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Motion Study

Motion study is the systematic analysis of human motions to perform tasks more efficiently. Key contributors include Frederick Taylor who emphasized time and motion studies, and Frank and Lillian Gilbreth who introduced the concept of therbligs (basic motions) and pioneered film-based motion analysis. The goal is to eliminate unnecessary motions through techniques like micromotion study using slow motion pictures, analysis of therbligs, and charts to optimize processes.

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Michael Espinosa Esgana
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63 views22 pages

Motion Study

Motion study is the systematic analysis of human motions to perform tasks more efficiently. Key contributors include Frederick Taylor who emphasized time and motion studies, and Frank and Lillian Gilbreth who introduced the concept of therbligs (basic motions) and pioneered film-based motion analysis. The goal is to eliminate unnecessary motions through techniques like micromotion study using slow motion pictures, analysis of therbligs, and charts to optimize processes.

Uploaded by

Michael Espinosa Esgana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Work Design and Measurements:

MOTION STUDY
Prepared by: George Michael E. Esgana, IE
Motion Study
• Motion study is the systematic study of the human
motions used to perform an operation.
• The purpose is to eliminate unnecessary motions
and to identify the best sequence of motions for
maximum efficiency.
Key Contributors of Motion Study
• Scientific Management Era
• Frank and Lillian Gilbreth
• Gilbreth Family's Continued Influence
• Industrial Engineering Advancements
Key Contributors of Motion Study
• Scientific Management Era
• Frederick W. Taylor focused on improving labor efficiency
through systematic time and motion studies.
• His work laid the foundation for motion study and its
application in industrial settings.
Key Contributors of Motion Study
• Frank and Lillian Gilbreth
• They introduced the concept of "Therbligs," basic elemental
motions involved in performing tasks, and emphasized the
elimination of wasteful motions to increase productivity.
• Their work pioneered the use of film-based motion analysis
techniques.
Key Contributors of Motion Study
• Gilbreth Family's Continued Influence
• The children of Frank and Lillian Gilbreth, Frank B. Gilbreth Jr.,
and Ernestine Gilbreth Carey, carried on their parents' legacy.
• They continued to contribute to the field of motion study
through their writings and practical applications, sharing
insights into motion study principles and their impact on work
processes.
Key Contributors of Motion Study
• Industrial Engineering Advancements
• With the growth of the industrial engineering discipline,
motion study became an integral part of process improvement
initiatives.
• Industrial engineers focused on optimizing work methods,
reducing fatigue, and enhancing productivity through the
application of motion study techniques.
Importance of Motion Study

1 2 3 4 5
Increased Ergonomic Standardization Cost Reduction Continuous
Efficiency Design and Improvement
Consistency
Commonly Used Techniques for Motion Study

MOTION STUDY ANALYSIS OF MICROMOTION CHARTS


PRINCIPLES THERBLIGS STUDY
Guidelines for Designing Motion-Efficient
Work Procedures

1 2 3 4 5
Eliminate Combine Reduce Improve the Improve the
unnecessary activities. fatigue. arrangement design of tools
motions. of the and
workplace. equipment.
1. Motion Study Principles

Principles for
Principles for
Principles for the design of
arrangement of
use of the body tools and
the workplace
equipment
1. Both hands should begin and end their
basic divisions of accomplishment
simultaneously and should not be idle at
the same instant, except during rest
Principles periods.
for Use of 2. The motions made by the hands should
be made symmetrically.
the Body 3. Continuous curved motions are
preferable to straight-line motions
involving sudden and sharp changes in
direction.
1. Fixed locations for all tools and material
should be located to permit the best
Principles for sequence and to eliminate or reduce the
Arrangement therbligs’ search and select.
of the 2. Gravity bins and drop delivery should
reduce reach and move times; wherever
Workplace possible, ejectors should remove
finished parts automatically.
1. All levers, handles, wheels, and other
Principles control devices should be readily
for the accessible to the operator and designed
to give the best possible mechanical
Design of advantage and to utilize the strongest
Tools and available muscle group.
2. Parts should be held in position by
Equipment fixtures.
2. Therbligs

Therbligs are basic elemental motions that make up a job.

The term therblig is Gilbreth spelled backward (except for the


th).

The approach is to break jobs down into basic elements and


base improvements on an analysis of these basic elements by
eliminating, combining, or rearranging them.
Basic Motion
Elements
Description of Therbligs Symbols
1. Transport empty (TE): receiving an object with an empty hand.
(Now called “Reach”)
2. Grasp (G): grasping an object with the active hand.
3. Transport loaded (TL): moving an object using a hand motion.
4. Hold (H): holding an object.
5. Release load (RL): releasing control of an object.
6. Preposition (PP): positioning and/or orienting an object for the
next operation and relative to an approximation location.
Description of Therbligs Symbols
7. Position (P): positioning and/or orienting an object in the
defined location.
8. Use (U): manipulating a tool in the intended way during the
course working.
9. Assemble (A): joining two parts together.
10. Disassemble (DA): separating multiple components that were
joined.
11. Search (Sh): attempting to find an object using the eyes and
hands.
12. Select (St): choosing among several objects in a group.
Description of Therbligs Symbols
13. Plan (Pn): deciding on a course of action.
14. Inspect (I): determining the quality or the characteristics of an object
using the eyes and/or other senses.
15. Unavoidable delay (UD): waiting due to factors beyond the worker’s
control and included in the work cycle.
16. Avoidable delay (AD): waiting within the worker’s control which
causes idleness that is not included in the regular work cycle.
17. Rest (R): resting to overcome a fatigue, consisting of a pause in the
motions of the hands and/or body during the work cycles or between
them.
18. Find (F): A momentary mental reaction at the end of the Search cycle.
Seldom used.
• Micromotion Study – use of motion
3. Micromotion pictures and slow motion to study motions
Study that otherwise would be too rapid to
analyze.
Charts
• Motion study analysts often use charts
as tools for analyzing and recording
motion studies.
• Analysts may use a simo chart to study
simultaneous motions of the hands.
SIMO Chart
• These charts are
invaluable in studying
operations such as
data entry, sewing,
surgical and dental
procedures, and
certain assembly
operations.

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