A STUDY ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION TOWARDS HIMALA FACE

WASH CREAM PRODUCTS

PROJECT REPORT
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements
For the award of the Degree of
M.COM (Master of Commerce)

Submitted By

S. ARUNAKUMARI

HT.NO:0012140019

Under the Guidance of

Dr.O. MOHAMMAD RAFEE

M.com, MBA. Ph.D
Department of Commerce, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa

Department of Commerce
Yogi Vemana University
Kadapa-5165001, INDIA

2021 -2022
 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this dissertation entitled “A STUDY ON CUSTOMER

SATISFACTION TOWARDS HIMALAYA FACE WASH PRODUCTS”
is an original research work done by me for the fulfillment of the Degree and award of
M.Com Department of commerce, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh.
The work has not been submitted previously in part or full to this University or to any
other University for any degree or any diploma.

PLACE: KADAPA S. ARUNAKUMARI

DATE: HALL TICKET No: 0012140019

 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the Dissertation project entitled “A STUDY ON
CUSTOMER SATISFACTION TOWARDS HIMALAYA FACE WASH PRODUCT”
Is an original record and bonafide research work done by S.
ARUNAKUMARI(HT.NO:0012140019) during the academic year of 2021-23 under my
guidance and supervision.

It is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement of dissertation project for

the Course M.Com Department of Commerce in Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa,
Andhra Pradesh

PLACE: Dr. O. MOHAMMAD RAFEE

KADAPA COORDINATOR
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It is my pleasant pleasure to express my profound gratitude and regards to

Dr.O.Mohammad rafee , Department of Commerce , Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa,
whose guidance and encouragement saw to the successful completion of this project.

I am indebted to my family and friends who have always been a driving force
behind every endeavor of mine. I thank all the respondents of this study who willingly co-
operated and extended their views on the subject.

PLACE: KADAPA S.ARUNAKUMARI

DATE:
 ABSTRACT
Public relations have become critical for educational institutes in order to attract new
students, function successfully in society, improve brand recognition, and inform students and
their parents about the courses they offer and the fee structure. Because of this increased
competition in the education sector, institutes, universities, and colleges are turning to public
relations firms to ensure that the public has a favorable perception of the educational quality they
provide.

Public relations use a variety of methods to ensure that more people are aware of their
school/college and universities. The primary role of public relations firms is to instill a positive
image of the institutes in the minds of potential students and their parents so that when they are
looking for an institute to educate their children, they prefer to choose that particular institute.
The education sector benefits greatly from the use of good public relations firms to create a
positive image of their institutes in the eyes of the target audience. Public relations have become
a requirement for educational institutions to attract new students' attention and function
successfully in society.

Public Relations Departments work to increase the visibility of educational institutes so

that more people are aware of them. Public relations promote the institute's positive image by
emphasizing its infrastructure, courses, benefits of choosing specific courses, fee structure, job
opportunities, and so on.

The present study aims to study the functioning of the Public Relations Department of the
Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa. It analyses the work of the department for a period of six
months quantitatively and qualitatively to assess the role in enhancing the image of the
organization.
 CONTENTS

Chapter TITLE Page No

No
1 INTRODUCTION 1 – 13
Origin and Evolution of Public Relations in India
Role of Public Relations in enhancing the organization image
Public Relation Department in Yogi Vemana University
II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 14 – 20
III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 21– 24
Aim, Scope, Objectives of the Study
Need of the Study and Hypothesis
Research Methodology
IV DATA PRESENTATION & ANALYSIS 25– 28
V FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS 29– 46
REFERENCES
APPENDICES - Content analysis- Code Sheet 38-46
 CHAPTER -1 - INTRODUCTION

1. Origin and evolution of Public Relations in India

Public Relations, despite being over a century old across the world, began in India in the
1950s, when a group of public relations practitioners formed the PR Society of India in 1958 in
Bombay under the leadership of Kali H. Mody. He led the body till 1960 later by Arthashastra S.
Mandietta who was president in 1961 till 1965, with F.S. Mulla who became the President from
1966 to 1969. It was under Mr Farruk S. Mulla, this informal body was registered under the
Indian Societies Act XXVI of 1961, in 1966, and he became the founder President of Public
Relations Society of India. At the same time, around 1965, another body, the Public Relations
Circle had been founded and registered in Calcutta. It was the first-ever association of
professional PR practitioners in Eastern India.
In 1968, the first All India Public Relations Conference was held in Mumbai in 1968,
where the members of the Calcutta Public Relations Council decided to disband the regional
body, and merged with the Public Relations Society of India to strengthen the national body.
Another significant contribution of this conference was adoption of the International Code of
Ethics (also called Code of Athens) on 21 April 1968. The founder President Farrok S. Mulla
was able to extend the reach of the PR body by establishing Regional Chapters at Delhi, Madras,
and Calcutta. One of the landmark achievements of this professional body of PR practitioners
was to bring together leading international PR experts to India when Bombay hosted the 9th
Public Relations World Congress from 19 to 23 January 1982 with active participation of
International Public Relations Association (IPRA).
At that time, the PRSI was headed by Mr K.S. Neelakandan, Director Public Relations
with Pfizer Limited, who was also the Executive Chairman of the World Congress. Though there
were several individuals and small companies which started even before that, they offered PR
with the limited scope of media relations only. It was only natural that the entrepreneurs who
began these services came from a background of journalism, seen as a natural hunting ground for
the nascent PR industry.

1
Public Relations in India – the Pre-Independence
The growth of PR as a profession in India has been a topic of much debate and
deliberations. Many scholars have analyzed the historical evolution and growth of Public
Relations in India from varied perspectives. JM Kaul, for instance, chronicles four stages of
historical evolution of Public Relations, viz., early stage, the stage of conscious PR, the third
stage of PR and finally Professionalism in PR. The process of professional public relations, it is
believed started in the pre –independence era when the British Government needed to win over
the support of the Indians towards World War I. It was also the time when family-owned
corporate houses such as Tata and Birla’s were emerging on the scene.
The advent of Mahatma Gandhi on the political front changed the strategy of freedom
struggle in the country then on. Non –violence, Civil disobedience, Satyagraha (Insistence on
truth) were the new strategies that needed mass support and understanding from the Indian
perspective. Mass media, especially newspapers played a great role in disseminating information
and creating a national fervor among Indians. The British Government too, felt the need to build
the public opinion and disseminate information to the public through the media on World War I.
It established a Central Publicity Board under the chairmanship of Sir Stanley Reed, the editor of
the Times of India, Bombay which was the first organized PR set-up in the country. Once the war
ended the board was taken over by Central Bureau of Information in 1921. This bureau
functioned as a link between the government and the media. One of its important functions was
to scrutinize the negative and critical stories on the government appearing in the media. It also
acted as a major tool of feedback for the government machinery. For the first time an Indian, Mr.
J Natarajan of the Pioneer newspaper, Lucknow was appointed as its Deputy Principal
Information Officer. In 1923, the Central Bureau was re-designated as the Directorate of Public
Instruction and later in 1939, it became the Directorate of Information and Broadcasting.
Growth of PR in the post-independent India
After achieving independence from the British yoke in August 1947, the government of
India set up a full-fledged Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, a premier agency for
disseminating information to people at large on various welfare programs undertaken by the
government. Successive governments have been criticized for using the state machinery for

2
propagating the ‘achievements’ of the party in power. In times of crisis, the governments both at
central and state levels have used the PR machinery to salvage their reputation. The redeeming
thing however in India, that makes our democracy a robust one, is that we have a free and vibrant
media that works as a watchdog in public interest and has constantly questioned the successive
governments on their various decisions and unearthed many a scam. The Right to Information
that came into existence in 2005, besides empowering the common man has been used
vigorously by the media in India in pursuance of their investigative stories.
Origin of PR in Indian Companies
Some scholars believe that in the initial stages, PR as a management’s voice emerged
more as a tool of ‘liberal’ philanthropy by the pioneering industrialists. Kaul gives the example
of Tata Iron and Steel Company (TISCO) which went into production in 1912. From the very
beginning, the Tata’s were involved in community relations as they built the model town of
Jamshedpur where in they not only provided housing, water, electricity, free primary education,
hospital and technical institutes, but also promoted social cultural and economic development of
the community. Tata’s have been the forerunners in introducing employee welfare schemes.
India at that period of time was fragmented into hundreds of kingdoms and principalities and it
was not an easy task for the crusaders of the freedom movement, viz., various political leaders
and political parties, Congress being the foremost to reach out to the length and breadth of the
country in making people understand and participate in the freedom struggle against the British.
Persuasive communication obviously played a great role. It may or may not have been seen as
PR, but undoubtedly had its roots in it.
It was during this period that Tata opened their public relations department at their head
office in Bombay (now Mumbai) in 1943. It also started a monthly publication next year for
employee communication. A systematic and organized practice of public relations in India some
believe began with the Indian Railways. It was found that the building of railways for the
purpose of carrying raw materials from the hinterland to various ports in the country was proving
to be an expensive affair and soon they realized that they had to introduce passenger traffic in
order to recover the cost, which led to promotional messages for railways as a mode of
commuting.

3
Professionalism in PR
The 70s saw the establishment of Public Relations Society of India (PRSI) which gave
huge impetus to the public relations industry, still at a nascent stage. It will not be an
exaggeration to say that the globalization of the Indian economy in the 1990s gave its rightful
place to PR in India. The emergence of multi-national corporations on the scene in the early
1990s, the opportunities of foreign direct investment increased especially with the deregulation
of industries. The market became suddenly competitive and businesses felt it necessary to build
their reputation in order to gain more and more access to new market and new consumers. This
led to the proliferation of PR and advertising agencies in the country. As the multinational
corporations wanted to gain foothold in the country, they needed professional guidance in
creating a friendly environment for themselves. Soon one saw some of the global agencies like
the Ogilvy & Mather opening their PR arm in the country. Hindustan Thompson’ IPAN and Taj
Hotel’s Good Relations also began their offices around that time.
PR increasingly was also seen as a launch pad for brand building and crisis
communication. The PR consultancies were engaged by global corporate organizations for
giving them a hang of the situation, strategies for sailing through difficult times, and using
advocacy for influencing legislation and responding to the criticism from adversary groups who
were against ‘globalization of India’ a term often used by the ‘Swadeshi’ lobbies. Some of the
global corporates like Pepsi, Coke, MacDonald, KFC would bear this out. While everyone uses
PR in India, be it central or state governments, corporate organizations or the non-governmental
sector, the tools, techniques and tactics often differ. For the private and multinational companies,
advocacy and lobbying are essential part of PR, the public sector organizations, by and large
have a standard media mix for PR activities that include press/media relations for image build up
with the outside world through non-paid media, and internal communication with employees and
investor relations in companies that have gone public.
For achieving that the departments use various tools such as films, exhibitions, inter-
personal communication, outreach, house journals, company web sites, intra communication,
and open houses among others. The public sector is often criticized for not

4
strategizing their PR communication in order to achieve the ‘desired response’. The government
PR often is propagandist in nature leveraging welfare programs to gain positive public opinion
for the party in power. The non-governmental sector uses PR more often for advocacy and fund
raising. A common trend noticed in the private and public sector in India has been the
rechristening and re-designation of PR departments as corporate communications departments
and from PR managers to corporate communications managers.
Current State of Public Relations in India
Public relations is a thriving profession in India. There are hundreds of large and small PR
consultancies in the country, employing thousands of practitioners. Most companies in private
sector and almost all companies in the public sector have public relations departments.
According to a survey conducted by the Associated Chamber of commerce and Industry in India
(Assocham, 2012), the PR industry in India is growing at an annual rate of 32 percent. Many
believe the definition of traditional PR has undergone a change. PR in its new avatar not just
encompasses media relations and employee communication, but is used increasingly for strategic
communication, brand building, customer relations and crisis management. From an executive
function, PR is now becoming a part of the high-level management job touching upon the core
values of an organization.
PR in India is fast emerging as an institution especially with its growing acceptance as a skilled
and specialized profession.

2. Role of Public Relations in Education Sector

When it comes to branding, public relations, or PR, is one of the most critical parts
of education marketing and communication. Many schools, colleges, and universities are
proliferating at an alarming rate these days, raising the need for good Public Relation in
educational institutions. As a result, it has become critical for educational institutions to define
their brand in the market, keep competition at bay, and position themselves as sector leaders. In
any employment sector, whether commercial or non-profitable, new or established, solid public
relations exposure may go a long way toward increasing the organization’s reputation. Moreover,
it is critical to the proper execution of policies and the growth of an institution.

5
Need For PR in Education Sector
Public relations is the process of getting the correct information to the proper people and
places to develop a brand’s reputation. A public relations firm works with businesses to improve
their image in a particular industry. It supports its clients’ agenda through excellent marketing
methods. Public relation is a field that has the potential to affect the course of your company’s
destiny. Similarly, public relations techniques and tactics play an essential part in the educational
sector, the income from which exceeds 80000 crores in India each year.
The following are some of the reasons why educational institutions need PR:
Establishment of a Favorable Image:
PR allows education establishments to increase their brand visibility, allowing the target
audience to learn more about the college without visiting in person. This aids in the creation and
maintenance of a favorable image. Reputation management requires trusted media contacts. A
simple press release might help you restore the damage if you have media contacts. Businesses
can use public relations firms to make such ties.
Build national and International Connections:
Developing international academic cooperation is essential for every university. Through
student/faculty exchange programs, international accreditation/degrees, and research alliances,
public relations may give institutes worldwide visibility and develop academic collaborations
with foreign universities.
Reach Target Audience:
If done continually and consistently, public relations may effectively reach the target audience
and affect their impression of the educational school. Education Public Relations may also help
recruiters improve their relationships with industry, recruiters, and high-profile placement
agencies.
Increase Awareness:
Aspirants can benefit from public relations by marketing the institute’s distinctive qualities and
raising knowledge about its academic offers, faculty, activities, and events. Public Relations also
assists businesses in making the most of their online review presence. Not only can public
relations firms help today’s corporations with the assistance and direction they need to advertise
themselves online, but these firms can also step in when calamity hits or something goes wrong
with the image you’ve been attempting to develop.

6
Brand Values Are Promoted:
In any sector, trust plays a critical part in determining whether a company will succeed or fail.
Conversely, a lack of confidence might also result in a loss of sales. With public relations, you
can deliver good signals to your target audience that are consistent with your brand image by
employing concepts that your target consumers respond to positively. Professionals may improve
an organization’s reputation through thought leadership pieces, influencer contacts, and
networking methods.
Public Relations helps institutions inform the public about their infrastructure, courses,
fee structure, exchange programs, important collaborations, job prospects, etc. It becomes easy
for an informed parent to take decision. Agencies further inform public about changes and
developments. Educational events play a key role in earning knowledge, that is why events have
become an integral part of the learning system of institutions. Public Relations agencies hold
expertise in organizing such programs and help institutes to do the same. PR firms ensure the
coverage of the event in national as well as local newspapers.
Digital platforms have gained immense popularity in this tech-savvy world. In such
circumstances, engaging virtual population has become significant. Public Relations agencies
with expertise in social media marketing help institutes establish a rapport with their online
audience. It helps in executing real time conversation. Educational institutions are more prone to
crisis. Increase in fee structure, falling student satisfaction, and issues related to hostels draw
protests from concerned parties, malign the image of the institute. These incidents create one-
sided debate without listening the point of the institute. Owing to the good relationship with
media, Public Relations help eliminate or mitigate the effect of crisis. Public relations have
become an indispensable exercise for almost every sector. Education sector is also availing the
opportunity and it should. PR firms use both traditional and modern methods of communication
to build a reputation of an institute among all the stakeholders
The role of public relations in public education began with higher education applying
public relations methods used in business to promote their programs with competitors. Public
relations involve far more than publicity. “Educational public relations” means genuine
cooperation in planning and working for good education ecosystem with the community.
Collaborating with internal and external publics becomes a two-way process by means of the
flowing of ideas between school and community. Through thoughtful design and engagement

7
public relations builds the basis for mutual understanding and effective team work between the
two. Education Institutes use public relations both internally and externally. Internal Public
Relations stands for PR within the organization and its employs. External Public Relations stands
for maintaining favorable relations with the public. Events are held within the organization for
the members to build a good rapport amongst themselves and smoothen communication.
The purpose of internal Public Relations is to clear communication about organizational
intentions, activities and performance, improve sense of cohesion among employees, and
circulate adequate task-related information, positive information regarding an organization’s
ability to provide challenging and meaningful tasks. The external Public Relations of any
organization is when the institute holds several conferences, sends out press releases, manages
events and keeps itself much in the public glare for better promotion and more recognition.
Institutes these days maintain special ALUMNI Relations Cell through which they keep in
constant contact with their students who have passed out and are doing well in the industry. They
do it for the purpose of a better brand name and to ensure decent placements to the upcoming
batches through their contacts

3. Public Relations Department in Yogi Vemana University

Named after a renowned philosopher- thinker, poet, sage and yogi, Vemana, Yogi Vemana
University, established in the year 2006, by an Act of A.P state legislature is a blessing in
disguise for the students and researchers of the backward Rayalseemap region in general
and
Y.S.R district in particular. The erstwhile Sri Venkateswara University Post Graduate Centre was
elevated to a University with a humble and noble intention of providing a more conducive
environment to impart value-based education and promote quality research and service. The
University is committed to nurture and uphold healthy academic standards which contribute to
the social, intellectual and moral development.

8
 The University is situated about 15 kms away from the historic Kadapa City on the
Kadapa –Pulivendula road amidst serene surroundings and has a sprawling campus of about 652
acres with built-up area 78088.48 sq.mts. With humble beginnings, the University made rapid
strides towards overall development and has sufficient infrastructural facilities such as buildings
with academic ambience, library, modern science and research laboratories equipped with
sophisticated instruments, Super Computer facility, ISRO Geosphere Biosphere Atmospheric
Research Facility, Agri-Science Park, spacious hostels, gym, day-care centre, Botanical Garden,
RUSA Instrumentation Facility, RUSA SEM Facility, and a vast playground. Besides, a building
complex is made available in Gurukulam complex for the purpose of conducting training short
term vocational and job-oriented courses on a continuous basis. In order to promote technology
driven teaching- learning practices the departments have been equipped with digital panel
boards. Every department has library with necessary text books and reference books to
encourage the students to enrich the understanding of the subjects by additional reading. The
University has at present 101 regular staff, 136 Academic Consultants on its rolls besides 307 non-
teaching and 125 outsourcing staff. One of the unfailing strengths of the University is its faculty,
relatively young with wide overseas exposure in research endeavors and rich experience in
teaching. The faculty includes Humboldt, JSPS and Ramanujam Fellows, Young Scientist
awardees and recipients of UGC Raman Fellowships (17 No. of C.V. Raman Fellowships, 2 No.
of Humboldt fellows and 1 No. of Ramanujan fellowship holder). The faculty has rich research
experience in India and abroad besides teaching. Teachers have been encouraged to enrich their

9
pedagogical practices using technology. Presently about 2000+ students are pursuing
postgraduate and research programmes. Around 125+ Research scholars have received research
fellowships from various agencies. The University has bagged 88+ research projects worth
Rs.29.0 crores from various funding agencies such as DST / CSIR / DBT / MNRE / ISRO / UGC
/ MoES / BRNS / APCOST / MIC, etc. Since its inception the University prioritized research
arena and with the support of the Government, funding agencies and enthusiastic faculty, the
University has been successful in obtaining the above research projects.
Yogi Vemana University received UGC 2(f) and 12(B) statuses in 2007 and 2011,
respectively. In a bid to subject the institute to objective evaluation SSR for NAAC was filed in
May 2022 and the University accomplished NAAC ‘A’ grade with 3.13 CGPA in November
2022 in the 2nd Cycle. The University enrolled for the NIRF initiative of MHRD, Government
of India and was accorded 92nd rank at National level and 3rd rank at the State level (NIRF-
2016). Also ranked in 101-150 band during the year NIRF-2021 and 2022. University Grants
Commission sanctioned Rs.8.0 crores towards Development Assistance to Yogi Vemana
University, Kadapa during XII Plan period. With NAAC accreditation in 2016, RUSA has
sanctioned Rs.20.0 crores for the development of infrastructure in the University. The students
have proved their worth in National Level examinations such as CSIR/UGC-JRF/ NET and also
in APSET (Andhra Pradesh State Eligibility Test) conducted by the State Government. About
30+ students have received DST-INSPIRE and RGNF fellowships till date. About 650 students
have obtained campus selections organized by the Placement Cell. At present as many as 113
affiliated colleges offering undergraduate, postgraduate and professional courses are affiliated to
the University, which include P.G., U.G., Law, B.Ed., B.P.Ed. and D.P.Ed.
University also initiated steps to launch women’s cell, equal opportunities cell, Anti-
Sexual Harassment Cell, Anti-Ragging Cell, Industry Consultancy Cell, Incubation, Innovation
and Entrepreneurship Cell, Minority Cell, a Day Care Center and coaching programmes for SC /
ST / OBC / minority students preparing for competitive examinations. The
C.P Brown Library, now elevated to the status of languages Research Center of the University,
located in Kadapa town, has rare books, ancient documents and monographs and efforts are
made to preserve and protect ancient literature. In tune with the contemporary societal, scientific
and technological needs the University with 29 departments is offering conventional and inter-
disciplinary courses in basic and applied sciences, humanities, social sciences, commerce

10
and management. To promote cross-disciplinary learning with collaborations as the driving
force, programmes (30) across Faculty of Humanities, Commerce and Management Studies, and
Science and Technology engage with emerging processes and issues that impact life skills in
fundamental ways.
The University launched two five year M.Sc integrated courses, namely Earth Sciences
and Biotechnology & Bio-Informatics in 2007. University has created conducive ecosystem for
research and innovation with defined research promotion policy with financial support resulting
204 + awarded Ph.D since 2010. During the past 5 years, 720 quality research papers of national
and international reputation with the increase in h-index of 33 and total h-index of 49 proved its
place globally. University received ISO Certification, AP state Biodiversity Award 2021, AP
Greenery Award 2017 and YSR Life-time Achievement Award 2022. To give a fillip to
engineering education, the University in the year 2008 started YSR Engineering College at
Proddutur, a major town in Y.S.R district and an industrial hub. Currently it is offering graduate
courses in Engineering disciplines of Civil, Mechanical, Electrical & Electronics, Electronics &
Communication, Computer Science and Metallurgy & Materials Technology, and about 1026+
students are on the rolls. Student Centric learning is emphasized. ICT-enabled tools and support
facilities exist in all departments for the betterment of teaching-learning outcomes.

Interdisciplinary teaching was introduced through cafeteria approach and introduced

choice-based credit system. Continuously monitoring the quality of teaching potency based on
the student feedback evaluation. Review and updating of syllabus content and course structure
have been regularly attended. E-class rooms have been setup in all departments and nine well-
furnished seminar halls with digital equipment are available for the conduct of seminars/
conferences and other academic events. A.P.J Kalam library facility shelves standard collections,
reference books, theses, journals and periodicals, newspapers, magazines and useful material for
preparation of competitive examinations. The library is fully automated with SOUL 2.0 version
Digital library is available with access to J- Gate, J Gate Plus, IBI, DELNET and INFLIBNET.
Student amenities include Health Centre with resident doctor, R.O. Plants, Transport, Canteen,
Bank, ATM, Xerox Centre and Post Office.
Renowned experts of various domains from India and abroad both form academia and
industry are invited as Adjunct Professors to facilitate multi-disciplinary and interdisciplinary

11
research. University NSS cell organized extension activities through village adoption programme
in the neighborhood community and creating awareness among teachers, students and trainees
regarding their responsibilities towards society by sensitizing to social issues. New courses viz,
Food Technology and Computer Science have been introduced considering the career and
research prospects. Yogi Vemana University believes in promotion fine arts, tradition and
culture. Courses in painting, music and dance have been offered to encourage the enthusiastic
learners. An art gallery with rare collections of handicrafts, pottery and paintings which has been
set up in the New Administrative Building is a source of delight for aesthetic lovers. To promote
research culture, University provides seed money, high-speed internet and Wi-fi facility, library
with digital sources and anti-plagiarism software. University has spacious playfields with an area
of 64 acres, five multipurpose flood lights play fields, 400-meter track, sports science labs,
modern fitness centre, yoga centre, modern gymnasium with profession trainer, pistol shooting,
Skating etc are available along with sports coaching camps for national and international
competitions. University has two major best practices during the past 5 years namely Miyawaki
method for creating mini forest at the University Campus and second one is the installation of
solar park and roof-top solar panels for harnessing solar energy to clean electricity.
Public Relations Department in Yogi Vemana University

The ever-changing dynamics of the information and communication structures and the
interdependence of higher education institutions on them make the job of the Public Relations a
complex and a multidimensional one. Public Relations Cell of the Yogi Vemana University is
engaged in a vital role of disseminating the necessary information to both the internal and
external stake holders and is aiding in building relationships between the university and society.
The Public Relations Cell exercises all the options of communicating information related to the
University academic policies and programmes to all concerned sections of the society through
the media. It plays a vital role in promoting transparency by creating awareness and enhancing

12
the reputation of the university. The university is playing a major role in transformation of the
youth into trained, resourceful and skilled human resources essential to the development of a
nation and in this Endeavour the Public Relations Cell of Yogi Vemana University is fulfilling its
responsibility according to the core values of the University i.e., Teaching, Research and Service.
From 2006 the University was having a Public Relations Officer till 2015. In 2015 the
Public Relations Cell was created with three staff members and a Coordinator and two Co-
coordinators were appointed. In 2017 the system was again changed and the Public RelationsCell
was renamed with Public Relations Officer and Assistant Public Relations Officer.

13
 Chapter-II. Review of Literature
A review of modern public relations history gives a number of definitions.
Cutlip, Center and Broom (2000) define public relations as a management function
that establishes and maintains mutually beneficial relationships between an organization
and the publics on whom its success or failure depends. Moore and Kalupa (2007)
indicated that public relations as practiced today is a twentieth century American
phenomenon and its fundamental elements of informing people, persuading people and
integrating people were basic to earliest society just as they are today. The authors
further emphasize that the effective tool to monitor and manage opinion of the general
public is through extensive use of public relations practices. Wells et al (2005) opine
those public relations is a management function practiced by a wide range of
organizations, companies, governments, non-profit organizations, the educational
system, labor unions, politicians, organized sports, and the media.
Kotler and Mindak (2000) argued that public relations play a greater role in
academia, but a relatively reduced role in commercial organizations. Newson and
Carrell (2001) also asserted that public relations director should serve as a spokesperson
for the organization and overseer of the entire public relations program. According to
National School Public Relations Association (2010) educational public relations
function or practice helps improve the programs and services of an educational
organization. Educational public relations programs therefore assist in interpreting
public attitudes, identify and help shape policies and procedures in the public interest,
and carry on involvement and information activities which earn public understanding
and support (National School Public Relations Association, 2010). National School
Public Relations Association (2010) further mentioned the following as the functions or
practices of educational public relations: counseling, media’s liaison, communications
planning, publicizing students and staff achievements, community relations liaisons and
information station.
According to Jobber (2001) one of the functions of public relations is to manage
misconception so that unfounded opinions do not tarnish the image or operations of the
organization. Well et al., (2005) also asserted that public relations functions are designed
by planners to make changes in the public’s knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related

14
to a company, brand or organization. Peyronel and Lawniczak (2000) also state that
literature in higher education public relations affirms that senior public relations
administrators should be involved in institutional decision making at colleges and
universities and observe that reserving a seat at the corporate boardroom tables for
public relations executives and involving them in strategy development, would be a
logical first step for corporate reputation building (Nakra, 2000). This indicates that
public relations is a basic function of a modern university’s management. Pirozek and
Heskova (2003) examined public relations practice of a university in the Czech
Republic and found that two-way symmetrical tactics of research and feedback systems
helped the university gain a better understanding of the attitudes of its key publics.
Tengilimoglu et al., (2008) believe that public 173 relations activities for all
organizations can have an important effect on consumer decision making when buying
goods or services.
Palmer (2005) emphasized that a wide range of public relations tools are
available and suitability of each tool depends on the promotional objective. Belch and
Belch (2001) echoed that, public relations use a variety of tools including special
publications, participation in community activities, fund-raising, and sponsorships of
special events, advertising and public affairs activities to enhance an organizational
image. Well et al., (2005) also described categories of public relations tools and stressed
that the tools are best suited to create awareness of an organization and its services
depending on the amount of control the company has in its communication. The tools are
described as controlled (e.g., House ads, public service ads, Publications, Photographs,
Displays, exhibits), uncontrolled (e.g., News release, Press conferences, Talk and
interview shows, public service announcements) and semi-controlled (e.g. Electronic
communication (web sites, chat rooms), Special events and sponsorship, Word of
mouth).
Lancaster (2005) states that companies that use television as a medium of
communication stand the chance of achieving a high level of impact on their customers
or public due to its visual nature. The author observed that during a television program,
individual’s explanation regarding issues relating to their companies could be supported
with either products or footage of the company’s participation in a sponsored event.

15
This, the author argued, has the ability to erase any erroneous impressions about such
companies. Lancaster (2005) further mentions exhibition as one of the potential tools
for creating the opportunity for public relations officers as well as marketing
communicators to come into face-to-face contact with desired targeted audience or
visitors. The author claimed that since visitors treat exhibitions as a shop window and an
opportunity to gather technical information, the public relations officer would have the
opportunity to explain and provide all the necessary information that can inspire
confidence and trust in an organization by the customer or the targeted public and build
relationship.
Clow and Baack (2007) also argued that the internet could be used as a major
tool of public relations to help combat negative word of mouth. Khalil (2004) also
asserted that the explosive growth of mobile computing and wireless networks has
helped educational institutions stay at the forefront of the changing world. Audu (2006)
revealed that the Internet has many benefits in the academic cycle as it provides around
the clock access to global sources of information. Thus, internet and website provide a
faster, broader reach for public relations practitioners to publish company press releases,
background information, introduce new products or services and provide promotional
information for an organization. This view is supported by Yumba (1997), Ojedokun
and Owolabi (2003); Adomi, Omodeko and Otolo (2004). Thus, internet has become
an invaluable tool for teaching, learning, and research.
In their study, Wright and Hinson (2010) found that Facebook and the website
were the most current media used for public relations 174 messages. Therefore,
organizations must be vigilant and realize the power of the Internet and website and
what it can do to an organization’s reputation. Challenges of Public Relations Like all
forms of marketing communication, public relations also come with its special
challenges. An investigation into the literature reveals that the major problems faced by
the public relations unit of many organizations are lack of qualified personnel,
operational space, recognition and budget (Bruning and Ralston,2001; Jobber, 2001;
Kotler, Wong, Saunders and Armstrong, 2005; ).
Jefkins (2000) argued that the ideal structure of the public relations department
should be independent and directly responsible to the chief executive officer (CEO).

16
Grunig et al., (2006) also asserted that integration of the public relations functions into
other areas means that the functions cannot be managed strategically. Thus, if the public
relations officer is placed in any other department its functions will be strictly limited.
Therefore, the public relations officers in an institution, if accorded the needed
recognition they deserve by management, a seat will be reserved at corporate boardroom
tables for their involvement in strategy development (Nakra, 2000). In the words of
Kotler et al., (2005) public relations still capture only a small portion of the overall
marketing budgets of most firms, though public relations are considered as an important
brand building tool.
Bruning and Ralston (2001) also wrote that the practice of public relations at
most universities has been relegated to a single office concerned primarily with
managing institutional reputation. By this assertion, one could say that public relations
functions or practices will be limited in accomplishing its objectives especially in private
universities which rely solely on internally generated funds to run the affairs of the
institutions. Similarly, Heskov and Piro ek (2003), on the other hand, postulate that
higher educational institutions need to develop public relations capacities to build
proactive public relations departments. This will require recruiting qualified staff and
training them to perform their tasks in order to improve the image of the institutions.
Cutlipet al., (2006) further remarked that the function or role of public relations will be
useful only if management wants it, but if management perceives this function as not
something crucial for the company, then this function will not have a strategic position in
the company and its contribution will be limited. Therefore, it could be deduced from the
above that lack of recognition of the public relations unit may manifest itself in lack of
resources to keep the unit operational and functional to communicate timely information
to the publics of the university.
Theoretical Review
As organizations seek ways to increase profits by way of international markets,
many turn to the field of public relations as a way of reaching cross-cultural markets. In
designing public relations/communication programs, there are many factors that public
relations practitioners must consider in order to be successful in these markets. Factors
such as cultural differences, language barriers, values, beliefs, and customs often make it

17
difficult, if not nearly impossible, to successfully promote an organization's product or
serv ice. Three theories on public relations are discussed in this study.

1. The Systems Theory and Public Relations

The systems theory views things as a unit. Actually, it looks at a set of objects or
entities that are interrelated with one another in order to form a whole. These “systems’'
are open to different environments and create synergy. This theory was developed by
Bela H. Banathy. Howard T. Odum. Eugene Odum and Fritjof Capra in 1950 in
order to explain how the different systems within the human body work. Their theory
was later used to explain organizational and cultural behavior in both society and nature.
An easy way to explain this is by looking at a company’s organizational structure. For
example, you have your board of directors as well as your employees. These two
groups/units combine to form your whole organization. However, these two publics only
represent your internal publics. The theory argues that, if one has many external publics
which may include their suppliers, consumers, and many others. The public relations
practitioner is the connection between the organization and its publics. Including both
the internal and external publics of the organization. By viewing these publics as
separate groups or units, the PR professional can better address the individual needs of
that particular audience. Lets go back to your organization. The person is therefore a part
of the board of directors and have had some trouble communicating to your employees.
This has caused a big problem because your employees are starting to get irritated and
not do so well. You approach your public relations director and after some research,
he/she decides that the best way to solve this problem is to issue a company-wide
newsletter. While this may solve this particular problem, a newsletter isn't going to solve
a problem with communicating to your suppliers. The theory is applicable in this study
because by recognizing that an organization is a system composed of different
stakeholders and that each stokehold is of equal essence to the survival of the it, the
institution comes to enhance its image through enhanced public image.

18
2. Grunig’s Situational Theory
Grunig's (1977) situational theory consists of two dependent variables and three
independent variables. The two dependent variables, active and passive communication
behavior, can also be called information seeking and information processing.
Information seeking, as described by Clark and Kline (1974). is "the planned scanning
of the environment for messages about a specific topic." Information processing is "the
unplanned discover)' of a message followed by continued processing of it," Clark and
Kline (1974). The independent variables are situational because they describe the
perceptions that people have about specific situations, especially problematic ones
causing conflict. Grunig (1977) defines these three variables as follows: Problem
Recognition. People detect that something should be done about a situation and stop to
think about what to do. Constraint Recognition. People perceive that there are 34
obstacles in a situation that limit their ability to do anything about the situation. Level of
Involvement. The extent to which people connect themselves with a situation.
According to the theory, previous research has confirmed that high problem
recognition and low constraint recognition increase active information seeking and
passive information processing. The level of involvement also increases; however, it has
little effect on information processing. People seldom seek information about situations
that do not involve them. They will however randomly process information about low
involvement situations if they recognize it as being problematic. The theory is useful in
this study since it discloses that, it is the recognition and understanding of the problems
that enables an institution to address the issue in question and thus enhance the PR for an
eventual better institution image.

3. Game Theory
The basic premise of game theory holds that conflicts of interest can be modeled
as games of strategy. Game theorists model these conflicts by considering the
participants as "players" in the game. One player is the organization and the other is the
activist group in which each player has certain preferences and dislikes. Each one has to

19
select "plays" or strategies for reaching the preferred outcome while simultaneously
considering the opponent's strategies. Game theory examines various approaches to
conflict by applying specific models. These models can be divided into two classes of
game: zero sum and non-zero sum. On the pure conflict extreme is the zero-sum game
which can be defined as: "one in which 35 the payoffs to the players in any outcome add
up to zero; what one player gains, the other must necessarily lose." Colman (1982).
These types of games are based on pure opposition, as there is no possibility of
profitable collaboration. The non-zero-sum game is dominated by mixed motives games.
In this game, each side retains "a strong sense of self-interest but is motivated to
cooperate, to a limited extent, in order to maximize very different benefits for each,"
Colman (1982). In this study, the theory will be applicable in the sense that, the public
are the players and participant in branding the image of an institution. For them to paint
the image desirably, the institution should address their likes through better public
relations measures.

20
 CHAPTER-III – RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
1. AIM, SCOPE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
AIM:
The aim of study is to analyze the role of public relation in enhancing the image
of the organization. Public relations is regarded has management functions and its part is
very critical in the day to the function of the organization. Public relations connect the
internal and external stake holders of the organization. The present study aims to
analyses the role of public relations in enhancing the organization of yogi Vemana
University Kadapa.
SCOPE:
The scope of the study is limited to the analyses of Public Relations department
of Yogi Vemana University Kadapa. The study is limited to the functions of the Public
Relations department of yogi Vemana University from 01-01-2023 – 30-06-2023
OBJECTIVES:
The following are the objective of the study
1. To analyze the number of press Releases given by the Public Relation department
of yogi Vemana university.
2. To analyze the image the enhancing exercise calculated by yogi
Vemana University.
3. To study impact of PR department to the organization at yogi Vemana university.
2. RESEARCH QUESTIONS:
The study was guided by the following questions:
1. What roles does Public Relations Department perform in the management,
growth and development of Yogi Vemana University
2. What are the Public Relation strategies used in the Yogi Vemana University?
3. What are the challenges faced by the Public Relations Department in Yogi
Vemana University?

21
 4. Which public relations activities ensure institutional growth and development?
5. What is the place or position of Public Relations in the management of the
Institution.

3. NEED OF THE STUDY

For educational system to succeed it has to position itself through effective
Public Relation efforts. These efforts will go a long way in educating the publics about
the quality or quantity of educational services offered, level of competence of teachers,
the location of the institutions, and activities of the institutions, fees chargeable,
academic achievements and the vision and mission of statements. All these are mediated
in newspaper, TV, radios, websites, posters, advertisement etc. to increase involvement
and conflict resolutions. All these activities are beside others that help educational
institutions to thrive in educational sector. Thus a careful study of the functions and the
positioning of the Public Relations Department is necessary to analyze the desired effect
it has on the enhancement of the image of the organization.
4. HYPOTHESIS
This research study was based on the following hypotheses
1. Effective Public Relations leads to proper management of educational
institutions.
2. Application of relevant Public Relations strategies leads to success in
communication between organizations and its publics.
3. Planned PR contributes to rapid growth of educational institutions.
5. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:
The purpose of this study is to investigate the functions, tools used and special
challenges faced by public relations in Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa. Hence the
method of Content Analysis was selected to collect the data of the working and
functioning of the Public Relations Department of Yogi Vemana University.
Content analysis is the study of documents and communication artifacts, which
might be texts of various formats, pictures, audio or video. Social scientists use content
analysis to examine patterns in communication in a replicable and systematic manner.
One of the key advantages of using content analysis to analyze social phenomena is their

22
non-invasive nature, in contrast to simulating social experiences or collecting survey
answers. Practices and philosophies of content analysis vary between academic
disciplines. They all involve systematic reading or observation of texts or artifacts which
are assigned labels (sometimes called codes) to indicate the presence of
interesting, meaningful pieces of content. By systematically labeling the content of a set
of texts, researchers can analyze patterns of content quantitatively using statistical
methods, or use qualitative methods to analyze meanings of content within texts.
Content analysis is research using the categorization and classification of speech,
written text, interviews, images, or other forms of communication. In its beginnings,
using the first newspapers at the end of the 19th century, analysis was done manually by
measuring the number of columns given a subject. The approach can also be traced back
to a university student studying patterns in Shakespeare's literature in 1893. Over the
years, content analysis has been applied to a variety of
scopes. Hermeneutics and philology have long used content analysis to interpret sacred
and profane texts and, in many cases, to attribute texts' authorship and authenticity.
In recent times, particularly with the advent of mass communication, content
analysis has known an increasing use to deeply analyze and understand media content
and media logic. The political scientist Harold Lasswell formulated the core questions of
content analysis in its early-mid 20th-century mainstream version: "Who says what, to
whom, why, to what extent and with what effect?" The strong emphasis for a quantitative
approach started up by Lasswell was finally carried out by another "father" of content
analysis, Bernard Berelson, who proposed a definition of content analysis which, from
this point of view, is emblematic: "a research technique for the objective, systematic and
quantitative description of the manifest content of communication".
Quantitative content analysis has enjoyed a renewed popularity in recent years
thanks to technological advances and fruitful application in of mass communication and
personal communication research. Content analysis of textual big data produced by new
media, particularly social media and mobile devices has become popular. These
approaches take a simplified view of language that ignores the complexity of semiosis,
the process by which meaning is formed out of language. Quantitative content analysts
have been criticized for limiting the scope of content analysis to simple counting, and for

23
applying the measurement methodologies of the natural sciences without reflecting
critically on their appropriateness to social science. [25] Conversely, qualitative content
analysts have been criticized for being insufficiently systematic and too
impressionistic. Krippendorff argues that quantitative and qualitative approaches to
content analysis tend to overlap, and that there can be no generalizable conclusion as to
which approach is superior. Content analysis can also be described as studying traces,
which are documents from past times, and artifacts, which are non-linguistic documents.
Texts are understood to be produced by communication processes in a broad sense of
that phrase—often gaining mean through abduction.

24
 CHAPTER- IV- DATA PRESENTATION & ANALYSIS

TABLE NO – 1: Frequency of release of Press Releases

S. No Frequency of release of Press Releases Number Percentage

1 Daily 143 100%
2 Weekly 0 0%
3 Monthly 0 0%
Table No. 1 indicates the frequency of release of press releases by the Public Relation
Department of Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa. According to this table all the press releases i.e.
143 (100% ) are released daily.

TABLE NO – 2: Nature of Information released by PR Department

S. No Nature of information Number Percentage

1 Press Release 143 100%
2 Press Rejoinder 0 0
3 Press invitation 0 0
4 Others 0 0
Table Number – 2 indicates the nature of information released by Pubic Relation Department.
According to this table 100% of information released is in the form of Press Releases. No Press
rejoinders and Press invitation were issued during of period of study.

25
 TABLE NO – 3: Category of Press Releases issued

S. No Category of Press Releases Number Percentage

1 Academic activities 53 37%
2 Development activities 41 29%
3 Cultural 9 6%
4 Student achievements 19 14%
5 N.S.S. 11 7%
6 Staff achievements 4 3%
7 Review meeting 6 4%
Total = 143 100%
Table No. 3 indicates the category of Press Releases issued by the PR department during the
study period. According to this table majority of the press releases i.e. 53 (37%) belong to the
category of Academic activities followed by the Development activities 41 (28%), Student
achievements 19 (13%), N.S.S activates 11 (7%), Cultural activates 9 (6%), Review meetings 6
(4%) and Staff achievements 4 (2%)
TABLE NO – 4: Percentage of Press Releases with Photo

S. No With photo/ Number Percentage

Without photo
1 With photo 123 86.%
2 without photo 20 14%
Total= 143 100 %

Table No. 4 indicates the percentage of Press Releases issued with photo. According to this table
majority of the press releases 123 (86%) are released along with a photo. Around 20 (14%)
press releases are released without photo.

26
 TABLE NO – 5: Language of Press Releases

S. No Language of Press Releases Number Percentage

1 Telugu 143 100%
2 English 0 0%
3 Telugu-English 0 0.0%

Table No. 5 indicates the language of press releases issued by the PR department. According to
this table all the press releases i.e. 143 (100%) all issued in Telugu only.

TABLE NO – 6: Release of Press Releases to Media

S. No Media Number Percentage

1 Print media 143 100%
2 Electronic media 0 0%
3 Social media 143 100%

Table No. 6 indicates the releases of press release to the Media by the PR department. According
to this table all the press releases 143(100%) are issued to Print Media and Social Media only.

27
 TABLE NO – 7: Maximum Number of Press Release Issued per day

S. No Number of press Number Percentage

releases per day
1 1 35 46%
2 2 24 32%
3 3 9 12%
4 4 7 9%
5 5 1 1%
Total=76 100%

Table No. 7 indicates the maximum number of Press Releases issued by the PR department per
day during the period the study. According to this table one press release per day was issued on
35 days (46%) followed by two press releases on 24 days (32%), three press releases on 9 days
(12%) and four press releases on 7 days (9%) and a maximum of five press releases on 1 day
(1%)

TABLE NO – 8: Number of Press Release per Month

S. No Month Number Percentag

e
1 January 27 19%
2 February 22 16%
3 March 35 24%
4 April 09 6.%
5 May 10 7%
6 June 40 28%
Total =143 100%

Table No. 9 indicates the number of press release issued per month by the PR department A
maximum number of 40 (28%) press releases were issued in the month of June followed by 35
(24%) in March, 27 (19%) in the month of January, 22 (16%) in the month of February, 10 (7%)
in the month of May and 9 press releases (6%).in the month of April

28
 RESULTS

1. The public Relation Department yogi Vemana University issues press release
daily.
2. The majority of the information released by the PR department is press releases.
3. Majority of the press releases issued by the Public Relation Department are related
to academic and development activities.
4. Majority of the press releases are released along with a photo.
5. All the press releases issued by the Public Relation Department are in
Telugu language only.
6. All the press releases are issued to print media and social media simultaneously.
7. Mostly One press release is issued per day followed by 2 are 3 press releases
occasionally.
8. Highest number of press releases issued is in the month of June followed by
March.

29
 DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

1. The Public Relation Department of Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa issues press
releases daily. This indicates that the University releases information regularly
every day. As the university college has more than 28 departments related to
Science, Arts, and Commerce disciplines that engage varies activities every day.
So information is released every day through press releases.
2. The majority information released is in the form of press releases, which indicates
that University enjoys favorable press. Public relation department maintains good
relation and open communication channels with the press hence media has good
access to all the developments in majority of the departments.
3. Majority of the press releases issued are in related to the academic and
development activities. The university campus holds more than 28 departments
which conduct regular academic activities in their respective departments. The
university is young and lot of development activities like infrastructure facilities,
laboratory facilities and other welfare activities are created which get highlighted
more through the press releases.
4. Majority of the press releases are issued with a photo, which indicates effective
communication plan by the Public Relations Department.
5. All the press releases issued by the Public relation department are in Telugu only
and there are no press releases issued bilingually. There is lacuna in the coverage
of university news by the English language newspapers. Issue of press releases
only to Telugu languages restricts the publication of information in Telugu
Newspapers only.
6. The Public Relation Department of Yogi Vemana University issues press releases
simultaneously to Print and social media. This indicates a clear lack of
communication plan to release necessary information to electronic media. Due to
this University is not attracting enough electronic media coverage. Public Relation
Department’s growing emphasis on issue of information to social media indicates
the growing emphasis of social media over electronic media.

30
7. The maximum number of press releases issued by the Public Relation Department
is in the month of June, which indicate the academic year starts in June and more
information regarding admission, counseling etc. is given to the students through
press releases in month of June. In the same manner the second highest press
releases are issued in the month of March which indicates that the ending of the
academic year. More information related to examination schedules, practical’s and
results are given out in the month of March leading to issue of more press releases
in that month.

31
 REFERENCES

Adomi, E.E., Omodeko, F.S., and Otolo, P.U. (2004). The use of cybercafe at Delta State
University, Nigeria," Library Hi Tech 22(4):38-85.
Audu, C. (2006). Internet availability and use by postgraduate students of University of
Nigeria, Nsukka. Global Review of Library & Information Science 2: 34-43
Bailey, W. C„ Sorhaindo, B., & Garman, T. E. (2003). Education Desires of Credit
Counseling Clients. Financial Counselling and Planning, 14 (1). 52-56.
Belch, G. E., and Belch, M. A (2001). Advertising and Promotion: An Integrated
Marketing Communication Perspective, Fifth Edition, Irwin/McGraw-Hill, New
York.
Bell, C., Gorin, D., & Hogarth, J. M. (2009). Does Financial Education Affect Soldiers'
Financial Behavior? Indiana: Networks Financial Institute at Indiana State
University.
Bikker, J. A., Broeders, D., Hollanders, D„ & Ponds, E. (2009). Pension funds' asset
allocation and participant age: a test of the lifecycle model. Netherlands: SSRN.
Caskey, J. P. (2006).
Blaxter, L., Hughes, C., and Tight, M. (2001). How To Research, 2nd Edition, McGraw-
Hill Education, United Kingdom.
Bruning and Ralston (2001). Using a Relational Approach to Retaining Students and
Building Mutually Beneficial Student-University Relationships, Southern
Communication Journal, 66, (4), 337 – 345. 182
Bruning, S. D. andLam be, K. E. (2008). Linking Worldview, Relationship Attitudes,
and Behavioral Outcomes: Implications for the Study and Practice of Public
Relations, Journal of Promotion Management, 14, (3 & 4), 139 – 151.
Can Personal Financial Management Education Promote Asset Accumulation by the
Poor? Indiana: Networks Financial Institute.
CBK. (2009). Bank supervision annual report. Nairobi: Government of Kenya. Cox, P.,
Brammer, S., Millington. A. (2004), "An empirical examination of institutional
investor preferences for corporate social performance". Journal of Business
Ethics, Vol. 52 N o.l, pp.27-42
Clow, E. K. and Baack, D. (2007). Integrated Advertising, Promotion, and Marketing
Communication, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education Inc., Upper Sandle River, New
Jersey.
Cox, P., Brammer, S., Millington, A. (2004). "An empirical examination of institutional
investor preferences for corporate social performance, Journal of Business
Ethics. Vol. 52 No.l. pp.27-42
Cutlip, S. M., Center, A. H. & Broom, G. M. (2006). Effective Public Relations, Pearson
Education International, New Jersey
Denscombe, M. (2007). The Good Research Guide: For Small-Scale Research Projects,
3rd edition, McGraw-Hill Education, England.
DeSanto. B. & Moss. D., (2004). Rediscovering What PR Managers Do: Rethinking the
Measurement of Managerial Behavior on the Public Relations Context. Journal
of Communication Management. Henry Stewart Publication
Education reforms in Ghana (2002). Report of the Education Reform Review
Publications Committee in Ghana, Adwinsa GH, Ltd. Legon-Accra.

32
Eisenhardt, K. M., (1989). Building theories from case study research. Academy of
Management Review, 14:532-550.
Fink, S. (1986). Crisis management: Planning for the inevitable. New \ ork: AMACOM.
Freidson, E. (1994). Professionalism Reborn: Theory. Prophecy and Policy.
Cambridge: Polity Press.
Graves. S.B., Waddock. S.A. (1994\ institutional owner and corporate social
performance", The Academy of Management Journal. Vol. 37 No.4. pp. 1034-46
Grody. A., Grody, D., Kromann. E„ & Sutliff. j. (2008). A Financial Literacy and
Financial Services Program fo r Elementary School Grades:- Results o f a Pilot
Study. New York: Financial Inter Group.
Gross. S. (1984). Public relations prickly relationship with lawyers. Public Relations
Quarterly. 29(1), 25-26.
Grunig and Grunig (2006). The Excellence Theory. In C.H. Botan and V. Hazleton
(Eds), Public Relations Theory II, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, New
Jersey.
Grunig, J.E., (ed.) (1992). Excellence in public relations and communication
management. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Grunig, L.A., Grunig. J.E. & Ehling W.P. (1992). What is an effective organization? In
J.E. Grunig, (ed.) Excellence in Public Relations and Communication
Management. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp. 65-90.
Grunig. J. E. (1992). What is excellence in management? In J.E. Grunig (ed.) Excellence
in Public Relations and Communication Management. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence
Erlbaum Associates, pp. 219-250.
Grunig. J.E. & Doh, F.C. (2005). Strategic management, publics, and issues. In J.E.
Grunig (ed.) Excellence in Public Relations and Communication Management.
Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp. 117-157.
Grunig. J.E. & Doh, F.C. (2005). Strategic management, publics, and issues. In J.E.
Grunig (ed.) Excellence in Public Relations and Communication Management.
Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp. 117—157.
Henderson, S.J. (2002), "The dual credibility model: the influence of corporate and
endorser credibility on attitudes and purchase intentions", Journal of Marketing
Theory & Practice, Vol. 10 N o.l, pp.1-12 76
Herman, M„ & Maniam. B. (2007). Personal Finance E d u c a tio n s Early Stan to A
Secure Future. College leaching Methods & Styles Journal. ( I). 39-45.
Hilgert, M. A., Hogarth. J. M„ & Beverly, S. O. (2003). Household Financial
Management the Connection between Knowledge and Behavior. Reserve
Bulletin. 309-322.
Hira. T. K. (2009). Peisonal Finance: Past, Present and Future. Indiana: Networks
Financial Institute at Indiana State University.
Hon. L. C. (1998). Demonstrating effectiveness in public relations: Goals, objectives,
and evaluation. Journal of Public Relations Research 10(2), 103-135.
Hutton. J. G. (1999). The definition, dimension, and domain of public relations. Public
Relations Review. 2, 199-214. Jo, S. (2003). The portrayal of public relations in
the news media. Mass Communication and Society, (5(4). 397-411.
Jefkins, F. Yadin, D. (2000). Advertising 4th ed. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.
ISBN 0- 273-63435-6.

33
Jobber D. (2001). Principles and Practice of Marketing, 3rd Edition, McGraw-Hill
Publishing Company, London.
Johansen. P. (2001). Professionalization, Building Respectability, and the Birth of the
Canadian Public Relations Society. Journalism Studies. Vol. 2, pp. 55-71.
Johnson, R.A., Greening, D.W. (1999), "The effects of corporate governance and
institutional ownership types on corporate social performance. Academy of
Management Journal, Vol. 42 No.5. pp.564-76
Juma, R. C. (2003). Reasons Why Bank Customers Fail to Service Their Loans m
Kenya: A Data Survey of Standard Chartered Bank. Nairobi: University of
Nairobi, MBA.
Kaverina, E. (2003). The Public Relations Strategy of Alexander Herzen State
Pedagogical University in St. Petersburg: The Dialogue between the Heritage and
the Present of a university. Higher Education in Europe, 28, 455-459.
Kegode, M. (2006). Factors that determine credit worthiness of I isa card holders, a case
study of Kenya Post Office Savings Bank. Nairobi: MBA Project, University of
Nairobi.
Khalil, M.A. (2004). Vision to reality: applications of wireless laptops in accessing
information from digital libraries: end-user viewpoints. Library Hi Tech News
7:25.
Khurana P.Y. Tech, H.Y., Shiu, G.Y. (1990), "Attitudes towards corporate social
responsibility and perceived importance of social responsibility information
characteristics in a decision context", Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 9 No. l.
pp.71-7
Kiranjit. P. (1997). The changing role of public relations and marketing communication.
Public Relations Quarterly, 5(5(1), 42-45.
Kiranjit. P. (2007). The changing role of public relations and marketing communication.
Public Relations Quarterly, 5(5(1), 42-45.
Kitchen, J. E.. & Schultz, L. A. (2002). The relationship between public relations and
marketing in excellent organizations: Evidence from the 1ABC study. Journal of
Marketing Communications, 4, 141-162.
Kotler, P. (2003). Marketing Management, 11th Edition, Prentice- Hall Inc., New Jersey,
United States of America.
Kotler, P. and Mindak, W. (2000). Marketing and public relations – Should they be
partners or rivals? In M. FitzGerald and D. Arnott (eds), Marketing
communications classics, Thomson, London. 183
Kotler, P., Wong, V., Saunders, J. and Armstrong, G. (2005). Principles of Marketing, 4th
edition, Pearson Education Limited, U.S.A. Lancaster, G. (2005). Public
Relations.
Larson. M. S. (1977). The Rise of Professionalism: A Sociological Analysis. Berkeley:
University of California Press.
Laury, S. K. & Holt, C. A. (2005). Further Reflections on Prospect Theory. Georgia State
University, Department of Economics. Experimental Economics Center. Andrew
Young School of Policy Studies.
Lauzen, M. M. & Dozier, D. M. (1994). Issues management mediation of linkage
between environmental complexity and management of the public relations
function. Journal o f Public Relations Research. (5(3), 163-184.

34
Lauzen, M. M. & Dozier. D. M. (1994). The missing link: The public relations manager
role as mediator of organizational environment and power consequences for the
function. Journal of Public Relations Research, 7(4), 205 220.
Lauzen, M. M. (1992). Public relations, intraorganizational power and encroachment.
Journal of Public Relations Research. 4(2), 61-80. 78
Law Society of Kenya (LSK) (2012). Report on the Audit of Nairobi. Mombasa. Thika
and Nakuru Land Registries: An Assessment of the business processes
Lerman. R. I., & Bell, E. (2006). Financial Literacy Strategies: Where Do We Go from
Here. Indiana. Networks Financial Institute at Indiana State University.
Macdonald. K. M. (1995). The Sociology of the Profession. London: Sage
Publications.
M. & Morgan. J. (2000). The Professionalization of Everyone? A Comparative Study of
the Development of the Professions in the United Kingdom and Germany.
European Sociological Review. Vol 16. No. 1, pp. 9-26. Oxford University Press.
Mahoney, L., Roberts, R.W. (2007), "Corporate social performance, and financial
performance and institutional ownership in Canadian firms", Accounting Forum.
Vol. 31 pp.233-53
Miles, M., and Huberman, H. (1994). Qualitative data analysis. Sage, Thousand Oaks:
Sage Publications, CA.
Mitroff, I. I. & Kilmann. R. H. (1984). Corporate tragedies: Product tampering,
sabotage, and other catastrophes. New York: Praeger.
Moore, F. H. and Kalupa, F. B. (2007). Public Relations: Principles, Cases and Problems,
Surjeet publications, Kolhapur Road, Kamla, Delhi, India.
Moss. D. & Green, R. (2001). Re-examining the manager's role in public relations: What
management and public relations research teaches us. Journal of Communication
Management, 6(2), 118-132.
Moss. D. & Green. R. (2001). Re-examining the manager's role in public relations: What
management and public relations research teaches us. Journal of Communication
Management. 6(2), 118-132.
Murray, L. (2002). Public Relations and Communication Management: Suitable Subjects
for Management Education? J o u r n a l o f C o m m u n i c a t i o n M a n a g e
m e n t . V o l. 7, (1). pp. 9-13.
Mutie, C. M. (2006). Credit Scoring Practices* and Non-performing Loans in the
Kenyan Commercial Banks. Nairobi: University of Nairobi, MBA. 79 Neal.
Nakra, P. (2000). Corporate Reputation Management: “CRM” with a Strategic Twist?
Public Relations Quarterly 45 (2),35-42.
National School Public Relations Association (2010). Educational Public Relations.
Retrieved December 28, 2010 from http://www.nspra.org/getting_started
Newsom, D., Turk, J. V., and Kruckeberg, D. (2004). This is Public Relations:
The realities of public relations, 8th edition, Wadsworth, Belmont, CA.
O'Dwyer (2005). The social psychology of organizations. New York: John Wiley and
Sons.
Ojedokun, A.A. and Owolabi, E.O. (2003). "Internet access competence and the use of
the Internet for teaching and research activities by university of Botswana
academic staff," African Journal of Library, Archives and Information Science,
13(1):43-53.

35
Okumu, J. (2004). factors considered important hy individual investors in investing in
shares of quoted companies at the NSE. Nairobi: University of Nairobi. MBA.
Palmer, A. (2000). Principles of Marketing, Oxford University Press Inc., United States
of America.
Pauchant, T. C. & Mitroff. I. I. (1992). Transforming the crisis-prone organization. San
Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Pearce. J. E., & Grunig, L. A. (2000). Public relations in strategic management and
strategic management of public relations: Theory and evidence from the IABC
Excellence project. Journalism Studies, 7(2), 303-321.
Peyronel, A. and awniczak, R. (2000). The Role of Senior Public Relations
Administrators in Institutional Decision Making: Are They at the Table? Journal
of Marketing for Higher Education,9, (4), 25 – 35.
Piro ek, P. and Heskov, M. (2003). Approaches to And Instruments of Public Relations:
Higher Education in the Czech Republic, Higher Education in Europe, 28, ( 4) ,
487 – 494
Rubin, H. J., and Rubin, I. S. (2005). Qualitative Interviewing: The Art of Hearing Data,
Second Edition Thousand Oaks, Sage, CA.
Rutledge, S. L. (2010). Consumer Protection and Financial Literacy: Lessons from Nine
Countries. Finance and Private Sector Department. Europe and Central Asia:
World Bank. Slater. D. W. (1997). Organizational crisis experience and public
relations roles. Public Relations Review, 2/(2), 123-136.
Sriramesh. K„ Grunig, J. E.& Dozier, D. M. (1984). Observation and measurement of
two dimensions of organizational culture and their relations to public relations.
Journal of Public Relations Research, 5(4). 229-261.
Sriramesh. K„ Grunig, J. E. & Dozier. D. M. (1984). Observation and measurement of
two dimensions of organizational culture and their relation to public relations.
Journal o f Public Relations Research, # (4), 229-261. 80
Sriramesh. S. A. (2004). Influence on the power of public relations professionals in
organizations: A case study. Journal of Public Relations Research, 5(1). 1 -25.
Sriramesh. S. A. (2004). Influence on the power of public relations professionals in
organizations: A case study. Journal of Public Relations Research. 5(1). 1 -25.
Tan. W.-K... & Ming-Ming, L. (2009). An Empirical Analysis of Personal Financial
Planning in an emerging economy. European Journal of Economics. Finance and
Administrative Sciences (16), 102-116.
Tengilimoglu, D., Yesiltas, M., Kisa, A. and Dziegielewski, S. F (2008). The role of
public relations activities in hospital choice, Health Marketing Quarterly, 24, (3
& 4), 19 – 31. 184
Wells, W. Burnet, J. Moriarty, S. (2009). Advertising: Principles and Practice, 6th
edition, Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi.
Wilcox, E. & Nolte. B, (1995) Public relations kit for dummies: A reference for the rest
of us. New York: IDG Books Worldwide. Inc.
Wright K. D. and Hinson D. M (2010). How New Communications Media are used in
Public Relations: A Longitudinal Analysis. Public Relations Journal 4 (3), 60-66.
Yin, R. K. (2004). Case Study Research: Design and Methods, 3rd ed., Sage
Publications Thousand Oaks, CA. Yumba, D. (1997). Internet in the library:

36
 potentials. African Journal of Library, Archives and Information Science
7(2):163-168.
Zainhofer. F. (2006). Life Cycle Portfolio Choice: a Swiss Perspective. Switzerland:
Fribourg University.
Zickmund G. W. (2003). Business Research Method (Seventh Edition). Mason.
Thomson Southwestern.

37
 APPENDICES - Content analysis- Code Sheet

S.N MONT DATE PRESS CATEGORY PHOTOS NO. PRESS P.M & E.M
O H RELEASES OF &
YES& RELEAS
PHOT ES S.M
NO OS
LANGUA
GE

1 January 03-01-202 Press releases Cultural Yes 4 Telugu Print media

3

2 January 04-01-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 2 Telugu Print media
3

3 January 05-01-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 5 Telugu Print media
3

4 January 06-01-202 Press releases Development activities No - Telugu Print media

3

5 January 06-01-202 Press releases Student achievements Yes 4 Telugu Print media
3

6 January 06-01-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 6 Telugu Print media
3

7 January 07-01-202 Press releases Cultural Yes 5 Telugu Print media

3

8 January 07-01-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 10 Telugu Print media
3

9 January 08-01-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 5 Telugu Print media
3

10 January 09-01-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 14 Telugu Print media
3

11 January 09-01-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 1 Telugu Print media
3

12 January 10-01-202 Press releases N.S.S. Yes 1 Telugu Print media

3

13 January 10-01-202 Press releases Student achievements Yes 2 Telugu Print media
3

14 January 10-01-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 2 Telugu Print media
3

38
15 January 18-01-202 Press releases Cultural Yes 2 Telugu Print media
3

16 January 19-01-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 17 Telugu Print media
3

17 January 19-01-202 Press releases Academic activities No - Telugu Print media

3

18 January 20-01-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 8 Telugu Print media
3

19 January 21-01-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 2 Telugu Print media
3

20 January 21-01-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 28 Telugu Print media
3

21 January 23-01-202 Press releases Student achievements Yes 2 Telugu Print media
3

22 January 25-01-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 5 Telugu Print media
3

23 January 25-01-202 Press releases Academic activities No - Telugu Print media

3

24 January 26-01-202 Press releases Cultural Yes 8 Telugu Print media

3

25 January 28-01-202 Press releases Academic activities No - Telugu Print media

3

26 January 31-01-202 Press releases Student achievements Yes 2 Telugu Print media
3

27 January 31-01-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 3 Telugu Print media
3

28 Februar 03-02-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 3 Telugu Print media
y 3

29 Februar 03-02-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 9 Telugu Print media
y 3

30 Februar 04-02-202 Press releases Staff achievements Yes 3 Telugu Print media
y 3

31 Februar 04-02-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 3 Telugu Print media
y 3

32 Februar 04-02-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 3 Telugu Print media
y 3

39
33 Februar 04-02-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 4 Telugu Print media
y 3

34 Februar 06-02-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 9 Telugu Print media
y 3

35 Februar 08-02-202 Press releases Student achievements Yes 2 Telugu Print media
y 3

36 Februar 13-02-202 Press releases Student achievements No - Telugu Print media

y 3

37 Februar 15-02-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 2 Telugu Print media
y 3

38 Februar 15-02-202 Press releases N.S.S. Yes 2 Telugu Print media

y 3

39 Februar 15-02-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 3 Telugu Print media
y 3

40 Februar 15-02-202 Press releases Cultural Yes 11 Telugu Print media

y 3

41 Februar 15-02-202 Press releases Staff achievements No - Telugu Print media

y 3

42 Februar 16-02-202 Press releases N.S.S. Yes 3 Telugu Print media

y 3

43 Februar 17-02-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 9 Telugu Print media
y 3

44 Februar 17-02-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 4 Telugu Print media
y 3

45 Februar 21-02-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 5 Telugu Print media
y 3

46 Februar 23-02-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 1 Telugu Print media
y 3

47 Februar 23-02-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 1 Telugu Print media
y 3

48 Februar 27-02-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 7 Telugu Print media
y 3

49 Februar 27-02-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 5 Telugu Print media
y 3

50 March 01-03-202 Press releases Student achievements Yes 2 Telugu Print media
3

40
51 March 01-03-202 Press releases Staff achievements No - Telugu Print media
3

52 March 02-03-202 Press releases Cultural Yes 18 Telugu Print media

3

53 March 03-03-202 Press releases Review meeting Yes 7 Telugu Print media
3

54 March 03-03-202 Press releases Student achievements Yes 4 Telugu Print media
3

55 March 03-03-202 Press releases Student achievements Yes 5 Telugu Print media
3

56 March 04-03-202 Press releases Student achievements Yes 6 Telugu Print media
3

57 March 04-03-202 Press releases Student achievements Yes 7 Telugu Print media
3

58 March 07-03-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 5 Telugu Print media
3

59 March 07-03-202 Press releases Cultural Yes 2 Telugu Print media

3

60 March 07-03-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 6 Telugu Print media
3

61 March 07-03-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 15 Telugu Print media
3

62 March 09-03-202 Press releases Review meeting Yes 4 Telugu Print media
3

63 March 14-03-202 Press releases Academic activities No - Telugu Print media

3

64 March 14-03-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 3 Telugu Print media
3

65 March 15-03-202 Press releases N.S.S. Yes 3 Telugu Print media

3

66 March 17-03-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 6 Telugu Print media
3

67 March 17-03-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 6 Telugu Print media
3

68 March 19-03-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 6 Telugu Print media
3

41
69 March 21-03-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 4 Telugu Print media
3

70 March 21-03-202 Press releases Staff achievements Yes 3 Telugu Print media
3

71 March 23-03-202 Press releases Student achievements No - Telugu Print media

3

72 March 23-03-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 2 Telugu Print media
3

73 March 23-03-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 5 Telugu Print media
3

74 March 26-03-202 Press releases Development activities No - Telugu Print media

3

75 March 27-03-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 2 Telugu Print media
3

76 March 27-03-202 Press releases Cultural Yes 4 Telugu Print media

3

77 March 27-03-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 9 Telugu Print media
3

78 March 27-03-202 Press releases Academic activities No - Telugu Print media

3

79 March 28-03-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 1 Telugu Print media
3

80 March 28-03-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 5 Telugu Print media
3

81 March 29-03-202 Press releases N.S.S. Yes 5 Telugu Print media

3

82 March 31-03-202 Press releases N.S.S. Yes 2 Telugu Print media

3

83 March 31-03-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 2 Telugu Print media
3

84 March 31-03-202 Press releases Academic activities No - Telugu Print media

3

85 March 31-03-202 Press releases Student achievements Yes 1 Telugu Print media
3

86 April 04-04-202 Press releases Student achievements Yes 2 Telugu Print media
3

42
87 April 04-04-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 4 Telugu Print media
3

88 April 04-04-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 6 Telugu Print media
3

89 April 04-04-202 Press releases Student achievements Yes 2 Telugu Print media
3

90 April 05-04-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 2 Telugu Print media
3

91 April 05-04-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 1 Telugu Print media
3

92 April 06-04-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 3 Telugu Print media
3

93 April 09-04-202 Press releases Cultural Yes 2 Telugu Print media

3

April 10-04-202 Press releases Academic activities No - Telugu Print media

94 3

95 May 22-05-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 4 Telugu Print media
3

96 May 23-05-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 3 Telugu Print media
3

97 May 23-05-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 5 Telugu Print media
3

98 May 25-05-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 1 Telugu Print media
3

99 May 27-05-202 Press releases Student achievements Yes 4 Telugu Print media
3

10 May 29-05-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 3 Telugu Print media
0 3

10 May 30-05-202 Press releases Student achievements Yes 1 Telugu Print media
1 3

10 May 31-05-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 1 Telugu Print media
2 3

10 May 31-05-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 2 Telugu Print media
3 3

43
10 May 31-05-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 1 Telugu Print media
4 3

10 June 01-06-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 4 Telugu Print media
5 3

10 June 01-06-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 3 Telugu Print media
6 3

10 June 01-06-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 4 Telugu Print media
7 3

10 June 02-06-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 4 Telugu Print media
8 3

10 June 05-06-202 Press releases N.S.S. Yes 8 Telugu Print media

9 3

11 June 05-06-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 3 Telugu Print media
0 3

11 June 06-06-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 9 Telugu Print media
1 3

11 June 08-06-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 4 Telugu Print media
2 3

11 June 08-06-202 Press releases Review meeting Yes 4 Telugu Print media
3 3

11 June 09-06-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 3 Telugu Print media
4 3

11 June 09-06-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 4 Telugu Print media
5 3

11 June 12-06-202 Press releases Review meeting Yes 4 Telugu Print media
6 3

11 June 13-06-202 Press releases Academic activities No - Telugu Print media

7 3

11 June 14-06-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 2 Telugu Print media
8 3

11 June 14-06-202 Press releases Student achievements Yes 8 Telugu Print media
9 3

12 June 16-06-202 Press releases Student achievements Yes 1 Telugu Print media
0 3

12 June 19-06-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes - Telugu Print media
1 3

44
12 June 19-06-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 12 Telugu Print media
2 3

12 June 19-06-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 4 Telugu Print media
3 3

12 June 19-06-202 Press releases Academic activities No - Telugu Print media

4 3

12 June 20-06-202 Press releases Academic activities No - Telugu Print media

5 3

12 June 20-06-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 1 Telugu Print media
6 3

1 June 20-06-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 3 Telugu Print media
2 3
7

1 June 21-06-202 Press releases Development activities No - Telugu Print media

2 3
8

1 June 21-06-202 Press releases Review meeting Yes 5 Telugu Print media
2 3
9

1 June 21-06-202 Press releases N.S.S. No - Telugu Print media

3 3
0

1 June 22-06-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 3 Telugu Print media
3 3
1

1 June 23-06-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 4 Telugu Print media
3 3
2

1 June 23-06-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 8 Telugu Print media
3 3
3

1 June 23-06-202 Press releases N.S.S. No - Telugu Print media

3 3
4

1 June 23-06-202 Press releases Review meeting Yes 7 Telugu Print media
3 3
5

45
1 June 24-06-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 4 Telugu Print media
3 3
6

1 June 27-06-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 4 Telugu Print media
3 3
7

1 June 27-06-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 4 Telugu Print media
3 3
8

1 June 27-06-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 2 Telugu Print media
3 3
9

1 June 28-06-202 Press releases Academic activities Yes 2 Telugu Print media
4 3
0

1 June 28-06-202 Press releases N.S.S. Yes 4 Telugu Print media

4 3
1

1 June 30-06-202 Press releases Development activities Yes 3 Telugu Print media
4 3
2

1 June 30-06-202 Press releases N.S.S. Yes 3 Telugu Print media

4 3
3

46