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GP OOPS C++ Encapsulation Interview

1. Encapsulation in C++ binds data and methods together into a single unit called a class. It protects data from outside modification by hiding it and allowing access via methods. This is also known as data hiding. 2. Abstraction hides unnecessary details and focuses on what an object does, while encapsulation binds data and methods together and uses access modifiers to hide code and secure data from outside access at the implementation level. 3. Classes themselves do not use memory - objects created from classes use memory to initialize class members and methods.

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121 views

GP OOPS C++ Encapsulation Interview

1. Encapsulation in C++ binds data and methods together into a single unit called a class. It protects data from outside modification by hiding it and allowing access via methods. This is also known as data hiding. 2. Abstraction hides unnecessary details and focuses on what an object does, while encapsulation binds data and methods together and uses access modifiers to hide code and secure data from outside access at the implementation level. 3. Classes themselves do not use memory - objects created from classes use memory to initialize class members and methods.

Uploaded by

arnesh dadhich
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Interview Questions

1. What is Encapsulation in C++? Why is it called Data hiding?


The process of binding data and corresponding methods (behavior) into a single
unit is called encapsulation in C++.
In other words, encapsulation is a programming technique that binds the class
members (variables and methods) together and prevents them from accessing
other classes. Thereby we can keep variables and methods safes from outside
interference and misuse.
If a field is declared private in the class, it cannot be accessed by anyone outside
the class and hides the fields. Therefore, Encapsulation is also called data hiding.

2. What is the difference between Abstraction and Encapsulation?

Abstraction Encapsulation

Abstraction is the method of hiding Encapsulation is the process of


unnecessary details from the binding data members and methods
necessary ones. of a program together to do a specific
job without revealing unnecessary
details.

Achieved through encapsulation. You can implement encapsulation


using Access Modifiers (Public,
Protected & Private.)

Abstraction allows you to focus on Encapsulation enables you to hide the


what the object does instead of how it code and data into a single unit to
does it. secure the data from the outside
world.

In abstraction, problems are solved at While in encapsulation, problems are


the design or interface level. solved at the implementation level.

3. How much memory does a class occupy?


Classes do not consume any memory. They are just a blueprint based on which
objects are created. When objects are created, they initialize the class members
and methods and therefore consume memory.

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4. Are there any limitations of Inheritance?
Yes, with more powers comes more complications. Inheritance is a very powerful
feature in OOPs, but it also has limitations. Inheritance needs more time to
process, as it needs to navigate through multiple classes for its implementation.
Also, the classes involved in Inheritance - the base class and the child class, are
very tightly coupled together. So if one needs to make some changes, they might
need to do nested changes in both classes. Inheritance might be complex for
implementation, as well. So if not correctly implemented, this might lead to
unexpected errors or incorrect outputs.

5. What is the difference between overloading and overriding?


Overloading is a compile-time polymorphism feature in which an entity has
multiple implementations with the same name—for example, Method
overloading and Operator overloading.
Whereas Overriding is a runtime polymorphism feature in which an entity has
the same name, but its implementation changes during execution. For example,
Method overriding.

6. What are the various types of inheritance?


The various types of inheritance include:
● Single inheritance
● Multiple inheritances
● Multi-level inheritance
● Hierarchical inheritance
● Hybrid inheritance

7. What are the advantages of Polymorphism?


There are the following advantages of polymorphism in C++:
a. Using polymorphism, we can achieve flexibility in our code because we can
perform various operations by using methods with the same names according to
requirements.
b. The main benefit of using polymorphism is when we can provide
implementation to an abstract base class or an interface.
8. What are the differences between Polymorphism and Inheritance in
C++?
The differences between polymorphism and inheritance in C++ are as follows:

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a. Inheritance represents the parent-child relationship between two classes. On
the other hand, polymorphism takes advantage of that relationship to make the
program more dynamic.

b. Inheritance helps in code reusability in child class by inheriting behavior from


the parent class. On the other hand, polymorphism enables child class to
redefine already defined behavior inside parent class.
Without polymorphism, a child class can’t execute its own behavior.

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