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Chapter 2: Random variables and random vectors Ngô Đình Bảo Khánh

Question 1 15/15 pts 1

Suppose that a random variable X has a discrete distribution with the following probability mass function:
f (x) = cx for x = 17, ..., 21. Determine c.

Answer: 0.0105

Question 2 15/15 pts 1

A local bakery has determined a probability distribution for the number of cheesecakes that they sell on a
given day.

X= #sold 0 5 10 15 20
Probability 0.23 0.53 0.05 ...? 0.05

1. What is the probability of selling 15 cheesecakes in a given day?

Question 3 9/15 pts 0-1

A 40-year-old man in the U.S. has a 0.25% risk of dying during the next year. An insurance company charges
$270 per year for a life-insurance policy that pays a $100,000 death benefit.

Let X be the profit of the customer (which could be negative in the case of a loss). Complete the
probability distribution table.

Note:

List the values of X from smallest to largest.

X 270 99730

P 0.9975 0.0025

What is the expected profit for the person buying the insurance?

Anwser: $ 518.65 for the year

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Question 4 15/15 pts 1

Consider the discrete random variable X given in the table below.

X 3 4 8 10 11 20
P(X) 0.1 0.12 0.08 0.09 0.14 0.47

1. Calculate the mean, variance, and standard deviation of X .

E(X) = 13.26

V (X) = 46.0524

σ(X) = 6.7862

2. Let Y = X1 + X2, where X1 and X2 are two independent random variables with the same distribution
as X. Find the mean, variance, and standard deviation of Y .

E(Y ) = 26.52

V (Y ) = 92.1048

σ(Y ) = 9.5971

3. Let Z = X1 − X2,where X1 and X2 are two independent random variables with the same distribution
as X. Find the mean, variance, and standard deviation of Z .
E(Z) = 0

V (Z) = 92.1048

σ(X) = 9.5971

Question 5 15/15 pts 1

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Let X be a discrete random variable that has a probability mass function f(x) and a cumulative distribution
function F(x).

1. Complete the table below by determining F(x).

x f (x) F(x)

0 0.186 0.186

1 0.188 0.374

2 0.286 0.66

3 0.167 0.827

4 0.173 1

2. Compute the probability P (0.5 < X ≤ 3) .

Question 6 10/10 pts 0-1

In a product quality inspection, products are tested in two rounds. A product is qualified if it has a rating
of 1 or 2, and it is not qualified if it has a rating of 0. The following is the joint probability distribution:
Round 1 (X)
0 1 2
0 0.029 0.068 0.103
Round
1 0.011 0.123 0.109
2 (Y)
2 0.107 0.234 0.216

1. If a product is randomly chosen, find the probability that this product is evaluated as qualified in
both rounds.
Answer: 0.682
2. If a product is randomly chosen, find the probability that this product is evaluated as qualified in the
second round given that it is not qualified in the first round.
Answer: 0.8027
3. Compute E(XY ) .
Answer: 1.673

Question 7 15/15 pts 0-1

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Consider a game which is simplified from a Vietnamese traditional game. To start this game, a kid must
throw a stone into the goal region, which consists of a circle and a square with a radius of 20 cm.

1. Find the probability that the kid's stone fell into the square, given that the stone was in the goal
region.
Answer: 0.718
2. If the assigned scores are given as below:
S1 = 4 , S2 = 5 , and S3 = 3 (see the figure), find the average score that a kid can earn in one
throw.
Answer: 3.8459

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