GUIDELINES FOR PREPARING THE

PROJECT REPORT

Bachelor of Technology (B. Tech.)

DR.A.P.J ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

Session xxxx – xx
 GUIDELINES FOR PREPARING THE PROJECT REPORT

1. GENERAL:
The purpose of this manual is to provide broad guidelines to the B. Tech. candidate for the
preparation of the project report. It lists the general and specific requirements governing the project
report preparation including guidelines for the structuring the contents.

2. NUMBER OF COPIES TO BE SUBMITTED FOR EVALUTION:

Two copies of project report should be submitted to the institute (Institute library &
Departmental Library) along with soft copy of project report and PPT in Pen drive (PD).

3. Colour Code
The colour code for the thesis will be Black background with impressions embossed in
permanent golden colour. The side back of the thesis should also carry the title, and session of
final submission.

4. SIZE OF PROJECT REPORT:

The project report should not exceed 200 pages of typed matter.

5. ARRANGEMENT OF CONTENTS OF PROJECT REPORT:

The sequence in which the project report contents should be arranged and bound should be as
follows:

1. Cover Page & Title page

2. Bonafide Certificate
3. Abstract
4. Acknowledgements
5. Table of Contents
6. List of Tables
7. List of Figures
8. List of Symbols, Abbreviations and Nomenclature
9. Chapter 1, 2, ....
10. References
11. Appendices
12. List of Publications (if any)
13. Curriculum Vitae (of the candidates, single page for each candidates)
The table and figures shall be introduced at appropriate places.
6. MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION:
6.1 Page Dimensions, Margins and Quality

 The page dimensions of the final copies of the project report should be 290mm x
205mm. Standard A4 sixe (297mm x 210mm) paper may be used for preparing the
copies. It should have the following page margins:
Top edge : 30 to 35 mm
 Bottom edge : 25 to 30mm
Left side : 35 to 40mm
Right side : 20 to 25mm

 The project report should be prepared on good quality white paper preferable not
lower than 80gsm.

 Tables and figures should not conform to the margin specifications. Large size
figures should be photographically or otherwise reduce to appropriate size before
insertion.

6.2 Cover Page/ Title Page

A specimen of the cover/ title page is given in the Annexure I. It carries
I. The phrase (Times New Roman, font size 14, bold, centred within the specific
margin of the page).

A Project Report on
II. The title of the project report (Times New Roman, font size 20, bold, single line
spacing, all characters uppercase except the symbols and numerals if used in the
title of the thesis, centred within the specific margin of the page).

TITLE OF PROJECT REPORT TITLE OF

PROJECT REPORT
III. The phrase (Times New Roman, font size 14, bold, each line in the Title/
Sentence mode, single line spacing, centred within the specific margin of the
page).

A Project Report Submitted

in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements
for the Degree of
IV. The name of degree (Times New Roman, font size 20, bold, all characters
uppercase, centred within the specific margin of the page).

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
in
Field of Specialization
Where
in (Times New Roman, font size 14, bold, both characters lowercase, centred
within the specific margin of the page).
Field of Specialization (Times New Roman, font size 16, bold, in Title
mode, centred within the specific margin of the page).
 V. by (Times New Roman, font size 14, bold, both character lower case, centred
within the specific margin of the page).

VI. NAME OF STUDENT (Times New Roman, font size 16, bold, full name as
enrolled, all characters in Title mode case , centered within the specified margin
of the page).
Name of Student

VII. (University Number) (Times New Roman, font size 12, bold, all numerals
within a pair of small parenthesis, underneath the name of candidate and
centered within the specified margin of the page).
(Univ. no. xxxxxxxxx)

VIII. phrase of guidance (Times New Roman, font size 12, bold, line in the Title
mode, centered within the specified margin of the page).
Under the Guidance of

IX. NAME(S) OF GUIDE (Times New Roman, font size 14, full name in title
mode prefixed by Prof. or Dr. centered within the specified margin of the page,
separated symmetrically in case of two supervisors, use the next line in case of
three supervisors).
Prof. Abc Lmn Xyz

X. College logo (size = 25-30 mm dia)

XI. Name of the Colloge (Times New Roman, font size 16/14, bold, full name, all
characters upper case/Title mode, centered within the specified margin of the
page).
Dr. A.P.J ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
LUCKNOW

Session (Times New Roman, font size 14, bold, all centered within the specified
margin of the page).
2017 – 18
6.3 Bonafide Certificate of Supervision
The Bonafide Certificate shall be in double line spacing using Times New Roman
font size 12, as per the format shown in Annexure II. The heading CERTIFICATE
Times New Roman font size 14 bold in the center should start about 60mm -70mm from
the top of the page. The certificate shall carry the Guide’s signature in original and shall be
followed by the Guide’s name, academic designation (not any other responsibilities of
administrative nature). In case of two guides, the details about the signature, names, etc.
mentioned above shall be centered symmetrically within the specified margin of the page.
In case of three guides, the details of the third supervisor will appear in the centre
underneath the first two.

6.4 Acknowledgements (optional)

Acknowledgements shall be brief and should not exceed one page when typed in
single spacing Times New Roman with font size 12 within the specified margin of the
page. It should begin with title ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Times New Roman with
font size 14 bold as heading placed in centre The signature of the candidate shall be made
at the bottom right end above his./her name typed in title case.

6.5 Table of Contents

The table of contents should list all the contents following this section. The
preceding section like the Title Page, Certificate and Acknowledgements will not find a
place amongst the items listed in the Table of Contents, but the page numbers in lower case
Roman letters shall be accounted for them. The title TABLE OF CONTENTS in
Times New Roman with size 14 bold as heading be placed in centre. One and a half
spacing should be adopted for typing the contents in a manner shown in specimen copy of
the Table Contents as given in Annexure III.

6.6 List of Tables

The list of tables should use exactly the same numbers and captions as they appear
above the tables in the text. See sections 6.12 and 8.3 for the style of titling, numbering and
placing of tables. Single spacing in Time New Roman with size 12 should be used.

6.7 List of Figures

The list of figures should use exactly the same numbers and captions as they appear
below the figures in the text. See section 6.12 and 8.3 for the style of titling, numbering
and placing of figures. Single spacing in Time New Roman with size 12 should be used.

6.8 List of Symbols, Abbreviations and Nomenclature

Single spacing in Time New Roman with size 12 should be used typing the matter under this
head. As far as possible, standard and popularly used symbols, abbreviations etc. should be
adopted.

6.9. Chapters
Chapters of a project report may be broadly divided into 3 parts (i) introduction,
literature survey and identification of problem and issues (ii) statement, formulation and
presentation of the problem, solution approach (iii) findings, results, discussion,
implementation and conclusions, and directions for future research.

• Each part may be suitably divided into several chapters, and a chapter may be further
divided into several sections and sub-sections, sub-sub-sections.

• Each chapter should be given an appropriate title.

• Tables and figures in a chapter should be typed in title mode in single space in Time New
Roman with font size 12. The titles of tables should be placed directly above the table whereas
the titles of figures should be placed directly underneath the figure in the very same page
which refers to the contents they annotate.

• Footnotes should be used sparingly. They should be typed single space and placed directly
underneath in the very same page which refers to the material they annotate.

6.10 Tables and figures:

By the word Table is meant the representation of tabulated numerical as well as
non-numerical data in the body of the project report and also in the appendices. All other
non-verbal material used in the body of the project report and appendices such as charts,
graphs, maps, photographs and diagrams may be designated as figures. A proper
representation of a table or a figure and its placement immensely adds to the ability to
comprehend the work. Here are few suggestive guide lines in this regard which, of course,
in no way substitute the ingenuity and creativity of an author.

 A table or figure including its caption should be accommodated within the prescribed
margin limits and should appear on the page where its reference is made or on the page
following the page in case it is not possible to place it on the same page.

 Table and figures on half or less in length should necessarily appear on the same page
along with the text. However, they should be separated from the text both above and below
by double spacing.

 All tables and figures should be prepared on the same paper or material used for the
preparation of the rest of the project report.

 Captions of table/figures may use characters, numerals or symbols in the title mode.

 Two or more small tables or figures may be grouped if necessary on a single page.

 Wherever possible, the entire colour photographs(s) may be reproduced on a full sheet
of photographic paper. More than one photograph can be included on a page.

 Samples of fabric, leather, etc., if absolutely necessary may be attached evenly in a

page and fixed/ pasted suitably and should be treated as figures.
6.11 Listing of References in the REFERENCE section
The listing of references should be typed in alphabetical order of the first author’s
name in single spacing starting 4 spaces below the heading REFERENCES in Times
New Roman with font size 14 bold. The name/s of the authors/authors should be
immediately followed by the year and other details. The references should be serially
numbered, separated by single space. The papers (in journal or proceedings) should be in
sentence mode followed by the name of journal (in italics), vol. issue, page (from-to) while
the book titles should be in title mode in italics followed by the place and publishers. E-
resources should have their proper URL. A typical illustrative list given relates to the
citation examples quoted above. For typing the references, Times New Roman with font
size 11 is recommended.

Jha, J.K. and Shanker, K., 2009. A single-vendor single-buyer production-inventory model with
controllable lead time and service level constraint for decaying items. International Journal of
Production Research, Vol. 47, Issue 24, pp. 6875–6898.

Chopra, S. and Meindl, P., 2003. Supply Chain Management: Strategy, Planning, and Operation.
New Jersey, Prentice Hall.

Kumar Neeraj and Shanker Kripa, 2000a, A theory of balancing mechanism for comparing the
effectiveness of imbalance measures in FMS loading, Proceedings of the Special International
Conference on Production Research (ICPR) 2000, Bangkok, August 2-4, 2000, pp 133-139.

Snyder, L.V., 2004. Lehigh University. [Online] (1.3) Available at:

http://www.lehigh.edu/~lvs2/download/vrpsolver.html [accessed 17 December 2008].

6.12 Appendices
Appendices in a project report are provided to give supplementary information,
which if included in the main text may serve as a distraction and could tend to dilute the
central theme under discussion.

 Each appendix must find its reference in the main body of the project report.

 Appendices shall carry the title of the contents reported and the same title shall be
made in the contents page also.

 Appendices should be numbered using Roman numerals in upper case, e.g. Appendix I,
Appendix II, etc.

 Figures, tables, equations and references appearing in appendices should be numbered

locally to an appendix e.g. II.1, II.2, III.5 etc and should be referred to at appropriate places
just as in the case of chapters.

6.12 Curriculum Vitae

A vitae mentioning the salient achievements and potentialities of the candidate shall be
made at the end of the thesis starting 4 spaces below the heading Curriculum Vitae (in
Times New Roman with font size 14 bold).and shall be made in three paragraphs in single
spacing using Times New Roman using 12 size, and shall be restricted to a single page.
7. TYPING INSTRUCTIONS

7.1 General

 A sub-heading at the bottom of a page must have at least two full lines below it or else
it should be carried over to the next page.
 The last word of any page should not be split using a hyphen.
 Single spacing should be used for typing the general text. The general text shall be
typed in font Style Times New Roman and Font Size 12.
 All quotations exceeding one line should be typed in an indented space - the
indentation being 15mm from either margin.

7.2 Chapters, Sections, Sub-sections, and Paragraphs

The format for typing Chapter headings, Section headings and sub-section headings
are explained through the following illustrative examples.
Chapter headings : CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Section : 1.1 OUTLINE OF THESIS
Sub-section heading : 1.1.2 Literature Review.

The word CHAPTER (no.) without punctuation should be centered 50mm down
from the top of the page. Two spaces below, the title of the chapter should be typed
centrally in upper case (capital letters) TITLE OF THE CHAPTER. The text should
commence 4 spaces below this title, the first letter of the text starting 20mm, inside from
the left hand margin.

The section or sub-section headings preceded by their numberings should be left-

justified. The typed material directly below section or sub-section headings should
commence 2 spaces below it and should be offset 20mm from the left hand margin. The
text can be divided over paragraphs within a section or sub-section. Each paragraph should
commerce 2 spaces below the last line of the preceding paragraph, the first letter in the
paragraph being indented from the left hand margin by 20mm.

8. NUMBERING INSTRUCTIONS

8.1 Page Numbering

The preliminary pages of the project report (such as Title page, Acknowledgement,
Table of Contents etc.) should be numbered in lower case Roman numerals e.g. (i), (ii),
(iii), …. . The Title page, however, will be treated numbered as (i) but this will not be
typed. The page immediately following the title page shall be numbered (ii) and it should
appear at the bottom center of the page, and so on. Pages of the main text, starting with
Chapter 1 should be consecutively numbered using Arabic numerals e.g. 1, 2, … . All page
numbers (whether Roman or Arabic) should be typed without punctuation in the center of
the page 20mm above from the bottom.
8.2 Numbering of Chapters, Sections and Sub-sections
The numbering of Chapters, sections and sub-sections should be done using Arabic
numerals only and further decimal notation should be used for numbering the sections and
sub-sections within a chapter. For examples sub-sectio 4 under section 3 of chapter 2
should be numbered as 2.3.4. The heading for a section or a sub-section should
immediately follow in the same line after the number with a single space in between.
Appendices and their sections and sub-sections should be numbered in an identical manner
using upper case Roman e.g. I, II, starting with Appendix I.

8.3 Numbering of Tables and Figures

Tables and figures appearing anywhere in the thesis should, bear appropriate
numbers. The rule for assigning such numbers is illustrated through an example. If a figure
in Chapter 3, happens to be the fourth then Fig. 3.4 is assigned to that figure. Identical
rules apply for tables except that the word figure is replaced by the word Table. If figures
(or tables) appear in appendices, for example the third figure in Appendix II will be
designated as Fig. II.3. If a table is to be continued into the next page, then a line should be
drawn underneath an unfinished table and the phrase continued on page no… placed on the
right side and underlined should be typed just below the line. The top line of the table
continued on the next page should, for example read Table 2.1 (continued) placed centrally
and underlined.

While referring to a figure or table in the body of the thesis it should be referred to
as Fig. 3.4, Table 2.1, Table II.6, and so on.

8.4 Numbering of Equations

Equations appearing in each Chapter or Appendix should be numbered serially, the
numbering commencing a fresh for each Chapter or Appendix. For example, the eighth
equation in Chapter 2, should be numbered as (2.8) thus:

(2.8)

While referring to this equation in the body of the thesis it should be referred to as Eqn.
(2.8).