9

MAPEH (P.E.)
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Sports Officiating
(Common Injuries in Sports
Activities)
Physical Education – Grade 9
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 2: EX’s: Sports Officiating-Common Injuries in Sports Activities
Second Edition, 2021

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Development Team of the Module

Writer/Streamliners: Randy F. Gutierrez
Editors: Jazze J. Sibonga, Mary Ann Lorren L. Lamata, Roselyn B.
Robelo, Jeaveth S. Suela, Belly D. Regoniel, Shylla Joy O.
Parcon, Jonathan R. Gorieza, Jemz B. Evangelio, Eustaquio L.
Calamba Jr, Levi D. Reyes, Divina T. Maligatong, Vicenta A.
Martin
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Layout Artist: Annaliza B. Uy, Jaypee K. Balera, Glen C. Napoles,
Jay Ar O. Espartero, Jake D. Bana-ay, Sherma U. Medina
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Office Address: Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal
Telefax: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893
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Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can
continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

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will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module, or if you need to ask
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learning. Answer keys are provided each activity and test. We trust that you will be
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Thankyou
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
assess your physical fitness based on the Philippine physical pyramid. The scope of
this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language
used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged
to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them
can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module will discuss the lesson on:

• Performs appropriate first aid for injuries and emergency situations in

physical activity and sports settings (e.g. cramps, sprain, heat
exhaustion)
(PE9PF-lb-30)

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. identify the common injuries that may happen during sports activity;
2. perform the basic first aid for common injury; and
3. value the importance of applying appropriate first aid to save lives

What I Know

Pretest:
Directions: Read the statement carefully. Choose the letter of the best answer and
write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.

1. What is the general term that caused by accidents, falls, hits weapons, and more?
A. Accident
B. Damage
C. Injury
D. Mishap

2. What immediate and temporary care is given to a person who has been injured or
suddenly taken ill?
A. Emergency Care
B. Accident Care
C. Medical Care
D. First Aid

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3. What common sport injury is known as a response to heat characterized by
fatigue, weakness and collapse due to inadequate intake of water to compensate
for loss of fluids during sweating?
A. Sprain
B. Cramps
C. Head Injury
D. Heat Exhaustion

4. What common sport injury when two bones that come together to form a joint
become separated?
A. Injury
B. Dislocations
C. Fractured bone
D. Heat Exhaustion

5. What sports injury is defined as a sudden and involuntary contraction of one or

more muscles, sudden sharp pain, you might also feel or see a hard lump of
muscle tissue beneath your skin?
A. Cramps
B. Fraction
C. Dislocation
D. Heat Exhaustion

6. Fracture is one of the common sport injury athletes may experience. For first aider,
what is the most important thing to do in this situation?
A. Immediately move the injured person.
B. If there are any wounds, disinfect immediately.
C. Call someone to move the injured person in a safe place.
D. Do not move the person except if necessary, to avoid further injury.

7. Sprain and strain are different sport injury that many people are use the terms
interchangeably to describe everything from a twisted ankle to a pulled hamstring.
Which of the following describes the main difference between sprain and strain?
A. A sprain is a common ankle injury and strain a common knee injury.
B. A sprain happens in a muscle or tendon while strain happens in the
ligament.
C. A sprain is a tear in a ligament while strain is separation of muscle from
tendon.
D. A sprain is a stretch or tear in a ligament, while a strain is also stretch or
tear, but it happens in a muscle or tendon.

8. What injury is known that results from a blow or twist to the knee, from improper
landing after jump or from running too hard, too much or without proper warm
up?
A. Knee lay
B. Cramps
C. Sprain
D. Strain

2
9. What type of injury is a break in the bone that can occur from either a quick, one-
time injury to the bone or from repeated stress to the bone over time?
A. Knee injuries
B. Head injuries
C. Fracture
D. Strain

10. Which is referred to the twist, pull or tear of a muscle or tendon—a cord of tissue
connecting muscle to the bone?
A. Heat Exhaustion
B. Knee Injuries
C. Cramps
D. Strain

Directions: Identify the terms asked in the question by writing your answer in the
separate sheet of paper.
_______________1. It is a twist, pull or tear of a muscle or tendon. The symptoms
include pain, muscle spasm, and loss of strength.
_______________2. It is a type of injury resulting from a blow or twist to the knee, from
improper landing after jump or from running too hard, too much o
without proper warm- up.
_______________3. It is a response to heat characterized by fatigue, weakness, and
collapse due to inadequate intake of water to compensate for loss
of fluids during sweating.
_______________4. It is a common sport injury characterized by a break in the bone
that can occur from either a quick, one- time injury to the bone or
from repeated stress to the bone over time
_______________5. It is an acute, non- contact injury which results from over
stretching or contraction.

What’s In

You have learned in your previous lesson that before proceeding to a physical
activity, you should obtain first your Personal Maximal Heart Rate (PHMR) and
Target Heart Rate (THR) since it is one way of tracking your fitness level. Using your
heart rate, it is one of the most efficient way to assess your fitness. You have also
experienced physical fitness test that measured your lower back and hamstring
flexibility, shoulder and upper back flexibility, upper body and abdominal strength,
agility, speed and endurance.

Before proceeding the lesson, let us answer these questions.

1. What is the importance of Target Heart Rate (THR) in doing physical activity?
2. Why it is important to prepare our mind and body before doing physical
activity?

3
 What’s New

Activity 1: Guess Me, I’m 4 Pic!

Directions: Guess the type of injury these pictures imply. There are clues provided
in each number. Fill in the missing letters to form a word corresponding
to the pictures. Write your answer in a separate sheet.

1. C___ A M ___ ___

2. ___ I S ___ O ___ ___ T I ___ N

4
 3. ___ R ___ ___ T U ___ E

4. H E ___ ___ E X ___ A ___ S T ___ O ___

5
 5. K N ___ ___ I N ___ ___ R __ E S

What is It

At any moment, you or someone around you could experience an injury or

illness. Using basic first aid, you may be able to stop a minor mishap from getting
worse. In the case of a serious medical emergency, you may even save a life.
Now, let us tackle one by one our topic for today which is common injuries
encountered by officiating officials and athletes. To begin, let us find out the
definitions of injury and first aid.

Injury

It is a general term that refers to harm caused by accidents, falls, hits,

weapons, and more. These injuries range from minor to life- threatening.
Injuries can happen at work or play, indoors or outdoors, driving a car, or
walking across the streets.

First aid

It is an immediate and temporary care given to a person who has been

injured or suddenly taken ill. It includes self- help and home care if medical
assistance is not available or delayed. The two main objectives of first aid are:
to alleviate suffering; and to prevent added/further injury or danger

Seven Common Injuries with its Basic First Aid.

1. Cramps

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 ➢ It is a sudden and involuntary contraction of one or more muscles.
Though generally harmless, muscle cramps can make it temporarily
impossible to use the affected muscle.
➢ Besides the sudden, sharp pain, you might also feel or see a hard lump
of muscle tissue beneath your skin.

First Aid:

1. Stretch and massage. Stretch the cramped muscle and gently rub it to
help it relax. For a calf cramp, put your weight on your cramped leg
and bend your knee slightly. If you are unable to stand, sit on the floor
or in a chair with your affected leg extended.
2. Apply heat or cold. Use a warm towel or heating the pad on tense or
tight muscles. Taking a warm bath or directing the stream of hot
shower onto the cramped muscle also can help. Alternatively,
massaging the cramped muscle with ice may relieve pain.

2. Dislocations

➢ It is when the two bones that come together to form a joint become
separated, the joint is described as dislocated.
➢ Contact sports such as football, basketball, and lacrosse, as well as
high impact sports that can result in excessive stretching or falling,
cause the majority dislocations.
➢ A dislocated joint is an emergency that requires medical treatment.

First Aid:

1. Call 999 or 112 for emergency help if you cannot take them yourself.
2. Advise the casualty to stay still. Help them to support their dislocated joint
in the most comfortable position.
Do not try to put the dislocated bone back in to its socket, as this may
cause further injury.

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 3. Stop the joint from moving.
If you think they have dislocated their shoulder or elbow, support the
injured arm using a sling. To give extra support, tie a broad- fold bandage
(wide bandage) around the chest and the sling. If a hand or arm is injured,
remove any rings, or watches in case of swelling.
If you think they have dislocated their ankle, knee, or hip joint, support
the injured leg using padding and broad- fold bandages.
4. While waiting for help, treat for shock if necessary. Monitor their level of
response.
Do not raise an injured leg. Only raise the uninjured leg.
5. Check the circulation beyond any bandages every 10 minutes and loosen
if necessary.

3. Fractures

➢ A fracture is a break in the bone that can occur from either a quick,
one- time injury to the bone (acute fracture) or from repeated stress to
the bone over time (stress fracture).
➢ The most common symptom of a stress fracture is pain at the site that
worsens with weight bearing activities.
➢ Tenderness and swelling often accompany the pain.

First Aid:

1. Apply the R.I.C.E (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) method.

2. Keep the limb in the position you found it and place soft padding around the
broken bones. Splint the injury with something rigid, such as rolled up
newspaper or magazines, to prevent the bones from shifting. Do not move the
broken bones. Splints must be long enough to extend beyond joints above and
below the fracture.
3. If there is an open fracture, cover it with a clean gauze pad. Apply pressure to
control bleeding. Do not try to push the bone back into the wound and do not
attempt to clean it.
4. Get medical attention immediately. Fractures of the femur and pelvis may
cause severe internal bleeding.
5. Don't give the person anything to eat or drink in case surgery is needed.

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4. Heat Exhaustion

➢ It is a response to heat characterized by fatigue, weakness and collapse

due to inadequate intake of water to compensate for loss of fluids
during sweating.

First Aid:
1. Have the victim lie down with his/her feet elevated.
2. Keep the victim cool.
3. Give him/her electrolyte beverages to sip or make a salted drink.
4. Monitor the victim for signs of shock.
5. If the victim starts having seizures, protect him/her from injury and give
first aid for convulsions.
6. If the victim loses consciousness, give first aid for unconsciousness.

5. Knee Injuries

➢ It is a result from a blow or twist to the knee, from improper landing

after jump or from running too hard, too much or without proper warm
up.
➢ Knee injuries can range from mild to severe.
➢ Less severe would be tendinitis, patella femoral compression syndrome,
iliotibial band syndrome and bursitis.
➢ Major injuries are common to the Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL),
Meniscus injuries, Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), Medical collateral
ligament (MCL), and the Lateral collateral ligament (LCL

First Aid:
1. Stop your activity immediately. Do not ‘work through’ the pain.
2. Rest the joint at first.

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 3. Reduce pain, swelling and internal bleeding with icepacks, applied for 15
minutes every couple of hours.
4. Bandage the knee firmly and extend the wrapping down the lower leg.
5. Elevate the injured leg.
6. Do not apply the heat to the joint.
7. Do not massage the joint, as this encourages bleeding and swelling.

6. Sprain

➢ It is a stretch or tear of a ligament, the band of connective tissues that

joins the end of one bone with another.
➢ Sprains are caused by trauma such as a fall or a blow to the body that
knocks a joint out of position and, in the worst case, ruptures the
supporting ligament.
➢ Sprains can range from first degree (minor) to third degree (the worst).
➢ Ankles, knees, and wrists are parts of the body vulnerable to sprain.
➢ Swelling and bruising are some signs and symptoms.

First Aid:
1. Remove any clothing or jewelry around the joint.
2. Apply cold compress at once.
3. Elevate the affected joint.
4. The victim’s physician may recommend an over the counter anti-
inflammatory medication (aspirin, ibuprofen) appropriate for the victims’
general health.
7. Strain

➢ It is a twist, pull or tear of a muscle or tendon—a cord of tissue

connecting muscle to the bone.
➢ It is an acute, non- contact injury that results from over stretching or
over contraction.
➢ Symptoms of strain include pain, muscle spasm, and loss of strength.

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First Aid:

1. Apply ice right away to reduce swelling. Wrap the ice in cloth. Do not place
ice directly on the skin. Apply ice for 10 to 15 minutes every 1 hour for the
first day and every 3 to 4 hours after that.

1. Use ice for the first 3 days. After 3 days, either heat or ice may be helpful
if you still have pain.
2. Rest the pulled muscle for at least a day. If possible, keep the pulled
muscle raised above your heart.
3. Try not to use a strained muscle while it is still painful. When the pain
starts to go away, you can slowly increase activity by gently stretching the
injured muscle.

What’s More

Directions: Listed below are some of the physical activities for fitness.
Determine the following exercises if it is Static or Dynamic
on the separate sheet of paper.

_______________1. Marching in place with arms swinging in alternate

position with the legs.

_______________2. Bending your neck gently, attempting to touch your ear

to your shoulder.

_______________3. Stretching both hands upward overhead. Raise right

arm higher than left without bending elbow, then left
higher than right.

_______________4. Jumping by means of a force made by feet and hands

against the surface.

_______________5. Jumping from one foot to the same foot after a brief
suspension in the air.

_______________6. Bending trunk sideward right, and left with hand on

waist. Left hand raised straight forward close to Left ear
palms facing inward.

_______________7. Bending trunk forward and backward with knees

slightly bent. Bring arms down, hands touching floor.

_______________8. Jumping from one foot while moving the body forward.

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 _______________9. Transferring the weight from one foot to another while
walking.
_______________10. Standing on the left leg while holding the right leg with
the right hand behind. Left hand extended forward for
balance.

What I Have Learned

You are already done learning the common injuries that may happen during
sports events. Now, let me ask you three questions.

1. Discuss and briefly explain the following: Cramps, Dislocation, Fracture, Heat
Exhaustion, Knee Injury, Sprain, and Strain.
2. How can you prevent these injuries?
3. Why it is very important to prepare our mind and body before doing any sports
or physical activity?

After learning the common injuries, we also tackled the basic first aid. Since,
you all know that first aid is an immediate and temporary care given to a person who
has been injured or suddenly taken ill, let me ask you these two questions.

1. Can you call yourselves as first aider even though you have not undergone the
formal training for first aid? Why?
2. Why it is very essential to learn the basic first aid?

What I Can Do

For you to measure your learnings in doing basic first aid, answer this
scenario.

General Direction: Given below is a scenario. Choose between option A or option B.

Option A: Draw an illustration based on the given scenario. Below your illustration,
enumerate the basic first aid to be done.

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Option B: Create a video clip where you are performing a basic first aid base on the
scenario given. Send your video clip through a messenger.

Amy is doing her tune-up game together with her team at the Municipal
Gym. She is a volleyball player. Her family accompanies her that day. The setter
tosses the ball towards her so that she can spike it to the opponent’s court. She
successfully hits the ball with too much power and the opponent did not catch
it. Unfortunately, during her landing, her foot did not land correctly that made
her fall in pain. The members of her family run to the court. Her mother knows
how to do basic first aid since she is a licensed paramedic. What first aid
procedure does you think Amy’s mother will do?

Option A.

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Criteria for Option A

Criteria 5 4 3 2 1

Accuracy
Completeness
Neatness

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Rubric for Option B

Below Met Expected

Expectations Expectations Expectations
1 3 5
Identify the Identify the Identify the Identify the
Situation situation the situation and situation, show the
victim is in. show proper proper steps/ and
steps in begin first aid.
performing first
aid.
Performance Showed proper Showed proper Showed proper
techniques but techniques but techniques/identified
missing some treated one victim each victim’s
steps. improperly. problem. Performed
proper first aid
skills.
Self-Assessment Examined one’s Examined one’s Examined
performance, but performance, performance, found
did not find what found what they what was wrong and
they did wrong did wrong. what they could do
better next time.

Assessment

Directions: Read the statement carefully and choose the letter of the best answer
and write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.

1. What sports injury is defined as a sudden and involuntary contraction of one or

more muscles, sudden sharp pain, you might also feel or see a hard lump of
muscle tissue beneath your skin?
A. Cramps
B. Dislocations
C. Fracture
D. Heat Exhaustion
2. What type of injury is a break in the bone that can occur from either a quick, one-
time injury to the bone or from repeated stress to the bone over time?
A. Cramps
B. Fracture
C. Knee Injuries
D. Strain
3. What is referred to the twist, pull or tear of a muscle or tendon—a cord of tissue
connecting muscle to the bone?
A. Cramps
B. Knee Injuries
C. Sprain
D. Strain

14
4. Sprain and strain is a different sport injury that many are people use the terms
interchangeably to describe everything from a twisted ankle to a pulled hamstring.
Which of the following describes the main difference between sprain and strain?
A. A sprain is a common ankle injury and strain a common knee
injury.
B. A sprain happens in a muscle or tendon while strain happens in
the ligament.
C. A sprain is a tear in a ligament while strain is separation of
muscle from tendon.
D. A sprain is a stretch or tear in a ligament, while a strain is also
stretch or tear, but it happens in a muscle or tendon.
5. What injury is known that resulted from a blow or twist to the knee, from improper
landing after jump or from running too hard, too much or without proper warm
up?
A. Cramps
B. Knee Injuries
C. Sprain
D. Strain
6. What common sport injury is known as a response to heat characterized by
fatigue, weakness and collapse due to inadequate intake of water to compensate for
loss of fluids during sweating?

A. Cramps
B. Dislocations
C. Fracture
D. Heat Exhaustion
7. What common sport injury when the two bones that come together to form a joint
become separated?
A. Cramps
B. Dislocations
C. Fracture
D. Heat Exhaustion
8. Fracture is one of the common sport injury athletes may experience. For first aider,
what is the most important thing to do in this situation?
A. Immediately move the injured person.
B. If there are any wounds, disinfect immediately.
C. Call someone to move the injured person in a safe place.
D. Do not move the person except if necessary, to avoid further
injury.
9. What is the general term that refers to harm caused by accidents, falls, hits,
weapons, etc.?
A. Accident
B. Damage
C. Injury
D. Mishap

15
10. What immediate and temporary care is given to a person who has been injured
or suddenly taken ill?
A. Accident Care
B. First aid
C. Medical care
D. Emergency Care
Directions: Identify the terms asked in the question by writing your answer in the
space provided before the number.

_______________1. It is a common sport injury characterized by a break in the bone

that can occur from either a quick, one- time injury to the bone or
from repeated stress to the bone over time.
_______________2. It is a response to heat characterized by fatigue, weakness, and
collapse due to inadequate intake of water to compensate for loss
of fluids during sweating.
_______________3. It is a twist, pull or tear of a muscle or tendon. The symptoms
include pain, muscle spasm, and loss of strength.
_______________4. It is an acute, non- contact injury which results from over
stretching or contraction.
_______________5. It is a type of injury resulting from a blow or twist to the knee, from
improper landing after jump or from running too hard, too much o
without proper warm- up.

Additional Activities

Directions: Write five examples of sport injuries except for the 7 common injuries
discussed. Provide a brief description in each injury. Write your answers
in the space provided.

Sports Injuries Description

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

16
 17
Instructional Manual for Physical Education and Health
Physical Fitness Self-Testing Activities
Physical Education and Health 9
Books
References
What's More
1.
2.
3.
4.
Assessment
I. Matching Type
A.
1. C
5. 2. A
3. D
4. B
5. F
II. Multiple Choice
1. A
What’s More 2. B
What's New A. 3. C
1. Static 4. B
1. CRAMPS 2. Static 5. D
3. Static 6. B
2. DISLOCATION 4. Dynamic 7. A
5. Dynamic 8. C
3. FRACTURE 6. Static 9. A
7. Static 10. A
4. HEAT EXHAUSTION 8. Dynamic
9. Dynamic
5. KNEE INJURIES 10. Static
Answer Key
 DISCLAIMER
This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN with the
primary objective of preparing for and addressing the new normal. Contents of this
module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC). This
is a supplementary material to be used by all learners of Region XII in all public
schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The process of LR development was observed in
the production of this module. This is version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback,
comments, and recommendation.

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN

Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)

Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893

Email Address: [email protected]