JAVA PROGRAMMING

Lecture 3 : Variable , data type , input/output

 Java Syntax

Review
✓ The main method It is required and you will see it in every Java
main() program

public static void main(String[] args)

✓ println() method This method is to print a line of text to the

screen

System.out.println("Hello World");
 Java Variables
Variables are ❑String - stores text, such as "Hello". String values
containers for are surrounded by double quotes
storing data ❑int - stores integers (whole numbers), without
values. decimals, such as 123 or -123
❑float - stores floating point numbers, with decimals,
such as 19.99 or -19.99
different types ❑char - stores single characters, such as 'a' or 'B'.
of variables Char values are surrounded by single quotes
❑boolean - stores values with two states: true or
false
 Java Variables declarations
To create a variable, Example
you must specify the Create a variable called name of
type and assign it a type String and assign it the value "John":
value:

String name = "John";

Syntax

type variable = value;

 Java Variables declarations
To create a variable, Example
you must specify the Create a variable called name of
type and assign it a type String and assign it the value "John":
value:

String name = "John";

Syntax

type variable = value;

 Java Variables declarations
To create a variable, Example
you must specify the Create a variable called name of
type and assign it a type String and assign it the value "John":
value:

String name = "John";

Syntax

type variable = value;

Create a variable called myNum of type int and assign it the value 15:

Java Variables declarations

To create a variable, Example
you must specify the Create a variable called name of
type and assign it a type String and assign it the value "John":
value:

String name = "John";

Syntax
Display the variable value
type variable = value; System.out.println(name);
Create a variable called myNum of type int and assign it the value 15:

Java Variables declarations

To create a variable, Example
you must specify the You can also declare a variable without
type and assign it a assigning the value, and assign the value
later
value:
int num;
Syntax num = 15;

Display the variable value

type variable = value; System.out.println(num);
Create a variable called myNum of type int and assign it the value 15:

Java Variables declarations

Note that if you
assign a new value to Example
an existing variable, it
will overwrite the Change the value of num from 7 to 3:
previous value

int num = 7 ;
num = 3;

Display the variable value

System.out.println(num);
 Java Variables declarations
Example
Other Types
int myNum = 5; // Integer (whole number)
float myFloatNum = 5.99f; // Floating point number
char myLetter = 'D'; // Character
boolean myBool = true; // Boolean
String myText = "Hello"; // String

Display the variable value

System.out.println(myFloatNum);
System.out.println(myLetter);
 Primitive Data Types
A primitive data type specifies the size and type of variable values, and
it has no additional methods.
There are eight primitive data types in Java:
 Primitive Data Types
A primitive data type specifies the size and type of variable values, and
it has no additional methods.
There are eight primitive data types in Java:
 Numbers
Primitive number types are divided into two groups:

Integer types stores whole numbers, positive or negative

(such as 123 or -456), without decimals. Valid types
are byte, short, int and long. Which type you should use,
depends on the numeric value.

Floating point types represents numbers with a fractional

part, containing one or more decimals. There are two
types: float and double.
 Java Type Casting
Type casting is when you assign a value of one primitive data type to
another type.

In Java, there are two types of casting:

•Widening Casting (automatically) - converting a smaller type to a larger

type size
byte -> short -> char -> int -> long -> float -> double

•Narrowing Casting (manually) - converting a larger type to a smaller

size type
double -> float -> long -> int -> char -> short -> byte