sriramoju (as235333) – Quest 3: Projectile Motion – o’connor – (VRAPC7) 1

This print-out should have 14 questions. R?

Multiple-choice questions may continue on
the next column or page – find all choices
before answering. 1.

001 (part 1 of 3) 10.0 points

A ball is thrown and follows the parabolic 2.

path shown. Point Q is the highest point on
the path and points P and R are the same
height above the ground.
3. correct
Q

P R
4.

5.

6.

7.
How do the speeds of the ball at the three
points compare? Air friction is negligible.

1. k~vP k < k~vQ k < k~vR k 8.

2. k~vQ k < k~vP k = k~vR k correct

9. The ball is in free fall and there is no
acceleration at any point on its path.
3. k~vP k = k~vR k < k~vQ k
Explanation:
4. k~vR k < k~vQ k < k~vP k Since air friction is negligible, the only ac-
celeration on the ball after being thrown is
5. k~vQ k < k~vR k < k~vP k that due to gravity, which acts straight down.
Explanation:
003 (part 3 of 3) 10.0 points
The speed of the ball in the x-direction is
constant. Because of gravitational accelera- Which diagram best indicates the direction of
the net force, if any, on the ball at point Q?
tion, the speed in the y-direction is zero at
point Q. Since points P and R are located at
the same point above ground, by symmetry
they have the same vertical speed component 1. correct
(though they do not have the same velocity),
so vQ < vP = vR .

002 (part 2 of 3) 10.0 points

2.
Which diagram best indicates the direction of
the acceleration, if any, on the ball at point
 sriramoju (as235333) – Quest 3: Projectile Motion – o’connor – (VRAPC7) 2

0 = 2 vy t − g t2

3. 0 = t (2 vy − g t)
2 vy
t=
4. g
The trivial solution t = 0 must be ignored.
5.
005 (part 2 of 3) 10.0 points
What is the horizontal component of the ve-
6. locity?
Answer in units of m/s.
Correct answer: 10.1427 m/s.
7. Explanation:
The horizontal component of the velocity is
8. The ball is in free-fall and there is no
vx = vo cos θ
acceleration at any point on its path.

9. 006 (part 3 of 3) 10.0 points

How far from the catapult does it land?
Explanation: Answer in units of m.
By Newton’s second law, the force is in the Correct answer: 15.8206 m.
direction of the acceleration (downward).
Explanation:
004 (part 1 of 3) 10.0 points The horizontal velocity vx remains constant
A Knight of the Round Table fires off a vat of for the entire flight, so
burning pitch from his catapult at 12.7 m/s,
at 37 ◦ above the horizontal. x = vx t
The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .
How long is it in the air?
Answer in units of s. 007 10.0 points
Correct answer: 1.55981 s. A bullet fired horizontally hits the ground in
0.5 sec.
Explanation: If it had been fired with a much higher
The vat is fired off at an inclination of θ with speed in the same direction, and neglecting
the horizontal, so the vertical component of air resistance and the earth’s curvature, it
the initial velocity is would have hit the ground in
vy = vo sin θ 1. more than 0.5 sec.
To determine how long the vat is in the air,
consider when the vertical displacement is 2. less than 0.5 sec.
again zero:
3. There is no way to tell from the informa-
1 tion given.
y = yo + vy t − g t2
2
4. 0.5 sec. correct
1
0 = vy t − g t2 Explanation:
2
 sriramoju (as235333) – Quest 3: Projectile Motion – o’connor – (VRAPC7) 3
The time required for the bullet to hit the A second package is thrown downward from
ground depends only on the vertical distance the plane with a vertical speed v1 = 53 m/s.
between the rifle barrel and the ground, which What is the magnitude of the total velocity
is the same in both cases. It does not depend of the package at the moment it is thrown as
on the horizontal speed of the bullet. The seen by an observer on the ground?
bullet is freely falling as soon as it leaves the Answer in units of m/s.
barrel. Correct answer: 184.765 m/s.
Explanation:
008 (part 1 of 4) 10.0 points The velocity is the vector sum of the vertical
A plane is flying horizontally with speed and horizontal components of velocity as seen
177 m/s at a height 4920 m above the ground, from the ground. Hence the scalar speed is
when a package is dropped from the plane.
The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .
q
s = v 2 + v12
Neglecting air resistance, when the package q
hits the ground, the plane will be = (177 m/s)2 + 53 m/s2
1. behind the package. = 184.765 m/s .

2. directly above the package. correct

011 (part 4 of 4) 10.0 points
3. ahead of the package. What horizontal distance is traveled by this
package?
Explanation: Answer in units of m.
Both have the same velocity at the time of Correct answer: 4732.5 m.
release. Gravitational acceleration does not
Explanation:
change horizontal velocity, so the plane will
The time of the vertical fall is now deter-
be directly above the package.
mined by
009 (part 2 of 4) 10.0 points 1 2
What is the horizontal distance from the re- h = v1 t + gt
2
lease point to the impact point? 1 2
Answer in units of m. 0= g t + v1 t − h
2
Correct answer: 5608.64 m. q
−v1 + v12 + 4 ( 12 ) g h
Explanation: t=
1 2 12 g
For the vertical fall, h = g t2 , or t = q
s 2 −v1 + v12 + 2 g h
2h =
. The horizontal distance traveled is g
g
= 26.7373 s .
x = vs
t
The horizontal distance is
2h
=v x = vt
g
s = (177 m/s) (26.7373 s)
2 (4920 m)
= (177 m/s) = 4732.5 m .
9.8 m/s2
= 5608.64 m .
012 (part 1 of 3) 10.0 points
A projectile of mass 0.337 kg is shot from a
010 (part 3 of 4) 10.0 points cannon. The end of the cannon’s barrel is
 sriramoju (as235333) – Quest 3: Projectile Motion – o’connor – (VRAPC7) 4
at height 6.4 m, as shown in the figure. The Answer in units of s.
initial velocity of the projectile is 9.6 m/s . Correct answer: 2.01059 s.
The projectile rises to a maximum height of Explanation:
∆y above the end of the cannon’s barrel and
strikes the ground a horizontal distance ∆x Let : (xi , yi) = (0 m, 6.4 m) .
past the end of the cannon’s barrel.
/s For the vertical motion,
m
6 vy2f = vy2i − 2 g ∆y .
9. ∆y
Since vytop = 0 ,

◦
6.4 m 0 = vv2i − 2 g ∆y
44 vy2i (6.66872 m/s)2
∆y = =
2g 2 (9.8 m/s2 )
∆x = 2.26897 m and
Find the time it takes for the projectile to the time to fall from the top to the ground is
reach its maximum height. The acceleration s
of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 . 2 (∆y + yi )
t2 =
Answer in units of s. g
Correct answer: 0.680482 s. s
2 (2.26897 m + 6.4 m)
Explanation: =
9.8 m/s2
= 1.3301 s ,
Let : vi = 9.6 m/s , so the total time is
θ = 44◦ , and
t = t1 + t2
g = 9.8 m/s2 .
= 0.680482 s + 1.3301 s
Vertically, = 2.01059 s .

vyi = vi sin θ
014 (part 3 of 3) 10.0 points
= (9.6 m/s) sin 44◦
Find the range ∆x of the projectile.
= 6.66872 m/s and Answer in units of m.
Correct answer: 13.8844 m.
vyf = vyi − g t . Explanation:
The horizontal component of vector vi is
Since vytop = 0 , vxi
vi =
cos θ
vxi = vi cos θ
0 = vyi − g t1
= (9.6 m/s) cos 44◦
vy 6.66872 m/s
t1 = i = = 6.90566 m/s .
g 9.8 m/s2
The horizontal motion has no acceleration,
= 0.680482 s .
so
∆x = vxi t
013 (part 2 of 3) 10.0 points = (6.90566 m/s) (2.01059 s)
How long does it take the projectile to hit the
ground? = 13.8844 m .
 sriramoju (as235333) – Quest 3: Projectile Motion – o’connor – (VRAPC7) 5
Alternate Solution: y = 0 when the
projectile hits the ground, so
1 2
y = yi + vyi t − gt
2
vy g x2
= yi + i x − =0
vxi 2 vx2i
   
g 2 vyi
2
x − x + yi = 0
2 vxi vxi
Since
g 9.8 m/s2
a= =
2 vx2i 2 (6.90566 m/s)2
= 0.102751 m−1 ,

vyi 6.66872 m/s

b=− =− = −0.965689 ,
vxi 6.90566 m/s
c = −yi = −6.4 m , and

b2 − 4 a c = (−0.965689)2
− 4 (0.102751 m−1 ) (−6.4 m)
= 3.56298 ,

√
−b ± b2 − 4 a c
x=
2a √
0.965689 ± 3.56298
=
2 (0.102751 m−1 )
= 13.8844 m .