SQL> create table library(

2 book_id int primary key,

3 book_name varchar(20),
4 book_price int
5 );

Table created.

SQL> desc library;

Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
BOOK_ID NOT NULL NUMBER(38)
BOOK_NAME VARCHAR2(20)
BOOK_PRICE NUMBER(38)

SQL> create table library_audit_row(

2 book_id int references library(book_id),
3 book_name varchar(20),
4 book_price int,
5 audit_change varchar(20),
6 update_time date
7 );

Table created.

SQL> desc library_audit_row;

Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
BOOK_ID NUMBER(38)
BOOK_NAME VARCHAR2(20)
BOOK_PRICE NUMBER(38)
AUDIT_CHANGE VARCHAR2(20)
UPDATE_TIME DATE

SQL> create table library_audit_stmp(

2 audit_history_id int primary key,
3 audit_change varchar(20),
4 user_name varchar(20),
5 update_time date
6 );

Table created.

SQL> desc library_audit_stmp;

Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
AUDIT_HISTORY_ID NOT NULL NUMBER(38)
AUDIT_CHANGE VARCHAR2(20)
USER_NAME VARCHAR2(20)
UPDATE_TIME DATE

SQL> insert into library

2 values(1, 'Harry Potter', 250);

1 row created.

SQL> insert into library

2 values(2, 'Davinci code', 500);
1 row created.

SQL> insert into library

2 values(3, 'Game of thrones', 1000);

1 row created.

SQL> insert into library

2 values(4, 'SQL plus book', 1500);

1 row created.

SQL> insert into library

2 values(5, 'Mathematics book', 2000);

1 row created.

SQL> select * from library;

BOOK_ID BOOK_NAME BOOK_PRICE

---------- -------------------- ----------
1 Harry Potter 250
2 Davinci code 500
3 Game of thrones 1000
4 SQL plus book 1500
5 Mathematics book 2000

SQL> edit trigger.sql

create or replace trigger library_trigger

after
update or delete on library
for each row
declare
audit_change varchar(10);
begin
if deleting then
audit_change := 'delete';
end if;
if updating then
audit_change := 'update';
end if;
insert into library_audit_row
values(:old.book_id, :old.book_name, :old.book_price, audit_change,
current_timestamp);
end;
/

SQL> @trigger.sql

Trigger created.

SQL> update library set book_name='HP' where book_id=2;

1 row updated.

SQL> select * from library_audit_row;

BOOK_ID BOOK_NAME BOOK_PRICE AUDIT_CHANGE UPDATE_TI

---------- -------------------- ---------- -------------------- ---------
2 Davinci code 500 update 26-SEP-23

SQL> delete from library where book_id=5;

1 row deleted.

SQL> select * from library_audit_row;

BOOK_ID BOOK_NAME BOOK_PRICE AUDIT_CHANGE UPDATE_TI

---------- -------------------- ---------- -------------------- ---------
2 Davinci code 500 update 26-SEP-23
5 Mathematics book 2000 delete 26-SEP-23

SQL> create sequence audit_seq

2 start with 1;

Sequence created.

SQL> edit trig2_50.sql

create or replace trigger trig50

before update or delete on library
declare
audit_change varchar(20);
begin
if deleting then
audit_change := 'delete';
end if;
if updating then
audit_change := 'update';
end if;
insert into library_audit_stmp
values(audit_seq.nextval, audit_change, USER, current_timestamp);
end;
/

SQL> @trig2_50.sql

Trigger created.

SQL> update library set book_name = 'Java book' where book_id = 3;

1 row updated.

SQL> select * from library_audit_stmp;

AUDIT_HISTORY_ID AUDIT_CHANGE USER_NAME UPDATE_TI

---------------- -------------------- -------------------- ---------
1 update SYSTEM 26-SEP-23

SQL> select * from library_audit_row;

BOOK_ID BOOK_NAME BOOK_PRICE AUDIT_CHANGE UPDATE_TI

---------- -------------------- ---------- -------------------- ---------
2 Davinci code 500 update 26-SEP-23
5 Mathematics book 2000 delete 26-SEP-23
3 Game of thrones 1000 update 26-SEP-23