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Circulatory System

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Manas Khosla
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229 views19 pages

Circulatory System

Uploaded by

Manas Khosla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BIOLOGY NOTES Z, BY BEAST LEARNERS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form on by an electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. Rights reserved @Beast Learners Cireuladony System Tye of Graslodory Stun :— 2) opin Grulatory Qisdern >The blood Hows Through opin spaces os Te body: 2) Closecl Crusator, System athe Sleod Flovs trough vessels Boop !— x opague , riseous Hd 4 Boigh vad ain artery (oxypintted)) ordholarnk rad vin vein CS. xy) * 5 to Ubves by Volume. ¥ Shgatly 0 /katiheGpyRrseg.-3 rons) oe Funchons /— + Helps tn trouy crt 6 Mags Pie aces, extretory material and a rmonel. by algo his tibutes Kh . WBC tn The blood provides protechon by oectroyig The Germs by phagoujpobie ond by prockiting antiboolies. X The plafeles in The blowol hejoe in clothing which preven excess lee dig uv also entry of germs 4° the bodly. Loo ' -——_1_______. Ghai d por of Slood ; Cetlalay Clements 55-607. RBC erythrocyte Wa fer(40-42¢/, Prot tcns (4-8 F,)(tibringgen) WBC (levkeouy #25) | Jnopeaie Sa/4s >40/, (Ne ¢ sodium bicayh, Onafe) Other Substancec Boel phsahes (ghecore, éhormones ; arrmoacicls ) a egtes) R Po ln eae a % The plasma trom which the protein Fibrinogen has beer, sumoved ig called Lem: ¥Red Blood Cells Levitin es) fool male [5 pylon RAL PY ny, > Biorcave bite Like sbuchires |e blood FF mien in chomeser- bet rae, DC's ery, B) Advantage of small give of ABCs? °¢ bier 7 The smallcire and the contampes on uth cide ¥ he RCs provides a karge surface Are Why th Moker ther Lthuieant Contouns &» Nucleus + Do not tontain Haemoglobin ~~ 4000 -8000 per mm of blocel. > Produced An sud bore mango and! tynph noodles > Life Span Two weeks , \ Levkernia> Ts acarcer of biesve forming Wits whose numburfhencricses sMOnifold of Ype casr oF LRCe. ® Levkopenta> Abnorrred clecreae rn number of WRbs Fonerions OF NBCs fost > TAS apo process unewhith most WR Ph GoF pan Bap The nevtvphile seagull Powrtie Aactiu'a and act Ake solid cubs tarces , etperdily ab 0 defensive mechani m agent chiease Jnr. Tntlom motion? Orcuns bur fo the Meochon af hicves @ fo + and fo localized vol on Y Sethe Gt! Hoa The ttuowtes (speci monouyses ard ee migrate Thrrugh The woul) bool pen ry alse ptoley. and Aight OP curs# ou'sea te Castf ¥%e Forrmahon ant’ bockies > The WBC Co pec; Cy rophoua prduce a ee whith kil) oy hora Ze C i or Te poisors fyPrm tum. Wuire Buoor CELLS Grromulan . 4 OPI nn Contauns Granule ¢ “Nucleus vduclly conein ted n/a lobes - Nevtrophils (62+.) “Nucles sith 3-4 Lobes *Orvomuan Cy popletm , Engults boctinia *Prolucccl tn Bone marrow » [- Eosinophils 02-2°) THs wount NREL An allerane J *Necleus usith tuo Lobes. * Lon Poplesmic Gronules. “Gog Testes d *Letrete anhboruss * Astogiatec! uvith sMeay * Preduad un hone m&ou- T Bosophils (o- y+/, Release chemicals Chittam'ne ubtlomrmitian which Mi bode vesselg- : *Procliuud 47 hone porrow. by Pha gouyhosis * Noclé vs Aarge and Anclistincthy Lobedl + lero. Jon- brranvloy ‘ropes clo nod Conta, rounu le ¢ al sing le ae nvtlew, | | Lymphoug tes Gos, "Smallest of W Be *Singie Longe Necley, + Proclucec Ant bods, - Prodseedl in Bone Marrow anf arp | or land. Monocytes (5 -3°/, “Lage f WRe 2 | ‘Netleus ay Kidney (hove Shoes Shoboct f “Ar the siteel cntuhn vanstorm nf macrophay | ° Trgest ros “Produced to Bone Nar} “RBC (exythrogtes) ado not have oo nucleus 2lontarnc hatmoglo bin. > Tn male > cif, permm “In female 9 Us million per rim 7 Procluced in the marrow of ong bores in aclu and bone Maree of all bones am chill, yLife Spon ¥ 120 cogs Funchon :— Ht hos an 86 Pigment collec! hattmogtohin exhich is Loratect > TK Stroma af 2RC. » Haemog/obey hes stron adFinily cf ro. ROcs Kelps 4n Harsporlation of They of a Anvoduad WBe Clevkowtes) + Howe o& nucleus. do not contains Aaemog lohin -? Yo00 -f000 per mm? of blood . > Produced in ted! Sone marrow, Ah nocles and some times evenin Livery and the opleen. > Life Span» 2weeks Functon !— i ‘i erms Pp 1s Qrcctile o ‘5 are alto ws ponad Je ve otlkmnohon of the cite f Upfury o7 ~pbection . Wat ) 7h ° 24 oxhagneg/obin ond| i Reoosport hye Z, . Co, aS cavbamino Jobin. Abnormally untrrose un humbin of RBG? PolycyTte cra Dtroan UnLY ase 4 Res > Led kemian Abnormally kecrease tn Abrormelly, decrease in W2Cs nuumbey - Bay thropenia > Levko penia ms Bloop Parelets — > Oval or Mound ctruchsrrol Non nucleated ? Number ~~ 200,000 4 400,000 /rmm3 of blood > Formotion !— By briakelown of giant bone marrow ulls calked meg akon you tes . >Lfe Spon i 3 405 cloys > Place of derhructon i— Spleen > Function: Help <7 clotting ef bed by secret _ damical cubstone colled Sue AL AOE dissintiorate at The site & cyory fo decrete thromk. nage Clothing. tohich unitiate the process af Foneriows Oe Broo» Crorror!— DAK the cil of unfury as the ploteles flow over Unfered Hough soxface , 7A lisuntig vere te aa a Chemical “allel “hoombbeinace Sieoabled hrombep jy, ") Thrombokinase conver xnachive prothrombin nto actve thomb/s, un the prise of caleiun 10PS- Ht te NOt Conver’, Solvble fibnnoger nfo ate The Abin forms a network ot The site of Yyvry which trom the blood cosplicles this hem Shvinks anol sonst hes to fxm mie or Slvorbus- _ Atte site of clorting o pete cotowud Liquid gs wlleched called hover glen * Blood Sear Sis the Cleam Aigyid part of The lod Aackins Abnirogen xt blood Corprécles QD why bleocl oloesn + dot pneile pebleod vessel? >The protun essuntiol fo clotting , prothrombin anc Librnogen ane present Hh inothue form, > There ik an ontivepet/eot called Aepaxinl Trepottort ] FA tough surface uu beguurd fox fhe platelet fo disinttgrete Lo uclease thrombokmere which Unibotes the process 6f Clotting but the unner lng blood vecsel i's formed of smooth enolothe/ium pe Sppsarn oud spithel'am which proren® peer b dismngrete- , Diseases Recare To PLATELETS | i) Haemophilia. > Gt is co genetic chitorder Lin uth'ch bleod odie pati smernch Thins s cekceee hare Clothing Loch /-e prtirgmin on Jineguce 8 i) vival Dengue Fever > Tre . “4 pun ds \ / olecrtases. er of pktelek an The be d Im Poe 17, — * low kK, a tot Soluble vitamin, 1s ecsertial per the prrduchon & Prrthrombin- Blood CrRouPs leetey Book] 1— Univertal Donor» O Universal Recipient AR | eu Loctor ‘— Rh otande fov Rhesus, ow Common mon key _Broor Cipewrin tory Syererq : —S Sr The Heant + Loc.> Located sup ht xn the: Bee sented; the fo ond chore Laph brag ‘m. “ye % The heant rc re bye ue, walhch, snipibrorout paneohibiol Pencordium: ‘9h containe Lubncohin encahchcf aie Which Se dices ft Fon: oliniy helt ead and prot ech it from mec hep) cap ‘by ioeier % The auruicles howe thinner Welle pe frei major. function is fo sucoive blog from the bo ody and perp Tt unto the yuay next ventyoles- The ventricles hove thick musutan wells because they to pamp blood fo the favthec# point in the body, howe Blood CLOTTING: — cared As sues PEASE __ a Thyombokinase / ol plateless Thrombopleshn Prothrombin rate h Thvombm * Fibvineg en Fibny Grsoluble. (francl in Tied oman forms & nehuosK of ghicky threads HAbes flat Srlub/e) 4 PurMion a RY Veins al Gh brings oxygenated blood. Comiecd & erysenated << ‘s LA sgl C ae g - Lg Carries ©: ted, Blood if xe fa: Left venile teal [, a a ori he ‘eae Catudes A, ote blood from Loutn ports oF body canto Sight adnium Coronnry ArreRres ’— Locoton— A pour coreney antenes anes bose of aorta xf branches A eebranches 7) the walls 4 The heant- kd blood Le he wall; Furchon '— Gt sugplies o7gyinn by muscles af the oe yor The ory Rihen there is a block vena « 5 “prodhes, There isa aduning 4 ont oy move of the” Cores tporclig ua of the bean? mvse ‘ , tes oclug - rnp oncsd undarthon” of a heant etlock. a Votives '— 1 Biever» Varve 1 (Mitral valve) locaton > A the evAve Or And lett ventricle V 7 Precers the backflow of blocd from Lett eotncle fo defy Quwricle doomeg venta Lys 2.Te opening Aw Let! awrite Fuunch'on ' Location > ALA : ‘ , vaio, oprrhye dru sug ht awutle ond saght ae NON HY neivenh fe. brektbu of hleod Som Big he VOR cle nto Hug ht auricle durrg ventriedin Syshole. 3. Pumonaey Seruinoe Valves: — me Location > A+ the ovgen of pole anhe -yorh Right aco me” 7 $ Function > Preven beck tow of blood! from pele Gabor) unto Right ventricle dluring vertrituiin disske 4. Aorne Semiuwar Varves !— : Lovation> Located et the point of ongin of avria from The. lef ventricle Functions Prurents dock Plow blood trom Dortx 42 the left ventricle oluning vertieuter los tole - * Crorppe lendinae _ Lovotiony They are tuncbirous threcds Aovate extuntling bls he Luspid valves x pepillerey ce, Funchon? hobl-the wap valves wm position MN pruwnt “them of in the ventatles moose les- fom ovea fuming une clung ventniwlen systole. 2 !wiP oRTANT '— ‘ he Lecan Grudation of Blood and Avo man pues i“ Kes from the book © Heanr Bear (convac Creve) '— Gntvocton of atha Contraction of ventn¢ [es v Joint iestole (Rothone ruled) * Sysbole of atiay 0-16 sce * yshole of ventricles yo-Joxsee * Toint diastole 3 0.40 Sec * One complete fect beat > 0-66 sec x Sounds Oe Henny -— Sounds Op Henry - The Firs? Cound “LURR” (4 prkund whn whe Gino -Ventriados Griuspil ond biuatprol) valves get case Shorply of The pevalised muscle fibres Locatecl tn the wall GY Pt ouricl tlosed fo He pring A Superior ving Cava, Function» IF prrcluces impulses do initial Qucson Cysble * AVN Location + 9+ 18 0 dpeaahised muccle fibre owiteel wn The walls of Qt. Punle close to De ven Quewular Cenk above the trust pid valve . Funchon + 94 transmik Aiopul tes trom SAN to virtruloer walls as bundle of HIE Grid, Rectinle Abra unitate vuntsulonr qotole Gon ducting Sys temi= SAN —Y AYN —¥ Bundle of His — Purkinje Fibves> Vintrvslos wro0lls. ® Pacemaker !— Location? These are Cpecioshiceel Bhres hovand in the walls of the Aeant, Function > 9¢ wontrols. the contrachon and whox of The heat, chambers ‘ahon Q)Srvoler he size of phe body, faster 8 14's heat bead. ive Reason. . 7 This is hecause, smotten The animal the more ‘s4 lose ° at's bool heat fhosdor clue to hig he, (wrface. volume A10770, U therefore, The Ancreczecl heant Moke is trbutes Arody heat fasten, Trmpor Jont'— a ny SPoVES such as the suman baby, baud Ayton m bch ar bocty growth Dead Tthuutore , the Foster leant ease Leda Me "supply * and “take oA . the metaborie Lubttences in e might qpooh hes, Tez Bioon Vessees'— detury ; An ontery ik a veise/ whith cardeles from the heart Loans any 979 TZ thick mosuan walls ; > a. norvoow Lumen — the blood un iP flows en spark fo the virbriucten Contractors blood cue sopith Cor respord ~ the Aton, Vein: — > P veln is A veese! which cow cf He blood! away puorm on omgen Lo words fhe heat > THIN rrescuton yoolle > a under Lumen — > the Abod unt Flows ssniforr by Capillary -— Spits woul Contish of a single Sas i Sgpamoud epithelial ceils (nae ZF has no muscles Functions -— >To allows ovtuarcl obi onvygen inky the -erpenblultn id and Lm TAe Into the Kieree ely. ~ To adn) Aaukousfes (wR) 70 Sgyueze our hrorgg h Tha capil wolls “by meons 6f amoeboid movement. 970 allew Unword chitfusion of Ce pom the vokonell fd 5 To alla urword ord gutrond hifiscon of subs tonces Abe puuose, omin agit’, urea, hormon 6 fc. PQ Ayterits are generally leap wnside the body. Ye Reason Oo on fuses ye bloool "Maat nde? Aigh prs ond with furks o dn case of an 4 jry the ood wil fod Clot Lea fo exces ive leedung » [lence fo protect the wrtenes They ne cleeply placect uM the body. B)Blood un anfenies flow wrth spur [perks ono! high presiae 2 The antes howe & rava Lumen Phyough whch: whey the byeok Flows the pressure sncreacee. The powtytef fh verticuton S7 s0le causes he b/eoc fo trove Ontents Oth pork Atréoles > Foxmned by bronching d an antery- Vener > Formed by the joming of coppillares. * Arty > Artenole + copillakie 7 venile 7 Your RK Double civulebons gf is the : bleod wyudapron ar which bleod Flows xe *, oN heant fo Sepp Orr gerard bleool one +0 The bbdy. ¥ Padimontsy Gruletions Grudaton of bloodl bj heart Ange. % Sytunic cvulahon »° 9 1's -he ere Ln of blood! 10 the hecs# and rhe becky Orgone cette APO Hepatic Vein CBE <—_ sh (cutee Hepatic Hepatic antery 4 Cosuicl oxpperobesl bltod uo”? 277% fog, Hepat'c vin > Cuyud olvo) t1d Ibleod fuse Lar tnky : ost yudy vue Cowo- ne Masur ontery 5 Sup mh ertigereecl blood! to resting: Hepatic portal vein» It ts the ven which Loup, Cosa the oleoruygenaled Caer hy vera cava Auf “4 cuvdu the blood fo Ke kwer. . Hv Cosvey oluory) otid btooc/ Back in ee ee Orlacoce J omnino oeiclt) from the setae k i he Q)lhy the cleo blood 18 comsatd fom Cin erine wa eg liven oncl not olirecth ward Keath 7 Dhiver th ate alory or monitery Ovgen , 7 Hg puby The volume glucose amino acicle 72 be w'ruleled oe the oe | “ogme excess Pewoe a4 Gyo ond by 1 oF CXS amino Aacicht a5 glucose df wets. HH also clefoxi Lies the blood. Renel artery aH coptilis I Mood suck ar i troperad” Wood pe MS FEAL [gore ; nek we 79 comsuil hevsayenated Abecol having lonantrapi ” us wor joe “he 15 vation forego © oway Pr Povtel ven 9 A vuin brhtch Stuit ondl rerls wsith qpilsed Q) Nome the blood vessels whith lortait '— ‘ &) highes# conunty alton of exzyhosrmog bobin or Least coroutate Y “conbimina hatmegtohin “-y Pulyporaiuy vein 6) Khar tont. of canbarninohagmogto bin 7 Palprorary ashy 9 Mood Pouring wlio max pressor > Paya by highess onc. of cole k amino wucle pu Aoumt attr a meef Apap portol verry OY aven wrth f) me. dein puch meof a Hepasiclbern” “ene of wa aftr P “ F) Artenies wsith hig hast lone. of wtae 7 Renal artery Q) Least Lonuntrotion of urea ~? Lure! vein h) Least Conurtration of RAC unit.vol. of blood > Hepat Vun RH fochy > 9H is @ Type of protean fend on the Surface cf ic ote Ay A prton hows Rp aC rT IS Codted : Yecking | , Dh PoSib ve and The porcen y iF 1S Led GA PA- mes ablve © Pulse $ 9 4 the ght erenate CY ANELED and Lalre saul of the artodol woohls cluning Vv. & Lyttle ond Voliastole . Qeood Pressure te PRESSURE. Blood pressure fs the présswe 6 the pressure whith the blood Fhourrg Thatough The Gortenes Cenk On theih ult ThE too Crnits of this Pressure > Gsholic pressure lashle , Pressure | Nermal blood pressure > 100-140 Coy protic) onl eee , / hios/a cs * D jue An blowd PYRSure above juo/go is known hypertusion Thstrurad ubicl fo measure bod prissure $ Phygmomanonetey ty ifs ithe Laud port of hhood Which Deans Tissue Lhal » 9/4 the yes ho anteyllitas, Spouy pul ef the Cap Mori info 16 Te a aapin ssa of pr . Ou . Js redypumn ang votes Iyfur the bloo OW ory pour Ld Compos ‘Hon 4 > plodine ancl oy RG Syren Furction: 15 O IW chains cidiny He brccess Meso fluid from TK rtonetlealass SE! of an oe OH absor be A Ovutotey filly audlt A genet: @ The fprphow and Trent hed contelnud sn te erate : Aynp Aeferols Ke Pocly *D Spill Mmprabie nok on The sictes of the neck 9 tonsil SPLEEN '— Locations GP 9 Forge Lphahe cron kyreted “pn the ablemes Bekarl The Somach ard eve the Ltt Kiclmug. Functons > 10" Susowoir and reloads Short blood! ur! the Aloo Gtriom A Cade of on Catripency Q HY Prrcucy Lywphouyle. . Leroy, usm out RRC @ 9, oS embryo, he Splun procbset RRG. Theasrke you For more notes. Visit : www.beastlearners.in and download notes for ICSE Class Xth.

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