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Physics1 ProblemSheet 2

This document contains 16 physics problems involving vector calculations and diagrams. The problems involve adding, subtracting and finding the magnitudes and directions of vectors. They also include word problems involving displacements. Solutions require using scale drawings, determining components, and qualitative agreement between numerical and diagrammatic results.

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Sanie Heeseung
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35 views3 pages

Physics1 ProblemSheet 2

This document contains 16 physics problems involving vector calculations and diagrams. The problems involve adding, subtracting and finding the magnitudes and directions of vectors. They also include word problems involving displacements. Solutions require using scale drawings, determining components, and qualitative agreement between numerical and diagrammatic results.

Uploaded by

Sanie Heeseung
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problem Sheet-2

Physics 1
Doç.Dr.Serda KEÇEL GÜNDÜZ, Dr. E.U.SAKA
November 4, 2020

Problem 1. (1.32). For the vectors A and B in Fig. 1.34, use a scale drawing to find the
magnitude and direction of(a) the vector sum A + B and (b) the vector difference A-B. Use
your answers to find the magnitude and direction of (c) -A - B and (d) B - A. (See also
Exercise 1.39 for a different approach to this problem.)

Problem 2. (1.33.) A spelunker is surveying a cave. She follows a passage 180 m straight
west, then 210 m in a direction 45 0 east of south, and then 280 m at 30° east of north.
After a fourth unmeasured displacement, she finds herself back where she started. Use a
scale drawing to determine the magnitude and direction of the fourth displacement. (See
also Problem 1.73 for a different approach to this problem.)

Problem 3. 1.26. Let the angle θ be the angle that the vector A makes with the + x-
axis, measured counterclockwise from that axis. Find the angle θ for a vector that has the

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following components: (a) Ax = 2.00 m, Ay = −1.00 m; (b) Ax = 2.00 m, Ay = 1.00 m; (c)
Ax = −2.00 m, Ay = 1.00m; (d)Ax = −2.00 m, Ay = −1.00m.

Problem 4. 1.34. Use a scale drawing to find the x- and y-components of the following
vectors. For each vector the numbers given are the magnitude of the vector and the angle,
measured in the sense from the +x-axis toward the +y-axis, that it makes with the +x-axis:
(a) magnitude 9.30 m, angle 60.0°; (b) magnitude 22.0 km, angle 135°; (c) magnitude 6.35
cm, angle 307°.

Problem 5. 1.41. A disoriented physics professor drives 3.25 km north, then 4.75 km west,
and then 1.50 km south. Find the magnitude and direction of the resultant displacement,
using the method of components. In a vector addition diagram (roughly to scale), show that
the resultant displacement found from your diagram is in qualitative agreement with the
result you obtained using the method of components.

Problem 6. 1.46. Two ropes in a vertical plane exert equal magnitude forces on a hanging
weight but pull with an angle of 86.0” between them. What pull does each one exert if their
resultant pull is 372 N directly upward?

Problem 7. IA6. In each case, find the x- and y-components of vector A: (a) A = 5.0i −
6.3j; (b) A = 11.2j − 9.91i; (c) A = −15.0i + 22.4j; (d) A = 5.0A , where B = 4i − 6j.

Problem 8. 1.50. Given two vectors A = 4.00i + 3.00j and B = 5.00i - 2.00j, (a) find the
magnitude of each vector; (b) write an expression for the vector difference A - B using unit
vectors; (c) find the magnitude and direction of the vector difference A-B. (d) In a vector
diagram A-B. (d) In a vector diagram show A, B, and A - B, and also show that your diagram
agrees qualitatively with your answer in pan (c).

Problem 9. 1.51. (a) Is the vector (î + ĵ + k̂) a unit vector? Justify your answer. (b) Can
a unit vector have any components with magnitude greater than unity? Can it have any
negative components? In each case justify your answer. (c) If A = a(3.Oî + 4.0ĵ), where a
is a constant, determine the value of a that makes A a unit vector.

Problem 10.

1.52. (a) Use vector components to prove that two vectors com- mute for both addition and
the scalar product. (b) Prove that two vectors anticommute for the vector product; that is.
prove that A × B = −B × A.

Problem 11. 1.55. Find the angle between each of the following pairs of vectors: (a)
A = −2.00î + 6.0ĵ and B = 2.00î − 3.0ĵ (b) A = 3.00î + 5.00ĵ and B = 1O.00î + 6.00ĵ (c)
A = −4.00î + 2.00ĵ and B = 7.00î + 14.0ĵ

Problem 12. 1.57. For the vectors A and b in Fig1, (a) find the magnitude and direction
of the vector product A × D; (b) find the magnitude and direction of B × A.

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Problem 13. 1.74. A sailor in a small sailboat encounters shifting winds. She sails 2.00
km east, then 3.50 km southeast, and then an additional distance in an unknown di-
rection. Her final position is 5.80 km directly east of the starting point (Fig. below).
Find the magnitude and direction of the third leg of the journey. Draw the vector addi-
tion diagram and show that it is in qualitative agreement with your numerical solution.

Problem 14. 1.71. You are to program a robotic arm on an assembly line to move in
the XY-plane. Its first displacement is A; its second displacement is B, of magnitude 6.40
cm and direction 63.0◦ measured in the sense from the +x-axis toward the -y-axis. The
resultant C = A + B of the two displacements should also have a magnitude of 6.40 cm, but
a direction 22.0◦ measured in the sense from the + x-axis toward the +y-axis. (a) Draw the
vector addition diagram for these vectors, roughly to scale. (b) Find the components of A.
(c) Find the magnitude and direction of A.

Problem 15. Consider the two vectors A = 3î − 2ĵ and B = −î − 4ĵ. Calculate (a) A + B,
(b) A − B, (c) | A + B |, (d)| A − B | , and (e) the directions of A + B and A − B.

Problem 16. Given the displacement vectors A = (3î−4ĵ +4k̂) m and B = (2î+3ĵ −7k̂)m,
find the magnitudes of the vectors (a) c = A + B and (b) D = 2A − B, also expressing each
in terms of its rectangular components.

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