Chapter 2: Internet

Information Technology in Business

Compiled By: Muzammil Ahmad Khan [email protected]

About the Course Instructor

 Name
 Academic Credentials
 Teaching Experience
 Industry Experience
 Contact

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Please Introduce Yourself

 Name
 Student ID
 Courses/Semester cleared so far
 GPA
 Know how about Computer
 Any other relevant Information

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Information Technology in Business

 Course Objectives:
 Upon successful completion of this course, the student will
be able to:
 Understand the role of Information Systems (IS) in
organizations.
 Understand how Information Systems (IS) can be used to
create competitive advantages for businesses.
 Understand the key elements associated with designing
Information Systems (IS).
 Understand the key elements associated with planning and
managing Information Systems (IS).
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Information Technology in Business

 Prerequisites:
 Familiarity with basic computer devices and terminologies.

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Information Technology in Business

 Some Questions:
 Why should I take this course?
 What can I learn from this course?
 What is the business value of this course?
 How can I get a good grade from this course?

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Teaching Philosophy

 Self-motivated active learning

 Learning by doing. Combination of theory and
practice

 Learn from each other through class discussion

and information sharing

 To be sensitive to the real world business

problems

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Information Technology in Business

 Text Book
 Management Information System, 8th Edition
 By: James A. O' Brien , George Marakas
 Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition
 By: Peter Norton

 Reference Book
 Management Information System, 9th Edition
 By: Kenneth C. Laudon, Jane P. Laudon

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Marks Distribution

 Assignment __________ 10

 Quizzes __________ 10

 Project with Presentation __________ 10

 Mid Term __________ 30

 Semester Final Paper __________ 40

 Total Marks __________ 100

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Course Outline

 Module 1: Introduction of Computing

 Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers
 Chapter 2: Internet
 Module 2: Hard and Soft Aspect of Computing
 Chapter 3: Computer Hardware
 Chapter 4: Computer Software
 Chapter 5: Data Resource Management
 Chapter 6: Telecommunications and Networks
 Module 3: Computing Practical Implementation
 Exploring Microsoft Office (Word, PowerPoint & Excel)
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Course Outline (Week Wise)

Week Topics Week Topics

1 Introduction to Computers 9 Database Management

2 Internet 10 Networks

3 Hardware 11 MS-Excel

4 Software 12 MS-Excel

5 Processing and Storage Data 13 MS-Power point

6 MS-Word 14 E-Commerce

7 MS-Word 15 Project Presentations

8 Mid Term Examination 16 Final Semester Examination

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Information Technology in Business

Chapter
2

Internet

Compiled By: Muzammil Ahmad Khan [email protected]

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Learning Objectives

 Understand the concept of Internet

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Internet

 The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks

that links millions of businesses, government
agencies, educational institutions, and individuals.

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Internet Background History

 The Internet originated as ARPANET in September

1969 and had two main goals:

Allow scientists at
Function even if part of
different physical
the network were
locations to share
disabled or destroyed
information and work
by a disaster
together

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Internet Background History

 ARPANET was developed by Department of Defense

 Connected universities and defense bases
 In 1973 – ARPANET connects to Europe
 Till 1980’s, commercial traffic was not allowed
 From 1990’s, Commercial networks take over
 100,000 new web sites per month
 More than 50% of U.S. households are online

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Internet Background History

1986 NSF
connects
NSFnet to
1969 ARPANET
ARPANET and becomes 1996
becomes known as the Internet2 is
functional Internet founded

1984 1995 Today More

ARPANET NSFNet than 550
has more terminates its million hosts
than 1,000 network on connect to
individual the Internet the Internet
computers and resumes
linked as status as
hosts research
network

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Network

 A Computer network is a collection of computers

and devices Connected together via communication
devices and transmission media. For example it my
connect computers, printers and scanners.

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Advantages of Computer Networks

 Sharing of Devices such as printer and scanner

 Sharing program / software
 Sharing files
 Sharing data
 Sharing information
 Sharing of single high-speed internet connection
 Better communication using internet services such
as email, audio and video conversation
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WWW

 The World Wide Web is a hyperlinked network of

documents and other resources found on the
computers of the Internet.

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Locating Resources

 In order for the WWW to be useful, we need a way of

referencing all the resources available.

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URL

 Uniform Resource Locator

 A URL allows every resource (e.g. HTML page,
image, sound clip etc.) on the WWW to have a
unique address.

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Parts of a URL

 http://www.someaddress.com:8080/files/intro.html

 The protocol gives the method of communication to

be used. http is most common, but you may see ftp as
well.
 The domain name is the name of the computer that
has the resource you want. This computer is often
called the host.
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Domain Names

 Domain names are broken down into different levels.

 E.g. www.someaddress.com
 The top level domain name is com
 The second level domain name is someaddress
 The third level domain name is www

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 The port specifies the port number that the server is
listening to for requests.
 Port number is optional
 If not given, the default of port 80 is used.

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Directory and Resource Path

 This is a description of the file structure on the host

system.

 If the host is Unix or Linux, this part of the URL is

case-sensitive.

 To avoid problems it is best to use lower case for all

resource paths, on all systems.

 Different levels of a path are always separated by

forward slashes, regardless of the host system.

 If multiple users are hosted on a system, the first part

of the path will be ~user
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 The last part of the path is the actual resource desired,
usually an HTML page.

 The extension for HTML files can be .htm or .html

(recommended)

 If no resource is given, the server will try to display a

page named index.html. If not found, it may display
a directory listing, if permitted.

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Types of Network Communication Technology

 Types of network communication technology:

i) Intranet

ii) Extranet

iii) Internet

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Types of Network Communication Technology

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Types of Network Communication Technology

Intranet Corporate members

Extranet Clients, partners, customers

Internet Global society: competitors

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Intranet

 An Intranet is a private network within an

organization that resembles the internet.

 Organizations use intranets to provide information

to their employees.

 Typical applications include electronic telephone

directories, email addresses, employee information,
internal job openings and much more.

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Extranet

 Extranet is a private network that connects more

than one organizations

 Many organizations use the internet technologies to

allow suppliers, customers and business partner
limited access to their network

 The purpose is to increase efficiency and reduce costs

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Internet

 Internet is a public network

 It is worldwide collection of networks that links

million of business, government agencies,
educational institution and individuals.

 Internet users can access service like web browsing,

email, file transfer, mailing list, chat rooms, instant
messaging and newsgroups.

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Types of Network Communication Technology

Differences Intranet Extranet Internet

Used for Private Private Public
Provide Provide information Provide
Types of users
information for to suppliers, information for
organization customers and public
employees business partner
Telephone Access data, check Access all kinds
Usages
directories, status, place orders, of information
internal job send email
opening, employee
information

High Use virtual private Loose

Security
network (VPN)
technology to
communication over
the internet more
secure
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Bandwidth

 Bandwidth is the amount of data that can be

transmitted over a network in a certain amount of
time.

 Bandwidth is measured in:

 Mbps (megabits per second).

 Kbps (kilobits per second).

 bps (bits per second).

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Bandwidth

 The actual rate of transfer of data will vary

depending on:

 ISP’s equipment.

 Type of Internet connection.

 Number of people using the same connection at one

time.

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Internet Browser

 An Internet Browser is a software program that

enables you to view Web pages on your computer.
Browsers connect computers to the Internet, and
allow people to “surf the Web.”

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Applications/Services of Internet

 Download programs and files

 E-Mail
 Voice and Video Conferencing
 E-Commerce
 File Sharing
 Information browsing
 FTP and Telnet
 Live Streaming
 Chatting and many more…
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Email

 Electronic-Mail
 Exchanges messages with other users
 Messages reach destination in seconds
 Mail waits in mailbox until opened
 Text, audio, pictures and video messages

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Using Email

 Configuring e-mail
 e-mail clients read and send e-mail
 Outlook and Eudora are common
 Need name of mail server
 Need username and password
 Hotmail and Yahoo are online clients
 No configuration needed
 e-mail addresses
 Unique address
 Allows sending and receiving
 [email protected]
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Using Email

 e-mail actions
 Create a new message
 Send an attachment
 Reply to e-mail
 Open attachments
 Forward an e-mail
 CC refers to Carbon Copy.

It sends a copy of the e-mail to everyone on the list.

 BCC refers to Blind carbon copy.
 It does the same, except the recipients do not know
who else got the message.

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Other Internet Services / Features

 News
 Public board devoted to a topic
 Thousands of topics available
 Messages are called threads
 Users can create threads
 Users can comment on threads
 Need a news reader program

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Other Internet Services / Features

 File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

 Copies files from a remote computer
 FTP client is needed
 Some sites require a password

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Other Internet Services / Features

 Instant messaging (IM)

 Private, real-time communication
 Message sent only to listed users
 Buddy lists contain IM names
 Online services
 Company that offers access by subscription
 Banks, games and research
 America Online offers content and Internet
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Internet Advantages

 Information available 24/7

 Customers access at their convenience
 Relatively cost effective
 Targetability
 Message can be timely
 Ads can be interactive
 Ability to coupon
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Internet Disadvantages

 High maintenance necessary

 Not effective as stand alone strategy
 Difficult to gauge impact (getting better)
 Cost of development and maintenance can vary
 Not everyone has access to internet
 Theft of Personal Information
 Pornography

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