Unit II Title Academic Writing

Title of the Lesson Types of Academic Writing

Duration 1.5 Hours

Introduction

Most learners have to write essays and academic work in school.

According to Richards (2010) “ Writing is an expertise that is seen mostly in

some contexts in life.” Nevertheless, academic writing performs many of the things that
personal writing does not. This kind of writing gives its own rules and applications.
Academic writing is a better way to write and express ideas accurately. It does not use
slangs or argots of any kind. Academic writing is thinking in a not conventional way. It is
essentially the writing you have to do for your university courses. Your instructors may
have different names for academic writing assignments (essay, paper, research paper,
term paper, argumentative paper/ essay, analysis paper/essay, informative essay,
position paper) but all of these assignments have the same goal and principles.

All students wanting to maximize their academic lesson interesting and

relevant to their respective course/specialization must read fully this lesson.

Objectives/Competencies

1. Express knowledge of the topics in persuasive and formal way.

2. Equip the students with communication, thinking and writing skills.
3. Improve the style and techniques in writing.

Pre-Tes
t

Identify the following:

1. It deals with Abstract, Results and Discussion and some references.

2. Also known as an argumentative essay, is a piece of academic writing

 where you use logic and reason.
3. This type of paper is often anecdotal, experiential, and personal— allowing
students to express themselves in a creative and, quite often, moving ways.
4. A kind of literary work that expresses feelings and ideas with distinctive style and
rhythm.
5. A kind of prose that represents character with certain point of realism.
6. Designed so that you'll consider carefully what you think or feel about
something you've read or seen.
7. A kind of work that describes what you have learned after exploring your topic
in depth.
8. It is a kind of essay that explains something and motivates the learners to write
their particular experience.
9. It deals with goals that provide the readers with some procedure or guidance.
10. It is an original report that details difficult issues. Its goal is to help the readers to
comprehend and resolve a problem.

Lessons

A. Common types of academic writing

Academic writing helps the students analyze the important kinds of academic
papers usually assigned to college learners. Read this to learn and enhance
your style in writing.

Exposition Papers

The aim is to give the readers the important concerns or help them analyze
something. Some common examples are:

Compare and Contrast ​is a common form of academic writing. To note what is
similar and different about (two or more things).

Technical Paper ​usually consists of the following important features; abstract,

Introduction,discussion, results and conclusion.

Research Paper​ is an expanded essay that presents your own interpretation or

evaluation or argument.
Reaction Paper​ is a type of work which requires personal opinion and
conclusions on a given article .

Process essay​ is constructed around the goal of providing the reader with
directions or guidance.

Narrative Papers
The objective of this paper is to tell the readers of the past incident. Narrative paper
deals with these kinds:

Novel​ is relatively long work of narrative fiction, particulary written in prose form.

Poem​ is written in verse , especially one that is characterized by a highly developed

artistic form.

Short story​ is a piece of prose fiction which is usually read in one sitting.

Personal essay​ is a short work of autobiographical nonfiction. Also known as

personal statement.

Descriptive Papers

The aim of this paper is to offer a description of things by using vivid words. The
readers will be given a chance to see clearly the person, things and place that
have been described in the paper. Description usually surround poems and
fiction.

Persuasive Papers

The goal of this paper is to convince the readers regarding the accuracy of an
idea. When you develop a paper like this, you establish the accuracy of your
points by citing facts and examples.

Analysis

I. Have a list of your favorite novels. Give your reasons for considering them
as great works of literature.
 II. Choose two or more subjects/elements that connect in a meaningful way
and make a good comparison-contrast essay.
Abstraction

Watch-Write

Commercials Students will watch a TV Commercial. Then, they will write their own
script based on that commercial but focused on a different product.

Application

Travel Videos

Watch a few travel videos (there are many nice, short travel “postcard” videos online).
Groups of students select a place and write up a report or a poster outlining why others
should visit their city/country.

B. Writing about Texts

This topic deals with different activities and works:reports, books, essays and visuals for
some ads and photographs. Most of the activities that request you to answer a text call
for some details or an understanding of a text or both.

A summary is fine in words and exhibits that you have learned the writer’s important
ideas. Works and activities calling for an understanding of a text vary widely, but they
will most of the time request you to look at how the text’s parts some up to its central
argument or goal, often with the objective of evaluating the samples or the result.

In writing a text, remember that you will be required to read the entire piece or text
many times to digest the ideas/thoughts. There are tips that may help you to
comprehend; (1) annotating the text with what your queries and examinations and (2)
outlining the text’s important points. Use these tips to evaluate visual texts.

Objectives/Competencies

1. Annotate a text.

2. Outline a text.

3. Summarize a given text.

 Pre-Test

Direction: Read the following statements. Write T for the statements that are
True and F for statements that are False.

1. Critical thinking strategy is important to visual text.

2. Conciseness in writing means clarity.

3. Annotating is the same with outlining.
4. Tone in writing is expressed by your use of syntax and your point of view.
5. The central idea of the paragraph may only be found at the beginning of the
text.
A. Read carefully: Annotate the text
Read carefully by writing down the queries and ideas in the in the edge of the
text or visual.While reading you can do the annotating of the text, you are
doing an important thing- you are dealing with work, not just ignoring some
words. You may use a colored pen in noting the important ideas, highlight
points and elements that fascinate you. You can also do necessary changes
of your early annotations they can simply be erased.

Pointers to remember for reading actively /carefully

1. Equip yourself with basic points and style of a text.
2. Keep details that fascinate, amaze and intrigue you.

3. Read and reread to discover meaning

4. Apply critical thinking strategies to visual texts

A. Do a little illustrating a short outline of the text.

When you finished reading, you do rereading and annotating a text, then try to outline it.

Observing how the writer has constructed a text can give you points to comprehend it.
As you try to illustrate an outline, please note or observe the text’s thesis (key idea) and
its main sentence.
B. Summarize to show your comprehension
Your objective in summarizing a text is to mention the paper’s main ideas and
important points, accurately, concisely and naturally.
Guidelines for writing a summary
1. You may mention the name of the writer and thesis and central point in the
first part of your paper.
2. Maintain a neutral tone.
3. You may use present tense of verb and the third person point of view.
4. Keep your focus on the text.
5. Use your own words in summarizing the paper.
6. Just present the paper’s important points.
7. Be concise, make every word count.

Analysis

Read the paragraph. Then fill in the blanks that follow.

What makes an effective leader? There is no particular trait that can describe
an effective leader.Indeed, employees set a very high standards or
expectations from ideal leaders. Productivity increases when leaders set high
standards and expect much from their employees. This is an example of
Pygmalion effect, which works in an ultra-fine, and precise way. If a leader
believes on the capacity and the good things that a member can contribute,
unconsciously, the manager tells this beliefs without observing the he is doing
so. On the contrary, when the leader anticipates a member of the group to
fail, that member will not dishearten the leader. The manager’s expectation of
success or failure becomes a self fulfilling prophecy. Thus it pays for a
manager to expect the best from employees. (Adapted from Andrew J.
DuBrin, Leadership 4/e, © Cengage Learning.)

Main Idea:

Supporting:
Abstraction

Read an article on the following topics and be able to share the

summary with your classmates.

1. Cyber crime
2. Child Abuse
3. Birth Control

Application

Make an outline and a summary of the following

topics:

1. The outbreak of Corona virus

2. Safety and Health

3. What matters to you and why

Suggested Readings

www.goodreads.com www.forbes.com
www.helendoron.com
https://www.helpingwritersbecomeauthors.com
References:

Hacker, D. (2007) Rules for Writing. 6​th ​edition. Harvard University.

Richards, J. (2010) Everyday Creativity: Process and Way of

Life.