The document discusses free-body diagrams (FBDs) which are used in engineering mechanics to analyze the forces acting on isolated bodies. It provides:
1) Guidelines for constructing FBDs including showing only external forces, labeling forces with symbols or values, and indicating relevant dimensions.
2) Common types of external forces based on the supporting body, such as weight (W), tension (T), normal force (N), friction (F), and their representations.
3) An example problem demonstrating how to draw the FBD of a rigid bar supported by a cable, floor, and wall, by showing the relevant external forces.
The document discusses free-body diagrams (FBDs) which are used in engineering mechanics to analyze the forces acting on isolated bodies. It provides:
1) Guidelines for constructing FBDs including showing only external forces, labeling forces with symbols or values, and indicating relevant dimensions.
2) Common types of external forces based on the supporting body, such as weight (W), tension (T), normal force (N), friction (F), and their representations.
3) An example problem demonstrating how to draw the FBD of a rigid bar supported by a cable, floor, and wall, by showing the relevant external forces.
The document discusses free-body diagrams (FBDs) which are used in engineering mechanics to analyze the forces acting on isolated bodies. It provides:
1) Guidelines for constructing FBDs including showing only external forces, labeling forces with symbols or values, and indicating relevant dimensions.
2) Common types of external forces based on the supporting body, such as weight (W), tension (T), normal force (N), friction (F), and their representations.
3) An example problem demonstrating how to draw the FBD of a rigid bar supported by a cable, floor, and wall, by showing the relevant external forces.
The document discusses free-body diagrams (FBDs) which are used in engineering mechanics to analyze the forces acting on isolated bodies. It provides:
1) Guidelines for constructing FBDs including showing only external forces, labeling forces with symbols or values, and indicating relevant dimensions.
2) Common types of external forces based on the supporting body, such as weight (W), tension (T), normal force (N), friction (F), and their representations.
3) An example problem demonstrating how to draw the FBD of a rigid bar supported by a cable, floor, and wall, by showing the relevant external forces.
(A WORKBOOK/GUIDE FOR ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE STUDENTS)
By:Engr. Renato Guiao Gopez (MSCE – Structural)
FREE-BODY DIAGRAM (FBD)
FREE–BODY DIAGRAM (FBD) FBD is the sketch of the isolated view of the body or group of bodies which shows only the external forces exerted or acting on the body. The mentioned sketch could be the FBD of a JOINT, a MEMBER or BODY, a group of MEMBERS or BODIES, or the whole STRUCTURE. Most problems in Engineering Mechanics require the construction of FBD for the analysis of the body or group of bodies under the condition of equilibrium. The following describes some of the most common types of bodily contact or support and the corresponding representation of these bodies that were removed from the isolated body.
A). GRAVITATIONAL PULL OF THE EARTH
The weight of the body is always directed downward due to the pull of the earth’s gravity. The symbol used to represent the weight of a body is the capital letter W. In most cases, this weight of the body is considered in the analysis. However, there are times when the weight is not included in the analysis. If its value is almost negligible in comparison to the loads or forces that the body is subjected to, then it is not considered in the analysis for simplicity of the solution. B). FLEXIBLE CORD, ROPE, OR CABLE (Negligible Weight) A pull or tension, or tensile force is the action exerted by a flexible cable, rope, or cord in which its own weight is not usually considered in the analysis. This tensile action is along the direction of the cable and the symbol used to represent this is capital letter T. C). SMOOTH SURFACE (Single Point of Contact) A smooth surface which is in contact (at single point of contact) to another body produces a reaction that is perpendicular to this smooth surface. The symbol used to denote this reaction is capital letter N. D). ROUGH SURFACE (Single Point of Contact) A rough surface which is in contact (at single point of contact) to another body produces a reaction that contains two components. These are the components Normal or Perpendicular and Tangential or Parallel to the rough surface. The tangential component is actually the friction force between the contact surfaces. The symbols used to denote these reaction components are any capital letter with a subscript of capital N (for the normal) and T (for the tangential) as shown in the table. E). ROLLER SUPPORT A roller support produces a reaction similar to that of a smooth surface. The reaction is perpendicular to the surface where the roller is moving. The symbol used to represent this reaction is the capital letter R. F). SMOOTH PIN OR HINGE SUPPORT A smooth pin or hinge support produces a reaction that usually has two components, that is, the horizontal or X-component and the vertical or Y–component. These are represented by a symbol of any capital letter with X and Y subscripts. This smooth pin is a frictionless cylindrical metal that has a smaller diameter than the hole where it will be placed. G). FIXED (BUILT-IN) SUPPORT A fixed (built-in) support is a support that prevents all the action of that body at that point. It prevents the body from moving in vertical, horizontal, and rotational motions. These are denoted by capital letters with subscripts as shown in the table.
Free-Body Diagram in Engineering Mechanics 41
NOTES AND PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING MECHANICS (A WORKBOOK/GUIDE FOR ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE STUDENTS) By:Engr. Renato Guiao Gopez (MSCE – Structural)
FREE-BODY DIAGRAMS
Type of Body Sketch of Action of Body Removed
Removed Reacting Bodies upon the Free Body
Earth
Earth W
T T Flexible Cord, Rope, or Cable (weight neglected) W
Smooth Surface (Single point 90O of contact) 90O N N
Rough Surface 90O
(Single point 90O of contact) FT FN FT FN
R Roller Support R 90O
A AX Smooth Pin AY Or Hinge Support B BX BY
D DX Fixed (Built-in) Support MD DY
Free-Body Diagram in Engineering Mechanics 42
NOTES AND PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING MECHANICS (A WORKBOOK/GUIDE FOR ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE STUDENTS) By:Engr. Renato Guiao Gopez (MSCE – Structural)
PROCEDURE IN CONSTRUCTING FREE-BODY DIAGRAMS:
1. Draw a sketch or diagram of the body or group of bodies completely isolated from all other bodies. This may consist of the whole assembled structure or any combination or part of it 2. Represent the action of each body or support that is removed by a force or its components. 3. Label each force by its magnitude, if known, or by a symbol, if unknown. 4. Indicate all the relevant dimensions of the isolated body. 5. Specify the position or angle of inclination of the line of action of all the forces acting on the isolated body.
SOME POINTERS TO REMEMBER IN CONSTRUCTING A FBD:
1. Neatness in drawing the isolated body. 2. All relevant dimensions, angles, and forces should be labeled clearly whether by their values (if known), or by symbols (if unknown). 3. Use the symbols presented in the table for consistency. 4. Only external forces should be shown in the FBD.
PROBLEMS in FBD CONSTRUCTIONS
PROBLEM 01. A uniform rigid bar that weighs 5 KN/m is supported by a cable at point B, a smooth horizontal floor at point A, and a corner edge of a wall at point C. Neglecting the weight of the cable, draw the FBD of the uniform rigid bar. Figure, P = 2KN 2m E
2m D wall uniform rigid bar 2m cable B 2m smooth surface A
8m P = 2KN
2m E 10m Solution: C WD = 5 (12) = 60KN FBD of the uniform rigid bar, 2m RC D
2m B TB 2m A
8m NA
Free-Body Diagram in Engineering Mechanics 43
NOTES AND PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING MECHANICS (A WORKBOOK/GUIDE FOR ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE STUDENTS) By:Engr. Renato Guiao Gopez (MSCE – Structural)
PROBLEM 02 A cylinder weighing 40 KN supported by a cable is resting or a uniform rigid bar which weighs 2 KN/m. This bar is supported by a roller at point C and a hinge at point A. From the given figure, determine the following: a). FBD of the cylinder. b). FBD of the uniform rigid bar. c). FBD of the cylinder and uniform rigid bar. Figure, F 60 Cable Cylinder
30 E A
B 4m D C
2m 2m
SOLUTION:
a).FBD of the Cylinder, c).FBD of cylinder and uniform bar,
TE 30O TE 30 WE AY Cylinder E AX WB 30 E D A
30O B ND W=40KN C 4m D 2m 2m b). FBD of the uniform rigid bar, RC
AY AX 30 ND A B
4m W D C
2m 2m RC
Free-Body Diagram in Engineering Mechanics 44
NOTES AND PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING MECHANICS (A WORKBOOK/GUIDE FOR ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE STUDENTS) By:Engr. Renato Guiao Gopez (MSCE – Structural)
PRACTICE PROBLEMS in FBD
PRACTICE PROBLEM 01 In the figure shown, assume that all the contact points are smooth. The weight of cylinder 1 is 800KN, cylinder 2 is 400KN, and cylinder 3 is 700KN. (a). Draw the FBD of cylinder #1, #2 and #3 individually (separately) (b). Draw the FBD of the three cylinders together (connected together)
Figure,
A G Cylinder #1, diameter = 9m
B H Cylinder #2, diameter = 4m C D I E Cylinder #3, diameter = 8m F
10m
PRACTICE PROBLEM 02 Draw the FBD of beam AB.
Figure,
20 KN/m 10 KN/m
A B
6m 4m
PRACTICE PROBLEM 03 Draw the FBD of the Truss.
Figure, 200 KN
200 KN D 100 KN B 90O F
30O 30O A C G 12m 12m E 12m
100 KN
Free-Body Diagram in Engineering Mechanics 45
NOTES AND PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING MECHANICS (A WORKBOOK/GUIDE FOR ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE STUDENTS) By:Engr. Renato Guiao Gopez (MSCE – Structural)
PRACTICE PROBLEM 04 A horizontal beam supported by a roller at point A and an hinge at point B carries a concentrated load (point load) and a uniformly varying load (UVL) as shown. DRAW THE FBD OF THE BEAM.
Figure, 100 KN 20 KN/m
A B
6m 2m 2m
PRACTICE PROBLEM 05 A horizontal beam supported by a roller at point A and an hinge at point B is subjected by a concentrated load, a couple, and a uniformly distributed load (UDL) as shown. DRAW THE FBD OF THE BEAM.
Figure, 20 KN 10 KN/m 40 KN-m 60O A B 30O 2m 2m 2m 4m
PRACTICE PROBLEM 06 DRAW THE FBD OF THE TRUSS subjected by non-concurrent forces as shown. Figure, 1000 KN
Solution Manual for Safety Scale Laboratory Experiments for Chemistry for Today 9th Edition Seager Slabaugh Hansen 1305968557 9781305968554 PDF Download Full Book with All Chapters
Solution Manual for Safety Scale Laboratory Experiments for Chemistry for Today 9th Edition Seager Slabaugh Hansen 1305968557 9781305968554 PDF Download Full Book with All Chapters
