Republic of the Philippines

North Eastern Mindanao State University

Rosario, Tandag City, Surigao del Sur 8300
Telefax No. 086-214-4221
Website: www.nemsu.edu.ph

“A comparison of the effects of team and individual

sports on the psychological well being of BPED students
at North Eastern Mindanao State University”

In the Partial fulfillment

of the requirements to the degree of

Research in Physical Education

Researcher:

Diether T. Espinoza
 Republic of the Philippines
North Eastern Mindanao State University
Rosario, Tandag City, Surigao del Sur 8300
Telefax No. 086-214-4221
Website: www.nemsu.edu.ph

Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Introduction

Individual sports and team sports can have varied effects on the psychological
health of BPED students. As students are entirely accountable for their performance,
individual sports may sometimes result in increased pressure and stress, which could
have an adverse effect on students’ confidence and sense of self-worth. In individual
sports, the nervousness of defeat can be tremendous. Team sports, on the other hand,
provide an entourage of supporters through collaborative responsibilities and mutual
respect, which can enhance overall mental health by minimizing stress and generating a
feeling of friendship. Team relationships, however, can also result in obstacles, such as
disagreements among teammates or performance-related anxiety associated to not
disappointing the team.

This study firmly believe that you don’t need to demonstrate that you’re the best
among your peers because sports aren’t about winning, it’s about believing in yourself
and always keeping on the mind that just enjoy the game, as Mike Singletary said, “Do
you know what my favorite part of the game is? The opportunity to play.” Because it’s
about achieving satisfaction through exerting effort and improving abilities and
expertise, it’s one of the fundamental ideas of athletics that we are responsible for the
actions we take. Sportsmanship is important in every activity, therefore resist the urge
to feel resentful if you lose the game. Be responsible and respectful because when
people see you, your humility will be able to shine.

After this study, I will be able to achieve it findings. I can help the BPED students
by emphasizing the importance of psychological health for sports. By giving it attention,
we may reduce and control our levels of stress. The setting of the events, where we can
observe the BPE students’ effort and development, also refers to the surrounding
environment in which students learning.
 Republic of the Philippines
North Eastern Mindanao State University
Rosario, Tandag City, Surigao del Sur 8300
Telefax No. 086-214-4221
Website: www.nemsu.edu.ph

Theoretical/Conceptual Framework

Self-Determination Theory (SDT) as its primary theoretical framework. SDT,

developed by Deci and Ryan (1985), posits that individuals have innate psychological
needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness. In the context of this research,
autonomy refers to the ability of BPED students to choose between team and individual
sports, competence relates to their perceived proficiency in these activities, and
relatedness pertains to the social connections and support systems within each sport.
This conceptual framework offers an instrument through which one can investigate the
way participating in team or individual sports fulfills these psychological necessities
and consequently impacts the students’ overall well-being.

Additionally, this study draws upon the Transactional Model of Stress and Coping
(Lazarus & Folkman, 1984) to understand how stressors related to sports participation
can influence the psychological well-being of BPED students. It postulates that
individuals engage in primary appraisal (evaluating the significance of the stressor) and
secondary appraisal (assessing their ability to cope with it) when faced with stressors.
In the context of this research, participating in team or individual sports may present
different stressors (e.g., competition, teamwork dynamics) that BPED students appraise
differently. Their coping mechanisms and subsequent psychological well-being
outcomes will be examined within this framework.

Furthermore, the study incorporates the Social Identity Theory (Tajfel & Turner,
1986) to explore the role of group identity and affiliation in team sports versus individual
sports. This theory suggests that individuals derive a part of their self-concept from the
social groups to which they belong. In the context of this research, BPED students
engaging in team sports may experience a stronger sense of group identity, leading to
potential psychological benefits in terms of social support and belongingness.
Comparatively, those participating in individual sports may have a more self-focused
identity. By employing these theoretical frameworks, this study aims to provide a
comprehensive analysis of how team and individual sports influence the psychological
 Republic of the Philippines
North Eastern Mindanao State University
Rosario, Tandag City, Surigao del Sur 8300
Telefax No. 086-214-4221
Website: www.nemsu.edu.ph

well-being of BPED students at North Eastern Mindanao State University.

 Republic of the Philippines
North Eastern Mindanao State University
Rosario, Tandag City, Surigao del Sur 8300
Telefax No. 086-214-4221
Website: www.nemsu.edu.ph

A comparison of the
effects of team and
individual sports on the
psychological well
being
Socio-demographic
 Mental Individual and Team
Profile of the sports Seminars and
 Social
training.
Respondent  Physical

 Emotional

Figure no. 1 schematic diagram of the study

 Republic of the Philippines
North Eastern Mindanao State University
Rosario, Tandag City, Surigao del Sur 8300
Telefax No. 086-214-4221
Website: www.nemsu.edu.ph

Statement of the problem

The effect of various sporting activities on students pursuing a Bachelor of

Physical Education (BPED) degree has drawn increasing attention in the field of physical
education in recent years. This topic is especially relevant at North Eastern Mindanao
State University because of the growing emphasis on holistic development and well-
being among students as a whole.

The choice between team sports and individual sports is a key component of our
study. As part of their curriculum, students in the BPED program participate in a variety
of physical activities, but little is recognized about the specific psychological
consequences of team sports as opposed to individual sports. By investigating how
these various types of physical activity affect BPED students’ psychological wellbeing,
this study attempts to address this knowledge a state of nothing.

To acquire a thorough understanding of how team and individual sports affect the
psychological health of BPED students, the inquiry will look into aspects including
confidence, levels of stress, enthusiasm, and interactions with others. The findings of
this study will not only advance the field of physical education but will also offer
fascinating details that may steer the development of courses and support systems
that will contribute to the overall well-being of students at North Eastern Mindanao
State University.

 Are there any gender differences between BPED students at NEMSU in the
psychological impact of engaging in team sports as opposed to individual sports?

 Are there any distinct psychological advantages or disadvantages associated

with participating in either team or individual sports for these students?

 What aspects of BPED students’ psychological health may be influenced by

playing team sports at NEMSU?

 How do BPED students at NEMSU who play team sports and those who play
 Republic of the Philippines
North Eastern Mindanao State University
Rosario, Tandag City, Surigao del Sur 8300
Telefax No. 086-214-4221
Website: www.nemsu.edu.ph

individual sports differ in terms of psychological well-being?

Hypothesis

The hypothesis will be raised in the study and tested for its level of significance.

H¹: North Eastern Mindanao State University, there is a noticeable difference

between the psychological health of BPED students who participate in team sports and
those who do so individually.

Significance of the Study

First off, it deals with a pertinent and highly contentious issue in the fields of
physical education and sports psychology. The decision to examine how team and
individual sports affect BPED (Bachelor of Physical Education) students’ psychological
wellbeing is particularly important since it can reveal whether type of sports
participation may have a greater beneficial influence on students’ mental health.

The study’s focus on North Eastern Mindanao State University, a single academic
institution, also offers specialized insights that can be beneficial to both the university
and the academic community as a whole. The research can provide helpful suggestions
for the creation of curriculum, extracurricular endeavors, and support services for
learners by examining the experiences and wellbeing of BPED students in this specific
circumstances.

The results of this study may also influence practices and policies in schools that
pertain to programs for physical education and sports. It may be possible to develop
more specialized and successful strategies to support students’ mental health and
general academic success if it is known whether team or individual sports have a
greater effect on psychological well-being. In conclusion, this study has the potential to
aid BPED students at North Eastern Mindanao State University and perhaps other
comparable institutions globally by offering insightful findings that could enhance their
educational and overall well-being.
 Republic of the Philippines
North Eastern Mindanao State University
Rosario, Tandag City, Surigao del Sur 8300
Telefax No. 086-214-4221
Website: www.nemsu.edu.ph

Scope of limitation

First off, the choice of a particular university and the student population may
constrain the study’s potential reach. The results might not apply to other colleges or
student demographics because the study only includes BPED students at North Eastern
Mindanao State University. This can restrict the study’s findings’ validity outside the
study and their usefulness in a wider context.

Second, the research depends on expressed metrics to gauge one’s mental health,
which might result in inaccuracy due to response or social desirability. Basically, less
precise information may result from participants responding based on what they think
is expected rather than on how they actually experience. Furthermore, the depth of the
study’s findings may be constrained by the fact that personal information might not
accurately represent all aspects of psychological well-being.

Finally, because the study contrasted team and individual sports, it is possible that
additional variables that caused confusion, such as prior experience, individual
preferences, or outside pressures, went unaccounted for. It can be difficult to account
for every significant component, thus the study’s conclusions and suggestions may
need to take this restriction into account. Overall, acknowledging and resolving these
limitations is essential to upholding the reliability and integrity of the research.
 Republic of the Philippines
North Eastern Mindanao State University
Rosario, Tandag City, Surigao del Sur 8300
Telefax No. 086-214-4221
Website: www.nemsu.edu.ph

Define of terms

 Psychological well-being: encompasses an individual’s mental and emotional

state. In the context of this research proposal, it may include factors such as
stress levels, self-esteem, self-confidence, and overall mental health.

 Team Sports: Team sports refer to athletic activities in which individuals work
collaboratively as part of a group or team to achieve common goals. Examples
include basketball, soccer, and volleyball.

 Individual Sports: Individual sports, on the other hand, are athletic activities in
which participants compete on their own without reliance on a team. These
sports emphasize personal skill, technique, and self-reliance. Examples include
tennis, swimming, and track and field events.