Introduction: Linear Programming

Dr. Jignesh Thaker

 Essentials of Linear Programming
For a given problem situation, there are certain essential conditions
that need to be solved by using linear programming

1. Limited Resources: Limited number of labour, material

equipment, finance, etc.
2. Objective: Refers to the aim to optimize (maximize the
profits or minimize the costs).
3. Linearity: Increase in labour input will have a
proportionate increase in output.
4. Homogeneity: Products, workers' efficiency, machines are
assumed to be identical.
5. Divisibility: It is assumed that resources and products
can be divided into fractions (in case the
fractions are not possible, like production of
one-third of a computer, a modification of
linear programming called integer
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programming).
Different Equations & their Curves

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Formulation of Linear Programming

Example 1: Product Mix Problem

Resource R1 Resource R2
Product A 1 3 Rs. 6
Product B 1 2 Rs. 5
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5 Thaker
12
 Formulation of Linear Programming
Resource R1 Resource R2
Product A 1 3 Rs. 6
Solution Product B 1 2 Rs. 5
5 12

Dr. Jignesh Thaker

 Formulation of Linear Programming
Resource R1 Resource R2
Product A 1 3 Rs. 6
Solution Product B 1 2 Rs. 5
5 12

Dr. Jignesh Thaker

 Formulation of Linear Programming
Resource R1 Resource R2
Product A 1 3 Rs. 6
Solution Product B 1 2 Rs. 5
5 12

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 Requirements and Basic Assumptions of LP
Requirements of LP

Basic Assumptions of LP

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 Formulation of Linear Programming
Example 2: Production Planning Problem

Time Holding
Demand Cost/month
Capacity/month Cost/month
1000
Product 800 RT: 800 RT: Rs. 20/unit Rs. 3/unit
1200 OT: 200 OT: Rs. 25/unit
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900 Jignesh Thaker
 Formulation of Linear Programming
Solution: Approach 1

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 Formulation of Linear Programming
Solution: Approach 2

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 Formulation of Linear Programming
Solution: Approach 2

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 Formulation of Linear Programming
Solution: Approach 3

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 Formulation of Linear Programming
Solution: Approach 3

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Formulation of Linear Programming
Example 3: Cutting Stock Problem

Sheet Size Numbers

9 inch 511
Product 8 inch 301

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7 inch 263
6 inch 383
 Formulation of Linear Programming
Solution:

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 Formulation of Linear Programming
Solution:

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Linear Programming Solutions using Graphical Method
Problem Statement

Solution:

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Linear Programming Solutions using Graphical Method
Summary:

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Linear Programming Solutions using Algebraic Method
Problem Statement

Solution:

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Linear Programming Solutions using Algebraic Method
Solution:

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Linear Programming Solutions using Algebraic Method
Summary:

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Linear Programming Solutions using Algebraic Method
Limitations or Improvement required in Algebraic Method

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Problem Statement

Solution: Algebraic Approach

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Solution: Algebraic Approach

Dr. Jignesh Thaker

Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Solution: Algebraic Approach

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Solution: Tubular Approach

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Problem Statement

Solution: Tubular Approach

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Solution: Tubular Approach

Dr. Jignesh Thaker

Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Problem Statement

Solution: Tubular Approach

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Solution: Tubular Approach

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Solution: Tubular Approach- Big M Method

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Solution: Tubular Approach- Big M Method

Dr. Jignesh Thaker

Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Problem Statement

Solution: Tubular Approach

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Solution: Tubular Approach- Two Phase Method (Phase-1)

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Solution: Tubular Approach- Two Phase Method (Phase-1)

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Solution: Tubular Approach- Two Phase Method (Phase-2)

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Initialization

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Initialization

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Problem Statement

2 3 0
5 2 −1

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Problem Statement

2 3 1 0 0
5 2 0 1 −1

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Iteration

Problem Statement

2 3 1 0
3 2 0 1
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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Solution: Tubular Approach

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Iteration

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Solution: Tubular Approach

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Termination

Problem Statement

8 6 1 0
3 4 0 1
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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Solution: Tubular Approach

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Termination

Problem Statement

1 −6 1 0
3 0 0 1
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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Solution: Tubular Approach

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Termination

Problem Statement

1 4 1 0
3 1 0 −1
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−
Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Solution: Tubular Approach (Big M Method)

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Special Cases

Problem Statement

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Solution: Tubular Approach- Special Case

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Special Cases

Problem Statement

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Solution: Tubular Approach- Special Case

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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Special Cases Problem Statement

−
−

3 2 −2 1 0
4 1 −1 0 1
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Linear Programming Solutions using Simplex Method
Solution: Tubular Approach- Special Case

Dr. Jignesh Thaker