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Aim: 1. Create:: Implement Data Definition Language Commands - Create, Alter, Drop, Truncate, and Rename

The document discusses 5 Data Definition Language commands - CREATE, ALTER, DROP, TRUNCATE, and RENAME. It provides the purpose, syntax, and examples of executing each command to create, modify, delete, empty, and rename tables in an Oracle database. CREATE is used to build new tables, ALTER modifies existing table structures, DROP removes tables, TRUNCATE empties table contents, and RENAME renames tables. Examples demonstrate each command's syntax and output.

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27 views4 pages

Aim: 1. Create:: Implement Data Definition Language Commands - Create, Alter, Drop, Truncate, and Rename

The document discusses 5 Data Definition Language commands - CREATE, ALTER, DROP, TRUNCATE, and RENAME. It provides the purpose, syntax, and examples of executing each command to create, modify, delete, empty, and rename tables in an Oracle database. CREATE is used to build new tables, ALTER modifies existing table structures, DROP removes tables, TRUNCATE empties table contents, and RENAME renames tables. Examples demonstrate each command's syntax and output.

Uploaded by

Manendra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AIM:

Implement Data Definition Language commands -Create, Alter, Drop, Truncate, and Rename.
1. CREATE :
Purpose:
To create a table in the database.
Syntax:
• Create table <table name> (column definition);
Using primary key:
• Create table <table name>
(column 1 datatype NULL/ not NULL,column 2 datatype NULL/not NULL-----------, Constraint
constraint_name primary key column 1,column2,- -(column –n));
EXAMPLE QUERIES:
a. Create a table called employee with following attributes.
i. Employee no
ii. Employee name
iii. Department number
SQL>create table employee(eno number(3),ename varchar2(20),dno number(3));

OUTPUT:
Table created.

b. Create a table called supplier with following attributes.


i. Supplier_id
ii. Supplier_name
iii. Contact_number
iv. Set supplier_id as a primary key
SQL>Create table supplier(supplier_id numeric(10),not NULL,supplier_name varchar2(50)not NULL,
contact_no number(10), constraint supplier_PK PRIMARY KEY(supplier_id));
OUTPUT:
Table created.

2. DESC:
Purpose:
To display the table structure.
Syntax:
• Desc<table name>
EXAMPLE QUERIES:
Command to give the structure of the employee table.
SQL> desc employee.
OUTPUT:
NAME NULL? TYPE
------------ ------- -----------
ENO NUMBER(3)
ENAME VARCHAR2(20)
DNO NUMBER(3)

3.ALTER:
Purpose:
To alter the structure of the table in the database.
Syntax:

• Alter table <tablename>modify(column definitions);


EXAMPLE QUERIES:
Command to modify a field called employee name in employee table.
SQL>alter table employee modify(ename varchar2(30));
OUTPUT:
Table altered.

SQL>desc employee.

OUTPUT:
NAME NULL? Type
----------- --------------------------
ENO NUMBER(3)
ENAME VARCHAR2(30)
DNO NUMBER(3)
EXAMPLE QUERIES:
Command to modify the data type of the field ENO.
SQL>alter table employee modify(eno number(5));
OUTPUT:
Table created.
SQL>desc employee;
NAME NULL? TYPE
----------- --------------------------
ENO NUMBER(5)
ENAME VARCHAR2(30)
DNO NUMBER(3)
SAL NUMBER(12,2)

• Alter table<table name> add(column definitions);


EXAMPLE QUERIES:
Command to add a field called salary in employee table.
SQL>alter table employee add(sal number(12,2));
OUTPUT:
Table created .
SQL>desc employee;

NAME NULL? TYPE


----------- --------------------------
ENO NUMBER(3)
ENAME VARCHAR2(30)
DNO NUMBER(3)
SAL NUMBER(12,2)
DNAME VARCHAR2(20)

• Alter table <table name> rename column<old column name>to<new column name>
EXAMPLE QUERIES:
Command to rename the column name
SQL>alter table employee rename column ename to empname.
OUTPUT:
Table altered.
SQL>desc employee;
NAME NULL? TYPE
----------- --------------------------
ENO NUMBER(5)
EMPNAME VARCHAR2(30)
DNO NUMBER(3)
SAL NUMBER(12,2)

• Alter table <table name>add constraint name>primary key(column 1, column2.....,column n-1);


EXAMPLE QUERIES:
SQL>alter table employee add constraint pk primary key (eno);
OUTPUT:
Table altered.
SQL>desc employee;
NAME NULL? TYPE
----------- --------------------------
ENO NOT NULL NUMBER(5)
EMPNAME VARCHAR2(30)
DNO NUMBER(3)
SAL NUMBER(12,2)

• Alter table<table name>drop column<column name>;


EXAMPLE QUERIES:
SQL>alter table employee drop column dno;
OUTPUT:
table altered.
SQL>desc employee;
NAME NULL? TYPE
----------- --------------------------
ENO NOT NULL NUMBER(5)
EMPNAME VARCHAR2(30)
SAL NUMBER(12,2)

• Alter table <table name>drop constraint<constraint name>;


EXAMPLE QUERIES:
SQL> alter table employee drop constraint pk;
OUTPUT:
Table altered.
SQL>desc employee;
NAME NULL? TYPE
----------- --------------------------
ENO NUMBER(5)
EMPNAME VARCHAR2(30)
SAL NUMBER(12,2)

• Alter table <table name> rename to<table name>;


EXAMPLE QUERIES:
Command to rename the table name
SQL> alter table employee rename to emp;
OUTPUT:
Table altered.
SQL> desc employee
OUTPUT:
ERROR:
ORA-04043: object sample does not exist
SQL> desc emp
OUTPUT:
NAME NULL? TYPE
----------- --------------------------
ENO NUMBER(5)
EMPNAME VARCHAR2(30)
DNO NUMBER(3)
SAL NUMBER(12,2)

4. DROP:
Purpose:
To remove the table from the database.
Syntax:
• Drop table<table name>
EXAMPLE QUERIES:
Command to drop the employee table
SQL>drop table employee.
OUTPUT:
Table droped.
SQL> desc employee
ERROR:
ORA-04043: object employee does not exist

5.TRUNCATE:
Purpose:
To remove the entire content of the table from the database.
Syntax:
• Truncate table<table name>
EXAMPLE QUERIES:
SQL>truncate table employee
OUTPUT:
Table truncated.
SQL>select *from employee;
no rows selected.

Result:
Thus, the DDL commands are executed.

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