DATA HANDLING

Question 1
What are data types in Python? How are they important?
Answer
Data types are used to identify the type of data a memory location can hold and the associated operations of
handling it. The data that we deal with in our programs can be of many types like character, integer, real
number, string, boolean, etc. hence programming languages including Python provide ways and facilities to
handle all these different types of data through data types. The data types define the capabilities to handle a
specific type of data such as memory space it allocates to hold a certain type of data and the range of values
supported for a given data type, etc.

Question 2
How many integer types are supported by Python? Name them.
Answer
Two integer types are supported by Python. They are:

1. Integers (signed)
2. Booleans

Question 3
How are these numbers different from one another (with respect to Python)? 33, 33.0, 33j, 33 + j
Answer
The number 33 is an integer whereas 33.0 is a floating-point number. 33j represent the imaginary part of a
complex number. 33 + j is a complex number.

Question 4
The complex numbers have two parts : real and imaginary. In which data type are real and imaginary
parts represented ?

Answer
In Python, the real and imaginary parts of a complex number are represented as floating-point numbers.

Question 5
How many string types does Python support? How are they different from one another?
Answer
Python supports two types of strings — Single-line strings and Multi-line strings. Single line strings are
enclosed in single or double quotes and terminate in one line. Multi-line strings store multiple lines of text and
are enclosed in triple quotes.

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Question 6
What will following code print?
str1 = '''Hello'''
str2 = '''Hell\o'''
print(len(str1) > len(str2))

Answer
This code will print:
True
len(str1) is 6 due to the EOL character. len(str2) is 5 as backslash (\) character is not counted in the length of
string. As len(str1) is greater than len(str2) so the output is True.

Question 7
What are Immutable and Mutable types in Python? List immutable and mutable types of Python.
Answer
Mutable types are those whose values can be changed in place whereas Immutable types are those that can
never change their value in place.
Mutable types in Python are:

1. Lists
2. Dictionaries
3. Sets
Immutable types in Python are:

1. Integers
2. Floating-Point numbers
3. Booleans
4. Strings
5. Tuples

Question 8
What are three internal key-attributes of a value-variable in Python ? Explain with example.
Answer
The three internal key-attributes of a value-variable in Python are:

1. Type
2. Value
3. Id
For example, consider this:
a=4
The type of a is int which can be found with the built-in function type() like this:
type(a).
Value can be found using the built-in function print() like this:
print(a)

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It will give the output as 4 which is value contained in variable a.
Id is the memory location of the object which can be determined using built-in function id() like this:
id(a)
Question 9
Is it true that if two objects return True for is operator, they will also return True for == operator?

Answer
Yes, if is operator returns true, it implicitly means that the equality operator will also return True. is operator
returning true implies that both the variables point to the same object and hence == operator must return True.
Question 10
Are these values equal? Why/why not?

1. 20 and 20.0
2. 20 and int(20)
3. str(20) and str(20.0)
4. 'a' and "a"
Answer

1. The type of 20 is int whereas the type of 20.0 is float so they are two different objects. Both have the
same value of 20. So, as values are same equality (==) operator return True but as objects are different
is operator returns False.
2. The value and type of both 20 and int(20) are the same and both point to the same object so both
equality (==) and is operator returns True.
3. For str(20) and str(20.0), both equality (==) and is operator returns False as their values are different
and they point to two different objects.
4. For 'a' and "a", both equality (==) and is operator returns True as their values are same and they point to
the same object.

Question 11
What is an atom in Python? What is an expression?
Answer
In Python, an atom is something that has a value. Identifiers, literals, strings, lists, tuples, sets, dictionaries, etc.
are all atoms. An expression in Python, is any valid combination of operators and atoms. It is composed of one
or more operations.Question 12
What is the difference between implicit type conversion and explicit type conversion?
Answer
Implicit Type Conversion Explicit Type Conversion
An implicit type conversion is automatically performed An explicit type conversion is user-defined
by the compiler when differing data types are intermixed conversion that forces an expression to be of
in an expression. specific type.
An implicit type conversion is performed without An explicit type conversion is specified
programmer's intervention. explicitly by the programmer.
Exam
Example:
ple:
a, b = 5, 25.5
a, b = 5, 25.5
c = int(a + b)
c=a+b

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Question 13
Two objects (say a and b) when compared using == ,return True. But Python gives False when compared using
is operator. Why? (i.e., a == b is True but why is a is b False?)
Answer
As equality (==) operator returns True, it means that a and b have the same value but as is operator returns
False, it means that variables a and b point to different objects in memory. For example, consider the below
Python statements:
>>> a = 'abc'
>>> b = input("Enter a string: ")
Enter a string: abc
>>> a == b
True
>>> a is b
False
Here, both a and b have the same value 'abc' but they point to different objects.

Question 14
Given str1 = "Hello", what will be the values of:
(a) str1[0]
(b) str1[1]
(c) str1[-5]
(d) str1[-4]
(e) str1[5]
Answer
(a) H
(b) e
(c) H
(d) e
(e) IndexError: string index out of range

Question 15
If you give the following for str1 = "Hello", why does Python report error?
str1[2] = 'p'
Answer
Python reports error because strings are immutable and hence item assignment is not supported.
Question 16
What will the result given by the following?
(a) type (6 + 3)
(b) type (6 -3)
(c) type (6 *3)
(d) type (6 / 3)
(e) type (6 // 3)
(f) type (6 % 3)
Answer
(a) type (6 + 3)
⇒ int + int
⇒ int
So the result is int.
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(b) type (6 -3)
⇒ int - int
⇒ int
So the result is int.
(c) type (6 * 3)
⇒ int * int
⇒ int
So the result is int.
(d) type (6 / 3)
⇒ int / int
⇒ float
So the result is float.
(e) type (6 // 3)
⇒ int // int
⇒ int
So the result is int.
(f) type (6 % 3)
⇒ int % int
⇒ int
So the result is int.

Question 17
What are augmented assignment operators? How are they useful?
Answer
Augmented assignment operators combine the impact of an arithmetic operator with an assignment operator.
For example, to add the value of b to the value of a and assign the result back to a then instead of writing:
a=a+b
we can write
a += b.
Augmented assignment operators are useful as they provide a shorthand way by combining the arithmetic and
assignment operators.

Question 18
Differentiate between (555/222)**2 and (555.0/222)**2.
Answer
In the first expression, 555 is of int type whereas in the second expression 555.0 is of float type.

Question 19
Given three Boolean variables a, b, c as : a = False, b = True, c = False. Evaluate the following Boolean
expressions:
(a) b and c
(b) b or c
(c) not a and b
(d) (a and b) or not c
(e) not b and not (a or c)
(f) not ((not b or not a) and c) or a
Answer

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(a) b and c
⇒ False and True
⇒ False

(b) b or c
⇒ True or False
⇒ True
(c) not a and b
⇒ not False and True
⇒ True and True
⇒ True
(d) (a and b) or not c
⇒ (False and True) or not False
⇒ False or not False
⇒ False or True
⇒ True
(e) not b and not (a or c)
⇒ not True and not (False or False)
⇒ not True and not False
⇒ False and True
⇒ False
(f) not ((not b or not a) and c) or a
⇒ not ((not True or not False) and False) or False
⇒ not ((False or True) and False) or False
⇒ not (True and False) or False
⇒ not False or False
⇒ True or False
⇒ True
Question 20
What would following code fragments result in? Given x = 3.
(a) 1 < x
(b) x >= 4
(c) x == 3
(d) x == 3.0
(e) "Hello" == "Hello"
(f) "Hello" > "hello"
(g) 4/2 == 2.0
(h) 4/2 == 2
(i) x < 7 and 4 > 5.
Answer
(a) True
(b) False
(c) True
(d) True
(e) True
(f) False
(g) True
(h) True
(i) False
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Question 21
int('a') produces error. Why ?
Answer
int() converts its argument into an integer. As 'a' is a letter, it cannot be converted into a valid integer hence
int('a') produces an error.

Question 22
int('a') produces error but following expression having int('a') in it, does not return error. Why?
len('a') + 2 or int('a')
Answer
The or operator tests the second operand only if the first operand is false otherwise it ignores it. In the
expression, the first operand of or operator is len('a') + 2. It evaluates to 3 and as it is a non-zero value hence it
is True for or operator. As first operand of or operator is True so it doesn't evaluate its second argument int('a')
and no error is returned.

Question 23
Write expression to convert the values 17, len('ab') to (i) integer (ii) str (iii) boolean values
Answer
(i) int(17), int(len('ab'))
(ii) str(17), str(len('ab'))
(iii) bool(17), bool(len('ab'))

Question 24
Evaluate and Justify:
(i) 22 / 17 = 37 / 47 + 88 /83
(ii) len('375')**2
Answer
(i) It produces an error as LHS value in this case is an expression that evaluates to a literal whereas LHS value
should be a variable.
(ii) len('375')**2
⇒ 3 ** 2 [∵ len('375') = 3]
⇒9 [∵ 3 * 3 = 9]
Question 25
Evaluate and Justify:
(i) 22.0/7.0 - 22/7
(ii) 22.0/7.0 - int(22.0/7.0)
(iii) 22/7 - int (22.0)/7
Answer
(i) 22.0/7.0 - 22/7
⇒0
As values of 22.0/7.0 and 22/7 are equal, subtracting them will give the result as 0.0.
(ii) 22.0/7.0 - int(22.0/7.0)
⇒ 3.142857142857143 - 3
⇒ 0.142857142857143
(iii) 22/7 - int (22.0)/7
⇒ 0.0
int (22.0) gives 22 so the expression becomes 22/7 - 22/7 which results in 0.0

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Question 26
Evaluate and Justify:
(i) false and None
(ii) 0 and None
(iii) True and None
(iv) None and None
Answer
(i) This produces an error as false is an invalid literal in Python. It should be False. Had the expression being
False and None, the return value will be False.
(ii) This logical expression evaluates to 0. As first operand of and operator is false so it will return the first
operand itself.
(iii) This logical expression evaluates to None. As first operand of and operator is True so it will return the
second operand.
(iv) This logical expression evaluates to None. As first operand of and operator is false so it will return the first
operand itself.

Question 27
Evaluate and Justify:
(a) 0 or None and "or"
(b) 1 or None and 'a' or 'b'
(c) False and 23
(d) 23 and False
(e) not (1 == 1 and 0 != 1)
(f) "abc" == "Abc" and not (2 == 3 or 3 == 4)
(g) False and 1 == 1 or not True or 1 == 1 and False or 0 == 0
Answer
(a) 0 or None and "or"
⇒ 0 or None [∵ and has higher precedence than or]
⇒ None
(b) 1 or None and 'a' or 'b'
⇒ 1 or None or 'b'
⇒ 1 or 'b'
⇒1
(c) False and 23
⇒ False
(d) 23 and False
⇒ False
(e) not (1 == 1 and 0 != 1)
⇒ not (True and True)
⇒ not True
⇒ not False
(f) "abc" == "Abc" and not (2 == 3 or 3 == 4)
⇒ "abc" == "Abc" and not (False or False)
⇒ "abc" == "Abc" and not False
⇒ False and not False
⇒ False and True
⇒ False

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(g) False and 1 == 1 or not True or 1 == 1 and False or 0 == 0
⇒ False and True or not True or True and False or True
⇒ False and True or False or True and False or True
⇒ False or False or False or True
⇒ False or False or True
⇒ False or True
⇒ True

Question 28
Evaluate the following for each expression that is successfully evaluated, determine its value and type for
unsuccessful expression, state the reason.
(a) len("hello") == 25/5 or 20/10
(b) 3 < 5 or 50/(5 - (3 + 2))
(c) 50/(5 - (3 + 2)) or 3 < 5
(d) 2 * (2 * (len("01")))
Answer
(a) len("hello") == 25/5 or 20/10
⇒ 5 == 25/5 or 20/10
⇒ 5 == 5 or 2
⇒ True or 2
⇒ True
The type of result is Boolean.
(b) 3 < 5 or 50/(5 - (3 + 2))
⇒ True or 50/(5 - (3 + 2)) [∵ first operand is True, second operand is not evaluated so no division by 0 error
happens]
⇒ True
The type of result is Boolean.
(c) 50/(5 - (3 + 2)) or 3 < 5
⇒ 50/(5 - 5) or 3 < 5
⇒ 50/0 or 3 < 5
⇒ Division by Zero Error
As the denominator of or operator's first operand is 0, Division by Zero error occurs.
(d) 2 * (2 * (len("01")))
⇒ 2 * (2 * 2)
⇒2*4
⇒8
The type of result is Integer.
Question 29
Write an expression that uses exactly 3 arithmetic operators with integer literals and produces result as
99.
Answer
9 * 10 + 21 % 12
Question 30
Add parentheses to the following expression to make the order of evaluation more clear.
y % 4 == 0 and y % 100 != 0 or y % 400 == 0
Answer
((y % 4) == 0) and ((y % 100) != 0) or ((y % 400) == 0)

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Question 31
A program runs to completion but gives an incorrect result. What type of error would have caused it?
Answer
Logical errors can make a program run till completion but give incorrect result.

Question 32
How does the // operator differ from the / operator? Give an example of where // would be needed.
Answer
The Division operator (/) divides its first operand by second operand and always returns the result as a float
value whereas Floor Division operator (//) divides its first operand by second operand and truncates the
fractional part of the result and returns it as an int value. Floor Division operator is useful in situations where
we only need the integer part of the division operation result. For example, to determine how many minutes are
there in some given number of seconds:
secs = 2565
mins = 2565 // 60

Question 33
MidAir Airlines will only allow carry-on bags that are no more than 22 inches long, 14 inches wide, and
9 inches deep. Assuming that variables named length, width, and depth have already been assigned
values, write an expression combining the three that evaluates to True if bag fits within those limits, and
False otherwise.
Answer
length <= 22 and width <= 14 and depth <= 9

Question 34
What are main error types? Which types are most dangerous and why?
Answer
The types of errors are:

1. Compile Time Errors (Syntax errors and Semantic Errors)

2. Runtime Errors
3. Logical Errors
Logical Errors are the most dangerous as they are hardest to prevent, find and fix.

Question 35
Correct any false statements:
(a) Compile-time errors are usually easier to detect and to correct than run-time errors.
(b) Logically errors can usually be detected by the compiler.
Answer
(a) The statement is correct.
(b) The statement is incorrect. The correct statement should be:
Logical errors cannot be detected by the compiler.

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Question 36
Differentiate between a syntax error and a semantics error.
Answer
Syntax Error Semantics Error
Syntax errors occurs when the rules of the programming Semantic errors occur when the statement are
language are violated. not meaningful.
Example: Example:
x = false x*y=z

Question 37
Differentiate between a syntax error and a logical error in a python program. When is each type of
error likely to be found?
Answer
Syntax Error Logical Error
Syntax Errors occur when we violate the rules of writing Logical Errors occur due to our mistakes in
the statements of the programming language. programming logic.
Program compiles and executes but doesn't
Program fails to compile and execute.
give the desired output.
Logical errors need to be found and corrected
Syntax Errors are caught by the compiler.
by people working on the program.
Syntax errors are found at compile type whereas Logical errors are found when the program starts executing.

Question 38
What is the difference between an error and exception?
Answer
An Error is a bug in the code that causes irregular output or stops the program from executing whereas an
Exception is an irregular unexpected situation occurring during execution on which programmer has no
control.

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 Type B: Application Based Questions

Question 1
What is the result produced by (i) bool (0) (ii) bool (str(0))? Justify the outcome.
Answer
(i) bool (0)
The result is False as truth value of 0 is falsetval
(ii) bool (str(0))
The result is True as str(0) converts 0 to string "0". As it becomes a non-empty string so its truth value is true tval

Question 2
What will be the output, if input for both the statements is 5 + 4/2.
6 == input ("Value 1:")
6 == int(input ("value 2:"))
Answer
Output of first statement is False as '5 + 4/2' is entered as a string so it cannot be equal to the number 6.
The second statement gives an error as int() function cannot convert the string '5 + 4/2' to a valid integer.

Question 3
Following Python code has an expression with all integer values. Why is the result in floating point
form?
a, b, c = 2, 3, 6
d = a + b * c/b
print(d)
Answer
The output of the above Python code is 8.0. Division operator is present in the expression. The result of
Division operator is of float type. Due to implicit conversion, other operand in this expression are also
converted to float type and hence the final result is in floating point form.

Question 4a
What will following code print?
a = va = 3
b = va = 3
print (a, b)

Answer
This Python code prints:
3 3
Question 4b
What will following code print?
a = 3
b = 3.0
print (a == b)
12
print (a is b)

Answer
This Python code prints:
True
False
As values of a and b are equal so equality operator returns True. a is of int type and b is of float type so a and b
are different objects so a is b returns False.

Question 5a
What will be output produced by following code? State reason for this output.
a, b, c = 1, 1, 2
d = a + b
e = 1.0
f = 1.0
g = 2.0
h = e + f
print(c == d)
print(c is d)
print(g == h)
print(g is h)
Answer

Output
True
True
True
False
Explanation
Value of d becomes 2 and as values of c and d are equal so print(c == d) prints True.

Question 5b
What will be output produced by following code? State reason for this output.
a = 5 - 4 - 3
b = 3**2**3
print(a)
print(b)

Answer
Output
-2
6561
Explanation
a=5-4-3
⇒a=1-3
⇒ a = -2
The exponentiation operator (**) has associativity from right to left so:
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b = 3**2**3
⇒ b = 3**8
⇒ b = 6561

Question 5c
What will be output produced by following code? State reason for this output.
a, b, c = 1, 1, 1
d = 0.3
e=a+b+c-d
f=a+b+c == d
print(e)
print(f)
Answer

Output
2.7
False

Explanation
e = a+b+c-d
⇒ e = 1+1+1-0.3
⇒ e = 3-0.3
⇒ e = 2.7
As 0.3 is float so implicit conversion converts 3 also to float and result of the expression is of float type.
f = a + b + c == d
⇒ f = 1 + 1 + 1 == 0.3
⇒ f = 3 == 0.3
⇒ f = False

Question 6a
What will be the output of following Python code?
a = 12
b = 7.4
c = 1
a -= b
print(a, b)
a *= 2 + c
print(a)
b += a * c
print(b)

Answer

Output
4.6 7.4
13.799999999999999

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21.2
Explanation

a -= b
⇒a=a-b
⇒ a = 12 - 7.4
⇒ a = 4.6
a *= 2 + c
⇒ a = 4.6 * (2 + c)
⇒ a = 4.6 * (2 + 1)
⇒ a = 4.6 * 3
⇒ a = 13.799999999999999
b += a * c
⇒ b = b + (a * c)
⇒ b = 7.4 + (13.799999999999999 * 1)
⇒ b = 7.4 + 13.799999999999999
⇒ b = 21.2

Question 6b
What will be the output of following Python code?
x, y = 4, 8
z = x/y*y
print(z)

Answer
Output
4.0

Explanation
z = x/y*y
⇒ z = 4/8*8
⇒ z = 0.5*8
⇒ z = 4.0

Question 7
Make change in the expression for z of previous question so that the output produced is zero. You
cannot change the operators and order of variables. (Hint. Use a function around a sub-expression)

Answer
x, y = 4, 8
z = int(x/y)*y
print(z)

Question 8
Consider the following expression:
x = "and" * (3 + 2) > "or" + "4"
What is the data type of value that is computed by this expression?

Answer
The data type of value that is computed by this expression is bool.
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 x = "and" * (3 + 2) > "or" + "4"
⇒ x = "and" * 5 > "or" + "4"

⇒ x = "andandandandand" > "or4"

⇒ x = False
Question 9
Consider the following code segment:
a = input()
b = int(input())
c = a + b
print(c)

When the program is run, the user first enters 10 and then 5, it gives an error. Find the error, its reason
and correct it
Answer
The error is:
TypeError: can only concatenate str (not "int") to str
It occurs because a is of type string but b is of type int. We are trying to add together a string operand and an
int operand using addition operator. This is not allowed in Python hence this error occurs.
To correct it, we need to cast a to int like this:
a = int(input())

Question 10
Consider the following code segment:
a = input("Enter the value of a:")
b = input("Enter the value of b:")
print(a + b)
If the user runs the program and enters 11 for a and 9 for b then what will the above code display?
Answer

Output
Enter the value of a:11
Enter the value of b:9
119

Explanation
input() function accepts user input as string type. The data type of a and b is string not int so addition operator
concatenates them to print 119 instead of 20.

Question 11
Find out the error and the reason for the error in the following code. Also, give the corrected code.
a, b = "5.0", "10.0"
x = float(a/b)
print(x)

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Answer

a and b are defined as strings not float or int. Division operator doesn't support strings as its operand so we get
the error — unsupported operand type(s) for /: "str" and "str".
The corrected code is:
a, b = 5.0, 10.0
x = float(a/b)
print(x)

Question 12
Consider the following program. It is supposed to compute the hypotenuse of a right triangle after the
user enters the lengths of the other two sides.
a = float(input("Enter the length of the first side:"))
b = float(input("Enter the length of the second side:"))
h = sqrt(a * a + b * b)
print("The length of the hypotenuse is", h)
When this program is run, the following output is generated (note that input entered by the user is
shown in bold):

Enter the length of the first side: 3

Enter the length of the second side: 4
Traceback (most recent call last):
h = sqrt(a * a + b * b)
NameError: name 'sqrt' is not defined
Why is this error occurring? How would you resolve it ?

Answer
The error is coming because math module is not imported in the code. To resolve it, we should import the math
module using the import statement import math.

Question 13
Consider the following program. It is supposed to compute the hypotenuse of a right triangle after the
user enters the lengths of the other two sides.
a = float(input("Enter the length of the first side:"))
b = float(input("Enter the length of the second side:"))
h = sqrt(a * a + b * b)
print("The length of the hypotenuse is", h)
After adding import math to the code given above, what other change(s) are required in the code to
make it fully work ?

Answer
After adding import math statement, we need to change the line h = sqrt(a * a + b * b) to h = math.sqrt(a
* a + b * b). The corrected working code is below:

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import math
a = float(input("Enter the length of the first side:"))

b = float(input("Enter the length of the second side:"))

h = math.sqrt(a * a + b * b)
print("The length of the hypotenuse is", h)

Question 14
Which of the following expressions will result in an error message being displayed when a program
containing it is run?
(a) 2.0/4
(b) "3" + "Hello"
(c) 4 % 15
(d) int("5")/float("3")
(e) float("6"/"2")

Answer
(a) No Error
(b) No Error
(c) No Error
(d) No Error
(e) This will cause an error of unsupported operand types as using division operator on string types is not
allowed in Python.

Question 15a
Following expression does not report an error even if it has a sub-expression with 'divide by zero'
problem:
3 or 10/0
What changes can you make to above expression so that Python reports this error?

Answer
Interchanging the operands of or operator as shown below will make Python report this error:
10/0 or 3

Question 15b
What is the output produced by following code?
a, b = bool(0), bool(0.0)
c, d = str(0), str(0.0)
print (len(a), len(b))
print (len(c), len(d))

Answer
The above code will give an error as the line print (len(a), len(b)) is calling len function with bool
arguments which is not allowed in Python.

Question 16
Given a string s = "12345". Can you write an expression that gives sum of all the digits shown inside the
string s i.e., the program should be able to produce the result as 15 (1+2+3+4+5).
[Hint. Use indexes and convert to integer]

18
Answer

print(int(s[0]) + int(s[1]) + int(s[2]) + int(s[3]) + int(s[4]))

Question 17
Predict the output if e is given input as 'True':
a = True
b = 0 < 5
print (a == b)
print (a is b)
c = str (a)
d = str (b)
print (c == d)
print (c is d)
e = input ("Enter :")
print (c == e)
print (c is e)

Answer
Output
True
True
True
True

Enter :True
True
False

Explanation

1. As 0 < 5 is True so b value of b becomes True and its type is bool.

2. print (a == b) gives True as a and b both are True.
3. print (a is b) gives True as a and b both being True point to the same object in memory.
4. Similarly print (c == d) and print (c is d) give True as c and d both are string and point to the
same object in memory.
5. The user input for e is True so e is of type string having value "True".
6. As value of strings c and e is "True" so print (c == e) gives True.
7. Even though the values of strings c and e are same, they point to different objects in memory so print
(c is e) gives False.

Question 18a
Find the errors(s)
name = "HariT"
print (name)
name[2] = 'R'
print (name)
19
Answer

The line name[2] = 'R' is trying to assign the letter 'R' to the second index of string name but strings are
immutable in Python and hence such item assignment for strings is not supported in Python.

Question 18b
Find the errors(s)
a = bool (0)
b = bool (1)
print (a == false)
print (b == true)

Answer
false and true are invalid literals in Python. The correct boolean literals are False and True.

Question 18c
Find the errors(s)
print (type (int("123")))
print (type (int("Hello")))
print (type (str("123.0")))
Answer
In the line print (type (int("Hello"))), string "Hello" is given as an argument to int() but it cannot be
converted into a valid integer so it causes an error.

Question 18d
Find the errors(s)
pi = 3.14
print (type (pi))
print (type ("3.14"))
print (type (float ("3.14")))
print (type (float("three point fourteen")))

Answer
In the line print (type (float("three point fourteen"))) , string "three point fourteen" is given as an
argument to float() but it cannot be converted into a valid floating-point number so it causes an error.

Question 18e
Find the errors(s)
print ("Hello" + 2)
print ("Hello" + "2")
print ("Hello" * 2)

Answer
The line print ("Hello" + 2) causes an error as addition operator (+) cannot concatenate a string and an int.

Question 18f
Find the errors(s)
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print ("Hello"/2)

print ("Hello" / 2)
Answer
Both the lines of this Python code will give an error as strings cannot be used with division operator (/).

Question 19a
What will be the output produced?
x, y, z = True, False, False
a = x or (y and z)
b = (x or y) and z
print(a, b)
Answer

Output
True False

Explanation

1. x or (y and z)
⇒ True or (False and False)
⇒ True
2. (x or y) and z
⇒ (True or False) and False
⇒ True and False
⇒ False

Question 19b
What will be the output produced?
x, y = '5', 2
z = x + y
print(z)
Answer
This code produces an error in the line z = x + y as operands of addition operator (+) are string and int,
respectively which is not supported by Python.

Question 19c
What will be the output produced?
s = 'Sipo'
s1 = s + '2'
s2 = s * 2
print(s1)
print(s2)
Answer

Output
Sipo2
21
SipoSipo

Explanation

1. s1 = s + '2' concatenates 'Sipo' and '2' storing 'Sipo2' in s1.

2. s2 = s * 2 repeats 'Sipo' twice storing 'SipoSipo' in s2.

Question 19d
What will be the output produced?
w, x, y, z = True , 4, -6, 2
result = -(x + z) < y or x ** z < 10
print(result)
Answer

Output
False

Explanation
-(x + z) < y or x ** z < 10
⇒ -(4 + 2) < -6 or 4 ** 2 < 10
⇒ -6 < -6 or 4 ** 2 < 10
⇒ -6 < -6 or 16 < 10
⇒ False or False
⇒ False

Question 20
Program is giving a weird result of "0.50.50.50.50.50.50..........". Correct it so that it produces the correct result
which is the probability value (input as 0.5) times 150.
probability = input("Type a number between 0 and 1: ")
print("Out of 150 tries, the odds are that only", (probability * 150), "will
succeed.")
[Hint. Consider its datatype.]
Answer
The corrected program is below:
probability = float(input("Type a number between 0 and 1: "))
print("Out of 150 tries, the odds are that only", (probability * 150), "will
succeed.")

Question 21
Consider the code given below:
import random
r = random.randrange(100, 999, 5)
print(r, end = ' ')
r = random.randrange(100, 999, 5)
print(r, end = ' ')
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r = random.randrange(100, 999, 5)
print(r)

Which of the following are the possible outcomes of the above code ? Also, what can be the maximum and
minimum number generated by line 2 ?
(a) 655, 705, 220
(b) 380, 382, 505
(c) 100, 500, 999
(d) 345, 650, 110
Answer

The possible outcomes of the above code can be:

Option (a) — 655, 705, 220
Option (d) — 345, 650, 110
Maximum number can be 995 and minimum number can be 100.

Question 22
Consider the code given below:
import random
r = random.randint(10, 100) - 10
print(r, end = ' ')
r = random.randint(10, 100) - 10
print(r, end = ' ')
r = random.randint(10, 100) - 10
print(r)
Which of the following are the possible outcomes of the above code? Also, what can be the maximum and
minimum number generated by line 2?
(a) 12 45 22
(b) 100 80 84
(c) 101 12 43
(d) 100 12 10

Answer
The possible outcomes of the above code can be:
Option (a) — 12 45 22
Maximum number can be 90 and minimum number can be 0.

Question 23
Consider the code given below:
import random
r = random.random() * 10
print(r, end = ' ')
r = random. random() * 10
print(r, end = ' ')
r = random.random() * 10
print(r)
Which of the following are the possible outcomes of the above code? Also, what can be the maximum and
minimum number generated by line 2 ?
(a) 0.5 1.6 9.8
(b) 10.0 1.0 0.0
23
(c) 0.0 5.6 8.7
(d) 0.0 7.9 10.0

Answer
The possible outcomes of the above code can be:
Option (a) — 0.5 1.6 9.8
Option (c) — 0.0 5.6 8.7
Maximum number can be 9.999999..... and minimum number can be 0.

Question 24
Consider the code given below:
import statistics as st
v = [7, 8, 8, 11, 7, 7]
m1 = st.mean(v)
m2 = st.mode(v)
m3 = st.median(v)
print(m1, m2, m3)
Which of the following is the correct output of the above code?
(a) 7 8 7.5
(b) 8 7 7
(c) 8 7 7.5
(c) 8.5 7 7.5
Answer
The correct output of the above code is:
Option (c) — 8 7 7.5

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Type C: Programming Practice/Knowledge based Questions

Question 1
Write a program to obtain principal amount, rate of interest and time from user and compute simple
interest.

Solution
p = float(input("Enter principal: "))
r = float(input("Enter rate: "))
t = float(input("Enter time: "))

si = p * r * t / 100

print("Simple Interest =", si)

Output
Enter principal: 55000.75
Enter rate: 14.5
Enter time: 3
Simple Interest = 23925.32625

Question 2
Write a program to obtain temperatures of 7 days (Monday, Tuesday ... Sunday) and then display
average temperature of the week.

Solution
d1 = float(input("Enter Sunday Temperature: "))
d2 = float(input("Enter Monday Temperature: "))
d3 = float(input("Enter Tuesday Temperature: "))
d4 = float(input("Enter Wednesday Temperature: "))
d5 = float(input("Enter Thursday Temperature: "))
d6 = float(input("Enter Friday Temperature: "))
d7 = float(input("Enter Saturday Temperature: "))

avg = (d1 + d2 + d3 + d4 + d5 + d6 + d7) / 7

print("Average Temperature =", avg)

Output
Enter Sunday Temperature: 21.6
Enter Monday Temperature: 22.3
25
Enter Tuesday Temperature: 24.5

Enter Wednesday Temperature: 23.0

Enter Thursday Temperature: 23.7
Enter Friday Temperature: 24.2
Enter Saturday Temperature: 25
Average Temperature = 23.47142857142857

Question 3
Write a program to obtain x, y, z from user and calculate expression : 4x4 + 3y3 + 9z + 6π

Solution
import math

x = int(input("Enter x: "))
y = int(input("Enter y: "))
z = int(input("Enter z: "))

res = 4 * x ** 4 + 3 * y ** 3 + 9 * z + 6 * math.pi

print("Result =", res)

Output
Enter x: 2
Enter y: 3
Enter z: 5
Result = 208.84955592153875

Question 4
Write a program that reads a number of seconds and prints it in form : mins and seconds, e.g., 200
seconds are printed as 3 mins and 20 seconds.
[Hint. use // and % to get minutes and seconds]

Solution
totalSecs = int(input("Enter seconds: "))
mins = totalSecs // 60
secs = totalSecs % 60
print(mins, "minutes and", secs, "seconds")

Output
Enter seconds: 200
3 minutes and 20 seconds

Question 5
Write a program to take year as input and check if it is a leap year or not.

26
Solution

y = int(input("Enter year to check: "))

print(y % 4 and "Not a Leap Year" or "Leap Year")

Output
Enter year to check: 2020
Leap Year

Question 6
Write a program to take two numbers and print if the first number is fully divisible by second number
or not.

Solution
x = int(input("Enter first number: "))
y = int(input("Enter second number: "))
print(x % y and "Not Fully Divisible" or "Fully Divisible")

Output
Enter first number: 4
Enter second number: 2
Fully Divisible

Question 7
Write a program to take a 2-digit number and then print the reversed number. That is, if the input
given is 25, the program should print 52.

Solution
x = int(input("Enter a two digit number: "))
y = x % 10 * 10 + x // 10
print("Reversed Number:", y)

Output
Enter a two digit number: 25
Reversed Number: 52

Question 8
Try writing program (similar to previous one) for three digit number i.e., if you input 123, the program
should print 321.

Solution
x = int(input("Enter a three digit number: "))
d1 = x % 10
x //= 10
d2 = x % 10
x //= 10

27
d3 = x % 10

y = d1 * 100 + d2 * 10 + d3
print("Reversed Number:", y)

Output

Enter a three digit number: 123

Reversed Number: 321

Question 9
Write a program to take two inputs for day, month and then calculate which day of the year, the given
date is. For simplicity, take 30 days for all months. For example, if you give input as: Day3, Month2 then
it should print "Day of the year : 33".

Solution
d = int(input("Enter day: "))
m = int(input("Enter month: "))
n = (m - 1) * 30 + d
print("Day of the year:", n)

Output
Enter day: 3
Enter month: 2
Day of the year: 33

Question 10
Write a program that asks a user for a number of years, and then prints out the number of days, hours,
minutes, and seconds in that number of years.
How many years? 10
10.0 years is:
3650.0 days
87600.0 hours
5256000.0 minutes
315360000.0 seconds

Solution
y = float(input("How many years? "))

d = y * 365
h = d * 24
m = h * 60
s = m * 60

print(y, "years is:")

print(d, "days")
print(h, "hours")
28
print(m, "minutes")

print(s, "seconds")
Output
How many years? 10
10.0 years is:

3650.0 days
87600.0 hours
5256000.0 minutes
315360000.0 seconds

Question 11
Write a program that inputs an age and print age after 10 years as shown below:
What is your age? 17
In ten years, you will be 27 years old!

Solution
a = int(input("What is your age? "))
print("In ten years, you will be", a + 10, "years old!")

Output
What is your age? 17
In ten years, you will be 27 years old!

Question 12
Write a program whose three sample runs are shown below:
Sample Run 1:
Random number between 0 and 5 (A) : 2
Random number between 0 and 5 (B) :5.
A to the power B = 32
Sample Run 2:
Random number between 0 and 5 (A) : 4
Random number between 0 and 5 (B) :3.
A to the power B = 64
Sample Run 3:
Random number between 0 and 5 (A) : 1
Random number between 0 and 5 (B) :1.
A to the power B = 1

Solution
import random

a = random.randint(0, 5)
b = random.randint(0, 5)
c = a ** b

29
print("Random number between 0 and 5 (A) :", a)

print("Random number between 0 and 5 (B) :", b)

print("A to the power B =", c)

Output
Random number between 0 and 5 (A) : 5
Random number between 0 and 5 (B) : 3
A to the power B = 125

Question 13
Write a program that generates six random numbers in a sequence created with (start, stop, step). Then print
the mean, median and mode of the generated numbers.

Solution
import random
import statistics

start = int(input("Enter start: "))

stop = int(input("Enter stop: "))
step = int(input("Enter step: "))

a = random.randrange(start, stop, step)

b = random.randrange(start, stop, step)
c = random.randrange(start, stop, step)
d = random.randrange(start, stop, step)
e = random.randrange(start, stop, step)
f = random.randrange(start, stop, step)

print("Generated Numbers:")
print(a, b, c, d, e, f)

seq = (a, b, c, d, e, f)

mean = statistics.mean(seq)
median = statistics.median(seq)
mode = statistics.mode(seq)

print("Mean =", mean)

print("Median =", median)
print("Mode =", mode)

Output
Enter start: 100
Enter stop: 500
Enter step: 5
Generated Numbers:

30
235 255 320 475 170 325

Mean = 296.6666666666667
Median = 287.5
Mode = 235

Question 14
Write a program to generate 3 random integers between 100 and 999 which is divisible by 5.
Solution
import random

a = random.randrange(100, 999, 5)
b = random.randrange(100, 999, 5)
c = random.randrange(100, 999, 5)

print("Generated Numbers:", a, b, c)

Output
Generated Numbers: 885 825 355

Question 15
Write a program to generate 6 digit random secure OTP between 100000 to 999999.

Solution
import random

otp = random.randint(100000, 999999);

print("OTP:", otp);

Output
OTP: 553072

Question 16
Write a program to generate 6 random numbers and then print their mean, median and mode.

Solution
import random
import statistics

a = random.random()
b = random.random()
c = random.random()
d = random.random()
e = random.random()
f = random.random()

31
print("Generated Numbers:")

print(a, b, c, d, e, f)

seq = (a, b, c, d, e, f)

mean = statistics.mean(seq)
median = statistics.median(seq)
mode = statistics.mode(seq)

print("Mean =", mean)

print("Median =", median)
print("Mode =", mode)

Output
Generated Numbers:
0.47950245404109626 0.6908539320958872 0.12445888663826654 0.13613724999684718
0.37709141355821396 0.6369609321575742

Mean = 0.40750081141464756
Median = 0.4282969337996551
Mode = 0.47950245404109626

Question 17
Write a program to find a side of a right angled triangle whose two sides and an angle is given.

Solution
import math

a = float(input("Enter base: "))

b = float(input("Enter height: "))
x = float(input("Enter angle: "))

c = math.sqrt(a ** 2 + b ** 2)

print("Hypotenuse =", c)

Output
Enter base: 10.5
Enter height: 5.5
Enter angle: 60
Hypotenuse = 11.853269591129697

Question 18
Write a program to calculate the radius of a sphere whose area (4πr2) is given.

Solution
32
import math

area = float(input("Enter area of sphere: "))

r = math.sqrt(area / (4 * math.pi))

print("Radius of sphere =", r)

Output
Enter area of sphere: 380.14
Radius of sphere = 5.50005273006328

Question 19
Write a program that inputs a string and then prints it equal to number of times its length, e.g.,
Enter string : "eka"
Result ekaekaeka

Solution
str = input("Enter string: ")
len = len(str)
opStr = str * len
print("Result", opStr)

Output
Enter string: eka
Result ekaekaeka

Question 20
Find the volume of the cylinder (πr2h) as shown:
Radius = 8 cm
Height = 15 cm

Solution
import math

r = 8
h = 15
v = math.pi * r * r * h

print("Volume of Cylinder =", v)

Output
Volume of Cylinder = 3015.928947446201

Question 21
Write a program to calculate the area of an equilateral triangle. (area = (√3 / 4) * side * side).

33
Solution
import math

side = float(input("Enter side: "))

area = math.sqrt(3) / 4 * side * side

print("Area of triangle =", area)

Output
Enter side: 5
Area of triangle = 10.825317547305481

Question 22
Write a program to input the radius of a sphere and calculate its volume (V = 4/3πr3)

Solution
import math

r = float(input("Enter radius of sphere: "))

v = 4 / 3 * math.pi * r ** 3

print("Volume of sphere = ", v)

Output
Enter radius of sphere: 3.5
Volume of sphere = 179.59438003021648

Question 23
Write a program to calculate amount payable after simple interest.

Solution
p = float(input("Enter principal: "))
r = float(input("Enter rate: "))
t = float(input("Enter time: "))

si = p * r * t / 100
amt = p + si

print("Amount Payable =", amt)

34
Output
Enter principal: 55000.75
Enter rate: 14.5
Enter time: 3
Amount Payable = 78926.07625

Question 24
Write a program to calculate amount payable after compound interest.

Solution
p = float(input("Enter principal: "))
r = float(input("Enter rate: "))
t = float(input("Enter time: "))
amt = p * (1 + r / 100) ** t

print("Amount Payable =", amt)

Output
Enter principal: 15217.75
Enter rate: 9.2
Enter time: 3
Amount Payable = 19816.107987312007
Question 25
Write a program to compute (a + b)3 using the formula a3 + b3 + 3a2b + 3ab2
Solution
a = int(input("Enter a: "))
b = int(input("Enter b: "))
res = a ** 3 + b ** 3 + 3 * a ** 2 * b + 3 * a * b ** 2

print("Result =", res)

Output
Enter a: 3
Enter b: 5
Result = 512

35