CLINICS-D-22-00572_Supplementary Material

Search strategy
Table S1 Search strategy in different databases.

PUBMED (5/1/2022)
#1 remdesivir 2,687
"remdesivir"[Supplementary Concept] OR "remdesivir"[All Fields]

#2 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((coronavirus[Title/Abstract]) OR ("corona 260,708

virus"[Title/Abstract])) OR (coronavirinae[Title/Abstract])) OR
(coronaviridae[Title/Abstract])) OR (betacoronavirus[Title/Abstract])) OR
(covid19[Title/Abstract])) OR ("covid 19"[Title/Abstract])) OR
(nCoV[Title/Abstract])) OR ("CoV 2"[Title/Abstract])) OR (CoV2[Title/Abstract]))
OR (sarscov2[Title/Abstract])) OR (SARS-CoV-2[Title/Abstract])) OR
(2019nCoV[Title/Abstract])) OR ("novel CoV"[Title/Abstract])) OR ("wuhan
virus"[Title/Abstract])) OR ((wuhan[Title/Abstract] OR hubei[Title/Abstract] OR
huanan[Title/Abstract]) AND ( "severe acute respiratory"[Title/Abstract] OR
pneumonia [Title/Abstract]) AND (outbreak[Title/Abstract])) ) OR (2019 novel
coronavirus disease[Title/Abstract])) OR (COVID-19 pandemic[Title/Abstract])) OR
(2019 novel coronavirus infection[Title/Abstract])) OR (2019-nCoV
infection[Title/Abstract])) OR (coronavirus disease 2019[Title/Abstract])) OR
(coronavirus disease-19[Title/Abstract])) OR (2019-nCoV disease[Title/Abstract]))
OR (COVID-19 virus infection[Title/Abstract])) OR (covid-19[MeSH Terms])) OR
(sars-cov-2[MeSH Terms])) OR (COVID-19[Supplementary Concept])) OR (severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2[Supplementary Concept])
"coronavirus"[Title/Abstract] OR "corona virus"[Title/Abstract] OR
"coronavirinae"[Title/Abstract] OR "coronaviridae"[Title/Abstract] OR
"betacoronavirus"[Title/Abstract] OR "covid19"[Title/Abstract] OR
"COVID-19"[Title/Abstract] OR "nCoV"[Title/Abstract] OR "CoV 2"[Title/Abstract] OR
"CoV2"[Title/Abstract] OR "sarscov2"[Title/Abstract] OR "SARS-CoV-2"[Title/Abstract]
OR "2019nCoV"[Title/Abstract] OR "novel CoV"[Title/Abstract] OR "wuhan
virus"[Title/Abstract] OR (("wuhan"[Title/Abstract] OR "hubei"[Title/Abstract] OR
"huanan"[Title/Abstract]) AND ("severe acute respiratory"[Title/Abstract] OR
"pneumonia"[Title/Abstract]) AND "outbreak"[Title/Abstract]) OR "2019 novel
coronavirus disease"[Title/Abstract] OR "covid 19 pandemic"[Title/Abstract] OR "2019
novel coronavirus infection"[Title/Abstract] OR "2019 ncov infection"[Title/Abstract] OR
"coronavirus disease 2019"[Title/Abstract] OR "coronavirus disease 19"[Title/Abstract]
OR "2019 ncov disease"[Title/Abstract] OR "covid 19 virus infection"[Title/Abstract] OR
"COVID-19"[MeSH Terms] OR "SARS-CoV-2"[MeSH Terms] OR "COVID-
19"[Supplementary Concept] OR "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
2"[Supplementary Concept]

#3 (((((((((((randomized controlled trial[Publication Type]) OR (controlled clinical 3,689,700

trial[Publication Type])) OR (randomized[Title/Abstract])) OR
(randomly[Title/Abstract])) OR (trial[Title/Abstract])) OR (placebo[Title/Abstract]))
OR (groups[Title/Abstract])) OR (drug therapy[Title/Abstract]) ) OR (clinical trials
as topic[MeSH Terms])) OR (controlled clinical trials as topic[MeSH Terms])) OR
(controlled clinical trials, randomized[MeSH Terms])) OR (randomized controlled
trials as topic[MeSH Terms])
"randomized controlled trial"[Publication Type] OR "controlled clinical trial"[Publication
Type] OR "randomized"[Title/Abstract] OR "randomly"[Title/Abstract] OR
 "trial"[Title/Abstract] OR "placebo"[Title/Abstract] OR "groups"[Title/Abstract] OR "drug
therapy"[Title/Abstract] OR "clinical trials as topic"[MeSH Terms] OR "controlled clinical
trials as topic"[MeSH Terms] OR "randomized controlled trials as topic"[MeSH Terms]
OR "randomized controlled trials as topic"[MeSH Terms]

#4 #1 AND #2 AND #3 615

Cochrane CENTRAL (5/1/2022)
#1 Remdesivir 320
#2 (2019 novel coronavirus disease):ti,ab,kw 417
#3 COVID19 607
#4 COVID 19 10411
#5 COVID-19 10380
#6 SARS-CoV-2 441
#7 coronavirus 2019 4036
#8 COVID-19 virus disease 1482
#9 2019 novel coronavirus infection 265
#10 coronavirus disease 2019 3895
#11 coronavirus disease-19 85
#12 COVID-19 virus infection 1296
#13 #2 OR #3 OR #4 OR #5 OR #6 OR #7 OR #8 OR #9 OR #10 OR #11 OR #12 10781
#14 #1 AND #13 310

Web of Science (5/1/2022)

#1 TS=(remdesivir) 2,356
#2 ((((((((((((((TS=(coronavirus)) OR TS=(covid)) OR TS=(Covid19)) OR TS=(ncov)) 306,193
OR TS=((SARS
NEAR/3 COV))) OR TI=("novel coron*virus")) OR TI=(2019*ncoV)) OR
TS=(2019ncov)) OR TS=((CORON*VIRUS NEAR/3 (OUTBREAK OR pandemic
OR 2019 OR new OR novel)))) OR TS=(coronavirinae)) OR TS=(coronaviridae))
OR
TS=(betacoronavirus)) OR TS=(SarS2)) OR TS=(COV2)) OR TS=(”corona
pandemic”)
#3 TS=((((((clinical near trial* or controlled near trial* or crossover or “cross over”) or 2,865,536
((single* or doubl* or trebl* or tripl*) near (blind* or mask*)) or (singleblind* or
doubleblind* or trebleblind* or tripleblind* or placebo* or random*))))))
#4 #1 AND #2 AND #3 642
bioRxiv and medRxiv (5/1/2022)
#1 (Covid OR coV2 OR coronavirus OR “sars cov” OR ncov) AND (remdesivir) 1047

Scopus (2/15/2022)
#1 TITLE-ABS-KEY(coronavir* OR "corona virus" OR "corona pandemic" OR 2,911
betacoronavir* OR covid19 OR covid OR ncov OR "CoV 2" OR coV2 OR sarscoV2
OR sarS2 OR 2019ncov OR "novel CoV" OR "wuhan virus") OR TITLE-ABS-
KEY(sars AND cov) OR TITLE-ABS-KEY(wuhan OR hubei OR huanan) OR TITLE-
ABS-KEY( "severe acute respiratory" OR pneumonia*) OR TITLE-ABS-
KEY(outbreak*) AND TITLE-ABS-KEY(remdesivir) AND (INDEXTERMS( "clinical
trial" OR "controlled trial" OR "random allocation" OR "Double-Blind" OR "Single-
Blind" OR "Cross-Over" OR "crossover" OR "multicenter study" OR "randomization"
OR "controlled study" OR "placebo" ) OR TITLE-ABS-KEY ( "clinical trial" OR
"controlled trial" OR "random allocation" OR "randomize" OR "randomise" OR
"randomly allocated" OR "allocated randomly" OR "Double-Blind" OR "Single-Blind"
OR "Cross-Over" OR "crossover" OR "Placebo" ) OR TITLE-ABS ( clinical trial* OR
trial* OR rct* OR random* OR blind* ))
 Table S2 Certainty of evidence assessment

Import
Certainty assessment № of patients Effect Certainty
ance

placebo
№ Absol
Risk Other /
of Study Inconsiste Indirect Impreci Remdes Relative ute
of considerat standar
stud design ncy ness sion ivir (95% CI) (95%
bias ions d of
ies CI)
care

Serious adverse event

4 randomi serio not serious not seriousb none RR 0.71 1 ⨁⨁◯ CRITIC
sed usa serious (0.43 to fewer AL
trials 1.18) per ◯
1,000 Low
(from
1
fewer
to 0
fewer)

Any adverse events of AKI

4 randomi serio not serious not seriousb none RR 0.83 1 ⨁⨁◯ CRITIC
sed usa serious (0.52 to fewer AL
trials 1.33) per ◯
1,000 Low
(from
1
fewer
to 1
fewer)

Effect of remdesivir 10-day course vs remdesivir 5-day course on any AKI

2 randomi very not serious not seriousb none RR 3.18 3 ⨁◯◯

sed serio serious (1.16 to fewer
trials usc 8.73) per ◯
1,000 Very low
(from
9
fewer
to 1
fewer)

CI: confidence interval; RR: risk ratio

Explanations
a. Downgraded by one level since >50% of studies were at some concern for risk of bias

b. downgraded by one level for imprecision since 95% CI includes important benefit/harm (SRR <0.75 and/or >1.25(

c. Both two studies were at high risk of bias or some concern

Figure S1. Risk of bias graph.