Christ College of Engineering and Technology

(Approved by AICTE and Affiliated to Pondicherry University)

An ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Institution
Pitchaveeranpet, Moolakulam, Oulgaret, Puducherry – 605 010

MBAH029: BUSINESS ANALYTICS LAB – II

Submitted by

NAME : M. RAJKAMAL
REGISTER NUMBER 22810178
YEAR/SEMESTER : I YEAR / II SEMESTER

LAB MANUAL

Certified that this is the bonafide record of work done by the above student in the Laboratory
during the year 2022-2023
 Christ College of Engineering and Technology
(Approved by AICTE and Affiliated to Pondicherry University)
An ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Institution
Pitchaveeranpet, Moolakulam, Oulgaret, Puducherry – 605 010

DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

Name : M. RAJKAMAL

Semester/Year : II Semester / I Year

CERTIFICATE

Certified that this is the bonafide record of work done by the above student in the BUSINESS

ANALYTICS LAB –II Laboratory during the year 2022-2023.

Staff in-Charge Head of the Department

Submitted for the Practical Examination held on

Internal Examiner
 Christ College of Engineering and Technology
(Approved by AICTE and Affiliated to Pondicherry University)
An ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Institution
Pitchaveeranpet, Moolakulam, Oulgaret, Puducherry – 605 010

VISION

“To become a center of excellence promoting administrators and socially responsible

entrepreneurs with global competency through high quality value-based edification and
research in management studies”

MISSION

HIGHER ORDER SKILLS:

To equip management aspirants with the higher order skills of problem-solving and
decision making.

LEARNING ENVIRONMENT:

To provide conducive learning environment rendering the best experience on learning

Business.

RESEARCH:

To create a feasible platform for Industry-Institute Interaction, collaborative

initiatives, research, etc., to facilitate teaching and learning community in contributing
towards the Corporate / Entrepreneurial Initiatives.

SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY:

To enable the management aspirants exhibit managerial and entrepreneurial

competency with social responsibility.
S.No CONTENTS Page No
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Opening Excel 1
1.2 Getting Started 1
1.3 Excel Interface 2
1.4 To minimize and maximize the Ribbon 2
1.5 To Customize the Ribbon in Excel 2013 3
2 FORMULA and FUNCTIONS 4
2.1 Formula Bar 4
2.2 Functions 5
2.3 Display Date of the day 6
2.4 Display the time 6
3 TEXT FUNCTION 7
3.1 Measure the length of the word 7
3.2 Display the Letters from Right side 8
3.3 Display the Letters from Left side 8
3.4 Display the Letters in middle of the word 8
3.5 Combine two Words 8
3.6 Substitute 9
3.7 Exact 10
3.8 Upper 10
3.9 Lower 10
3.10 Proper 11
3.11 Randbetween 11
3.12 Choose 12
3.13 Text 12
3.14 Find 12
4 ERRORS IN EXCEL 13
4.1 Hash Error 13
4.2 Name Error 13
4.3 Value Error 14
4.4 Division Error 14
4.5 Null Error 15
4.6 Reference Error 15
5 CELL REFERENCE 16
6 HYPERLINK 17
7 NUMBER FUNCTION 19
7.1 Round, Roundup, Rounddown 19
7.2 ABS 19
7.3 Iseven 20
7.4 Arabic 20
 7.5 Unichar 20
7.6 Power 21
7.7 Product 21
7.8 Quotient 21
7.9 Square Root 21
7.10 MOD 22
7.11 Mround 22
7.12 Isnumber 22
7.13 Rank 22
7.14 Text 23
7.15 Workday 23
7.16 LCM 23
7.17 INT 23
7.18 Number Conversion (Binary, Octal, Hexa Decimal) 24
7.19 Sumproduct 24
7.20 Find and Replace 25
8 EXCEL STATISTICS FUNCTIONS 26
8.1 MAX, MIN, COUNT, COUNTA, LARGE, SMALL 26
COUNTBLANK FUNCTIONS
8.2 Logical Function: AND Function 27
8.3 IF Function 28
8.4 OR Function 28
9 LOOKUP and VLOOKUP Function 29
10 EXCEL APPLICATIONS 30
10.1 Standard Deviation 30
10.2 Chi Square Test 30
10.3 Monthly Installment Calculation 31
10.4 Check box based Sum calculation 32
10.5 Mark Statements and Result Analysis 34
10.6 Sales Dash Board 34
10.7 Eligibility criteria by using IF & AND function 35
10.8 Students Fee Submission Report 35
10.9 MATCH and INDEX Function 35
10.10 LOOKUP, VLOOKUP, MATCH and INDEX Function 37
in single worksheet
10.11 BREAK EVEN ANALYSIS 37
11 SUBTOTAL 39
EX.NO: 01

INTRODUCTION
AIM:

To introduce the Excel 2013

PROCEDURE:

STEP 1: Click the Start button All Programs Microsoft Office

Microsoft Excel 2013.

1
STEP 2: From the Excel Start Screen, locate and select Blank workbook to access the
Excel interface.

STEP 3: Click the Ribbon Display Options arrow in the upper-right corner of the
Ribbon.

2
 STEP 4: To customize the ribbon, Right-click the Ribbon and select Customize the
Ribbon from the drop-down menu.

RESULT:

Thus, Opening Excel, Getting Started, Excel Interface, To minimize and maximize
and customize the Ribbon in Ms Excel 2013 was performed and output have been obtained.

3
EX.NO: 02

FORMULA and FUNCTIONS

AIM:

To use formula and functions in Ms Excel 2013.

PROCEDURE:

STEP 1: Select the cell that will contain the formula.

STEP2 : Type the equals sign (=). It appears in both the cell and the formula bar.

STEP 3: Select the cell that will contain the function. In our example, C11 was
selected.

STEP 4: Type the equals sign (=) and enter the desired function name. You can
also select the desired function from the list of suggested functions that will appear
below the cell as you type. In our example, =AVERAGE was selected.

4
STEP 5: Enter the cell range for the argument inside parentheses. In our example,
(C3:C10) was taken. This formula will add the values of cells C3:C10 and then
divide that value by the total number of cells in the range to determine the average.

STEP 6: Press Enter on your keyboard. The function will be calculated, and the
result will appear in the cell.

5
STEP 7: Select the cell that will contain the function and Click the Formulas tab on the
Ribbon to access the Function Library.

STEP 8: From the Function Library group, select the Date & Time function category.

STEP 9: Select the desired function from the drop-down menu. First, Select DATE for
inserting the date and repeat the same by selecting TIME for inserting the time.

RESULT:

Thus, display of Date and Time function and use of formula has been performed.

6
EX.NO: 03

TEXT FUNCTION
AIM:

To perform Text functions in Ms Excel 2013 application.

PROCEDURE:

STEP 1: Select the cell that will contain the function. In our example, C4 was
selected.

STEP 2: Type the equals sign (=) and enter as LEN. Enter the cell range for the
argument inside parentheses. In our example, B4 was taken and Press Enter.

7
STEP 3: To display the letters from Right, Left and middle of the word, Select the
cell that will contain the function.

STEP 4: Type the equals sign (=) and enter as RIGHT for right, LEFT for left and
MID for middle word. Then enter the number of characters to be displayed. Press
Enter to execute the result.

STEP 5: To Combine two Words, Type the equals sign (=) and enter as
CONCATENATE. Select words in the cells to be merged. Press Enter to execute the
result.

8
STEP 6: To display the Substitute:

- Assuming the word is in cell B6 and you want to replace "old" with "new",
use the formula =SUBSTITUTE(B6, "old", "new").

9
STEP7: To display the Exact:

- Assuming the first word is in cell B6 and the second word is in cell C6, use the formula
=EXACT(B6, C6) to check if they are exactly the same.

STEP 8: To display the Upper:

- Assuming the word is in cell A1, use the formula =UPPER(A1) to convert it to uppercase.

STEP 9: To display the Lower:

- Assuming the word is in cell A1, use the formula =LOWER(A1) to convert it to
lowercase.

10
STEP 10: To display the Proper:

- Assuming the word is in cell A1, use the formula =PROPER(A1) to convert it to proper
case (capitalize the first letter of each word).

STEP 11: To display the Randbetween:

- Assuming you want a random number between 1 and 100, use the formula
=RANDBETWEEN(B5, C5).

11
STEP 12: To display the Choose:

- Assuming you have a list of words in cells B5 to B7 and you want to choose a
random word, use the formula =CHOOSE(RANDBETWEEN(5,7),B5, B6,B7).

STEP 13: To display the Text:

- Assuming you want to text a specific word use the formula =TEXT(B5,”$#,##0”).

STEP 14: To display the Find:

- Assuming you want to find the position of a specific word within a sentence in cell
B5, use the formula =FIND(B5, C5)

RESULT:

Thus, text function was performed in excel and the output was obtained.

12
EX:NO:04

ERRORS IN
AIM: EXCEL
To perform Errors in Excel.

PROCEDURE:

STEP 1: In excel , it consist of some list of errors which is shown below i.e., Hash
Error, Name Error, Value Error, Division Error, Null Error.

STEP 2: HASH ERRORS- Excel might show ##### in cells when a column isn't wide
enough to show all of the cell contents. Formulas that return dates and times as negative
values can also show as #####.

STEP 3: To correct hash errors, To make a column wider to show cell contents in full,
double-click the right edge of the column header, or drag it to the width you want.

STEP 4: The NAME error, signifies that something needs to be corrected in the syntax,
so when you see the error in your formula, resolve it. To avoid typos in formula names,
use the Formula Wizard in Excel. When you start typing a formula name in a cell or the
Formula Bar, a list of formulas matching to the words you have entered displays in a
dropdown. You can also use the Function Wizard to avoid the syntactical errors. Select
the cell with the formula, and on the Formulas tab, press Insert Function .

13
 STEP 5: VALUE ERROR- #VALUE ERROR says that there's something wrong with
the way your formula is typed or there's something wrong with the cells you are
referencing.

 In the above basic Excel formula, we are trying to add numbers from A2 to A6 in cell
A7, and we have got the result of #VALUE! Error. In cell A5, we have a value as
“Forty,” which is the wrong data type, so it returns #VALUE!
 To get the correct sum of these numbers, we can use the SUM function in excel.
 The SUM function has ignored the wrong data type in cell A5, adding the remaining
cell values and giving the total.

STEP 6: DIVISION ERROR- Microsoft Excel shows the #DIV/0! error when a
number is divided by zero (0). It happens when you enter a simple formula like =5/0, or
when a formula refers to a cell that has 0 or is blank, as shown in this picture.

To correct the error, do any of the following:

 Make sure the divisor in the function or formula isn’t zero or a blank cell.
 Change the cell reference in the formula to another cell that doesn’t have a zero (0) or
blank value.
 Enter #N/A in the cell that’s referenced as the divisor in the formula, which will
change the formula result to #N/A to indicate the divisor value isn’t available.

14
 STEP 7: NULL ERRORS-The #NULL! error is quite rare in Excel, and is usually the
result of a typo where a space character is used instead of a comma (,) or colon (:)
between two cell references. In the screen below, the formula in C9 returns the
#NULL error: =SUM(C3 C7) // returns #NULL!

In this case the input was meant to be the range C3:C7, but the colon did not get
typed. Once the colon is added, the error is fixed.

STEP 8: REFERENCE ERROR- The #REF! error shows when a formula refers to a
cell that’s not valid. This happens most often when cells that were referenced by
formulas get deleted, or pasted over.

RESULT:

Thus, errors are performed and output was executed in MS Excel.

15
EX.NO: 05

CELL REFERENCE
AIM:

To perform cell reference function in Ms Excel 2013.

PROCEDURE:

STEP 1: To Create Relative and Absolute Cell references, Select the cell that will contain
the formula and Enter the formula to calculate the desired value.

STEP 2: Press Enter. The formula will be calculated, and the result will be displayed in
the cell.

STEP 3: Copy the formula and page in other relevant fields.

STEP 4: Now, The formula will be copied to the selected cells with relative references,
and the values will be calculated in each cell.

RESULT:

Thus, Cell reference was performed and executed in Ms Excess.

16
EX.NO: 06

HYPERLINK
AIM:

To perform hyperlink function in Ms Excel 2013.

PROCEDURE:

STEP 1: To create a hyperlink to another cell in your spreadsheet, right click on the cell
where the hyperlink should go. Select Hyperlink from the popup menu.

STEP 2: the Insert Hyperlink window appears, click on the "Place In This
Document" on the left. Enter the text to display. In this example, It was entered
"Hyperlink to cell A5". This is the value that will be displayed in Excel.

17
 STEP 3: Next enter the cell reference that the hyperlink points to. It was chosen to link
to cell A5. Click the OK button.

RESULT:

Thus, Hyperlink function was performed and output executed in Ms Excel.

18
EX.N0:7

NUMBER
AIM:

To perform number functions in MS Excel 2013.

PROCEDURE:

STEP 1: Create or open the spreadsheet file. Enter the number or data in the
desired cells where you want to perform the functions.

STEP 2: Use the following functions to perform specific calculations or operations:

A) To enter Round, Roundup and Round down you can use the following syntax

= ROUND(number, num_digits): Rounds a number to a specified number of digits.

B) To enter ABS

= ABS (number): Returns the absolute value of a number (removes the negative sign).

19
C) To enter Iseven

=ISEVEN(number): Checks if a number is even and returns TRUE or FALSE.

D) To enter Arabic

=ARABIC(text): Converts a Roman numeral to an Arabic numeral.

E) To enter Unichar:

=UNICHAR(number): Returns the Unicode character for a given number.

20
F) To enter Power:

=POWER(number, power): Raises a number to a specified power.

G) To enter Product:

=PRODUCT(number1, number2, ...): Multiplies the numbers and returns the product.

H) To enter Quotient:

=QUOTIENT(number1, number2): Returns the integer portion of a division operation.

I) To enter Square Root:

=SQRT(number): Calculates the square root of a number.

21
J) To enter MOD:

=MOD(number, divisor): Returns the remainder of a division operation.

K) To enter Mround:

=MROUND(number, multiple): Rounds a number to the nearest specified multiple.

L) To enter Isnumber:

=ISNUMBER(value): Checks if a value is a number and returns TRUE or FALSE.

M) To enter Rank:

=RANK(number, ref, order): Returns the rank of a number within a given reference.

22
N) To enter Text:

=TEXT(value, format): Converts a value to text

using a specified format.

O) To enter Workday:

=WORKDAY(start_date, days, holidays):

Calculates the end date after a specified number
of working days.

P) To enter LCM:

=LCM(number1, number2, ...): Returns the least common multiple

of the numbers.

Q) To enter INT:

=INT(number): Rounds a number down to the

nearest integer.

23
R) To enter Number Conversion (Binary, Octal, Hexadecimal):

- BIN2DEC(binary_number): Converts a binary number to decimal.

- OCT2DEC(octal_number): Converts an octal number to decimal.

- HEX2DEC(hexadecimal_number): Converts a hexadecimal number to decimal.

S) To enter Sum product:

=SUMPRODUCT(array1, array2, ...): Calculates the sum of the products of corresponding

array elements.

24
T) To enter Find and Replace:

=FIND(find_text, within_text, [start_num]): Searches for a text within another text and
returns the starting position.

STEP 3: Enter the desired formulas in the respective cells to perform the
required calculations.

STEP 4: Use the appropriate function syntax for each function mentioned above.

STEP 5: Adjust the arguments or parameters based on your specific requirements.

STEP 6: Repeat Steps 3to 5 for each function you want to use.

STEP 7: Verify that the results are calculated correctly.

STEP 8: Save the spreadsheet file.

RESULT:

The spreadsheet will contain the calculated results based on the number functions
applied to the given data.

25
EX.NO:8

EXCEL STATISTICS AND

AIM: FUNCTIONS

To perform excel statistics and functions in MS Excel 2013.

PROCEDURE:

STEP 1: Enter your data into the spreadsheet.

STEP 2: Use the MAX function to find

the maximum value in a range of cells.
For example, type "=MAX(A1:A10)" to
find the maximum value in cells A1 to
A10.

STEP 3: Use the MIN function to find the

minimum value in a range of cells. For
example, type "=MIN(A1:A10)" to find
the minimum value in cells A1 to A10.

STEP 4: Use the COUNT function to count

the number of cells that contain numbers in
a range. For example, type
"=COUNT(A1:A10)" to count the number
of cells in cells A1 to A10 that contain
numbers.

26
STEP 5: Use the COUNTA function to
count the number of cells that are not empty
in a range. For example, type
"=COUNTA(A1:A10)" to count the number
of non-empty cells in cells A1 to A10.

STEP 6: Use the LARGE function to find the

nth largest value in a range of cells. For
example, type "=LARGE(A1:A10, 2)" to find
the second-largest value in cells A1 to A10.

STEP 7: Use the SMALL function to find the

nth smallest value in a range of cells. For
example, type "=SMALL(A1:A10, 3)" to find
the third-smallest value in cells A1 to A10.

STEP 8: Use the COUNTBLANK function to

count the number of empty cells in a range. For
example, type "=COUNTBLANK(A1:A10)" to
count the number of empty cells in cells A1 to
A10.

STEP 9: Use the AND function to check if

multiple conditions are all true. For
example, type "=AND(B2>=60, C2>=90)"
to check if cell A1 is greater than 5 and
cell B1 is less than 10. The function will
return "TRUE" if both conditions are
“TRUE” and "FALSE" otherwise.

27
 STEP 10: Use the IF function to check whether a condition is met, and returns one
value if true and another value if false. For example, the score is > or = to 60, the IF
function returns Pass, else it returns Fail.

STEP 11: Use the OR function, returns TRUE if any of the conditions are TRUE and
returns FALSE if all conditions are false. For example, The OR function returns
TRUE if at least one score is > or = to 60, else it returns FALSE.

RESULT:

Thus, Excel Statistics and Functions have been performed and executed in Excel.

28
EX:NO:09

AIM: LOOKUP AND VLOOKUP

FUNCTION
To perform lookup and Vlookup function in MS Excel.

PROCEDURE:

STEP 1: The lookup function performs a rough match lookup either in a one-row or
one-column range and returns the corresponding value from another one-row or one-
column range.

A table list of sellers in column D

(D2:D5) and the products they sold in
column E (E2:E5). Then creating a
dashboard where users will enter the
seller's name in B2 and need a formula
that would pull a corresponding product in
B3. The task can be easily accomplished with this formula:
=LOOKUP(B2,D2:D5,E2:E5)

STEP 2: Use VLOOKUP when you

need to find things in a table or a range
by row. For example, look up a price
of an automotive part by the part
number, or find an employee name
based on their employee ID.

In its simplest form, the VLOOKUP function says:

=VLOOKUP(What you want to look up, where you want to look for it, the column
number in the range containing the value to return, return an Approximate or Exact
match – indicated as 1/TRUE, or 0/FALSE)

RESULT: Thus, lookup and vlookup function has been performed and output executed in
Ms Excel.

29
EX:NO:10

EXCEL APPLICATION
AIM:

To perform excel applications in MS Excel.

PROCEDURE:

STEP 1: To calculate the Standard deviation let’s take a dataset for a range of weights
from a sample of a population i.e marks in our example. Using the marks listed in
column B, the formula will look like this when applied: =STDEV. P(B2:B9). In return,
Excel will provide the standard deviation of the applied data, as well as the average.

STEP 2: To calculate a Chi square, create a set data with two categorical variables
and then, in a different location calculate the expected frequencies of the same dataset.
It is very simple and defined by the formula = (row total x column total) / grand total.
Then use this formula =CHISQ.TEST(B3:D4,B10:D11) in a different cell.

30
STEP 3: The syntax for the monthly instalment function is: PMT( rate, nper, pv, fv, type)

Where:

 Rate: The interest rate for the loan.

 Nper: The total number of payments for the loan.
 Pv: The present value of the loan; also known as the principal.
 Fv: The future value of the loan, or zero if you want Excel to calculate it for you.
 Type: The number 0 or 1, where 0 indicates that payments are due at the end of the
period and 1 indicates that payments are due at the beginning of the period.

31
 STEP 4: To do checkbox based sum calculation, Insert the checkbox from the
Developer option. To use the to use the check box result in a formula, select a check
box, press the Ctrl key, and click on the check box and Click in the Formula Bar, and
type an equal sign =. Now, Click on the cell that you want to link to, and press Enter.

STEP 5: Then right click one checkbox, and choose Format Control. In the Format Object
dialog box, click Control tab, and then click button beside the Cell link option to select a
blank cell which relative to your selected checkbox as the link cell, and don’t change any
other options.

32
STEP 6: And then click OK to close this dialog, there will be a TRUE displayed at
the selected cell if the checkbox is check, and a blank cell if the checkbox is
unchecked. Then you need to repeat above steps to set a link cell for each checkbox of
the column, and had better link the cell with the corresponding checkbox in the same
row.

STEP 7: Then use the formula,

=SUMPRODUCT(($D$2:$D$15=TRUE)*$C$2:$C$15), [D2:D15 - is the range of

the link cells that you have set for the checkboxes, and C2:C15 refers to the cells that
you want to sum] and then press Enter key to add the checked checkboxes related to
the values in column C.

33
STEP 8: Create a student database with their marks, To find out the Total mark of a
student use SUM function, AVERAGE function to find average marks, IF function to
find out the grade based on the marks secured, and COUNIF with AND function to
find out the result based on the average mark of the student.

STEP 9: To create Sales Dashboard, load the data into Excel using ETL (Extract
Transform Load) tools that helps to extracts data from a source and loads them into a
destination. Once the data is available in Excel open a new Excel Workbook & create
two tabs/ sheets. One is Sales Dashboard and the other is for Raw Data.

34
STEP 10: Now create a table with raw data. One can add all the items present in the
column by clicking on the empty cell at the end of the column and type the =SUM
formula. Once you figure out the metrics you can use Excel tools to create
visualizations for those metrics. These visualizations include pivot tables, auto shapes,
charts, names ranges, Marcos, etc.

STEP 11: Now go to Sales Dashboard Excel sheet. In the Dashboard sheet, select
Insert from the top left corner of the window. Now you will be able to see a lot of
different kinds of charts offered by Excel. Choose the chart of your choice. Now the
chart will appear on the screen. Right-click with your mouse on the chart and add the
data sources, names and labels. After making the changes click on the Ok button.

STEP 12: To Create Students fee Submission report, create a student’s database with
the details of fees paid by them. Now, Sum-up the total fees paid using IF and SUM
condition. Then, Calculate fees pending details using IFERROR function.

STEP 13: INDEX returns the value of a cell in a table based on the column and row
number. To use the INDEX function, Create database as shown below. Type
“=INDEX( )” and select the area of the table, then add a comma then type the row
number and column number (in our example we taken Gawtham) for which the value
to be displayed. Press enter to display the result.

35
STEP 14: MATCH functions returns the position of a cell in a row or column. To use
the MATCH function, Create database as shown below. Type “=MATCH( )” and link
to the cell containing “Gawtham” the name we want to look up. Then, Select all the
cells in the Name column (including the “Name” header). Type zero “0” for an exact
match. The result is that Gawtham is in row “4.”

36
STEP 15: The functions of LOOKUP, VLOOKUP, MATCH and INDEX are used in
a single worksheet as per procedures given before.

STEP 16: To use Break even analysis in excel, Create an database by which we
assume we know the units sold, cost per unit, fixed cost, and profit. Use the formula
for calculating the missing items/data.

37
  Type the formula, = B6/B2+B4 into Cell B1 to calculating the

Unit Price,

 Type the formula, = B1*B2 into Cell B3 to calculate the revenue, and

 Type the formula, = B2*B4 into Cell B5 to calculate variable costs.

If any value is changed, for instance, the value of the forecasted unit sold or cost per
unit or fixed costs, the value of the unit price will change automatically.

RESULT:

Thus, various Excel function have been performed and executed in Ms Excel.

38
EX.NO: 11

SUBTOTAL
AIM:

To perform Subtotal function in Ms Excel 2013.

PROCEDURE:

STEP 1: First, sort your worksheet by the data you want to subtotal.

STEP 2: Select the Data tab, then click the Subtotal command.

STEP 3: The Subtotal dialog box will appear. Click the drop-down arrow for the At each
change in: field to select the column you want to subtotal. In our example, It was
selected for T-Shirt Size.

STEP 4: Click the drop-down arrow for the Use function: field to select the function you
want to use. In our example, It was selected as COUNT to count the number of shirts
ordered in each size.

39
 STEP 5: In the Add subtotal to: field, select the column where you want the calculated
subtotal to appear. Then Click OK. In our example, It was selected for T-Shirt Size.

STEP 6: The worksheet will be outlined into groups, and the subtotal will be listed
below each group. In our example, the data is now grouped by T-shirt size, and the
number of shirts ordered in that size appears below each group.

RESULT:

Thus, Subtotal function was performed and executed in Ms Excel.

40