English test 9th form – TUESDAY 16 ( FULL)

II.Pronunciation : 1 A. near B. dear C. hear D. bear

2.A. naked B. punished C. forced D. fixed
3.A. government B. moment C. comment D. development
4.A. whether B. ethnic C. clothing D. these
5.A. pleased B. punished C. practiced D. promised
6 A. tour B. course C. court D. pour
7 A. boot B. root C. shoot D. foot
8 A. preserve B. measure C. decision D. usual
9 A. Part B spare C. park D. card
10 A Grown B clown C brown D drown
III Choose the word whose stressed pattern is different from the others.
1A. comic B. police C . fashion D. cotton
2 A. remote B. amount C. purpose D. museum
3A. correspond B. convenient C. compulsory D. communicate
4 A. community B. minority C. biology D. dormitory
5 A. generous B. humorous C. enormous D. dangerous
6 A. friendliness B. occasion C. pagoda D. deposit
7 A. importing B. specific C . impolite D. important
8 A. museum B. poison C. visual D. disaster
9 A. conservation B. minority C. especially D. environment
10 A. rescue B. announce C. complete D. appear
11 A. relax B. recognize C. realize D. relatively
XI. Choose the best answer:
1.I was astonished that he turned down the job – I __________ it would have been ideal for him.
a. have thought b. would have thought c. am thinking d. had been thinking
2._________ that she burst into tears.
a. Such was angry girl b. So angry she was c. She was angry so d. Her anger was such
3. He suddenly saw Sue ..................... the room. He pushed his way ..................... the crowd of people to get to her.
A. across/through B. over/through C. over/along D. across/across
4. Peter: “ I’ve got to go, Betty. So long." Betty: ” So long, Peter. And __________”
A. be careful B. don’t hurry C. take care D. don’t take
5 In my company, the director deputy usually _____the responsibility for organizing meetings and conferences.
A. makes B. gets C. takes D. becomes
6 "What did you buy so much paint __?" "I'm going to paint my room again."A. for B. about C. with D. by
7. We were lucky the taxi arrived without any ______________. Otherwise we wouldn’t have arrived in time for our train
A. pause B. delay C. assure D. declare
8. We couldn’t stay long, so we only wished Mark many happy _____________ of his birthday and hurried to the airport.
A. days B. returns C. moments D. regards
9. Michael was ____________ with anger when he saw his car had been scratched. A. stored B. fixed C. loaded D. filled
10 I really can’t __________ the twins apart. They look so alike. A. say B. talk C. take D. tell
11 Released in 1915, __________A. D.W Griffith’s made an epic film about the Civil War, Birth of a Nation.
B. the Civil War was the subject of D.W. Griffith’s epic film, Birth of a Nation.
C. D.W. Griffith’s epic film Birth of a Nation was about the Civil War.
D. the subject of D.W. Griffith’s epic film Birth of a Nation was the Civil War.
12. As soon as you buy a car, it starts falling in __________.A. cost B. worth C. value D. price
13 Boy: “Would you say that English is a global language?” Girl: "__________ "
A. Yes, it has. B. I like it. C. I don’t understand the difference. D. Oh, absolutely.
14 The couple decided to __________ every month for their retirement.
A. put some money away B. put some money aside C. take up some money D. take some money away
15 The doctor gave the patient __________ examination to discover the cause of his collapse.
A. a thorough B. an exact C. a universal D. a whole
16 Henry: " _______ "John: "Nothing ."A. What do you do? B. What's new? C. How are you? D. Are you a newcomer?
17 Sarah: "I am terribly sorry, Mr. Johnson. I won't be able to come to the office tomorrow."
Mr. Johnson: " __________ " A. Oh, that's annoying. B. Sounds like fun. C. Well, never mind.D. Great,
Sarah.
18 Everybody was pleased with the ______ .A. vegetable soup delicious hot B. hot delicious vegetable soup
C. delicious hot vegetable soup D. delicious vegetable hot soup
19 I don’t want to be hard on you, but you _________________me before using my laptop.
A. must have asked B. might have asked C. needn’t have asked D. may as well ask
20 I met _______man in the conference.A. a tall American interesting B. an interesting tall American
C. so tall an American interesting D. an American tall interesting
21 She watched _________fascination when he was sketching. A. in B. from C. with D. on
22 The threat of failing an exam provides the ___to work harder. A. go-ahead B. incentive C. inspiration D. vitality
23 Mr. Henry was given a medal in _____ of his service to his country.
 A. response B. knowledge C. gratitude D. recognition
24 don’t suppose that there is anything wrong with this computer, _____?
A. is there B. do I C. don’t I D. isn’t there
25.~ Ann : “______________” ~ Becca : "What's so special about it?"
26 .I cannot bear the noise of my brother's radio; it---------me from my work.
A disturbs B perturbs C interruptsD distracts
27 The monitor always goes to class on time to-------a good example for the class A give B set C get D bring
28 Kate is committed to _________.
A. buying goods from that shop B. buy goods from that shop C. that shop for buying goods D. that shop to buy goods
29.though they had been robbed ......... all their money , they were able to come home . A away. B of. C off. D up.
30 There’s no danger in using this machine as long as you ……………to the safety regulations
A .comply B. stick C. observe D. abide
31 We are supposed to attend __ on “Brain Electronics” tomorrow .A.a lecture Ba discussion C a meeting D. a
conference
32 Since Elgin was fired from the university , he has been forced to work in the market to earn his---------
A wage B debt C livelihood D life
33 A(n) ----------is being conducted to determine how many people approve of the new law
a campaign b thought c survey d investigation
34 The sudden resignation of the financial director put the company in a very--------------------position.
A. weak B. unsteady C. vulnerable D. collapsed
35 The contractor’s recommendation is that the old building ………………_.
A. is needed repairing B. needs to be repaired C. need repairing D. need to repair
36 Why did you ride your bike yesterday? B .............A: economic B: economically C: economy D: economical
37 “These beers are ___________!” whispered the grinning tenant to his customers on Sunday morning.
A. on the shelf B. on the house C. on the rocks D. on the carpet
38 Remember that things such as language, food and clothing are simply expressions of our cultural _--------------------_.
A. identity B. characteristics C. personality D. uniqueness
39 This________dictionary includes a few animations. A. electrifying B. electronic C. electric D. electrical
40 Some experienced firefighters and rangers say that in late Autumn, forests may easily ------------------ fire.
A. become B. catch C. turn D. get
41 People should not have children unless they are ----------------to being responsible parents.
A. allowed B. promised C. involved D. committed
42 All applicants must --------------their university transcript and two reference letters to be considered for this job.
A. permit B. omit C. submit D. admit
18 Everybody was pleased with the ______ .A. vegetable soup delicious hot B. hot delicious vegetable soup
C. delicious hot vegetable soup D. delicious vegetable hot soup
44. ___ he was the most prominent candidate, he was not chosen.
A. Though B. Because C. As D. Since
45. On he had won, he jumped for joy.
A. he was told B. having told C. being told D. get fined
46. The jury ______ her compliments on her excellent knowledge of the subject.
A. paid B. gave C. made D. said
47. I had a ______ chat with my manager and gave him an update on the project.
A. brief B. short C. quick D. lull
48. There has been a hot debate among the scientists relating to the ______of using robotic probes to study distant objects
in space. A. problems and solutions B. pros and cons C. solutions and limitations D. causes and effects
49. News of the new pay agreement spread like ________throughout the factory.
A. wildfire B. butter C. the plaque D. a flood
50. Everybody was busy with the spring cleaning, except Stanley, who always refused to pull his .
A. weight B. socks C. finger D. share
51. Poor management brought the company to ________of collapse.
A. the edge B. the foot C. the ring D. the brink
52. Computers are said to be ________ for the development of mankind.
A. here today, gone tomorrow B. here and there C. here to stay D. neither here nor there
53. When I got my case back, it had been damaged ________repair.
A. over B. further C. above D. beyond
54. Bob got fired. He isn't looking forward to__the news to his family.
a) breaking b) cracking c) saying
55. I just can’t make up my ______ whether to order chicken or fish. A head b) brain c) mind
56. When my friend Chad told me he’d just won the lottery, I was ___ with envy.
A blue b) green c) red
57. She made no---------our conversation of the night before.
A. mention to B. reference with C. reference to D. comment on
58.1 don't know what all the fuss was about; it was just a/ an-------in a teacup.
A. flood B. storm C. earthquake D. blaze
59. He lost --------------of the car and crashed into a tree.
 A. track B. sight C. record D. control

60. Let's meet at the cinema. No, on second------------, I'll pick you up.
A. request B. ideas C. thoughts D. thinking
61. I le achieved success beyond his wildest----------
A. thoughts B. thinking C ambition D dreams
62. We couldn't stay long, so we only wished Michael many happy-------of his birthday and hurried to the airport.
A. days B. returns C. moments D. regards
63. I just took it________that he’d always be available.
A. into consideration B. easy C. into account D. for granted
64._I was glad when he said that his car was .
A. for my use B. for me use C. at my use D. at my disposal
65. Stop_______about the bush. John! Just tell me exactly what the problem is.
A. rushing B. hiding C. beating D. moving
66. My father_______when he found out that I’d damaged the car.
A. hit the roof B. saw pink elephants C. made my blood boil D. brought the house down
67. If you want a flat in the centre of the city you have to pay through the__________for it.
A. teeth B. back of your head C. nose D. arm
68. I caught the last bus by the skin of my_________.A. mouth B. leg C. neck D. teeth
69. It was a joke! I was pulling your___._________ A. thumb B. hair C. toe D. leg
70. I always get________in my stomach before visiting the dentist.
A. worms B. butterflies C. crabs D. hedgehogs
71.Those smart phones are selling like_____. If you want one, you’d better buy one now before they’re all gone.
A. shooting stars B. fresh bread C. hot cakes D. wild oats
72.My father refused to eat meat that had been fried. He had ________ in his bonnet about it causing cancer.
A. a bug B.a bee C. a bull D. an ant
73.I can’t stand Mr. Brian. He’s always blowing his own telling everyone how good he is at everything.
A. balloon B. breath C. mind D. trumpet
74.The escaped prisoner fought before he was finally overpowered.
A. head over heels B. tooth and nail C. heart and soul D. foot and mouth
75.Peter was born and brought up in Hastings and knows it like the .
A. nose on his face B. tip of his tongue C. back of his hand D. hair on his head
76.I was already fed up with the job, but when the boss walked into my office and told me he expected me to work
overtime that was the ____ . I quit. A.final curtain B.last straw C. end of the line D.last waltz
77. He has a quick temper and easily___off the handle. A. leaps B. goes C. runs D. flies
78. The similarities between all three crimes were such that they could not be ________ down to chance.
A. put B. laid C. set D. taken
79. She doesn't mind working overtime because she gets paid ________ .
A. by the hour B. all the hour C. at the hour D. in the hour
80. A huge crowd ............. in the pouring rain to cheer the president.
A. turned out B. held up C. saw off D. dropped in
81. We hadn’t ............... for such heavy traffic, and we were delayed.
A. expected B. bargained C. calculated D. supposed
82. The book says that the revolution was ………….off by the assassination of the state governor.
A. launched B. cropped C. triggered D. prompted.
83. She resigned …………. No one forced her to do so.
A. for her own sake B. of her own accord C. with a will D. on purpose
V Word formation
The Media Commentators
A live broadcast of any public event, such as a space flight or sporting occasion, is almost (1) ________ accompanied by
the thoughts of a commentator. This may be on television, along with the relevant pictures, or (2) ________ on radio. The
technique involved differs between the two media, with radio broadcasters needing to be more explicit and (3) ________.
Because of the (4) _______ of visual information. TV commentators do not need to paint a picture for their audience;
instead their various observations should add to the images that are already there. There will sometimes be silences and
pauses in TV (5) ________, although these are becoming increasingly rare. Both types of commentators should try to be
more informative, but should avoid sounding (6) _______. In sports ones, fairness and (7)_______ to both sides is vital,
but spontaneity and (8)________ are valued by those watching or listening. Sports commentators usually broadcast live in
an essentially unscripted way, although they may refer to previously prepared materials such as sports statistics. Because
of the (9) ________ nature of live events, thorough preparation in advance is vital. The internet has helped enormously
with this aspect of the job. Anyone interested in becoming a commentator should have excellent (10)________ skills, the
willingness to work irregular hours and a strong voice.
1. VARY 2. ALTER 3. DESCRIBE 4. ABSENT 5.COMMENT 6. OPINION
7. PART 8. ENTHUSE 9. PREDICT 10.ORGANIZE
1 He told me _______ that he’s thinking of resigning next year. (CONFIDE)
2 The seemingly _______ oil and minerals have shown signs of depletion over the years. (EXHAUST)
3 Is it _________ to tip waiters in your country? (CUSTOM)
4 Please check the --------------------- of the language lab on that day. (avail)
5 The tendency now is to------- our cell phone ringtones. (person)
6 .Such a war would be _____for the country. (catastrophe)
7 After his (expose) ………………….. to the cold for such a long time, he developed hypothermia.
8 . This professor explained his ideas with great _______________ ( CLEAR)
9 Athens is particularly affected by ____________________pollution.( ATMOSTPHERE)
10 .Students hate their classmates who get ………………..treatment from their teachers. (PREFER)
11 Don’s father wrinkled his brow in (please)…………when he heard that Don had failed the examination.
12. Our teacher told us not to include ______information in our essay. (RELEVANCE)
13. The record of 47 hours for watching TV without stopping was set last year is still ____________.( BREAK)
14 A patriarchal society places men as the _______ figures, with more power over the women and children.
(dominate)
15 The _______ of women in education and employment is a big change in our Society. (involve)
16 Gender _______ refers to unequal treatment or perceptions of individuals based on theirgender. (equal)
17 The online -------------------------( Apply) process is simple and can take a few minutes.
18. The Manufacturing Technology Show in Chicago attracted nearly 90,000---------------( attend) and 1,200
exhibitors
19.I can say in all (SINCERE) that I know nothing of this plan.
20.Good (SECRETARY) skills should enhance your chances of getting a job.
21.There have been complaints about (MANAGE) levels of work recently.
22.She always (PLACE) her keys, so her assistant used to carry spare ones for her.
23.You can relax on the beach or (ALTERNATE) visit the bustling town centre.
VII Fill the blanks wih one of the following phrasal verbs key below
A put down - come out- see off- set about- work out- stand for- step up track down turn down make up for
1. The managing director _____ the company's poor performance to high interest rates.
2. The police were able to ______ the car thieves using satellite technology.
3. This is a sensitive matter, and we have to ___dealing with it very carefully.
4. David's new album is expected to __ at the end of the year.
5. I hope this award will _____ your disappointment at not winning the first prize.
6. The company has decided to _____production of cars at its factory in Hull.
7. You might need a calculator to ______ this problem.
8. Claire decided to _____ the job, because it would have meant more travelling.
9. Our Maths teacher simply won't ____any talking in class. 10. Helen is going to the airport to ____ some friends.
A put lead hold land hit fall take talk look get
B into on down out upon up through with
1. Don’t try to __________ me _____ going to the concert. I can’t afford the time.
2. If the boss tries to __________ you _____ another report, just say you can’t do it this week.
3. The examination is next week, so I must __________ _____ to some serious work.
4. We __________ his rude manner _____ to ignorance of our customs.
5. They were sad because the plan __________ _____ at the last minute.
6. We don’t __________ _____ much hope that the price will fall.
7. I don’t know you are unhappy, but don’t __________ it _____ on me!
8. They __________ _____ the solution quite by chance.
9. Clever salespeople are good at __________ customers _____ so that they buy things that they don’t need.
10. Mary has always __________ _____ to her uncle, who is a very successful actor.
C come across – make out – sit up- – go in for – draw up – get away with – get by –look into – put out
– fall over - get through
1. Without my glasses I can hardly the words on this page.
2.They.......................................the stolen goods.
3. Why don't you-----------the Miss Teenage ?
4. lf you're finding it difficult to..........on your salary, why don't you ask fora rise?
5 I know what you're...........and feel really sorry for you.
6 You'd better..............your cigarette because smoking isn't allowed in here.
7 The manager promised tothe matter in response to my letter.
8 The red car has................in front of our house. Are we expecting anyone?
9.Don't..............me. I shall probably be back very late.
10 I ..........several old friends at the meeting.
11. Be careful The road is very icy. Don’t ............
 IV Blank fillings
The human race is not the only one species of beings in the living (1)............. Many other species exist on this planet.
However, human beings have a great influence on the (2)…....................of the world. They are changing the environment
by building cities and villages where forests (3).......................stood. They are affecting the water supply by using water
for industry and agriculture. They are changing (4)..............................conditions by cutting down trees in the forests and
are destroying the air by adding pollutants to it.
It can be said that human beings are changing the environment in all respects (5)............... their actions and their habits.
This has (6).............in two serious consequences. The first is that many species of animals are killed. The second is that
the environment (7)….............these animals are living is (8)........................ destroyed. As a result, the number of rare
animals are decreasing so rapidly that they are in danger of becoming (9).....................
In order to make sure that these rare animals do not disappear, (10).................. have been made to protect endangered
nature. Scientists have made (11) ...................of these species and suggested ways to save them. Many organizations have
been set up and funds have been (12)............................ Thousands of national parks all over the world have been
established to protect endangered animals. (13)..............................have been introduced to prohibit killing endangered
animals in the natural habitats where animals are living.
If people's interference with the environment decreases, more species will survive and (14) ......................offspring. The
earth will be a happy planet where human beings, animals and plants peacefully (15) .........................

There are fifteen capital cities in the world in a position to be wiped out (0)------------ seriously damaged by volcanic
eruptions. So why then do people continue to live in (1) _____ dangerous areas? Many of these people are poor and have
(2) no _____ , while others disregard the risk, (3)-------- is, after all, rather less than the risks (4)--------- in smoking or
driving a car. What attracts people to volcanic areas is fertile land. The soils (5)--------- volcanic ashes are light, easily
worked, drain well and are full of plant nutrients. A light fall of ash, (6)------------ it may destroy one year’s crop, often
pays the farmer (7) _____ in future years (8)-------------- the fertility it adds to the soil. Coffee in Colombia, vines in Italy
and rice in Japan are (9)----------- a few of the crops that flourish on volcanic soils.
In Italy, Japan, New Zealand, the United States and Iceland the subterranean heat from volcanoes is used in
geothermal power stations to (10)----------- electricity. In many places, the way in which the flows of lava concentrate
minerals (11) _____ them attractive to mining companies. There is growing evidence that gold is (12) _____ the minerals
collected by volcanic flows, and the diamond-mining industry in South Africa takes (13)------------ of the huge pressures
within past volcanoes which have (14)------------- diamonds.

In British English this standard accent is known as R.P. or Received Pronunciation. This coupled with the sort of English
described in grammar books is the accepted (1) _____. Its use, however, is restricted (2) _____ geographically and
socially; it is most (3) _____ used among the middle classes in the south of England. Its speakers, (4) _____, carry both a
geographical and (5) _____ label, as do the speakers of all its variants, although the more socially mobile someone is the
more complex his accent becomes, and so the more (6) _____ he is to label. Attitudes towards this vary, from the parents
(7) _____ train their children not to speak with a local (8) _____ so that “they will have a better chance in life”, to the
liberal, trendy young manager who adopts a local accent (9) _____ a form of inverted snobbery. But these stances are
extreme, but, nevertheless, the (10) _____ between language and social status is a potentially explosive subject in British
society

Have you noticed the spate of bank mergers (0) ___________ reported in the financial pages? The names change, smaller
branches close and superfluous staff lose their jobs. If you thought this was all (1)____________ the name of increased
profit margins, think again. The banks themselves are engaged in a (2)____________ for their very survival. Their
nemesis? The Internet, of course. The Internet proved, in just a (3) _________ short years, that it can transform
(4)______________ very way that commerce is conducted. Customers can pay for goods and services on-line, and settle
(5) _________ accounts on the Internet. (6)____________ direct transfer could conceivably spell the end of money as we
know (7)_____________ today. Cash, cheques and credit cards will give (8)______________ to e-currencies, some form
of “Internet only” money.
What form will these new “e-currencies” take? Perhaps some kind of credits or (9)___________virtual money. Some
Internet sites are already using a system called “beenz” whereby you can earn credits, or “beenz”, by visiting participating
sites, which can be used to purchase items on-line. Also, consumers will soon be able to download credit onto smartcards
to be used to (10)____________ purchases in the real world. (11) _________ form such e-currencies ultimate take, the
only thing we can be sure of is that counting out coins for bus tickets will soon be a (12)____________ of the past.

VI Fill the blanks with correct prepositions:

3 They were late -------the show as their taxi was held ------ ------- the heavy traffic --------the afternoon rush
4 There was hardly anything to say ----------support -----------his plan
5 ----------watching the new secretary working non-stop --------several hours, the manager decided that he was well fit------
the job. He found she was particularly good ---------attending ---------the correspondence
6 True , there were a few interesting pictures -------the exhibition, but I wasn’t impressed --------anything -------particular
7 Do read the article--------the bottom ----------the page. It may be -----------some interest --------you
8 There is no better way ------------learning than ---------experience
9 He took the book------the shelf and put it------the bag
10 When she smiled ------me. I realized, she wasn’t angry ----------me
11 He was admitted --------hospital suffering ------burns
12 Don’t let a good chance go----------- 16 --------years, she has had to struggle ----------drug addition
13 ------no one to help her, she has to do everything --------her own
14 All the students in one class need to be ---------approximately the same level of English proficient
15.Part-time workers are paid ............... the hour.
16. I’m just ............... to town to do some shopping.
17. James came_______________ quite a large sum of money when his parents were killed in the plane crash
18. I came _______ these old books while I was clearing out the attics
19. He lost his job ________________ no fault of his own
20. Everyone can benefit ............. a better road system.
22. Peter’s always boasting ............... his own mistakes.
21.Her husband was courteous ….her
22.You should comply…………………...the school rules
23.Be calm and don’t make a fuss………………....such trifles.
24. John is very good……………………....his hands
25.She knows how to get…….her father to buy her a new car.
26.the police are looking …the past record of the suspect
27.in the warm sun, the grass dries…….quickly off
28.You shouldn’t look down on the people who aren’t as well……as you are.

VIII. Correct ten mistakes in the following passage

1 In purchasing a winter coat, it is very important for trying it on with heavy clothing underneath
2 Because the Red Cross accepts blood from most donors, the nurses will not let you give blood if you have
just had a cold.
3 She finds the work she has to do quite easily; boredom is her biggest problem.
4 When the children realized that they were by themselves in the dark, they became really frightening
5 Married women are twice so likely as married men to be depressed.
6.Five miles beyond the hills was a fire with its flames reached up to the sky
7.The soonest parachutes were made of canvas, but later silk and then nylon were used
8.His highly imaginary composition won the judges' approval and the first prize in the high school assay contest.
9.The harder we tried to solve the problem, the much more confused we got
10.We will contact with you again as soon as the dates of the trip have been confirmed
11.She must be home because the door and the windows were wide open
12 In several parts of Asia, there is still a strong market for traditional medicines making from these animal parts.
13 If a species does not have the natural genetic protection against particular diseases, an introduced disease can have
severely effects on that species.
14 I believe that only very self-confident, knowledge and attentive students will prefer 100% of eye contact time.
15 It is likely that all people in Hanoi live in skyscrapers by 2050.
16 Of the more than 1,300 volcanoes in the world, only about 600 can classify as active.
17 It is important that cancer is diagnosed and treated as early as possible in order to assure a successful cure.
IX. Sentence rewriting:
1 People say that there is oil under the North Sea. / There ……………………………..
2 Absolute secrecy was crucial to the success of the mission / Without …………………….
3 The rumor about the politician and construction contract is absolutely false. /
There is ………………………
4 Attendance at the exhibition has been down this year. / The exhibition………………………………………
5.A country can’t be prosperous if it’s not quite independent./ Only .......................................................................................
6 The war with the French didn’t end as early as we had expected so not many children were sent to school.
If …………………………
7That reminds me of the time I climbed to the top of Mount Fuji. / That takes me_____________
8 .Just thinking about his face at that moment makes me laugh
The very-------------------------------------------
9.Scientists have tried very hard to find a cure for this disease.
Enormous --------------------------------------
10 .The northwest of Britain has more rain each year than the southeast. / The annual_________
11 For further information, please send a self-addressed envelope to the above address.
Further information can___________
12 .Our present financial problems will soon be a thing in the past.
We………….
13. I didn’t stop worrying about the wild animals until we were safe inside camp.
It was only when we reached______________________________________________
14 . Immediately after Emi quit her job, she booked a package tour around Europe. ( HANDED)
 SCARECELY __
15 .I was impatient to get home because the holiday was such a disaster.
 So___________________________________________________
X Rewrite the following sentence with the words given:
1 “You really must stay for dessert”, Mary’s brother said to him. (STAYING)

2 A great many people will congratulate her if she wins. SHOWERED

3 You couldn’t do anything more stupid than to give up your job now. HEIGHT

4 All the witnesses said that the accident was my fault ( BLAME)
All the witnesses said that___________________________ the accident.
5 This is a subject that Jack and I disagree about. EYE .
6 How has the strike affected student attendance? (effect)
7 Adrian was the only person who didn’t enjoy the party. WITH
Everyone enjoyed the party _____________________________________ Adrian.
8 .Our attempts to persuade Soji to continue his studies weren’t successful and he left university early. (MET)
 Our attempts to persuade Soji not to_________________________ no success and he left university early.

9 The interviewer told Belinda that he would write to her to inform her whether her application had been successful.
(KNOW)
10 My grandfather completely forgot that he had phoned me (RECOLLECTION)
 My grandfather had _____________________________________ me.

12 He owed his rescue to a passer-by. INDEBTED

13 We'd get the job finished much quicker if everyone worked as hard as everyone else. (weight)

14 My father is going to be really angry when he finds out that I've lost the car keys. (wall)

15 Just after solving one problem I was faced with another. (when)

16.If things go wrong, James, whatever you do, don't panic. (head)

17 .I happen to know the manager of the firm you've applied to for a job I can recommend you, if you like WORD
18 Winning that prize has made him very conceited. HEAD
19.It was hard not to start laughing when she started to sing FACE
20 She's not really upset; she's only pretending. ACT
XI. Reading comprehension:
Glaciers are large masses of ice on land that show evidence of past or present movement. They grow by the
gradual transformation of snow into glacier ice. A fresh snowfall is a fluffy mass of loosely packed
snowflakes, small delicate ice crystals grown in the atmosphere. As the snow ages on the ground for weeks or
months, the crystals shrink and become more compact to form firm, a much whole mass becomes
squeezed together into a more dense form, granular snow. As new snow falls and buries the older snow, the
layers of granular snow further compact to form firm, a much denser kind of snow, usually a year or more
old, which has little pore space. Further burial and slow cementation- a process by which crystals become
bound together in a mosaic of intergrown ice crystals- finally produce solid glacial ice. In this process of
recrystallization, the growth of new crystals at the expense of old ones, the percentage of air is reduced from
about 90 percent for snowflakes to less than 20 percent for glacier ice. The whole process may take as little as
a few years, but more likely ten or twenty years or longer. The snow is usually many meters deep by the time
the lower layers are converted into ice.
In cold glaciers those formed in the coldest regions of the Earth, the entire mass of ice is at temperatures
below the melting point and no free water exists. In temperate glaciers, the ice is at the melting point at
every pressure level within the glaciers, and free water is present as small drops or as larger accumulations, in
tunnels within or beneath the ice.
Formation of a glacier is complete when ice has accumulated to a thickness (and thus weight) sufficient
to make it move slowly under pressure, in much the same way that solid rock deep within the Earth can
change shape without breaking. Once that point is reached, the ice flows downhill, either as a tongue of ice
filling a valley or as thick ice cap that flows out in directions from the highest central area where the most
snow accumulates. The up down leads to the eventual melting of ice.

Question 1: Which of the following does the passage mainly discuss?

A. Damage from glaciers B. The location of glaciers
C. The effect of glaciers on climate D. Glacier formation
Question 2: Which of the following will cause density within the glacier to increase?
A. Pressure from the weight of new snow B. Increased water and air content
C Long periods of darkness and temperature variations D. Movement of the glacier
Question 3: The word "bound" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. chosen B. covered C. held D. planned
Question 4: The word "converted" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. delayed B. changed C. promoted D. dissolved
Question 5: In temperate glaciers, where is water found?
A. In a thin layer below the firm B. In pools at various depth C. Only near the surface D. In tunnels
Question 6: The word "that" in paragraph 2 refers to ________.
A. thick ice cap B. tongue of ice C. solid rock D. valley
Question 7: It can be inferred from the last paragraph that a glacier ________.
A. is too cold to be thoroughly studied B. maintains the same shape throughout the glacial process
C. can contribute water to lakes, rivers, or oceans D. can revert to a fluffy mass
Question 8: Which of the following will be lost is a glacier forms?
(A) Air (B) Pressure (C) Weight (D) Rocks
Q 9: According to the passage, which of the following is the LEAST amount of time necessary for glacial ice to form?
(A) Several months (B) Several years (C) At least fifty years (D) A century
Question 10: What is the purpose of the material in paragraph e (lines 16-19)
(A) To define two types of glaciers (B) To contrast glacier ice with non-glacier ice
(C) To present theories of glacier formation (D) To discuss the similarities between glacial types
B Dutch children enjoy freedom
"Let them be free" is the (1)----------rule for child-rearing in the Netherlands. No wonder Dutch kids have been (2)--------
Europe's most fortunate by a recent UNICEF survey. From a tender age, their opinions are (3)------, their wishes respected,
and there is no homework until their last year in preparatory school. Some would (4)-------- that the tendency of Dutch
society to encourage infants to experience whatever they please has (5)--------a whole generation into spoilt, undisciplined
brats. Others say family members are remarkably open with one another, feeling free to say anything, and that the way
parents (6)--------with their children's anxieties means that the children are well-adjusted, which is (7)-------up by the results
of the survey. Dr Gerrit Breeusma, head of development psychology at the University of Groningen says the survey's results
came as no (8)--------. "Children have al ways played a very important role in Holland but there were (9)------within families
during the Sixties, usually over matters of discipline and conformity. As a result, the generation growing up at that time
have made sure they get on better with their kids," he added. However, in several Dutch police precincts, such liberalism is
not viewed positively. In an attempt to (10)---underage heavy drinking, police have taken to bringing home teenagers and
threatening parents with obligatory attendance at courses on excessive alcohol problem or hefty fines unless they keep their
children under rule
1.A. iron B. golden C. solid D. fixed
2.A. rated B. put C. compared D. assessed
3.A. regarded B. recognized C. valued D. measured
4.A. criticize B. argue C. defend D. judge
5.A. resulted B. created C. brought D. turned
6.A. empathize B. understand C. analyse D. handle
7.A. shown B. held C. made D. backed
8.A. doubt B. difference C. surprise D consequence
9 A. conflicts B. beliefs C. decisions D. contradictions
10 A. extinguish B. supervise C. tackle D. dispose

C Read the passage and do the task that follow (20 points)
Light Pollution is a threat to Wildlife, Safety and the Starry Sky
A After hours of driving south in the pitch-black darkness of the Nevada desert, a dome of hazy gold suddenly appears on
the horizon. Soon, a road sign confirms the obvious: Las Vegas 30 miles. Looking skyward, you notice that the Big
Dipper is harder to find than it was an hour ago.
B Light pollution—the artificial light that illuminates more than its intended target area—has become a problem of
increasing concern across the country over the past 15 years. In the suburbs, where over-lit shopping mall parking lots are
the norm, only 200 of the Milky Way’s 2,500 stars are visible on a clear night. Even fewer can be seen from large cities.
In almost every town, big and small, street lights beam just as much light up and out as they do down, illuminating much
more than just the street. Almost 50 percent of the light emanating from street lamps misses its intended target, and
billboards, shopping centres, private homes and skyscrapers are similarly over-illuminated.
C America has become so bright that in a satellite image of the United States at night, the outline of the country is visible
from its lights alone. The major cities are all there, in bright clusters: New York, Boston, Miami, Houston, Los Angeles,
Seattle, Chicago, and, of course, Las Vegas. Mark Adams, superintendent of the McDonald Observatory in west Texas,
says that the very fact that city lights are visible from on high is proof of their wastefulness. “When you’re up in an
airplane, all that light you see on the ground from the city is wasted. It’s going up into the night sky. That’s why you can
see it.”
D But don’t we need all those lights to ensure our safety? The answer from light engineers, light pollution control
advocates and astronomers is an emphatic “no.” Elizabeth Alvarez of the International Dark Sky Association (IDA), a
non-profit organization in Tucson, Arizona, says that overly bright security lights can actually force neighbours to close
the shutters, which means that if any criminal activity does occur on the street, no one will see it. And the old assumption
that bright lights deter crime appears to have been a false one: A new Department of Justice report concludes that there is
no documented correlation between the level of lighting and the level of crime in an area. And contrary to popular belief,
more crimes occur in broad daylight than at night.
E For drivers, light can actually create a safety hazard. Glaring lights can temporarily blind drivers, increasing the
likelihood of an accident. To help prevent such accidents, some cities and states prohibit the use of lights that impair
night-time vision. For instance, New Hampshire law forbids the use of “any light along a highway so positioned as to
blind or dazzle the vision of travellers on the adjacent highway.”
F Badly designed lighting can pose a threat to wildlife as well as people. Newly hatched turtles in Florida move toward
beach lights instead of the more muted silver shimmer of the ocean. Migrating birds, confused by lights on skyscrapers,
broadcast towers and lighthouses, are injured, sometimes fatally, after colliding with high, lighted structures. And light
pollution harms air quality as well: Because most of the country’s power plants are still powered by fossil fuels, more
light means more air pollution.
G So what can be done? Tucson, Arizona is taking back the night. The city has one of the best lighting ordinances in the
country, and, not coincidentally, the highest concentration of observatories in the world. Kitt Peak National Optical
Astronomy Observatory has 24 telescopes aimed skyward around the city’s perimeter, and its cadre of astronomers needs
a dark sky to work with.
H For a while, that darkness was threatened. “We were totally losing the night sky,” Jim Singleton of Tucson’s Lighting
Committee told Tulsa, Oklahoma’s KOTV last March. Now, after retrofitting inefficient mercury lighting with low-
sodium lights that block light from “trespassing” into unwanted areas like bedroom windows, and by doing away with
some unnecessary lights altogether, the city is softly glowing rather than brightly beaming. The same thing is happening
in a handful of other states, including Texas, which just passed a light pollution bill last summer. “Astronomers can get
what they need at the same time that citizens get what they need: safety, security and good visibility at night,” says
McDonald Observatory’s Mark Adams, who provided testimony at the hearings for the bill.
I And in the long run, everyone benefits from reduced energy costs. Wasted energy from inefficient lighting costs us
between $1 and $2 billion a year, according to IDA. The city of San Diego, which installed new, high-efficiency street
lights after passing a light pollution law in 1985, now saves about $3 million a year in energy costs.
J Legislation isn’t the only answer to light pollution problems. Brian Greer, Central Ohio representative for the Ohio
Light Pollution Advisory Council, says that education is just as important, if not more so. “There are some special
situations where regulation is the only fix,” he says. “But the vast majority of bad lighting is simply the result of not
knowing any better.” Simple actions like replacing old bulbs and fixtures with more efficient and better-designed ones
can make a big difference in preserving the night sky.
*The Big Dipper: a group of seven bright stars visible in the Northern Hemisphere.
Questions 1-5 Choose the most suitable headings for paragraphs A-F from the list of headings below.
List of Headings
i Why lights are needed vi A problem lights do not solve
ii Lighting discourages law breakers vii Seen from above
iii The environmental dangers viii More light than is necessary
iv People at risk from bright lights ix Approaching the city
v Illuminating space
O. Paragraph A 3. Paragraph D ..........................
1. Paragraph B .......................... 4. Paragraph E ..........................
2. Paragraph C .......................... 5. Paragraph F.............................
Questions 6-10 Complete each of the following statements with words taken from the passage.
Write ONE or TWO WORDS for each answer.
6. According to a recent study, well-lit streets do not .................... or make neighbourhoods safer to live in.
7. Inefficient lighting increases .................... because most electricity is produced from coal, gas or oil.
8. Efficient lights .................... from going into areas where it is not needed.
9. In dealing with light pollution .................... is at least as important as passing new laws.
10. In the future, people will ....................... reduced energy cost.
6. ....................... 7. ....................... 8. ........................ 9. ........................ 10. ......................
Q 11-15 Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage? YES?NO? NOT GIVEN
11. One group of scientists find their observations are made more difficult by bright lights.
12. It is expensive to reduce light pollution.
13. Many countries are now making light pollution illegal.
14. Old types of light often cause more pollution than more modern ones.
15. Legislation is the only answer to light pollution problems.