Reading Exam 3

EOI Topic: Work and entrepreneurship

Part 1 See: English File 4th edition B2.1
Files 4B, 6A, 7A, 7B, 8A
Read the information about a common work problem. For questions English File 4th edition B2.2
1−7 choose the correct option (a, b, or c). 0 is the example. Files 1A, 3A, 4A, 6B, 7B, 9A, 10B

0 Bullying at work…
a is more likely to affect junior employees than managers.
b is something that even close colleagues often fail to identify.
c is similar in many ways to bullying in schools.

1 Someone who bullies a colleague at work…

a makes their objectives very obvious to others.
b wants to dominate the other person and may aim to push them to leave the workplace.
c normally wants their victim’s job.

2 Some of the strategies that bullies use are…

a being impolite to the victim and inventing things about them to isolate them from others.
b taking work from the victim in order to impress a boss with their own results.
c using strange body language and reporting false information to a boss about the victim.

3 Work sabotage…
a prevents the victim from working to their full ability.
b means publicly humiliating the victim in front of other colleagues.
c is a type of physical assault.

4 Bullies at work are…

a usually not very senior.
b groups of managers and colleagues who bully one victim.
c often in a position of power, but are under-confident in their abilities.

5 Many victims of bullying at work…

a find it impossible to work and so they leave the job.
b don’t want to tell anyone because they think it’s impossible to change the situation.
c sometimes retaliate with bad behaviour themselves.

6 If you are a victim of bullying, you need to…

a leave that workplace immediately.
b keep a record of your experiences, for example online.
c be prepared for a lengthy process before you find a solution.

7 In summary, victims should…

a seek medical advice and if necessary take some time off work for their health.
b speak to a union representative and arrange time off work to make decisions.
c look for support from colleagues and/or get professional advice before taking action.

Questio 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
n
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 Option b

TOTAL

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 What is bullying in the workplace?
Workplace bullying is when individuals or groups of people deliberately use aggressive or
unacceptable behaviour against others. It can happen at all different levels, across
departments, and it’s often a ‘hidden’ problem. Bullies at work are generally trying to make
other colleagues’ lives as difficult as possible; bullies are selfish, insecure, and they want to
get into a higher or safer position at work themselves. Often they don’t care if they ruin
other people’s careers or chances of promotion in the process.
What are some of the types and tactics of bullying?
There are many different kinds of bullying in the workplace. Some are obvious but others
may not be easy for co-workers or managers to identify. The aim of the bully is usually to
control a colleague, or even to force them to resign from their job. Common tactics include
being rude all the time to the victim, gossiping, spreading false rumours to ruin a person’s
reputation, and making their victim feel alienated. Work sabotage is another tactic. This is
when the victim is not given the right resources or decision-making powers to do their job.
In some cases, bullying may even take the form of physical assault.
How do bullies behave?
A bully may use intimidating verbal and body language, such as staring hard at someone or
raising their voice, or accusing someone of something for no reason. Another approach is
not making eye contact or not listening to the victim. Bullies also often invent and change
the rules at work on the spot. All these forms of attack can be very damaging to the victim.
If fear of the bully is widespread within the workplace, the victim might feel that their other
colleagues cannot support them.
Who bullies the most at work?
The sad truth is that bullying in the workplace may not always be carried out by only one
attacker. In many cases, groups of co-workers gang up on one person. Managers who bully
tend to be insecure people who might have reached their position without necessarily being
the right person for the job. They might make impossible demands, or refuse to give their
team the right resources or adequate time to complete a task. They are often bad at
managing time and information themselves. When they realize that a colleague has more
knowledge than them about a work issue, they may use criticism or insults to humiliate that
person. Victims generally don’t want to report their boss in these circumstances, because
they are made to believe that there is nothing to be done.
What should you do if you are being bullied at work?
If you are bullied continually or are suffering as a result of stress, you must get out of your
abusive and unhealthy work environment. At this stage you should consult with a trade
union representative or get legal advice before making any serious decisions. There are lots
of charitable groups who can help you – look for advice online, for example from Acas or
the Direct Gov website. You may need time and patience to deal with the issue. Try talking
to a confidant, either at work or from outside your professional life. It is important to
remember that you are not alone, and that the more you do to stop the bullying, the more
empowered you will feel.

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Part 2 EOI Topic: Activities, processes and
procedures
Read the extracts from a guide to fitness holidays. Match See: English File 4th edition B2.1
extracts 1–7 with sentences A–J. There are two sentences Files 2A, 3B, 4A, 5A, 6A, 6B, 7A, 7B
you don’t need to use. Paragraph 0 is the example. English File 4th edition B2.2
Files 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 4B, 6A, 9B

A You want to know how to avoid sports injuries.

B You want to do activities that will improve the way your body works.
C You want to take up a sport you haven’t tried before.
D You want a trainer who’s been a professional sportsperson.
E You’re running your tenth marathon next month and you want a personal best.
F You’re 50 years old and you want to start playing tennis again.
G You want advice on sports nutrition.
H You want a private trainer who only works with you.
I You’re a keen footballer and you want to teach other people.
J You want to spend time relaxing in a comfortable environment.

Question 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Option F

TOTA
L

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 The best fitness holidays
Extract 0, example
Mediterranean Fitness offers fun, inspiring group fitness holidays for men and women of all ages
and all levels of fitness. Complete beginners are a speciality, as are unfit mid-lifers returning to a
favourite sport of their youth. So if you’re starting (or restarting) on the road to fitness, this could
be for you.
Extract 1
Kenya Altitude Training is for dedicated fitness fanatics only. You need a very high starting
level of fitness, as the training regime is tough. Expect dawn starts, 10–20 km runs at altitude,
evening gym sessions, a vegetarian diet, and strictly no alcohol. Great if you’re in the final stages
of preparing for a major event.
Extract 2
Fitness is optional at Lifestyles. If you want to spend your time lying in the sun reading the latest
bestseller, that’s fine, though there’s a full range of outdoor and indoor activities, ranging from
river swimming to circuit training. It’s perfect if you don’t care too much about how fit you get.
The quality of the accommodation is second to none, and it feels more like a luxury hotel break
than a fitness holiday.
Extract 3
One-to-one attention makes Full Body Fitness unique. You’ll have a trainer entirely to yourself
for the whole week. Your programme can be tailored to your specific aims, whether you want to
gain strength, stamina, or just to shed a few kilos. It’s not cheap, but a long list of personal
recommendations and celebrity endorsements suggests that it works.
Extract 4
All the trainers at Personal Best have competed at the very highest international level. They’ll
pass on the tips and techniques that will help you to improve your approach to sport and fitness.
At least an intermediate level of aptitude is recommended to make the most of the training.
Extract 5
Flex-ercise focuses less on simple fitness and more on making sure that your body is working the
way it should. Yoga and Pilates sessions will help to develop your core strength and balance and
give you a better platform on which to build your future fitness goals. If you plan to take fitness
breaks in the future, this is a great one to start with.
Extract 6
Experimental Sports gives you the opportunity to try a brand new sport in a supportive
environment. You might be a marathon runner who wants to try triathlon but can’t ride a bike, or
a squash player who wants to teach your daughter to play tennis. If you’re good at one sport and
want to learn another, here’s your chance.
Extract 7
With SportsForAll, you’re the trainer! This organization sends volunteers all over the world to
teach children in developing countries to play sports. Enthusiasm is much more important than
ability, though you’ll need to know at least the basic rules of whatever sport you’re in charge of,
and you’ll need to be reasonably fit. You’ll have to raise £500 and pay your own airfare. All your
local living expenses will be covered, but be warned that facilities can be basic.

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