INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITIONS

MEMBERS

JHULHAM ABDULLAH
LAURENCE ABALOS
DEMI RAINE PIALA
BETTY MAE CASCANTE
BAINOR BUISAN
CHARLENE MAE BORTANO
Objectives
• Define ‘art’ within a cultural perspective
• Explain the difference between ‘objective’ and
‘subjective.’
• Discuss the meaning of ‘aesthetics and its
relationship to cultural conventions
• Clarify misconceptions about art;
A RT from a cultural standpoint involves making,
conveying, and understanding creative pieces within the
boundaries of a particular culture or society. It mirrors
the culture’s values, traditions, beliefs, and historical
impacts, often communicating distinctive messages and
thoughts connected to that setting. Cultural viewpoints
influence how art is made, perceived, and valued,
introducing additional depths of meaning to the artistic
journey and its outcomes.
T HE MEANING OF ART
Art is derived from the Latin word “ars” meaning “ability” or “skill”. It
covers those areas of artistic creativity that seek to communicate
beauty primarily through the sense . Art embraces the visual arts,
literature, music, dance. Art may be characterized in terms of mimesis
(its representation of reality), expression, communication of emotion ,
or other qualities . Though the definition of what constitutes art is
disputed and has changed over time , general descriptions center on
the idea of imaginative or technical skill stemming from human agency
and creation. When it comes to visually identifying a work of art, there
is no single set of values or aesthetic traits.
Aesthetics
Aesthetics is a branch of philosophy dealing with beauty or the
beautiful, especially in art, and with taste and standards of value in
judging art. Lip’s Theodor defines aesthetics as the science of the
beautiful. Aesthetics consists the sense of beauty. It is characterized
by love of beauty. It is concern more with pure emotion and sensation
and less with pure intellect; It means, broadly a devotion to beauty
and primarily to beauty as found in art and in whatever is attractive in
the world around us. So any study of beauty be it natural or man-
made, can be called aesthetic.
Art is everywhere
Art as it is found everywhere is very much part of our lives. We cannot
deny its presence even if we want to. We find art in the clothes we
wear, the furniture and furnishings, style of houses and vehicles. We
fond art objects in the home and in the community, in religion, in trade,
and in industry.

Examples:
• Coins, medals and pendants are examples of relief sculptures
• Paper bills and postage stamps are example of engravings

All this things are part of human efforts to lessen the drabness and tedium of
everyday living and transform the environment into more interesting place to
live in.
Art as creation
Human have been led by an innate craving for order to create objects that are
delightful to perceive. The word “creation” in this sense refers to the act of
combining and reordering already existing material so that new object is form.
The purpose of art is much more than just creating something beautiful. Art and
craft can inspire future generations, educate, and express, but it can also heal,
criticize, and question. Art can help us understand each other, as well as our
past. It’s a tool to build bridges between people of different cultures and ages.
Art makes you think about what you see, feel, or even hear. With art, there’s no
wrong and no right – it all comes down to your personal interpretation and taste.
As a creative activity, art involves skill and expertness in handling material and
organizing them into new. These skill thus not just happen. It is acquired long
training and constant practice. Therefore art is a planned activity.
Art and Experience
Art as experience is defined as the viewer and the artist being aware that the
art is not a stagnant object. It is a result of experiences between the artist, the
viewer, and the object. Something can only be an art work if it is an
experienced object. Art requires long periods of activity and reflection, and
comes only to those absorbed in observing experience. An artist’s work
requires reflection on past experience and a sifting of emotions and meanings
from that prior experience. Three major kind of experience. An artist has an
experience that he/she wants to communicate. The artist express the self –
that of creating the art object or form when the work is done, there is the
artist gratifying experience of having accomplished something significant.
These are varying combinations of sensory, emotional and intellectual
response involved in experiencing art. These are the experiences of the
onlookers and listeners.
Art and Nature
The relationship between nature and art is a profound one, with nature
serving as a prominent muse for famous artists like Van Gogh and Monet. It’s
celebrated in art for its sublime beauty and intricate details. Some
philosophers, like Aristotle, believed that art could mimic and complement
nature, adding a unique perspective to its portrayal. Over time, artists have
connected nature to human emotions and spirituality, using various art
movements like Tonalism, naturalism, Plein air, Danube school, and Ecological
art to depict nature’s beauty. Landscape paintings, capturing the Earth’s
surface as well as other landscapes like moonscapes and seascapes, have been
a prominent theme in art throughout history. Nature’s influence on art is
timeless and continues to inspire creativity
Art and Beauty
This passage discusses the essence of art and beauty. It emphasizes that art is
a means of expressing thoughts, emotions, and experiences that cannot
always be conveyed by words or actions alone. Art serves as a medium for
artists to communicate messages and evoke emotions in viewers. Beauty, on
the other hand, is more than mere aesthetics; it’s a measure of impact and
emotion. The text suggests that beauty is not solely defined by reason but is
understood through intuition and human feelings. It acknowledges that art can
encompass various qualities, including order, balance, and proportion, but it
ultimately reflects the viewer’s perception. Art is seen as a multi-dimensional
medium for conveying messages and emotions.
Assumption of Art
Our attitude towards the art may be influenced by these assumptions:
1. Art has been created by various people, at all places and time. Art exist
because it is liked and enjoyed.
2. Art does not grow old.
3. Art is something to be seen or heard.
4. Art is the product of human’s imaginations and skill in doing things.
5. Nature is artful. Its beauty and artistry could be enhanced.
Work of Art
- A work of art is an activity that involves both imagination and skills in
accomplishing it.

Some guidelines in understanding a work of art.

1. What did the artist make? What is it about?
2. What did the artist want to show in the whole of the artwork? What is it
for?
3. What is the artwork made of?
4. How are the materials and elements put together or organized?
Form and Content
 Form (or design), is the visual organization of the art work
-how the artist has used line, shape, value, color, etc. Content is the impact or
meaning of this work.

 Form
The form of a work of art or design refers to all of its visible elements and the
particular way these come together as a whole.
These include: The material or medium used to construct the work.
Examples are marble, bronze, found objects, oil paint, video, wood, steel,
mixed media, and photography: The color of the work and the way color has
been used in terms of tonal variation, contrast, harmony, coolness, warmth,
opacity, and translucence.
Form and Content
The use of line in the work and whether or not it is curved, angular,
directional, repetitive, flowing, and irregular. The texture or surface of the
work and whether it is rough, smooth, tactile, repellant, viscous, and fluid. The
composition of the work like the way the space is organized or how the
elements are put together. For example, one point perspective, close up,
viewed from above, depth of field, chaotic, symmetrical, grid-like.
The scale or dimensions of a work and whether it is monumental, miniature,
intimate, and imposing: The duration of a work and the length of time the
viewer is expected to engage with it particularly significant fortimed- based
work such as video and performance.
Form and Content
 Content is the subject matter of a work of art or design. It is revealed
though the formal properties of the work and may be evident on a number
of levels. There is the immediate or obvious content of the work.
Reflection and Conclusion
Art within a cultural perspective is like a treasure trove of insights and
reflections. It allows us to delve into the heart and soul of a culture,
understanding its values, traditions, and stories. By studying art in this
context, we gain a deeper appreciation for the diversity and richness of
different cultures. It helps us bridge the gaps between past and present,
fostering a sense of connection and understanding. Art within a cultural
perspective is a powerful tool for celebrating and preserving the beauty and
uniqueness of our world.
References
- Lyotard, J.-F. (1979). "The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge."
- Jameson, F. (1991). "Postmodernism, or, The Cultural Logic of Late
Capitalism."
- Danto, A. C. (1964). "The Artworld." Journal of Philosophy, 61(19), 571-584.
- Kant, I. (1790). "Critique of Judgment.“
- Bell, C. (1914). "Art.“
- Dickie, G. (1974). "Art and the Aesthetic: An Institutional Analysis.“
- Lyotard, J.-F. (1979). "The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge.“
- Becker, H. S. (1982). "Art Worlds.“
- John. 1934. Art as experience. New York: Penguin Putnam.
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OPEN FORUM
Essential Question
How does technology and digital
media impacted the art world?