LESSON 4

The Web and

the Internet
OBJECTIVES

After successful completion of this module, the student can be

able to:
⮚Explore the current breakthrough technologies and disruptive
innovations that have emerged over the past few years.;
⮚Identify and analyze various emerging technologies;
⮚Explore the evolution of the internet;
⮚Identify and understand the different uses of internet in
today’s generation; and
⮚Discuss the fundamental terms and definitions used in the
internet.
 The Web (World Wide Web)
consists of information organized
into Web pages containing text
and graphic images. The world
wide web is larger collection of
interconnected documents or
content.
 The Web contains hypertext
links, or highlighted keywords
and images that lead to related
information. A collection of linked
Web pages that has a common
theme or focus is called a Web
site.
The main page that all of the
pages on a particular Web
site are organized around and
link back to is called the
site’s home page.
Sir Timothy John
Berners-Lee, also
known as TimBL, is an
English engineer and
computer scientist
best known as the
inventor of the World
Wide Web.
He is a Professorial
Fellow of Computer
Science at the
University of Oxford
and a professor at the
Massachusetts
Institute of
Technology.
Web Versions
Web 1.0 (Read Only Static Web)
When the World Wide Web was invented,
most web pages were static. Static (also
known as flat page or stationary page) in
the sense that the page is “as is” and
cannot be manipulated by the user. The
content is also the same for all users. This
is referred to as Web 1.0.
Web 2.0 (Read-write interactive web)
Web 2.0 is the evolution of Web 1.0 by
adding dynamic web pages—the user is
able to see a website differently than
others. Examples of Web 2.0 include social
networking sites, blogs, wikis, video sharing
sites, hosted services, and web
applications.
Web 2.0 (Read-write interactive web)
Web 2.0 allows users to interact with the page:
instead of just reading a page, the user may be
able to comment or create a user account.

Is focused on the ability for people to collaborate

and share information online via social media,
blogging and Web-based communities.
Key Features of Web 2.0:
Folksonomy – allows users to categorize and
classify/arrange information using freely chosen
keywords (e.g. tagging).

Rich User Interface – content is dynamic and is

responsive to user’s input. An example would be
a website that shows local content.
Key Features of Web 2.0:
User Participation – the owner of website is not
the only one who is able to put content. Others
are able to place a content on their own by
means of comments, reviews, and evaluation.

Long Tail – services are offered on demand

rather than on a one-time purchase.
Key Features of Web 2.0:
Software as a Service – Users will subscribe to
a software only when needed rather than
purchasing them.

Mass Participation – It is a diverse information

sharing through universal web access.
Web 3.0: (Read-write intelligent web)
Web 3.0 will be more connected, open,
and intelligent, with semantic web
technologies, distributed databases, natural
language processing, machine learning,
machine reasoning and autonomous
agents.
Web 3.0: (Read-write intelligent web)
In this generation, all the application on
web or mobile will be upgraded with more
features. It applies same principles as Web
2.0: two-way interaction.
Semantic Web - provides a framework that
allows data to be shared and reuse to deliver
web content specifically targeting the user.
Types of Websites
eCommerce Website
- is a website people can directly buy
products from you’ve probably used a
number of eCommerce websites before,
most big brands and plenty of smaller ones
have one. Any website that includes a
shopping cart and a way for you to provide
credit card information to make a purchase
falls into this category.
Business Website
- is any website that’s devoted to
representing a specific business. It should
be branded like the business (the same logo
and positioning) and communicate the types
of products and/or services the business
offers.
Entertainment Website
- If you think about your internet browsing
habits, you can probably think of a few
websites that you visit purely for
entertainment purposes.
Portfolio Website
- are sites devoted to showing examples of
past work. Service providers who want to
show potential clients the quality of the work
they provide can use a portfolio website to
collect some of the best samples of past
work they’ve done.
Media Website
- collect news stories or other reporting.
There’s some overlap here with
entertainment websites, but media websites
are more likely to include reported pieces in
addition to or instead of content meant purely
for entertainment.
Brochure Website
- are a simplified form of business websites.
A simple brochure site that includes just a
few pages that lay out the basics of what
you do and provide contact information may
be enough for you.
Nonprofit Website
- In the same way that businesses need
websites to be their online presence,
nonprofits do as well. A nonprofit website is
the easiest way for many potential donors to
make donations and will be the first place
many people look to learn more about a
nonprofit and determine if they want to
support it.
Educational Website
- These websites have the primary goal of
either providing educational materials to
visitors or providing information on an
educational institution to them.
Infopreneur Website
- websites overlap a bit with business and
eCommerce websites, but they represent a
unique type of online business.
Infopreneurs create and sell information
products. That could be in the form of
courses, tutorials, videos or eBooks.
Personal Website
- Not all websites exist to make money in
some way or another. Many people find value
in creating personal websites to put their
own thoughts out into the world. This category
includes personal blogs, vlogs, and photo
diaries people share with the world.
Web Portal
- are often websites designed for internal
purposes at a business, organization, or
institution. They collect information in
different formats from different sources into
one place to make all relevant information
accessible to the people who need to see it.
Wiki or Community Forum Website
- A wiki is any website where various users
are able to collaborate on content and all
make their own tweaks and changes as they
see fit. There are wikis for fan communities,
for business resources, and for collecting
valuable information sources.
The Internet
The Internet or “net” (network of
network) is the largest computer
network in the world that
connects billions of computer
user. The word internet comes
from combination between
“interconnection” and “network”.
 Network is a collection of
computers and devices
connected via communication
channels and transmission media
allow to share resources
(hardware, software, data,
information). Generally, nobody
owns the internet.
Brief History of Internet
- ARPA – Advanced Research Project
Agency January 2, 1969 – started an
experimental computer network. Concept –
No server, but equal importance/participation
to every computer in the network.
- In 1982 the word internet started.
Brief History of Internet
- The Cleveland Freenet began operations in
July 1986 through the efforts of Dr. Thomas
M. Grundner of Case Western Reserve
University to create a free public community
computer system, the first of its kind in the
world.
- 1991: US government allowed business
agencies to connect to internet.
Brief History of Internet
- Vinton Gray Cerf is an American Internet
pioneer and is recognized as one of "the
fathers of the Internet", sharing this title with
TCP/IP co-developer Bob Kahn.
- Now all people can connect to the internet
and improve their life and work quality. The
internet support various aspects in our life.
Major Components of the Internet:

1. Servers – is a computer program that

provides service to another computer
program and it’s user.
Types of Servers
Application Server – a program in computer that
provides the business logic for an application
program.

Proxy Server – is a software that acts as an

intermediary between an endpoint device, such
as computer and another server from which a
user is requesting.
Types of Servers
Mail Server – is an application that receives
incoming e-mail from local users and remote
senders and forward outgoing e-mail for delivery.

File Server – is a computer responsible for

central storage and management of data files so
that other computer on the same network can
access them.
Types of Servers
Policy Server – is a security component of a
policy – based network that provides
authorization services and facilities tracking and
control of files.

Web Server – a computer program that serves

requested HTML pages or files.
Major Components of the Internet:
2. IP Address (Internet Protocol) – is a
numerical label assigned to each device.
This provides identity to a network
device.
3. Browser – is an application program
that provides a way to look information
on the web.
Major Components of the Internet:

4. Domain Name System (DNS) – is the

phonebook of internet. We access
information online through domain
names.
There are different types of domain names:
.com - commercial
.gov - government
.edu - education
.org - organization AND MORE…
.net - network
.ph - Philippines (country name)
Major Components of the Internet:

5. Internet Service Provide (ISP) – is an

organization that provides services for
accessing, using or participating in the
internet.

Examples of ISP: Sky Broadband, PLDT, Converge

Uses of Internet:

• Look for information

• School works, jobs, and home purposes
• Send and receive electronic mail
• Video teleconferencing (video call,
video chat)
Uses of Internet:

• Buy and sell product

• Social networking
• Watch & post videos
• Games
Internet Terms and Definition:
• Internet - A global network of
thousands of computer networks linked
by data lines and wireless systems.
• Web – a collection of billions of
webpages that you can view with a web
browser.
Internet Terms and Definition:
• HTML - Hypertext Markup Language is
a coding language used to tell a browser
how to place pictures, text, multimedia
and links to create a web page. When a
user clicks on a link within a web page,
that link, which is coded with HTML, links
the user to a specific linked web page.
Internet Terms and Definition:
• URL - Uniform Resource Locator is a web
address used to connect to a remote resource on
the world wide web.
• HTTP - is the acronym for Hypertext Transfer
Protocol, the data communication standard of
web pages. When a web page has this prefix, the
links, text, and pictures should work correctly in a
web browser.
Internet Terms and Definition:
• HTTPS - is the acronym for Hypertext Transfer
Protocol Secure. This indicates that the web page
has a special layer of encryption added to hide
your personal information and passwords from
others.