nra;ahikiaf; Fwpf;fpwJ.
M) jk;iktpl typik Fiwe;jtNuhL Nghh;nra;tJ $lhJ vd;gij MT+h; %yq;fpohh;
Fwpg;gpl;bUf;fpwhh;.
,) gR> ghhg ; g
; dh>; ngzf ; s>; Nehahsu>; Gjyt
; iug; ngwhjth; MfpNahUfF ; j; jPq;F tuhky;
Nghh; Ghpa Ntz;Lk; vd;W ,yf;fpaq;fs; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wd.
gpupT – II 2x3=6
,ay; - 1 (gh.E}.g.vz;.20)
1. jkpod;idia tho;j;Jtjw;fhd fhuzq;fshfg; ghtyNuW Rl;Ltd ahit?
nkhopr;rpwg;G:-
Ø nrk;ik ngw;w jkpo;nkhop> md;id nkhopahfTk;>
Ø goikf;Fg; goikaha;j; Njhd;wpa eWq;fdpahfTk;>
Ø Fkhpf;fz;lj;jpy; epiyj;J Ml;rpnra;j kz;Zyfg; NguurhfTk; tpsq;FfpwJ.
,yf;fpar; rpwg;G:-
Ø ghz;ba kd;ddpd; kfshfTk;>
Ø jpUf;Fwspd; ngUikf;FhpatshfTk;>
Ø gj;Jg;ghl;L> vl;Lj;njhif> gjpndz; fPo;f;fzf;F> rpyg;gjpfhuk;> kzpNkfiy Mfpa
,yf;fpar; rpwg;Gf;F chpatshfTk; jpfo;fpwhs;. MfNt> jkpod;idiag; ghtyNuW
tho;j;Jfpwhh;.
15.myfpLjy;
myfpLjy; tha;ghLfs;
epiu
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Neh;
Ø Fwpy; jdpj;Jk; – f ,UFwpy; ,izeJ ; k; – gy
Ø Fwpy; xw;Wk; – fy; ,UFwpy; ,izeJ ; xw;Wk; – gyk;
Ø neby; jdpj;Jk; – E} Fwpy; neby; ,ize;Jk; – fyh
Ø neby; xw;Wk; – E}y; Fwpy; neby; ,ize;J xw;Wk; – fyhk;
<uir tha;ghL – 4 %tirr;rPh; tha;ghL – 4
Ø Neh; + Neh; – Njkh (fdpr;rPh; myfpLjypy; tuhJ)
Ø epiu + Neh; – Gspkh Neh; + Neh; + Neh; – Njkhq;fha;
Ø epiu + epiu – fUtpsk; epiu + Neh; + Neh; – Gspkhq;fha;
Ø Neh; + epiu – $tpsk; epiu + epiu + Neh; – fUtpsq;fha;
,Wjpr;rPh; (Xuirr;rPu;) tha;ghL Neh; + epiu + Neh; – $tpsq;fha;
Ø Neh; – ehs;
Ø epiu – kyh;
Ø Neh;G (Neh;+ Neh;) – fhR
Ø epiuG (epiu+Neh;) – gpwg;G
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6. ahk;;/fz;/l Neh; Neh; Neh; Njkhq;fha;
7. jpy; Neh; ehs;
Ø ,f;Fwl;gh ‘ehs;’ vd;Dk; tha;ghlb
; y; Kbe;jJ.
39. Njth; midah; fath; mtUk;jhk;
Nktd nra;njhOf yhd;.
t.vz;. rPh; mir tha;ghL
1. Nj/th; Neh; Neh; Njkh
2. mid/ah; epiu Neh; Gspkh
3. fa/th; epiu Neh; Gspkh
4. mt/Uk;/jhk; epiu Neh; Neh; Gspkhq;fha;
5. Nk/td Neh; epiu $tpsk;
6. nra;;/njhO/f Neh; epiu Neh; $tpsq;fha;
7. yhd; Neh; ehs;
Ø ,f;Fwl;gh ‘ehs;’ vd;Dk; tha;ghlb
; y; Kbe;jJ.
40. nrhy;yg; gad;gLth; rhd;Nwhh; fUk;GNghy;
nfhy;yg; gad;gLk; fPo;.
t.vz;. rPh; mir tha;ghL
1. nrhy;/yg; Neh; Neh; Njkh
2. gad;/gL/th; epiu epiu Neh; fUtpsq;fha;
3. rhd;/Nwhh; Neh; Neh; Njkh
4. fUk;/GNghy; epiu epiu fUtpsk;
5. nfhy;/yg;; Neh; Neh; Njkh
6. gad;;/gLk; epiu epiu fUtpsk;
7. fPo; Neh; ehs;
Ø ,f;Fwl;gh ‘ehs;’ vd;Dk; tha;ghlb
; y; Kbe;jJ.
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glh;f;if ,lj;jpw;F chpaJ %tplj;jpw;Fk; chpaJ
(v.fh) ghLjy;> gbj;jy; (v.fh.) ghbath;> gbj;jth;
,ay; - 2
4. fhw;W Ngrpaijg;Nghy> epyk; NgRtjhf vz;zpf;nfhz;L vOJf.
Ø kdpjNd‚ cd; fhybiaj; jhq;fpf; nfhz;L epw;fpNwNd> ehd; jhd; epyk; NgRfpNwd;.
Ø vd;dpy;jhd; vj;jid Njhw;wq;fis eP cUthf;fpapUf;fpwha;. Nrhiyfs;> Vhpfs;>
khlkhspiffs;. Gy;ntspfs; vdg; gytpjq;fspy; vd;id mofhf;fp tpl;lha;.
Ø kfpo;r;rp‚ mofhf;fpa ePNa> ,d;W vd;id tPo;j;jp tUfpwhNa‚ vq;F ghh;j;jhYk; gr;irg;
Gy;ntspahf ,Ue;j ehd; ,d;W khhpapy;yhky; khwptpl;NlNd!
Ø kdpjh‚ cd; re;jjpia epidj;Jg;ghh;‚ ghiytdj;jpyhg; gazk; nra;ag; Nghfpwhh;fs;?
rpe;jpj;Jr; nray;gL!
5. njhifepiyj; njhlh;fis tpsf;Ff
njhifepiyj; njhlh;fs; mWtifg;gLk;. mit,
Ntw;Wikj;njhif - kJiu nrd;whu;
tpidj;njhif - tR
P njd;wy;
gz;Gj;njhif - nrq;fhe;js;
ctikj;njhif - kyh;f;if
ck;ikj;njhif - ,uTgfy;
md;nkhopj;njhif - KWf;F kPir te;jhh;
,ay; - 3
6. thio ,iyapy; tpUe;J vd;gJ jkpoh; gz;ghl;Lf; $Wfspy; xd;W vd;gij tpsf;Ff.
Ø jkpoh; gz;ghlb ; y; thio ,iyf;Fj; jdpj;j ,lKz;L.
Ø jiythio ,iyapy; tpUe;jpdUf;F cztspg;gJ ek; kughff; fUjg;gLfpwJ.
Ø ek; kf;fs; thio ,iyapd; kUj;Jtg; gad;fis md;Nw mwpe;jpUe;jdh;.
Ø thio ,iyapy; czT ghpkhWk; Kiwiag; gw;wpAk; ed;F mwpe;jpUe;jdh;.
gFjp – IV (5x5=25)
16. nra;As; neLtpdh
,ay; 1 (gh.E}.g.vz;.20)
1. kNdhd;kzPak; Re;judhhpd; jkpo;j;jha; tho;j;Jg; ghliyAk; ngUQ;rpj;jpudhhpd; jkpo; tho;j;ijAk;
xg;gpl;L Nkilg;Ngr;R xd;iw cUthf;Ff.
vd;idj; jhyhl;ba nkhop!
vdjUikj; jha;nkhop!
vd; ,dpa jkpo;nkhop!
vz;znky;yhk; epiwe;j nkhop!
vd; jha;nkhopf;Fj; jiy tzq;FfpNwd;.
midtUf;Fk; tzf;fk;!
kNdhd;kzPak; Re;judhhpd; tho;j;Jg;ghly; tpsff ; k;:
Ø G+kp vd;w ngz;zpd; Mil euPhyhd fly;> Kfk; ghuj fz;lk; MFk;.
Ø new;wpahfj; jf;fhzk; jpfo;fpwJ.
Ø new;wpapy; nghl;L itj;jJ Nghy; jkpofk; jpfo;fpwJ. vy;yhj; jpirfspYk;
jkpo;j;jha; Gfo; ngw;W tpsq;Ffpwhs; vdr; rpwg;gpf;fpwhh;.
Ø cyfpd; %j;j nkhop> ,sikahd nkhop> tskhd nkhop> ngz;Nz> jhNa cd;id
tho;j;JfpNwd; vd;W gythW tho;j;Jfpwhh;.
ngUQ;rpj;jpudhhpd; jkpo;j;jha; tho;j;Jg;ghlypd; nghUs;:
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Ø md;id nkhopahf mofha; mike;J goikf;Fg; goikaha;j; jpfOk; nkhop.
Ø Fkhpf;fz;lj;jpy; epiyj;J epw;Fk; tifapy; ghz;ba kd;ddpd; kfshfj; jpfOk; nkhop.
Ø jkpo; ,yf;fpaq;fs; midj;ijAk; jiyazpe;J tpsq;Fk; jkpio tho;j;Jfpd;Nwd;.
xg;Gik:
Ø ,U ghly;fspYk; jkpo;; jhahfTk;> goikahd nkhopahfTk; rpwg;gpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
Ø vy;yhj;jpirfspYk; Gfo; ngw;W epiyj;J epw;gJ vd;Wk; ,sikahdJ vd;Wk;
nghUs;gl mike;Js;sJ.
Ø ngz;;> jha;> kfs;; vd ntt;NtW tifapy; mioj;jhYk; jkpioj; jhahfNt
rpwg;gpf;fpd;wdh;.
Ø eWkzkpf;f nkhop vd;w nghUspy; ,Ughly;fSk; mike;Js;sd.
,ay; - 2 (gh.E}.g.vz;.44)
2. Ky;iyg;ghlb ; y; cs;s fhh;fhyr; nra;jpfis tpthpj;J vOJf.
tphpr;rp Nfll; y;:
nra;af;$ba nray; ed;whf KbANkh? KbahNjh? vd;W Iak; nfhz;l ngz;fs; kf;fs;
elkhl;lk; Fiwthd Ch;g;gf;fj;jpy; Ngha; nja;tj;ijj; njhOJ epd;W mayhh; NgRk; nrhy;iyf;
$h;e;J Nfl;gh;. ey;y nrhw;fs; Ngrpdhy; nray; ed;ik jUk; vdTk; jPa nkhop Ngrpdhy;
jPik jUk; vdf; nfhs;th; KJngz;bh;.
ngUkio nga;j tpjk;:
jpUkhy; FWfpa tbtk; nfhz;L khtyp kd;dd; ePh; thh;j;J jUk; nghOJ> kz;Zf;Fk;
tpz;Zf;Fkhf NgUUtk; vLj;J cah;e;J epw;gJ Nghd;Ws;sJ kioNkfk;. mk;Nkfk;
kiyiar; #o;e;J ngUkio nghopfpwJ.
KJngz;bh; ew;nrhy; Nfl;ly;:
Ø Ch;g;gf;fk; cs;s nja;tj;jpd; Kd; Ky;iyg;g+f;fisAk; ney;iyAk; Nrh;j;Jj; J}tpdh;.
Ø fapw;wpy; fl;lg;gl;l epiyapy; ,sq;fd;W grpahy; thbaJ. mij ,ilkfs; fz;lhs;.
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,ay; - 3 (gh.E}.g.vz;.68)
3. czT tpLjpnahd;wpy; toq;fg;gl;l czT jukw;wjhfTk; tpiy $LjyhfTk; ,Ue;jJ
Fwpj;J chpa rhd;WfSld; czTg; ghJfhg;G MizaUf;Ff; fbjk; vOJf.
tpz;zg;gf; fbjk;
mDg;Geh;
m.jkpoofd;>
15> ntw;wp efh;>
jQ;rhT+h;.
ngWeh;
czTg; ghJfhg;G Mizah;>
czTg; ghJfhg;G Mizak;>
nrd;id.
kjpg;gpw;Fhpa Iah>
nghUs;: czT jukw;wjhfTk; tpiy $LjyhfTk; cs;s czT tpLjpapd; kPJ
elbtfi
; f vLf;f Ntz;Ljy; - rhh;G.
tzf;fk;. ehd; vdJ ez;gDld; fle;j thuk; jQ;rhT+h; E}yfj;jpw;F mUfpy; cs;s
czT tpLjpapy; kjpa czT cz;Nld;. tpiy $Ljyhf ,Ue;jJ. czTk; Rj;jkhfj;
jahhpf;fg;gltpy;iy. tpLjpapypUe;J ntspNa tUtjw;F Kd;ghfNt vd; ez;gDf;F kaf;fk;
te;jJ. kUj;Jthplk; vd; ez;gid mioj;Jr; nrd;Nwd;. mtd; cz;l cztpy; NfhshW
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,Ue;jjhf kUj;Jth; $wpdhh;. MfNt> me;j czTtpLjpapd; kPJ jf;f eltbf;if vLf;FkhW
jho;ikAld; NflL ; f;nfhsf
; pNwd;.
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tpsq;Fk; jkpo;nkhopNa!
ikaf;fUj;J :-
jkpo;nkhop cly;> caph;> czh;T> fz; Mfpa midj;jpd; gadhf tpsq;FfpwJ.
njhil eak; : -
(i) Nkhidj;njhil :-
rPu;NjhWk; mbNjhWk; Kjy; vOj;J xd;wptuj; njhLg;gJ Nkhid.
NjdpDk; - njd;dhL
CdpDk; - czh;tpDfF ;
jhddp - jioj;jpdp
(ii) vJifj;njhil : -
rPu;NjhWk; mbNjhWk; KjnyOj;J msnthj;jpUf;f ,uz;lhk; vOj;J xd;wptuj;
njhLg;gJ vJif.
NjdpDk; – CdpDk; – thdpDk;
(iii) ,iaGj;njhil :-
mbNjhWk; ,Wjpapy; cs;s vOj;Njh> mirNah> rPNuh xdw ; p tUtJ ,iaG.
nkhopNa – nkhopNa – nkhopNa
mzp eak; :-
jkpo;nkhopapd; rpwg;G caht
; hff; $wg;gl;bUg;gjhy; ,J cah;T etpw;rp mzp.
re;j eak; :-
vl;Lr; rPh;fisf; nfhz;Ls;sjhy; vz;rhP;f; fopnebyb Mrphpa tpUj;jk;.
gFjp – V (3x8=24)
32. ciueil neLtpdhf;fs;
,ay; - 1 (gh.E}.g.vz;.20)
1. jkpopd; nrhy;tsk; gw;wpAk; Gjpa nrhy;yhf;fj;jpw;fhd Njit Fwpj;Jk; jkpo; kd;wj;jpy;
NgRtjw;fhd ciuf; Fwpg;Gfis vOJf.
jkpopd; nrhy;tsk;:
“ fy;Njhd;wp kz; Njhd;whf;
fhyj;Nj Kd;Njhd;wp %j;jf; Fb” vd;gjw;F Vw;wthW jkpo;nkhop Njhd;wpaJ
vd;gJ cz;ik. ,ij jkpo; ,yf;fpaq;fs; giwrhw;Wfpd;wd.
Ø fhy nts;sj;jpy; fiue;J Nghd nkhopfSf;fpilapy; ePe;jpj; jd;id epiyepWj;jpf;;
nfhz;Ls;sJ jkpo;.
Ø jkpo;r; nrhy;tsk; gy JiwfspYk; cs;sJ.
Ø mjpy; gaph;tifr; nrhw;fs; kl;Lk; rpwg;ghf vLj;Jff
; hl;lg; ngw;Ws;sd.
Ø xU jhtuj;jpd; mbg;gFjpiaf; Fwpf;Fk; nrhw;fs;: jhs;> jz;L> Nfhy;> J}W> jl;L>
fop> fio> mb MFk;.
Ø jhtuq;fspd; ,iy tiffs;: jhs;> Njhif> ,iy> Xiy> rz;L> rUF.
Ø nfhOe;J tif: (Edpg;gFjp) Jsph;> nfhOe;J> FUj;J> nfhOe;jhil
Ø gpQ;R tif: tL> G+k;gpQ;R> %R> ft;it> fr;ry; ,d;Dk; gpw. Nkw;fz;l midj;Jk;
jkpo; nrhy; tsKilaJ vd;gijf; fhl;LfpwJ.
Gjpa nrhy;yhf;fj;jpw;fhd Njit:
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Ø Gjpa mwptpay; fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;> fUtpfs;> njhopy;El;g tsh;r;rpf;F Vw;wthW
NtW nkhop nrhw;fSf;F Vw;w jkpo;r;nrhw;fs; fz;Lgpbf;f Ntz;Lk;.
Ø Vnddpy; gpwnkhopr; nrhw;fSf;F Vw;w jkpo;r;nrhw;fs; mike;jhy; kl;LNk jkpo;
epiyj;J epw;Fk;.
Ø tzpfk;> nghUshjhuk;> murpay;> r%fk;> muR rhh;e;j Jiwfs; midj;jpYk; jkpo;
nkhopahf;fk; jFe;j nrhw;fNshL mika Ntz;Lk;.
Ø fhy Xl;lj;jpw;F Vw;wthW jkpo;nkhopAk; eilNghLtJ mtrpak;. Gjpa nrhy;yhf;fk;
mope;J tUk; nkhopfspd; thpirapy; ,y;yhky; vjph;fhy re;jjpapdUf;F nkhopia
vLj;Jr; nry;y cjTk; vd;gJ cWjp.
2. xU gf;f mstpy; ciuahly; vOJf.
#oy; - ntspehl;bypUe;J cq;fs; ,y;yj; jpw;F te;jpUf;Fk; cwtpdhpd; kfSf;Fj; jkpo;
nkhopia g; Ngr kl;LNk njhpAk;. Mq;fpy ,yf;fpak; gbj;j mthplk; jkpo; ciueilapd;
rpwg;G gw;wp ciuahLjy;.
mKjh : fkyh th! vg;NghJ ntspehl;bypUe;J te;jha;? ghh;j;J xU tUlkhapw;W eykh?
fkyh : ehd; eyk;! eP eykh! vd;d ifapy; Gj;jfj;NjhL mkh;e;Js;sha;?
mKjh : ,Jth> gy;Jiwr; nra;jpfs; mlq;fpa Gj;jfk;. ,J ekJ md;whl tho;tpy;
gpd;gw;wg;gLk; mwnewpg
; ;gz;Gfs;> kUj;Jtf; Fwpg;Gfs;> murpay;> jkpopd;
ngUikia tpsf;Fk; ,yf;fpa E}y;fs; gl;bay; ,it midj;Jk; mlq;fpa
njhFg;G E}y;. jkpo; gbf;fj; njhpAkh? fkyh!
fkyh : Ngr kl;LNk njhpAk; mKjh. Mq;fpy ,yf;fpaq;fis kl;LNk tpUk;gpg; gbg;Ngd;.
mKjh : X! mg;gbah!
fkyh : ,J vd;d E}y; ml;ilg; glk; ed;whf cs;sNj!
mKjh : X! ,Jth> ,ul;ilf;fhg;gpaq;fshd rpyg;gjpfhuKk; kzpNkfiyAk;.
fkyh : nrd;w tUlk; te;j NghJ ghl;b rpyg;gjpfhuf; fijiaf; $wpdhh;fs;. ,e;E}ypd;
fhg;gpaj;jiytp fz;zfpjhNd!
ddddddddddddddddddddddddddd
n[afhe;jd; epidTr; rpwg;gpjo;
FwpQ;rp thu ,jo;
njhFg;G : 4
Kjy; njhFg;G: khh;r; ,Wjp thuk;
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tpiue;J thhPh!; ,yf;fpar; Ritiag; ngw;W mf kfpo;tPu;!
dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd
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Ø czT gfph;e;jspg;G
Ø KbTiu
Kd;Diu:
fpuhkj;J kf;fs; tpUe;Njhk;gy;> tuNtw;G> vspa czT> gfph;e;J nfhLj;jy; Mfpatw;wpy;
jiyrpwe;jthf
; s;. ,jid fp.uh[ehuhazd; mth;fs; Nfhgy;yGuj;J kf;fs; vd;w rpWfijapy;
mofhfg; glk; gpbj;Jf; fhl;bAs;shh;.
cz;b nfhLj;Njhh;
caph; nfhLj;NjhNu!
md;dka;ahtpd; Njhl;lk;:
md;dka;ahtpd; GQ;ir rhiyNahuj;jpy; ,Ue;jJ. mJNghy mtuJ ez;gd; Rg;igahtpd;
Njhl;lKk; mUfpy; mike;jpUe;jJ. rhiyNahuj;jpy; GQ;ir epyk; ,Ug;gjhy; Njrhe;jphpfs;
,th;fsplk; jz;zPNuh> fQ;rpNah Fbj;Jr; nry;tJ tof;fk;. tof;fk; Nghy Njhl;lj;jpy; mUF
vLj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jdh;.
Gjpa egh; tUif:
GQ;irapd; mUfpy; thypg kdpjd; Gspa kuj;jpy; rha;e;J cl;fhh;e;jpUe;jhd;. mij
md;dka;ah ftdpj;jhh;. gpwF md;dka;ah mUfpy; nrd;W ghh;j;j nghOJ thypg kdpjd;>
jk;gp nfhQ;rk; Fbf;fj; jz;zP fpilf;Fkh? vd;W jkpopy; NgrpaJ mtUf;F kfpo;r;rpaspj;jJ.
ePr;Rj; jz;zP thq;fpl;L tul;Lkh? vd;whh.; fWg;Gf;fyaq;fspy; ,Ue;j fQ;rpia rpul;ilapy;
Cw;wp Nkhh; kpsfha; nfhLj;Jf; Fbf;fr; nrhy;yp cgrhpj;jhh;. fyaj;jpypUe;J rpul;il topahf
klf;F klf;fha; Fbj;jhd; thypgd;. mtDs; [Pt Cw;W nghq;fp epiwe;J te;jJ. epiwthd
cztspj;j epiyapy; md;dka;ah mtid xU gphpaj;NjhL ghh;j;jhh;.
md;dka;ahtpd; <if:
Gjpa eghpd; ngaiuf; Nfll ; hh; md;dka;ah. mjw;F jd; ngah; guNk];tud; vd;Wk;
mij kwe;jpL> ,g;Nghijf;F kzp vd $g;gpLkhW $wpdhd;. vd;Dila ez;gd; Rg;igah
fy;Y}hpapy; gbf;fpwhd;. ,g;NghJ CUf;F te;Js;shd;. mth;fs; GQ;irapy; mUF vLj;Jf;nfhz;L
,Uf;fpwhh;fs; mq;F NghNthk; vd mioj;Jr; nrd;whh;. GQ;irapy; Rg;igahTk; kw;wth;fSk;
md;dka;ahitAk;> GJ MisAk; tuNtw;W jk;Kld; czT cz;Zk;gb mioj;jdh;.
34. nghJf;fl;Liufs;
Fwpg;Gfisf; nfhz;L fl;Liu vOjpj;
; jiyg;G xd;W jUjy;
nky;y kyUk; nkhl;LfSf;fhd topKiwfs;
Ø fl;Liu vOJk;NghJ jiyg;G ,LtJ.
Ø Fwpg;Gr;rl;lfk;: tpdhj;jhspy; Nflf
; g;gl;l tpdhtpy; cs;s jiyg;Gfisf; fl;lkpl;L vOJf.
mjDld; Kjypy; Kd;Diu eLtpy; cl;jiyg;Gfs; ,Wjpapy; KbTiu vdj; jiyg;gpLf.
Ø fl;Liug; gbf;fhj epiyapYk; Fiwe;jJ 4 kjpg;ngz; ngw ,aYk;.
vLj;Jff; hl;L :
Fwpg;Gfisg; gad;gLj;jpf; fl;Liu xd;W jUf.
Kd;Diu – tpz;ntspapy; jkpohpd; mwpT – fy;gdh rht;yh – tpz;ntsp mwptpy;
tUq;fhyj;jpy; Nkw;nfhss; Ntz;bait – KbTiu
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Kd;Diu:
tpz;ntspapy; jkpohpd; mwpT gw;wp ,q;Ff; fhz;Nghk;.
tpz;ntspapy; jkpohpd; mwpT:
tpz;ntspapy; jkpoh;fs; epiwe;j mwpT ngw;wpUe;jdh;.
fy;gdh rht;yh:
1983 Mk; Mz;L ehrh mnk]; Muha;r;rpf;$lj;jpy; Jizj; jiytuhfg; gzpahw;wpdhhh;.
tpz;ntsp mwptpy; tUq;fhyj;jpy; Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;bait :
khzt rKjhaj;jpdu; tpz;ntsp Ma;tpy; <Lgl Ntz;Lk;.
KbTiu:
tpz;ntspapy; jkpohpd; mwpT gw;wp ,q;Ff; fz;Nlhk;.
Fwpg;G:
jiyg;G - 1 (m) ½ kjpg;ngz;
Fwp;g;Gr;rl;lfk; - 1 (m) ½ kjpg;ngz;
Kd;Diu - 1 kjpg;ngz;
KbTiu - 1 kjpg;ngz;
cl;jiyg;G - 4 kjpg;ngz;
,ay; - 1 (gh.E}.g.vz;.22)
1. Fkhpf; fly;KidiaAk; Ntq;fl kiyKfl;ilAk; vy;iyahff; nfhz;l njd;dth; jpUehl;bw;Fg;
Gfo; Njbj;je;j ngUik> jifrhy; jkpod;idiar; rhUk;. vopy;Nrh; fd;dpaha; vd;Wk; jpfOk;
mt;td;idf;Fg; gps;isj;jkpo; Ngrp> rjfk; rikj;J> guzp ghb> fyk;gfk; fz;L> cyhte;J>
me;jhjp $wp> Nfhitahj;J> mzpahfg; G+l;b mo$l;b mfk; kpf kfpo;e;jdh; nre;ehg; Gyth;fs; -
,f;fUj;ijf; fUthff; nfhz;L ‘rhd;Nwhh; tsh;j;j jkpo;’ vd;Dk; jiyg;gpy; fl;Liu vOJf.
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$Ljy; nghJf;fl;Liufs;
4. Fwp;g;Gfisf; nfhz;L flL
; iu vOjpj; jiyg;G xd;W jUf. (muR khjphp tpdhj;jhs; : 2019)
Kd;Diu – jkpofk; je;j jtgG ; jy;th;– ehl;Lg;gw;W – nkhopg;gw;W – nghJ tho;tpy;
J}a;ik – vspik – kf;fs; gzpNa kfj;jhd gzp – KbTiu
mwpQh; mz;zh
Fwpg;Gr;rl;lfk;
Ø Kd;Diu
Ø jkpofk; je;j jtgG ; jy;th;
Ø ehl;Lg;gw;W
Ø nkhopg;gw;W
Ø nghJtho;tpy; J}a;ik
Ø vspik
Ø kf;fs; gzpNa kfj;jhd gzp
Ø KbTiu
Kd;Diu:
njd;dhl;L fhe;jp> mwpQh; vd;nwy;yhk; miof;fg;gLk; milnkhopf;Fr; nrhe;jf;fhuuhd
NguwpQh; mz;zhitg;gw;wp ,q;Ff; fhz;Nghk;.
jkpofk; je;j jtg;Gjy;th;:
,e;jpa tuyhw;Wr; rpwg;Gkpf;f Gz;zpa jyq;fspy; xd;whd fhQ;rpGuj;jpy; 1909 Mk; Mz;L
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nrg;lk;gh; khjk; 15 Mk; Njjp jpU eluh[d; - gq;fhU mk;khs; jk;gjpaUf;Fg; gpwe;jhh;. jkpofk;
je;j jtg;Gjy;th;fSs; mwpQh; mz;zhTk; xUtu; Mthh;.
ehl;Lg;gw;W:
flik> fz;zpak;> fl;Lg;ghL mz;zhtpd; jhuf ke;jpuk;. 1967Mk; Mz;L eilngw;w
Njh;jypy; mz;zhtpd; jpuhtpl Kd;Ndw;wf; fofk; ntw;wp ngw;wJ. mg;nghOJ mz;zh mth;fs;
Kjyikr;ruhdhh;. xU &gha;f;F xU gb mhprp> kJtpyf;F vdg; gyjpl;lq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;jpdhh;;.
nkhopg;gw;W:
‘nkl;uh];’ vd;w ngaiu ‘jkpo;ehL’ vdg; ngah; khw;wpdhh;. jkpo;ehl;by; ,e;jpnkhop
fll; hag; ghlj;ij vjph;j;jhh;. 1968 Mk; Mz;L nrd;idapy; ,uz;lhtJ cyfj; jkpo;
khehL eilngw toptif nra;jhh;.
nghJtho;tpy; J}a;ik:
vijAk; jhq;Fk; ,jak; Ntz;Lk;> kwg;Nghk; kd;dpg;Nghk;> vq;fpUe;jhYk; tho;f>
Vioapd; rphpg;gpy; ,iwtidf; fhz;Nghk;> kf;fs; njhz;Nl kNfrd; njhz;L Nghd;wit
mthpd; trdq;fs;. ,itNa nghJ tho;tpy; J}a;ikiaf; fhl;bath; vd;gjw;Fr; rhd;whFk;.
vspik:
mz;zh jiyrt P khl;lhh;. fz;zhb ghh;f;fkhl;lhh;. NkhjpuKk; fbfhuKk; mzptJ
fpilahJ. vd;idf; fhyz;lh; ghh;f;f itj;J> #o;epiy ifjpahf;fptpl;lNj! ,e;j Kjy;th;
gjtp vd;W mbf;fb nrhy;ypf; nfhs;thh;.
kf;fs; gzpNa kfj;jhd gzp:
ngw;w gbg;ig> mwpit> iff;nflb ; a mjpfhuj;ij Vio vspatUf;F vg;gbg;
gad;gLj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;W nrhy;ypj; je;jth.; ,ylr ; f;fzf;fhd ,isQh;fis xd;W jpul;b
rhjp Ngjq;fisf; fle;J mjpfhu epoypy; mkuitj;J xU jiyKiwia nrOikahf;fpath;.
‘kf;fs; njhz;Nl kNfrd; njhz;L’ vd Kof;fkpl;lth;.
KbTiu:
Nkilapy; khzth;fSf;Fj; jPuKk; jpwKk; kl;L;k; NghjhJ. mwpT> Muha;r;rpfSk; Njit
vd;W typAWj;jpdhh;. vdNt khztu;fshfpa ehk; mwpQu; mz;zh top gpd;gw;wp tho;e;J
ntw;wp ngw Ntz;Lk;.
ngz;zpak;:
miu E}w;whz;LfSf;F Kd;dNu nghUshjhu Rje;jpuk; gw;wpAk; ngz;fy;tp Fwpj;Jk;
ngz;fspd; MSik Fwpj;Jk; jd; ftpij nfhz;L vLj;Jiuj;Jss ; hh;. xtn
; thU FLk;gKk;
gy;fiyf;fofkhfj; jpfog; ngz;fy;tp mtrpak; vd;W typAWj;jpAs;shu;.
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KbTiu:
“vq;fs; tho;Tk; vq;fs; tsKk;
kq;fhj jkpnod;W rq;Nf Koq;F”
vd;w ghly; ghujpjhrdhh; jkpOf;Fj; je;j ,dpa fPjk;. jha;nkhopahfpa jkpopd; kPJ
xt;nthU jkpoDk; gw;Wf;nfhs;s ,g;ghly; thpfs; rhyr;rpwe;jJ. ghNte;jhpd; jkpo;g;gw;Wk;
ngz;zpd; rpwg;ig czh;e;J ghba vOr;rpkpF ghly;fSk; mthpd; rpwg;igg; giwrhw;Wfpd;wd.
,ay; - 1
1. ew;wpiz ey;y FWe;njhif Iq;FWE}W
xj;j gjpw;Wg;gj;J Xq;F ghpghly;
fw;wwpe;jhh; Vj;Jk; fypnahL mfk;Gwk; vd;W
,j;jpwj;j vl;Lj;njhif”
-,r;nra;As; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s vl;Lj;njhif E}y;fisg; ngah;f; fhuzj;Jld; vLj;Jf;fhl;Lf.
ew;wpiz - ed;ik + jpiz vd;Wk; ey; + jpiz vd;Wk; $Wth;. cah;thd
mf xOf;fj;ijf; $Wtjhy; ew;wpiz vdg; ngah;ngw;wJ.
FWe;njhif - Fiwe;j mb msthy; mike;j njhif E}yhjyhy; FWe;njhif
vdg;gl;lJ.
Iq;FWE}W - Ie;jpizg; gw;wpa FWfpa E}W ghly;fisf; nfhz;Ls;sjhy;
Iq;FWE}W vdg;gl;lJ.
gjpw;Wg;gj;J - gj;J Nru murh;fisg; gw;wpa gj;Jg; gj;J ghly;fisf; nfhz;Ls;sjhy;
gjpw;Wg;gj;J vdg;gl;lJ.
ghpghly; - mfk;> Gwk; fye;j E}yhjyhYk;> ghpe;J nry;Yk; XirAila
ghpghlL
; fisf; nfhz;bUg;gjhYk; ghpghly; vdg;gl;lJ.
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1. gyTs; njupf
,ay; - 1 (c.E}.g.vz;: 3 )
1. ‘nkj;j tzpfyd;’ vd;Dk; njhlup;y; jkpoofdhu; Fwpg;gpLtJ.
m. tzpf fg;gy;fSk; Ik;ngUk; fhg;gpaq;fSk;
M. ngUk; tzpfKk; ngUk; fyd;fSk;
,. Ik;ngUk; fhg;gpaq;fSk; mzpfyd;fSk;
<. tzpff; fg;gy;fSk; mzpfyd;fSk;
2. ‘fha;e;j ,iyAk; fha;e;j NjhifAk;’ epyj;Jf;F ey;y cuq;fs;. ,j;njhlupy; mbfN ; fhbl;l
gFjp Fwpg;gpLtJ.
m. ,iyAk; rUFk; M. NjhifAk; rz;Lk;
,. jhSk; rUFk; <. rUFk; rz;Lk;
3. ve;jkpo;eh vd;gijg; gpupj;jhy; ,t;thW tUk;…………
m. ve;+jkpo;+eh M. ve;j+jkpo;+eh
,. vk;+jkpo;+eh <. ve;jk;+jkpo;+eh
4. ‘Nfll; tu; kfpog; $ba ghly; ,J’ - njhlupy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s njhopw;ngaUk; tpidahyizAk;
ngaUk; KiwNa ……………
m. ghba; Nfll ; tu; M. ghly;; ghba
,. Nfll ; tu;; ghba <. ghly;; Nfl;ltu;
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5. Ntu;f;fliy> kpsfha; tpij> khq;nfhl;il Mfpatw;iwf; Fwpf;Fk; gapu;tif ....……
m. Fiy tif M. kzp tif
,. nfhOe;J tif <. ,iy tif
,ay; - 2 (c.E}.g.vz;: 3 )
6. “cdf;Fg; ghl;Lfs; ghLfpNwhk;
cdf;Fg; Gfo;rr ; pfs; $WfpNwhk;" ghujpapd; ,t;tbfspy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s eaq;fs; ahit?
m. cUtfk;> vJif M. Nkhid> vJif
,. Kuz;> ,iaG <. ctik> vJif
7. nra;jp - 1 : xt;Nthu; Mz;Lk; [_d; 15 I cyff; fhw;W ehshff; nfhz;lhb tUfpNwhk;.
nra;jp - 2 : fhw;whiy kpd; cw;gj;jpapy; ,e;jpahtpy; jkpofk; ,uz;lhkplk; vd;gJ vdf;Fg;
ngUikNa
nra;jp - 3 : fhw;wpd; Mw;wiyg; gad;gLj;jpf; fly;fle;J tzpfk;nra;J mjpy; ntw;wp
fz;ltu;fs; jkpou;fs;!
m. nra;jp 1 kl;Lk; rup M. nra;jp 1>2 Mfpad rup
,. nra;jp 3 kl;Lk; rup <. nra;jp 1>3 Mfpad rup
8. “ghL,kpo; gdpf;fly; gUfp” vd;Dk; Ky;iyg;ghl;L mb czu;j;Jk; mwptpay; nra;jp ahJ?
m. fly; ePu; Mtpahfp Nkfkhjy; M. fly; ePu; Fspu;r;rp miljy;
,. fly; ePu; xypj;jy; <. fly; ePu; nfhe;jspj;jy;
9. ngupa kPir rpupj;jhu; - tz;zr; nrhy;Yf;fhd njhifapd; tif vJ?
m. gz;Gj;njhif M. ctikj; njhif
,. md;nkhopj; njhif <. ck;ikj;njhif
10. nghUe;Jk; tpiltupiriaj; Nju;e;njLf;f.
m. nfhz;ly; - 1. Nkw;F M. Nfhil - 2. njw;F
,. thil - 3. fpof;F <. njd;wy; - 4. tlf;F
m. 1,2,3,4 M. 3,1,4,2 ,. 4,3,2,1 <. 3,4,1,2
,ay;-1 (gh.E}.g.vz;.19>20)
(c.E}.g.vz;: 31 )
1. “kd;Dk; rpyk;Ng! kzpNkfiy tbNt!
Kd;Dk; epidthy; Kbjho tho;j;JtNk! - ,t;tbfspy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s
Ik;ngUq;fhg;gpaq;fisj; jtpu vQ;rpAs;s fhg;gpaq;fspd ngau;fis vOJf.
2. xU jhw;wpy; gy rPg;G thiog;goq;fs;cs;sd. xU
rPg;gpy; gy jhW thiog;goq;fs ;cs;sd. xU
rPg;gpy; gy thiog;goq;fs; cs;sd.
Nkw;fz;l njhlu;fspy; rupahd njhlu;fisr; Rl;bf;fhl;b> vQ;rpa gpioahd njhlupYs;s
gpiof;fhd fhuzj;ij vOJf.
3. jw;fhy ciueilapy; rpNyil mikAk; eaj;jpw;F Xu ; vLj;Jf;fhl;Lj; jUf.
,ay;-2 (gh.E}.g.vz;.43>44)
(c.E}.g.vz;: 31 )
4. ‘ekf;F capu; fhw;W
fhw;Wf;F tuk; kuk; - kuq;fis
ntl;b vwp;ahky el;L tsu;g;Nghk;’- ,JNghd;W cyff;fhw;W ehs; tpopg;Gzu;Tf;fhd
,uz;L KOf;fj; njhlu;fis vOJf.
5. trd ftpij - Fwpg;Gtiuf.
6. ngw;Nwhu; NtiyapypUe;J jpUk;gj; jhkjkhFk;NghJ mOk; jk;gpf;F ePq;fs; $Wk; MWjy;
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nrhw;fis vOJf.
7. khmy; nghUSk; ,yf;fzf;Fwpg;Gk; jUf.
,ay;-3 (gh.E}.g.vz;.65>66)
(c.E}.g.vz;: 32 )
8. tpUe;jpdiu kfpo;tpj;Jf;$Wk; Kfkd; nrhw;fis vOJf.
9. ‘jhdpak; VJk; ,y;yhjepiyapy; tpijf;fhf itj;jpUe;j jpidia cuypy; ,l;Lf;
Fw;wpnaLj;J tpUe;jpdUf;F tpUe;jspj;jhs ;jiytp’ - ,yf;fpar;nra;jp. tpUe;Njhk;gYf;Fr;
nry;tk; kl;LNk ,d;wpaikahj xd;wh? cq;fs; fUj;ijf; Fwpg;gpLf.
10. ‘,wbg; nghk;ky;
ngWFtPu;’ - ,j;njhlu; czu;j;Jk; nghUis vOJf.
jpUf;Fws; (gh.E}.g.vz;.74)
(c.E}.g.vz;: 32 )
11. er;rg;glhjtd; nry;tk; - ,j;njhlupy; tz;zkpl;l nrhy;Yf;Fg; nghUs; jUf.
12. nfhLg;gJ}ck; Ja;g;gJ}ck; ,y;yhu;f;F mLf;fpa
Nfhb cz;lhapDk; ,y;.
,f;Fwspy;tUk;msngilfis
vLj;JvOJf.
13. nghUSf;Nfw;w mbiag; nghUj;Jf.
capiutplr; rpwg;ghfg; Ngzpf; fhf;fg;gLk; xOf;fj;jpd; va;Jtu; Nkd;ik
Cupd; eLtpy; er;Rkuk; gOj;jJ Nghd;wJ capupDk; Xk;gg; gLk;
xOf;fj;jpd; top cau;T miltu; eL CUs;; er;Rkuk; gOj;jw;W.
,ay; - 3 ,ay; - 6
12. Cz; - Cd; - 26. jhy; -
13. jpiz - jpid - 27. cOit -
14. mz;zk; - md;dk; - 28. mfTjy; -
15. nty;yk; - nts;sk; - 29. Ve;njopy; -
30. mzpik -
,ay; - 4
,ay; - 7
16. mtpu;jy; - 31. kpupay; -
17. moy; - 32. tUj;jid -
18. cth - 33. mjrp -
19. fq;Fy; -
34. JupQ;rpy; -
20. fdyp -
,ay; - 8
,ay; - 5 35. MRftp -
21. kd;wy; - 36. kJuftp -
22. mbr;RtL - 37. rpj;jpuftp -
23. mfuhjp - 38. tpj;jhuftp -
24. J}ty; - ,ay; - 9
25. kUs; - 39. Fzjud; -
40. nrt;it -
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41. efy; -
42. G+l;if -
gFjp –III
rpWtpdhf;fs;
,ay; - I (gh.E}.g.vz;.20)
,ay; - 8 (gh.E}.g.vz;.183)
11. glk; czh;j;Jk; fUj;ij eaKw Ie;J njhlh;fspy; vOJf. (c.E}.g.vz;: 118 )
1. Fkud; kfs; nry;tp vd;gth; jl;lr;rh; gzp Ntz;b jd; tptug;gl;bay; xd;W jahh; nra;fpwhh;.
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mtUila gpwe;j Njjp 07.04.1997 MFk;. 67> fk;gh; efh;> irjhg;Ngl;il> nrd;id> 600 015.
vd;w Kfthpapy; trpj;J tUfpwhu;. jha;nkhop jtpu Mq;fpyk;> gpnuQ;R nkhopfs; mwpe;Js;s
mth; fzpdpapy; gp.v];.rp gl;lk; ngw;Ws;shh-; Njh;th; jd;id nry;tpahf ghtpj;J jd;
tptug;gl;bay; xd;iw jahh; nra;aTk;.
gzp tha;g;G Ntz;b jd;tptug; gl;bay;
1. ngah; :
2. ghypdk; :;
3. gpwe;j ehs; kw;Wk; taJ :
4. Njrpa ,dk; :
5. ngw;Nwhh;/ghJfhtyh; ngah; :
6. tPl;L Kfthp :
7. njhiyNgrp / miyNgrp vz; :
8. gj;jhk; tFg;gpy; ngw;w kjpg;ngz;fs; :
9. jha;nkhop :
10. gapd;w nkhopfs; :
11. jl;lr;R :
12. fzpdp :
Nkw;fz;l tpguq;fs; midj;Jk; cz;iknad cWjpf; $WfpNwd;. jq;fs;
epWtdj;jpy; jl;lr;rh; gzpapidj; je;jhy; vd; gzpiar; rpwg;ghfTk;
cz;ikahfTk; nra;Ntd; vd cWjpaspf;fpNwd;.
,lk; : ,g;gbf;F>
ehs; : jq;fs; cz;ikAs;s>
,ay; - 1 (gh.E}.g.vz;.24)
(c.E}.g.vz;: 121 )
1.
,d;nrhy; top jPanrhy; top
gpwh; kdk; kfpOk; gpwh; kdk; thLk;
mwk; tsUk; mwk; NjAk;
Gfo; ngUFk; ,fo; ngUFk;
ey;y ez;gh;fs; NrUth; ey;y ez;gh;fs; tpyFth;
md;G epiwAk; gifik epiwAk;
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,jpy; ePq;fs; nry;Yk; top ahJ? cq;fs; ez;gUf;Ff; fhl;Lk; top ahJ?
,ay; - 2 (gh.E}.g.vz;.44)
5. kyh;e;Jk; kyuhj ghjpkyh; Nghy (c.E}.g.vz;: 131 )
tsUk; tpop tz;zNk – te;J
tpbe;Jk; tpbahj fhiyg; nghOjhf
tpise;j fiy md;dNk
ejpapy; tpisahb nfhbapy; jiyrPtp
ele;j ,se;njdw ; Ny – tsh;
nghjpif kiyNjhd;wp kJiu efh; fz;L
nghype;j jkpo; kd;wNk
- ftpQh; fz;zjhrd;
,g;ghlypy; jtOk; fhw;iwAk; ftpij eaj;ijAk;; ghuhl;b ciu nra;f.
gFjp - IV (5x5=25)
56. neLtpdhf;fs;
,ay; 1 (gh.E}.g.vz;.20)
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3. xU gf;f mstpy; ciuahly; vOJf. (c.E}.g.vz;: 138 )
#oy; - ntspehl;bypUe;J cq;fs; ,y;yj;jpw;F te;jpUf;Fk; cwtpdhpd; kfSf;Fj; jkpo;
nkhopiag; Ngr kl;LNk njhpAk;. Mq;fpy ,yf;fpak; gbj;j mthplk; jkpo; ciueilapd;
rpwg;G gw;wp ciuahLjy;.
,ay; - 2 (gh.E}.g.vz;.44)
1. Ky;iyg;ghlb
; y; cs;s fhh;fhyr; nra;jpfis tpthpj;J vOJf. (c.E}.g.vz;: 98 )
2. GaypNy xU Njhzp fijapy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;s tUzidfSk; mLf;Fj; njhlh;fSk;>
xypf;Fwpg;Gr; nrhw;fSk; Gaypy;> Njhzp gLk;ghl;il vt;thW tpthpf;fpd;wd? (c.E}.g.vz;: 151 )
3. kyh;e;Jk; kyuhj ghjpkyh; Nghy
tsUk; tpop tz;zNk – te;J
tpbe;Jk; tpbahj fhiyg; nghOjhf
tpise;j fiy md;dNk
ejpapy; tpisahb nfhbapy; jiyrPtp
ele;j ,se;njdw ; Ny – tsh;
nghjpif kiyNjhd;wp kJiu efh; fz;L
nghype;j jkpo; kd;wNk
- ftpQh; fz;zjhrd;
,g;ghlypy; jtOk; fhw;iwAk; ftpij eaj;ijAk;; ghuhl;b ciu nra;f. (c.E}.g.vz;: 131 )
,ay; - 3
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“mNjh> mq;Nf epw;Fk;” vd;W kw;nwhUth; $wpaJ ……………
m. Iatpdh> tpdh vjph;tpdhjy; M. mwptpdh> kiwtpil
,. Mwpahtpdh> Rl;Ltpil <. nfhsy; tpdh> ,dnkhop tpil
4. njhy;fhg;gpak; Fwpg;gpLk; ,irf;fUtp
m. [hy;uh M. giw ,. cWkp <. ehfRuk;
5. tPl;ilj; Jilj;Jr; rhak; mbj;jy;’ ,t;tb Fwpg;gpLtJ
m. fhyk; khWtij M. tPl;ilj; Jilg;gij
,. ,ilawhJ mwg;gzp nra;jiy <. tz;zk; g+Rtij
6. fhw;wpd; nky;ypa …………. G+f;fisj; jiyahl;;litf;fpwJ. iffspd; Neh;j;jpahd................
G+f;fis khiyahf;FfpwJ. njhopw;ngah;fisg; nghUj;jpj; njhlh;fis KOik nra;f.
m. njhLj;jy;> vLj;jy; M. njhLjy;> njhLj;jy;
,. vLj;jy;> njhLjy; <. njhLj;jy;> njhLjy;
7. tha;ikNa kioeuPhfp - ,j;njhlhpy; ntspg;gLk; mzp
m. ctik M. jw;Fwpg;Ngw;wk; ,. cUtfk; <. jPtfk;
8. “rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fs;> Ie;jpizfSf;Fkhd xOf;fq;fis ,UjpizfSk; gad;ngw
vLj;jpak;Gfpd;wd” - ,j;njhlhpy; mike;Js;s njhifr;nrhw;fspd; nghUj;jkhd
tphpiaf; fz;lwpf.
m. FwpQ;rp> Ky;iy> nea;jy;> kUjk;> ghiy – ey;tpid> jPtpid
M. FwpQ;rp> Ky;iy> kUjk;> nea;jy;> ghiy – cah;jpiz> m/wpiz
,. FwpQ;rp> Ky;iy> nea;jy;> ghiy> kUjk; - mwk;> nghUs;> ,d;gk;
<. FwpQ;rp> kiy> Ky;iy> fhL> kUjk;> tay;> nea;jy;> fly; - gid> jpiz
9. ‘Nfs;tpahd;’ vd;Dk; nrhy;ypd; ,yf;fzf; Fwpg;G
m. tpidahyizAk; ngah; M. njhopw;ngah;
,. tpidj;njhif <. gz;Gj;njhif
10. fiyauq;fj;jpy; vdf;fhff; fhj;jpUf;fpwtiu mioj;J thUq;fs; - ,j;njhlh;
m. tpdhj;njhlh; M. jdpj;njhlh; ,. nra;jpj;njhlh; <. fyitj; njhlh;
(my;yJ)
(M) F.mofphprhkpapd; ‘xUtd; ,Uf;fpwhd;’ rpWfijapy; kdpjj;ij ntspg;gLj;Jk; fij
khe;jh; Fwpj;J vOJf. (c.E}.g.vz;: 155 )
45. (m) Fkhpf; fly;KidiaAk; Ntq;fl kiyKfl;ilAk; vy;iyahff; nfhz;l njd;dth;
jpUehl;bw;Fg; Gfo; Njbj;je;j ngUik> jifrhy; jkpod;idiar; rhUk;. Vopy;Nrh; fd;dpaha;
jpfOk; mt;td;idf;F> gps;isj; jkpo; Ngrp> rjfk; rikj;J> guzp ghb> fyk;gfk; fz;L> cyh
jj;J> me;jhjp $wp> Nfhit ahj;J ,tw;iwnay;yhk; mzpahfg; g+l;b mofpidf; $l;b mfk;kpf
kfpo;e;jdh; nre;ehg; Gyth;fs; - ,f;fUj;Jfisf; fUthff; nfhz;L ‘rhd;Nwhh; tsh;j;j jkpo;’
vd;Dk; jiyg;gpy; fl;Liu xd;W vOJf. (c.E}.g.vz;: 157 )
(my;yJ)
(M) Fwpg;Gfisg; gad;gLj;jpf; fl;Liu xd;W jUf.
Kd;Diu – tpz;ntspapy; jkpohpd; mwpT fy;gdh rht;yh – tpz;zpay; mwptpy; tUq;fhyj;jpy;
Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;bait - KbTiu. (c.E}.g.vz;: 159 )
ngw;Nwhu; Mrpupau; fof khjpup tpdhj;jhs;fs;
khjphp tpdhj;jhs; - 1
gFjp–I (kjpg;ngz;fs; : 15)
i midj;J tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpilaspf;fTk;. (c.E}.g.vz;: 191 )
ii. nfhLf;fg;gl;l ehd;F tpilfspy; rhpahd tpilapidj; Njh;e;njLj;Jf; FwpaPl;Lld; tpilapidAk;
Nrh;j;JvOjTk;. 15 x 1 = 15
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1. “kUe;Nj MapDk; tpUe;NjhL cz;”; vd;Dk; mbfs; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s E}y;.
m. FWe;njhif M. nfhd;iwNte;jd;
,. jpUf;Fws; <. ew;wpiz
2. ‘kyh;fs; jiuapy; eOTk;’vg;NghJ?
m. ms;sp Kfh;e;jhy; M. jsug; gpizj;jhy;
,. ,Wf;fp Kbr;rpl;lhy; <. fhk;G Kwpe;jhy;
3. ‘fhyk; fue;j nganur;rk;’vd;gJ –
m. tpidj;njhif M. ck;ikj; njhif
,. gz;Gj;njhif <. md;nkhopj;njhif
4. vs;spypUe;J vz;nza; vLj;jypd; kpQ;Rtijf; Fwpf;Fk; rhpahd nrhy;
m. vs;frL M. gpz;zhf;F
,. Mkzf;F <. vs;fl;b
5. njhopiyr; nra;Ak; fUj;jhitf; Fwpg;gJ
m. njhopw;ngah; M. Kjdpiy jphpe;j njhopw;ngah;
,. Kjdpiyj; njhopw;ngah; <. tpidahyizAk; ngah;
6. ‘khytd; Fd;wk; Nghdhnyd;d? Ntyd; Fd;wkhtJ vq;fSf;FNtz;Lk;’ -
khytd; Fd;wKk; Ntytd; Fd;wKk; Fwpg;git KiwNa –
m. jpUj;jzpAk; jpUg;gjpAk; M. jpUg;guq;Fd;wKk; godpAk;
,. jpUg;gjpAk; jpUj;jzpAk; <. jpUg;gjpAk; jpUr;nre;J}Uk;
7. nfhLf;fg;gl;l midj;Jr; nrhw;fSk; mike;j nghUj;jkhd njhliuj; Njh;f.
kiy> kio> Nkfk;> MW> Vhp> Fsk;.
m. kiykPJ kionga;J Mw;W nts;sk; Chpd; topNa ngUf;nfLj;J XbaJ.
M. fUj;j Nkfk; kiykPJ kioiag; nghopa MW> Vhp> Fsk; midj;Jk; ePuhy; epuk;gpd.
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ePh;nry> epkpu;e;j khmy; Nghy>
ghL,kpo; gdpf;fly; gUfp>tyd;Vh;G>
NfhL nfhz;L vOe;j nfhLQ; nryT vopyp
ngUk;ngay; nghope;j rpWGd; khiy”
12. ,g;ghly; ,lk; ngw;w E}y;
m. Ky;iyg;ghl;L M. kiygLflhk;
,. ew;wpiz <. FUe;njhif
13. ede;jiy cyfk; - ,j;njhlhpd; nghUs;
m. rpwpacyfk; M. jiyaha cyfk;
,. eide;jcyfk; <. mfd;w cyfk;
14. ghlypy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;s mbvJifr; nrhw;fs;
m. ngUk;ngay;> nghope;j M. ghL,kpo;> gdpf;fly;
,. ghL,kpo;> NfhLnfhz;L <. ePh;nry> epkpu;e;
15. ghlypy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;s msngil–
m. jlf;if M. tis,
,. ngUk;ngay; <. nfhLQ;nryT
gFjp– II (kjpg;ngz;fs; : 18)
gphpT – 1
vitNaDk; ehd;F tpdhf;fSf;F kl;Lk; FWfpa tpilaspf;f. 4x2=8
21 MtJ tpdhtpw;Ff; fl;lhakhf tpilaspf;f Ntz;Lk.;
tpilf;Nfw;w tpdhff
; s; mikf;f.
16. m) jg;ghl;lk; epfo;j;jg;gLk; #oYf;Nfw;g gy;NtW Ml;lf;$Wfisf; nfhz;Ls;ssJ?
(c.E}.g.vz;: 30 )