Introduction to complete

denture
Dr. Fawaz Alghobari
Prosthesis:
An artificial replacement of an absent part of the human
body.

Prosthetics:
It is the art and science of supplying artificial
replacement for missing parts of the human body.
 Prosthodontics:
The branch of dentistry pertaining to the
restoration and maintenance of oral function,
comfort, appearance and health of the patient
by the restoration of natural teeth and/or the
replacement of missing teeth and craniofacial
tissues with artificial substitutes.
Prosthodontist: a specialist in prosthodontics.
Natural dentition: the natural teeth in the dental
arch which may be deciduous, permanent or mixed.
Dentulous: a condition in which natural teeth are
present in the mouth
Edentulous: a condition in which the mouth is
without natural teeth
Denture: an artificial substitute for missing natural
teeth and adjacent tissues.
Denture base: apart of a denture that rests on the
foundation tissues and to which teeth are attached.
Denture surfaces:
1-denture impression surface
(denture basal surface):
that portion of the surfaces of a denture,
which has its contour determined by the
impression.it includes the borders of the
denture and extend to the polished
surface.
2- Denture polished surface:
that portion of the surface of
the denture which extends in
an occlusal direction from
the border of the denture
to the occlusal surface.
It is part of denture base
which is usually polished and
includes the buccal and lingual
surfaces of the teeth.
3- Denture occlusal surface:
the portion of the surface of the
denture that makes contact with
its antagonist (apposing occlusion).
There are four divisions
of prosthodontics:
1-Fixed prosthodontics
2-Removable
prosthodontics
3-Maxillofacial
prosthodontics
4-Implant prosthodontics
1-Fixed prosthodontics
The branch of prosthodontics
concerned with the replacement and/or restoration of
teeth by artificial substitutes that are not removed from
the mouth.
2-Removable prosthodontics
The branch of prosthodontics concerned with the
replacement of teeth and contiguous structures for
edentuluos or partially edentulous patient by artificial
substitutes that are removable from the mouth
Removable prosthodontics include two disciplines:
Removable partial denture
Complete denture
Removable partial denture
Any prosthesis that replaces some teeth in a partially
dentate arch. It can be removed from the mouth and replace
it as well
Tooth supported RPD
Tooth, tissue supported RPD (distal extension PD)
Immediate denture
A complete denture or removable partial denture
fabricated for placement immediately following the
removal of natural teeth
Complete denture:
A removable dental prosthesis that replaces
the entire dentition and associated
structures of the maxilla or mandible
Overdenture (overlay denture)
A removable partial denture or complete denture that
covers and rests on one or more remaining natural
teeth, the roots of natural teeth, and/or dental
implants.
Single complete denture
A single denture is a
complete denture that
occludes against some or
all of the natural, a fixed
restoration, a previously
constructed Removable
partial denture
3-Maxillofacial prosthodontics
The branch of prosthodontics concerned with the
restoration and/or replacement of the stomatognathic
and craniofacial structures with prosthesis that may or
may not be removed on a regular or elective basis
It use to restore esthetics and function to the patient
with congenital or acquired defects who cannot be
restored to normal appearance or function by means of
plastic surgical reconstruction
Intra oral prosthesis
Extra oral prosthesis

Artificial eye
Artificial nose
Artificial ear
4-Implant prosthodontics
The phase of prosthodontics concerning the replacement of
missing teeth/or associated structures by restorations that
are attached denture to implant
Implant prosthesis
Any prosthesis (fixed, removable or maxillofacial) that
utilize dental implants in part or whole for retention,
support, and stability
Relining
Is a maintenance procedure
which result in resurfacing the
tissue side of the denture with
new denture base material to
make it fit accurately
Rebasing
A variation of relining involve
the replacement of the existing
denture base material without
changing the occlusal
relationship of the teeth
Repairing
Is the repairing of the denture
due to accidental breakage of
the denture base or teeth .
Treatment Objectives of complete denture

• Patient education
• Restoration of aesthetics
• Improvement of mastication
• Improvement of speech
• Preservation of remaining oral
Structures
 Treatment Objectives of complete denture

• Maintenance of the health and

comfort of the mouth
• Maintenance of the
health of the TMJ
• General physical and
psychological well
being of the patient
The residual alveolar ridges
Following loss or extraction of teeth:
o The empty socket fills with clot and gradually
replaced with new bone
o The bone around the socket reorganizes
o The mucoperiosteum gradually heals & covers
the healing socket
o The remodelling process results in a rounded
ridge like structure known as the residual
alveolar ridge ( RAR)
The residual alveolar ridges

The RAR plays a very important

role in the construction of the CD
 Six orders of residual ridge form

•Order I Preextraction
• Order II Postextraction
• Order III High, well rounded
• Order IV Knife edge
• Order V Low, well rounded
• Order VI Depressed
 Rate of resorption
• Most rapid in the first 1 year after
extraction and can be as high as
4.5 mm / year.
• After healing of residual ridge,
annual rate of reduction in height
is about 0.1-0.2 mm in mandible
• Annual rate of reduction in height
is about 4X greater in mandible
than in maxilla.
Pattern of resorption

Maxilla
The resorption is upwards and inwards
(smaller)
Mandible
The resorption is downward and outward
(wider)
 Steps of complete denture construction
clinical Laboratory

1-examination of the mouth and preliminary -pouring of impression to obtain the study cast
impression -construction of special(custom tray)

2-final impression -boxing and pouring of the final impression to

obtain the master cast
-construction of recording bases and occlusion rims

3-recording of jaw relationships and selection of -mounting of the models with occlusion rims on the
artificial teeth articulator
-arrangement of artificial teeth &waxing up

4-tryin of the waxed-up dentures -complete denture processing(flasking, wax

elimination, packing, curing, deflasking, finishing
and polishing
5-insertion of the finished dentures
6-post-insertion care