KRITHIK CS 710720205023

EX.NO: 1C
DATE: Hill Cipher

AIM:

ALGORITHM:
1. Create a class named `hillCipher`.
2. Create a array named `keymat` to store the encryption key matrix.
3. Create a array named `invkeymat` to store the inverse of the encryption key matrix.
4. Create a string `key` containing the alphabet "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
used for encryption and decryption.
5. Create a static method named `encode` that takes three characters as input (a, b, c) and
returns the encrypted string for these characters:
 Convert the characters a, b, and c to their respective positions in the alphabet

(0 for 'A',for 'B', ..., 25 for 'Z').

 Convert x, y, and z back to characters using the `key` string and the modulo operation

(% 26).
 Return the encrypted string as a concatenation of the three characters.

6. Create a static method named `decode` that takes three characters as input (a, b, c) and
returns the decrypted string for these characters:
 Convert the characters a, b, and c to their respective positions in the alphabet.

 Calculate the decoded positions x, y, and z using the `invkeymat` matrix.

 Convert x, y, and z back to characters using the `key` string and the modulo operation

(%26). Handle negative results by adding 26 to the result.

7. In the `main` method:

 Initialize an empty string `enc` for the encrypted message and an empty string `dec` for

the decrypted message.

 Convert the `msg` to uppercase and remove any whitespace characters.

 Iterate through the characters of the `msg` in groups of three and encrypt each group

using the `encode` method. Append the result to the `enc` string.
 Iterate through the characters of the encrypted message (`enc`) in groups of three and

decrypt each group using the `decode` method. Append the result to the `dec` string.
 Print the original `msg`, the padded `msg`, the encrypted message `enc`, and the

decrypted message `dec`.

IT8761
KRITHIK CS 710720205023

PROGRAM:
class hill{
public static int[][] keymat = new int[][]{{ 1, 2, 1 },{ 2, 3, 2 },{ 2, 2, 1 } };
public static int[][] invkeymat = new int[][]{{ -1, 0, 1 },{ 2, -1, 0 },{ -2, 2, -1 }};
public static String key = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
private static String encode(char a, char b, char c){
String ret = "";
int x, y, z;
int posa = (int) a - 65;
int posb = (int) b - 65;
int posc = (int) c - 65;
x = posa * keymat[0][0] + posb * keymat[1][0] + posc * keymat[2][0];
y = posa * keymat[0][1] + posb * keymat[1][1] + posc * keymat[2][1];
z = posa * keymat[0][2] + posb * keymat[1][2] + posc * keymat[2][2];
a = key.charAt(x % 26);
b = key.charAt(y % 26);
c = key.charAt(z % 26);
ret = "" + a + b + c;
return ret;}
private static String decode(char a, char b, char c){
String ret = "";
int x, y, z;
int posa = (int) a - 65;
int posb = (int) b - 65;
int posc = (int) c - 65;
x = posa * invkeymat[0][0] + posb * invkeymat[1][0] + posc * invkeymat[2][0];
y = posa * invkeymat[0][1] + posb * invkeymat[1][1] + posc * invkeymat[2][1];
z = posa * invkeymat[0][2] + posb * invkeymat[1][2] + posc * invkeymat[2][2];
a = key.charAt((x % 26 < 0) ? (26 + x % 26) : (x % 26));
b = key.charAt((y % 26 < 0) ? (26 + y % 26) : (y % 26));
c = key.charAt((z % 26 < 0) ? (26 + z % 26) : (z % 26));
ret = "" + a + b + c;
return ret;}
public static void main(String[] args) throws java.lang.Exception
{
String msg;
String enc = "";
String dec = "";

IT8761
KRITHIK CS 710720205023

int n;
msg = ("coimbatore");
System.out.println("------------| 20IT023 |------------");
System.out.println("Input message : " + msg);
msg = msg.toUpperCase();
msg = msg.replaceAll("\\s", "");
n = msg.length() % 3;
if (n != 0){
for (int i = 1; i <= (3 - n); i++){
msg += 'X';}}
System.out.println("padded message : " + msg);
char[] pdchars = msg.toCharArray();
for (int i = 0; i < msg.length(); i += 3){
enc += encode(pdchars[i], pdchars[i + 1], pdchars[i + 2]);}
System.out.println("encoded message : " + enc);
char[] dechars = enc.toCharArray();
for (int i = 0; i < enc.length(); i += 3){
dec += decode(dechars[i], dechars[i + 1], dechars[i + 2]);}
System.out.println("decoded message : " + dec);}}

OUTPUT:

RESULT:

IT8761