Project Report
Project Report
Project Report
Submitted to:
C.Vairavel
Submitted By:
Sindiso Takawira Gondo, Neema Julius, Elizabeth Richard
NAME
University Enrollment Number
18021040163, 18021040172, 18021040166
SCHOOL OF COMPUTING SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
Galgotias University, Greater Noida
May 2020
DECLARATION
We hereby declare that this project has been written by us and as a record of my own
research work. It has not been presented in any previous application for a high degree of
this or any other University. All citations and sources of information are clearly
acknowledged by means of references
I.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We also would like to take the chances to thank my Supervisor Mr. C.Vairavel, who was
the light that we use in the darkness.
Also we will like to appreciate the effort of University Professors who guided me to the
right way. They have been the most helpful to me and supports me in times of need.
Finally, we would like to thank the University and its staff that provide us a perfect
environment and good facility for me to carry out this whole project.
Sindiso Gondo
Neema Julius
Elizabeth Richard
II.
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Abstract
Airline reservation system is a modern way and improved method in which clients can
easily access all information about flights without manual efforts. Most people now days
travel by means of air, hence this project aims at simplifying their needs by offering a
wide range of airlines and timings where they can choose from and book their travels.
The online reservation system gives all details of flight schedules, cost, time, seats and
check-in details making it easier for the traveler The outcome was implemented using
programming languages like JavaScript, html, and database management system
{Mysql}, this improved method will help solve the manual system drawbacks which
included time consuming and other manual errors. Hence it is more efficient
III.
II.
List of Figures
IV.
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Table of contents
Declaration...................................................................................................................... i
Acknowledgements..........................................................................................................ii
Abstract ...........................................................................................................................iii
List of figures……………………………………………………………………………iv
2.2 REQUIREMENTS.............................................................................................. 3
2.3 FEASIBILITY......................................................................................................4
2.3.2TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY.................................................................. 6
2.3.3BEHAVIOR FEASIBILITY……………………………………….……6
3.1 SDLC…………………………………………………………………………….8
6.1 LIMITATIONS……..…………………….………………………………….36
6.3 CONCLUSION…………………………………………..…………………..37
REFERENCES…………………………………………….………………..…………3
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Airline reservation system is a platform that is designed to meet the demand of customers
and clients that are booking a particular flight online to a certain destination. The main
purpose of this software application is to reduce incorrect information given out to airline
technicians such as dates of departure or arrival due to language barriers and
misunderstanding. This online platform will make it convenient for customers and
potential clients to book a flight at any point of time.
The users will also have the right to modify the flight details, make a new reservation,
view flight schedule, and also to cancel the flight as per their wishes.
Furthermore, Airline reservation system contains details of the flight such as flight costs,
passenger reservations and ticket datasheet records added to its database. Customers do
not have to visit at the airline office to make a traveling reservation. This software was
designed to eliminate the old manual system and to implement artificial based
technology. The system is user friendly software that no formal education or profession is
needed to make use it.
Airline reservation system provides alternatives for watching identical and non-identical
routes available at a particular timeframe. The system checks for available seats on a
particular flight and if are to be find available then only a customer would be able to
make a reservation hence or otherwise the person will consider to choose other available
flights.
This project also covers various features like online registration of the users, modifying
the details of the website by the management staff or administrator of the website, by
adding, deleting or modifying the customer details, flights or packages information.
In general, this website would be designed to perform like any other airline ticketing
website available online
It will also show the attitude of the management that they are aware to the newly
introduced technology and ready to adopt them.
The airline reservation system creates a user-friendly interface between a customer and
administration to facilitate easy communication through software
2.2 REQUIREMENTS
To run this project successfully it is required that certain software and hardware
requirements should be kept in mind. Following are the requirements:
Hardware Requirements:
Pentium - II to IV
Ram –32MB
H. D. space - 4xGB
FD
Software Requirements:
MS-Word
2.3 FEASIBLITY
A feasibility study is carried out to select the best system that meets the performance
requirements.
Feasibility is the resolution of whether or not a project is worth doing. The process
followed in making this resolution is called a feasibility study. This type of study
determines if a project can and should be taken.
Since the feasibility study may lead to the commitment of large resources, it becomes
necessary that it should be conducted efficiently and competently and that no any
fundamental errors of judgment are made.
Depending on the results of the initial investigation, the survey is expanded to a more
detailed and explained feasibility study. Feasibility study is a test of system proposal
according to its effective use of resources, workability, effect on the organization and the
ability to meet user needs.
The objective of the feasibility study is not to solve the problem but to acquire a sense of
its scope. During the study, the problem definition is crystallized and aspects of the
problem to be included in the system are determined.
Consequently, costs and benefits are described with greater accuracy at this stage.
3. Details of findings:
An outline of the procedures and methods under-taken by the existing system,
followed by coverage of the procedures and objectives of the candidate system.
Included are also discussions of file structures, output reports, and costs and
benefits of the candidate system.
1. Operational feasibility
2. Behavioral feasibility
3. Technical feasibility
Operational analysis is the most frequently used method for evaluating the effectiveness
of a system. More commonly known as cost/ benefit analysis, the procedure is to
determine the benefits and savings that are expected from a system and compare them
with cost.
Earlier the work was done manually which takes a lot of people/labor as well as a lot of
time which is more economical. Now the same work is computerized which is more
efficient and effective, doesn’t consume a lot of time, reduces labor/manpower which in
turn proves to be less economical and saves time.
Technical Feasibility bases on the existing computer system (software and hardware) and
also it can support any modification that can be made.
In manual processing there are more chance of errors are there, creating lot of
complications, less technical or logical. Through proposed system we can set this process
in a very systematic pattern, which is more technical, safe and reliable with full proof and
more authentic
Our proposed system works to minimize the human errors that can happen, take less time
to work on everything easy interaction with user and most of all bug free.
The system analysis phase is regarded to be one of the most important phases in the
system development life cycle. It is extremely important that the software developer
make thorough study of the existing system. Thorough study of the system is made and
need i.e., features that are evaluative to system success and users wants (i.e., features that
would be good but not essential) are brought out. The study will enable the developer to
know the complexities of the existing system.
Requirement analysis is done in order to understand the problem which the software
system is to solve e.g., the problem could be computerizing the existing manual system or
developing a completely new automated system or a combination of the two. For large
systems having a large number of features and the need to perform many different tasks,
understanding the requirement of the system is an important and major task. The
significance in requirement analysis is on identifying what is needed from the system and
not how the system achieves its goal.
The main purpose behind any business organization is to maximize its profit besides
maintaining quality and strategic standards. This can be achieved by improving the
efficiency and effectiveness of the system by providing more facilities using automation,
by adopting faster data access, proper communication, whereas the main aim behind
automation is not only to maximize profit but also to take care of passenger’s interest by
providing them better and more comfortable facilities.
The most important objective behind automation is to minimize Paper Work. Paper
Work/Registers are replaced by a Centralized Data Bank, which is well equipped to store
and provide information as and when required. This Data Bank also helps speed up the
communication between various departments outside agencies, as there is no need of
making request against different departments for a specific data and to wait for it for a
long period of time. This also improves the efficiency and it saves time and human
resources.
By making the manual system computerized, we can ensure complete utilization of our
existing resources. Automation helps in generating the reports and information in a
consistent way, which saves time and labor/manpower if done manually.
3.1 SDLC
In this project we have followed the Waterfall model. The waterfall model is the most
familiar model. This model has five phases: requirements analysis and specifications,
design, implementation and unit testing, integration and system testing, and operation and
maintenance.
2. Design phase:
The aim of this is to modify the requirements specification into a structure that is
suitable for implementation in any programming language.
3. Implementation and Unit Testing Phase:
During testing, the major activities are concentrated around the examination and
modification of the code. Initially, small modules are tested in isolation from the rest
of the software product. The objective of unit testing is to oversee that each
independent module is correctly implemented. This gives little chance to determine
that the interface between modules is also correct, integration testing is performed.
System testing involves the testing of the whole system including the software part.
This is important to build confidence in the developers before software is delivered to
the customer or released in the market.
Diagram
Requirement analysis
& specification
Design
Implementation &
unit testing
Integration &
System testing
Operation &
maintenance
Figure 1. SDLC
For Airline reservation system project, we have different diagram that justify the project.
These include;
-Is the graphical representation of data object relationship which include entity,
relationship and attribute.
This consists of user and admin’s part where as it shows the interaction between
them and functions that are to be performed by each part.
Is the diagram that elaborates on the data transfer from the user to the amines
through their corresponding actions.
v. Flow chart
These are design rationale that describes the stepwise procedure of application.
It represents algorithms in form of boxes and connecting the boxes with arrows.
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E - R DIAGRA M
Airlines
Place
Name Age
S.no.
Reserves
Passenger Ticket
Airlines
Sex Date
Sex Time
non -veg.)
Figure 2. ER Diagram
11
Login
Manage
User
Cancelatio
n/ deletion
Reservatio
Administrator n of Ticket
Ticket
cancellation
Updating
Manager
Print Detail
Checking
of Seats
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0 Level DFD
Passenger’s File
Save
Request
Request for Process
Reservation request
Reques t
Provide Tickets
User
Found
Request to
Display
Confirm record
Not
Show Error
Message
Admin/Ma
nager
Add/delet
ADMIN e
Flight .Data
Add/delete
Modify User
Customer D ata
Search/view
flight
Manage
r Reservation/
Print Details
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LEVEL 2 DFD
1. LOGIN
Manager
New user
Login Admin
Admin/Manager
Fig.6
15
2. TICKETS
Retrieve Flight
Display info
flight list
Admin
Flight info
Enter/update/dele Validate
Flight info
Flight info
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3. CUSTOMER
Access customer
info Retrieve
Display customer info
customer
list
Admin
Customer info
Cr eate/ delete
Validate
Customer info customer
Fig 8
17
Start
To booking domestic
Ticket
A
To booking
international Ticket
B
To confirm the
Ticket
C
Exit
Figure 9
18
no
V alid dat a?
Yes
R etur n
Figure 9.1
19
Enter name
Found
No
Yes
Return
Figure 9.2
20
Found
No
Yes
Details of reservation
Error
Return
Figure 9.3
21
Enter Name
Found?
No
Yes
return
Figure 9.4
22
Found
No
Yes
C ancellation display
Error di splay
Return
Figure 9.5
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• Registration module;
Before a passenger uses a reservation system to book a flight of any other services
provided by the airline of a choice, he/she should have either downloaded the application
such as Make My Trip, which are required for the reservation or even use the web-based
software to have register themselves first before any of the procedures begin.
This would help the passenger to log in his/her account and view different details that are
needed by that time that would help in making the reservation process easier or more
suitable. This includes price of the flight, flight timing, seats available, type of the airline
and price for different classes if preferred and book the ticket after having best choices
sorted out.
• Administrative module;
This module is under or done by the administration where as they have to make sure that
every information on the airline is update every time that their changes. These changes
include seats availability, price of the ticket, timing of the flight, services such as hotel,
and types of meal provided during the flight also they have to manage the site by
organizing and checking on the passenger’s list.
This module has to make sure there is proper communication between the administration
and the user (passenger), ensure security and authentication process on the user’s account
and other services for the passengers that have long transit hours.
Passenger module;
This is operated by the passenger or the user after the registration whereas they can
access their account using their log in information, perform online check-in that would
help in saving time on the counter.
After the log in the passenger can search for the flights from their departure to arrival city
at the time, airline, price, seat required /preferred by the passenger hence book the flight
whereas at the end they can provide feedback on the experience of their services and
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sometimes cancel the flight due to emergency. Moreover, for the frequent fliers they
might suggest to use their accumulated miles attained during their flights.
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The ARS provides the following types of easy-to-use, interactive, and intuitive graphical
and telephonic interfaces.
The airline reservation system provides the following types of easy to use,
intuitive Graphical User Interface as part of the administrators working desktop
environment.
The airline reservation system also provides an interactive graphical user
interface, on the World Wide Web (www) for the general customers.
This is the person charged with the responsibility of updating system content.
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The implementation requirements depend on the system specifications. These are the
hardware and software requirements that the system runs on. The system supports all
Pentium III clients and above computers, operating systems, Linux, Windows NT, Mac
with 512 MB of RAM, at least 10GB of hard disk space and a 550 MHZ of the processor
speed. The client computer must have internet connectivity to have access to the web
server through TCP/IP.
The system should be installed on any server computer running on either Linux or
windows architecture. The server should have at least 10 GB of RAM and I Terabyte of
storage space and running on processor speed of at least 10 GHz.
User’s environment
Welcome Page
This appears when the URL of Rwenzori Airlines is typed in any browser. While on this
page customers can choose to register and continue to book tickets and flights or view
flight schedules, journey details and access the contact us page. However for a user to
book a ticket or a flight, he/she must be registered first.
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This form is used by customers (Passenger’s) to register before booking a flight or ticket.
The user must first register. To access this page the customer clicks on the register link on the
home page. The customer ID and customer passwords fields are mandatory, which means the
customer must fill them before adding the record.
This interface is accessed by clicking on your information link on the home page. On this
interface the customer is required to enter his or her id and password to find his/her
record. This record gives detailed information of what was entered during registration; it
also provides any booking and flight information if any.
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This interface is as a result of a successful search for a customer record. This interface contain all
the information that was entered during registration and any other flight, ticket, schedule and
journey information in case the customer had already booked a flight. This interface is accessed
by entering the correct customer id and password and clicking on find record.
Journey Interface
This interface is accessible by both registered and non-registered users to view the journey
details.
It’s accessed by clicking on the journeys link on the top menu of the system. While on this page
both registered and non-registered users can view journey details and for purposes of booking the
users are required to note the journey id as it will be required in case the user wants to book a
ticket and a flight. This interface shows the journeys that Airlines will take on a specific date and
day.
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Journey Interface
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The interface is accessible by both registered and non-registered users to view the
schedules for the airline on a specific date.
It is accessed by clicking on the schedules link on the top menu of the system.
While on this page users are required to take note of the schedule ID as it will be required
in case a user is to book a flight or a ticket.
This interface is accessed by clicking on flights link on the top menu of the system.
This interface is accessed by users who want to book tickets, flights and those who have
already booked but want to cancel their flights. For purposes of booking the user must be
registered and should have in mind the journey ID for the journey he/she wants to take as
well as the schedule ID as this is required during booking.
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Screenshot
This is accessed by clicking on flight reservations on flight interface. This form is used
by the registered customers to book flight. All fields on this form are mandatory hence
the user is expected to fill all the fields.
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This interface is accessed by clicking on the ticket reservations link bottom on the flight
page. This form is used by registered customers to book and reserve tickets. All fields on
this page or form are mandatory hence the user is expected to fill all of them.
This form is accessed by clicking on cancel reservation button on the flights page.
This form is used by customers who had already booked a ticket to cancel their ticket in
case they want to do so. To achieve this customer will be required to provide his ID and
ticket ID that had been provided during booking.
Contact us interface
This interface is accessed by clicking on contact link on the system menu. As specified in
the project scope that the airline will have a page dedicated for user queries.
On this page a customer or user registered or not can post anything for which he or she is
not satisfied. Information sent here will be received by the administrator and presented to
the airline management for consideration. Fields with * are mandatory hence must be
filled before the user can post his or her comment.
Administrator environment
Once the correct admin password is entered the person will have access to modify, delete
and all control of the system.
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This is the administrator’s home interface, it is accessed when a correct admin password
is entered in the interface above. Once on this interface the administrator can schedule
flights, edit ticket information, change passwords, update journey details, schedule
details, change database passwords and control every aspect of the system.
This interface is used by the administrator to modify passwords. To modify the password
the administrator must provide the old password and then feed in the new password.
Screenshot
Database Interface
Used by the administrator to test configure and creates databases for the system. It’s
accessed by clicking the database button on the administrator’s home interface.
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This interface is used by the administrator to add flight schedules in the system.
Schedules added here can then available for booking by the customer. In here the
administrator can add a new schedule or update an existing schedule.
This is the form used by the administrator to add journeys into the system. Journeys
added here can then be available to customers for booking. This form can as well be used
to update, delete and view journey and their details.
This form is used by the administrator to add tickets to the system; Tickets added here
can then be available for booking by the customers. It can also be used for viewing
booked Tickets, update ticket information and delete tickets.
Screenshot
35
This interface is used by the administrator to view booked schedules, Tickets, Journey
and flights. This interface gives a record of what has been booked and what is still
available.
Screenshot
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6.1 LIMITATIONS
These are dependent problems whereas by having slow speed that could be caused by
having internet problem that could lead to delay of booking flight, check in leads to either
delay flight or time wastage at the counter.
• Security problem
Since the reservation occurs online there might be with security bleach or hacking of
information thus leads to misleading of passengers.
• Costly
By having to maintain data whereas each data from every branch has to be maintained
and stored where as their copies have to be transferred to the concerned branch such as
agencies, airports thus it becomes so expensive in maintenance and time wastage.
• Skilled labour
Since the whole process requires people that either study airline course in case of
maintenance of documents and operating it becomes a challenge to the ones that desire
working to the sector with no high education experience.
• High cost
Having most of the process done online it leads to high charges where as you have to pay
for the service charges that are included in final ticket payment also at the same time you
have to pay for the internet used.
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By having this system, it helps the airline companies to update and save in the flights and
packages schedules at different timings whereas the customers get to obtain flight price, seat,
meal and any other assistance that would help them have a comfortable flight.
Moreover, for the future purpose this project is to reach and being understood even by the rural
people whereas by development of this project we might use scan codes and applications,
whereas all this is possible by having internet thus having sufficient infrastructure to provide
them with internet that could help them save time moving to the city to meet the airline agencies.
6.3 CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the airline reservation system was successfully designed and implemented
with the intension to limit manual operations. This system is user friendly and very much
flexible to non-programmers.
It is also tested for maximum accuracy and quality validation. During this project
designing, we have accomplished all the tasks and objectives to meet the organizational
needs. The system will be used in searching, retrieving and generating processed
information for the concerned request.
With this proposed system are reduced errors due to human intervention and conveniently
maintains any modifications to the flight and cancellations in the reservations made at
any point of time. It not only provides flight details but also creates a platform to book
tickets online, cancels or modifies ticket timings or dates and even informs about the
number of people available on board and seats that are already booked.
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REFERENCES
The following references have been used by us, during all the phases of the project
1. http://www.w3schools.com/
2. http://www.c-sharpcorner.com/
3. Wikipedia
4. E. Balagurusamy , Object Oriented
Programming with C++ , Tata McGraw-Hill
Publishing house , Copyright 1998,The „C‟ Programming language by Kernighan
& Ritchie, Prentice Hall Publishing house,
Copyright 1988.
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