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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
45 views12 pagesVector Algebra Notes
Uploaded by
STRANGE YTCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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/ 12
Vector Algebra . oe F
2 ae
VECTOR
Quantity, Ahat bas both rragoitode and direction:
.—z——
AB TG A vector chose magnitude ts a TF the line charted from Ay &
@irectionfrom Ato B) then it }s called directed line
2) ber a-pond © be the angles
Gd Rebull gn phan nando aad
orig respectively These angles
are caied directed angles
& The cosine values oF angles OTe
direction cosine OF OP:
COSX=X=L cos P=Y-m cos Y= 2-H
‘i r cs
& DirecKon cosine of 6p is denoted
by Lirain:
BM = — 32
eee as Aa + ue + 2
where. oP 5 Vays Ste
Fa-Sr yomr 2m i€ the direction cosines & X1y +2 —diredion ralic
TYPES OF ECTOR
|. Noll Vector (Zero vector) G1 =o
2\Unit vector | \ =1 clenoted by ~ ie 4
3 C@initiol vector § vectore having sarne imi Hal poinh
Ww fermindl »
4 Grermina\ vector
5 Equal vector vectoro hove \) same sense Cmag nitude)
iy) same support / (12 sopporh
Ww) forme Avvec\ion
G|colinear or Parallel vactors game or parallel) 8upporh
independendont OF magnitude. and directions 4 =r ss
Im the arlqin to the. iA ee teones
TRIANGLE LAW OF VECTOR
Let ABC bea A!E- Tu0 sides oF the ple } ,
nN
order then the third side should be taken in oat Bane
order- , reverse,
eS
Ae wee = Ac
pa
Bo +k = 8h
ec
—> -> >
We + BACK =O" because starting and ending paints
ADDITION OF VECTORS
vectors & and B, then the, resultant vector by
i pepe ewe law of oddition is o+b-
Properties :
COMMUTATIVE Sar + =P +0"
> ASSOCIATIVE ar +b) we oar (ec)
Beipepany > er4S.7
evERSE > ih oe) oe
additive inverse
, POE les
Jey TAB be the standard unit vectors chose Mag
and clirection Along Arye ae respecHvely-
\
or rectangular egrogorents
alar cormmponents OF OP ANG oh yy ZR
onere yy, X1Z are 3c ce
aye vector comyponens oF OF
RS IN LINEAR COMBINATION FORM
and = by x bap +b3e i |
Appition oF THO V
Let a = an +Gaj +03)
Shan-o+b = (arse yi (A2+bb2) 4 + (aarbayR ae
>
xa = Nant Naa) + dask |
EcwiEr
Let Band 6 be any two vector» and £ be any 2 scalars the
yar+ La = (RAL) 0 i =
AB R= vars RE
(KF = a” (RR)
B® =csli+ospy +cos YR
2 ess
eB ne er r ool
alae slags hose: positon vectors are >
tec whose positon vector te <” ashi a
segment A |
agrnent AB In the ratio me | inte “
dl nally, cv
line
r r i
e t ne ec oc b +h
hi \\ on vector o 5 as
oa roan:
\ oO y Ty MY ce =n)
QX Ter
\ oa yl % we - ng
mn + plw two vectors 16
ck as scalar product: Sa
o* Fie! a and B are clinear Jue!
gnen Oe =\8 Ye eos 0
feral
e@=90 «Ve Gand Pore 1”
(EE =o)
3{e=0
erennar (0) = —
A the stondord ont vectors 3 Meee axe oureally 1s" ae
ater . 6 2
: a,
Vein
Q-o
Ere a7 a7 ore RS ne!_vectors
shen \o7:- Oo Peal]
Ree! ig PGak -'
PROPERTIES
«| coramotat ve Proper
iaiaand o> gyteo
>| peWibobve Proper*y
a (bre ig BSS)
@r)
@aBye = gore)
W
ectors non O° Bb
Let B ora B be any jus vectors , then
Ne B= (EE) TE
ECTION OF AINE LOR- on kh Line L-
ela
cay)
PROS!
é} F ds t-day} 7 ids
OH= FB ushere o's pojation oF SOI i
“VGelvorieqrned. 16a “96 ee eel er een
a 5 ng Rae + ib
wd projection oF Bono = ba ra *
ALGEBRIC IDENTITES
\osB l= HEI 2B) ee
(ele tells 2Gibe
(48): G@-E) = 161-1
Jats Bat l* = 1a VEPs tel +3E° BR) +2 2) +3(@ =)
SCHATZ
CAUCHY — SeeRRTE INEQUALIT?
Let Band S be any 2 vectors
eel eit
Casals) as
Gither A =o or b=0
@.B=-0, lal=o
eel tele
yeeh=
Case (ii)
1a" +o . IBF
tos = Ob”
\orlr
Icove| = |ar-wl
Yori 6") TRIANGLE INEQUALITY
Let a” ard B be any 2 vec Fars
jar+b | s\a\+lb
LHS
itl? = eyeballs 208
sg latlea iBT alatibl (Caren y's Aheay
ja+Bl® < (lait \bl)~
{ set < (tala tel)
Hence Proved
Pot Product ‘in UAE Forin of =linear components of
let a =an+o 2 a
c ahr + Aad X
b= bi + bag + bak
ae = (Ol: bi) W+ (az: ba\y + (a2:
payk vs
© SO ST A ithe unit vedor 14h to a
Fovavion Fron A to Be thyen, moral (A) — ‘se died al }
BIO A (clocise) —f =-veo direc.
Froper hes
e) Commnviahve —vector prodod—s not con muta to,
XB =\a\\b\ sine 4
bt B Xe =Ib\Val cine -8
gow xB + oxo
@xB = -b xt
|
213 ord B are 2vectors amd MIs Scalar then maxes
=m@ xe)
| BeesIee Xk tb)
| mex = a xme
ale and & are 2 veclors und anda be 2 scalars, then
rae xnd =n xe ) =n(mexb)
4 distriburive
wx (Bae) xb) + (xe)
emia) = (BS Ao) + (Exe)
BxB)-f = ExT - Sxe
6| IF 2 vectors aye Wel ov collinear: than thei
oss p cK becomes O° Fe ee ee f
CUTTiaNOTTMANSS ERE) Teed dO) Geog ie
/ oh CLIO ae
t
Umit normal vector =R=4n(exe) ; , $4
| (adeno) ©
Vox | i a
RESULT
Ar or LIU cath odjacent sides Sand E = \jexe| i
SEs 4 \ere |
a.| Ar oF A'S athose cidjacent Sides is
vito DARE is
>| Sniviol point =A
(ASX Re)
>| Tmifiol point =B
Mi (ise car.
+(e xet)
—> | Tnitiol pan =
L(K a)
4 Ay oF TIS asnose diagonals Di and PZ 16 VDI x02) =
Av OF quadrilateral ABCD V4 xp)
a
“LAGRANGIE’S IDENTITY
Let BG and BF be any two vectors hen
\extl ae By = Va ey
Proor Be A E
ores raln O56 =\c lle) eDMD {
ye xBl -1e 6) sine
ye xBlh= er ibl sive | Tea Vb neo
Migs (a B)*
-\e\'\ol-a
axel > |e aie
eae bb
LINEAR CoHPONENT FoRH
let & be attaajvdak ond & be bi4b2)+baR
HX = (airazi+ as) (bii+ bai + bot)
=a boktorbe + arbar + 02ba1+ asbry * Osh
1
= aib2k-O2b! R - arb} + aab\y =dabs1 +d2bai
= R (ai bo— gobs) +4 (aabi -aib3)+1 (abs S aaba)
a (aabe-asba) ~j (aiba- asb) +R (ar'b2 -aaby)
i og
a1 a2 a3
by) ba be ENA 2 (Cc)
SCALAR TRIPLE PRODUCT
fet & 6c be any 8 vectors, then scalar ‘product: OF aa
a: (6 xc) te the scular tiple product denoted by lee
ries
1 & BS be the couninar vectors Athen the vol: oF the pavalicle,
fveje pe l= & (ex))
9. IF we take vecto's abc wa ie ordsr then arP-remil
ja Bel= eter [Bo Z|=[ear] 1
3 TF we take vectors in non -cxyclic order Hen ste changed
ie [x Bel--|poc] :
. 4/3F any 2 yeciors dre equal vectors, then stp =O a
fe az=b [eb ej-[e oc] ao)
any 2 vectors are Nel /collincar, then STP=0 1
Speer peve)-pe ve|-\Erels
Ba] => eum
é Any Bealar A mollplich bya vector F [re
Filet Lirm are 2 Scolar nui H plieck toy vectors & and B etl
[La mb SJ =4m[a bz] |
The - and X CAN be toterchanged withoot Snandiag he
lovdey of yectors ie A (BXa-) =O BYS is
(Bxt)°2 =B(exXe) i
as Wie, Ce be 4 vechrs [a+b ) & a]-|ee
Pihicacse ond suFRdenk conditions oF 3 nen-zero,non-@
| iy 4018 ae
_jvecters Lar BZ] tobe coplonar then tae Z| =0 consider Lar BE J=0
=(OXE : irk ett rahe
ACOx B® ) yee eA
~
