Congruence and Similarity
p.293 – p.333
p.293
Congruent figures have exactly the same shape and size.
Are they congruent?
p.294-p295 Why are these two triangle are congruent?
SSS Congruence Test.
If the 3 sides of a
triangle are equal to
the 3 corresponding
sides of another
triangle, then the two
triangles are
congruent.
p.297-p298 Why are these two triangle are congruent?
SAS Congruence Test.
If 2 sides and the included angle of
a triangle are equal to the 2
corresponding sides and the
corresponding included angle of
another triangle, then the two
triangles are congruent.
p.301-p302 Why are these two triangle are congruent?
AAS Congruence Test.
If 2 angles and 1 side of a triangle are
equal to the 2 corresponding angles and
the corresponding side of another triangle,
then the two triangles are congruent.
p.302-p303 Why are these two triangle are congruent?
RHS Congruence Test.
If the hypotenuse and 1 side of a right-
angled triangle are equal to the
hypotenuse and 1 side of another right-
angled triangle, then the two triangles are
congruent.
p.305-p308 Exercises
p.309
Similar figures have exactly the same shape but not necessarily the same size.
The Waterfall House
Pennsylvania
Frank Lloyd Wright
p.310-p312 Why are these two triangle are similar?
AA Similarity Test.
If 2 angles of a triangle are equal to
the 2 corresponding angles of
another triangle, then the two
triangles are similar.
p.313-p315 Why are these two triangle are similar?
SSS Similarity Test.
If the 3 ratios of the
corresponding sides of
two triangles are equal,
then the two triangles
are similar.
p.316-p317 Why are these two triangle are similar?
SAS Similarity Test.
If 2 ratios of the corresponding sides of
two triangles are equal and the pair of
included angles are also equal, then
the two triangles are similar.
p.320-p323 Exercises
REVIEW
The triangle ABC is congruent to triangle XYZ,
because there are three pairs of corresponding
side (SSS).
TRUE or FALSE ?
The triangles ABC is congruent to triangle CDE,
because there are two pairs of corresponding
side and one pair of corresponding angle (SAS).
AC = CE
∠ 𝐴𝐶𝐵 = ∠ 𝐷𝐶𝐸
AB = DE
TRUE or FALSE ?
The triangles JAK is congruent to triangle NAK,
because they both have a right angle, same
length of hypotenuse and one pair of
corresponding side (RHS).
TRUE or FALSE ?
Area and Volume
of Similar Figures
and Solids
p.338
Ratio
1:2
5 cm
2
10 cm 𝐴2 𝑙2
=
𝐴1 𝑙1
Ratio
1:4
Area = 25 cm2
Area = 100 cm2
p.340
A = ???
A = 32 cm2
4 cm
7 cm
p.340
A = 72 m2
A = ???
2.5 m 6m
p.344
No.5
p.344
No.6
p.344
No.7
p.344
No.8
p.344
No.9
p.344
No.10
p.347
Ratio
1:2
5 cm
3
10 cm 𝑉2 𝑙2
=
𝑉1 𝑙1
Ratio
1:8
Volume = 125 cm3
Volume = 1000 cm3
p.348
10 cm
6 cm
V = 16.2 cm3
V = ???
p.348
1m
r = ???
V = 2 m3
V = 16 m3
p.354
No.9
p.354
No.10
p.354
No.11
p.354
No.12
p.354
No.13
REVIEW
In the figure, HG is parallel to QR, GF is parallel to PQ and QF : FR = 2 : 3
P
G
H
Q R
F
Find the ratio of the area of △PHG and △PQR.
These are the steps:
1) Find HG
2) Find the ratio of HG and QR
3) Use the ratio of HG and QR to find the ratio of the area of △PHG and △PQR
Two solid cones are geometrically similar and the height of one cone is 1.5
times that of the other. Given that the height of the smaller cone is 12 cm
and its surface area is 124 cm2 , find:
i) The height of the larger cone
ii) The surface area of bigger cone
How the scientists can determine the mass of a planet without measuring it ?
