MODERN PHYSICS Rg.

2019 - 2021

EXERCISE #1
Only one option is correct
1. The threshold wavelength for photoelectric emission of tungsten is 230 nm. The wavelength of light
that must be used in order to get electrons with a maximum energy of 1.5 eV is:
(a) 120 nm (b) 130 nm (c) 180 nm (d) 200 nm

2. The radiation force experienced by a body exposed to radiation of intensity I

assuming surface of body to be perfectly absorbing is
R 2I 2 R 2I
(a) (b)
c c
2
4 R I
(c) (d) None
c

3. In the previous question if orientation of cone is changed as shown in figure

then radiation force experienced is :
R 2I RHI
(a) (b)
c c
RHI RHI
(c) (d)
2c c

4. A metal ball is illuminated by ultraviolet radiation of wavelength 200 nm. The work function of
metal is 2 eV. The electric potential acquired as a result of photoelectric effect is :
(a) 4.2 V (b) 3.2 V (c) 1.2 V (d) Data insufficient

5. Which of the following statement(s) is/are incorrect regarding photon ?

(a) Rest mass of photon is zero (b) Photon travels with speed of light
(c) Photon is a charge less particle
(d) X-ray photons are less energetic than visible light photons
6. If E1, E2 and E3 represent respectively the kinetic energies of an electron, an alpha particle and a
proton respectively each having same de-Broglie wavelength then
(a) E1 > E3 > E2 (b) E2 > E3 > E1 (c) E1 > E2 > E3 (d) E1 = E2 = E3

7. A sensor is exposed for time t to a lamp of power P placed at a distance l. The sensor has an opening
that is 4d in diameter. Assuming all energy of the lamp is given off as light, the number of photons
entering the sensor if the wavelength of light is is :
P d2t 4P d 2 t P d2t P d2t
(a) (b) (c) (d)
hcl 2 hcl 2 4 hcl 2 16hcl 2

8. Energy levels A, B, C of certain atom corresponds to increasing values of energy, i.e., EA < EB < EC.
If 1, 2 and 3 are the wavelengths of radiations corresponding to the transitions, C to B, B to A and
C to A respectively, which of the following statements is correct ?
2 1
(a) 3 = 1 + 2 (b) 3 =
1 2
2 2 2
(c) 1 + 2 + 3=0 (d) 3 = 1 + 2

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9. A uniform magnetic field B exists in a region. An electron projected perpendicular to the field goes
in a circle. Assuming Bohr’s quantization rule for angular momentum to be valid, then the smallest
possible radius of orbit of electron is
h h h
(a) (b) (c) (d) None
eB 2 eB eB
10. An excited hydrogen atom emits a photon of wavelength in returning to the ground state. The
quantum number of n of the excited state is given by (R = Rydberg constant)
1
(a) R (R 1) (b) R / ( R 1) (c) ( R 1) / R (d)
R ( R 1)
11. If the shortest wavelength of Lyman series of H atom is x, then the wavelength of first member of
Balmer series of H atom will be
(a) 9x/5 (b) (36/5)x (c) 5x/9 (d) 5x/36

12. The mean lives of a radio-active substance are 1620 years and 405 years for -emission and -
emission respectively. Find out the time during which three-fourth of a sample will decay if it is
decaying by both -emission and -emission simultaneously.
(a) 324 years (b) 449 years (c) 480 years (d) 425 years

13. Three radioactive substances have their activities in the ratio 1 : 3 : 5. The substances are heated to
double its temperature. Then, the activities will be :
(a) 5 : 3 : 1 (b) 3 : 1 : 5 (c) 3 : 5 : 1 (d) 1 : 3 : 5

14. A radioactive substance has an activity of 1000 Bq at a certain time. The activity of the same
substance after 4 seconds, if its half-life is 2 seconds, is :
(a) 500 Bq (b) 400 Bq (c) 250 Bq (d) 125 Bq

15. Given a sample of Radium-226 having half-life of 4 days. Find the probability, a nucleus
disintegrates within 2 half lives. [IIT-JEE 2006]
(a) 1 (b) 1/2 (c) 1.5 (d) 3/4

16. An X-ray tube is operating at 100 kV and 10 mA. Assuming 0.2% of the energy is converted into X-
ray, the rate at which target is heated is :
(a) 432.6 cal/s (b) 238.75 cal/s (c) 329.7 cal/s (d) None

17. The atomic number of element which has a K X-ray line of wavelength 1.785 Å is :
(a) 27 (b) 26 (c) 25 (d) None

18. In an X-ray tube, the anti-cathode should be made up of a material having :

(a) high atomic number and low thermal conductivity
(b) high atomic number and high thermal conductivity
(c) low atomic number and low thermal conductivity
(d) low atomic number and high thermal conductivity

19. If the frequency of K X-rays emitted from the element with atomic number 31 is f, then the
frequency of K X-ray emitted from the element with atomic number 51 would be :
5f 51 9f 25 f
(a) (b) f (c) (d)
3 31 25 9

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20. Radon-220 will eventually decay to Bismuth-212 as

220 216
86Rn 84Po + 2He4 ; half life = 55 s
216 212
84Po 82Pb + 2He4 ; half life = 0.016 s
212 212
82Pb 83Bi + 1e0 ; half life = 10.6 h
If a certain mass of Radon-220 is allowed to decay in a certain container, after five minutes the
element with the greatest mass will be :
(a) radon (b) polonium (c) lead (d) bismuth

21 Let nr and nb be respectively the number of photons emitted by a red bulb and a blue bulb of equal
power in a given time.
(A) nr = nb (B) nr < nb (C) nr > nb (D) data insufficient

22 10–3 W of 5000 Å light is directed on a photoelectric cell. If the current in the cell is 0.16 A, the
percentage of incident photons which produce photoelectrons, is
(A) 0.4% (B) .04% (C) 20% (D) 10%

23 A proton and an electron are accelerated by same potential difference have de-Broglie wavelength p
and e.
(A) e = p (B) e < p (C) e > p (D) none of these.

24 Two electrons are moving with the same speed v. One electron enters a region of uniform electric
field while the other enters a region of uniform magnetic field, then after sometime if the de–Broglie
wavelengths of the two are 1 and 2, then:
(A) 1 = 2 (B) 1 > 2 (C) 1 < 2 (D) 1 > 2 or 1 < 2

25 In a photo-emissive cell, with exciting wavelength , the maximum kinetic energy of electron is K. If
3
the exciting wavelength is changed to the kinetic energy of the fastest emitted electron will be:
4
(A) 3K/4 (B) 4K/3 (C) less than 4K/3 (D) greater than 4K/3
26 If the frequency of light in a photoelectric experiment is doubled, the stopping potential will
(A) be doubled (B) halved
(C) become more than doubled (D) become less than double
27 An electron with initial kinetic energy of 100 eV is acceleration through a potential difference of 50
V. Now the de-Broglie wavelength of electron becomes
(A) 1 Å (B) 1.5 Å (C) 3 Å (D) 12.27 Å

28 If h is Planck’s constant is SI system, the momentum of a photon of wavelength 0.01 Å is:

(A) 10–2 h (B) h (C) 102 h (D) 1012 h

29 The stopping potential for the photo electrons emitted from a metal surface of work function 1.7 eV
is 10.4 V. Identify the energy levels corresponding to the transitions in hydrogen atom which will
result in emission of wavelength equal to that of incident radiation for the above photoelectric effect
(A) n = 3 to 1 (B) n = 3 to 2 (C) n = 2 to 1 (D) n = 4 to 1

30 When a photon of light collides with a metal surface, number of electrons, (if any) coming out is
(A) only one (B) only two (C) infinite (D) depends upon factors

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31 Two radioactive material A1 and A2 have decay constants of 10 0 and 0. If initially they have same
number of nuclei, the ratio of number of their undecayed nuclei will be (1/e) after a time
1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D) 1
0 9 0 10 0

32 The frequency and the intensity of a beam of light falling on the surface of photoelectric material are
increased by a factor of two. This will :
(A) increase the maximum energy of the photoelectrons, as well as photoelectric current by a factor
of two.
(B) increase the maximum kinetic energy of the photo electrons and would increase the photoelectric
current by a factor of two.
(C) increase the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons by a factor of greater than two and
will have no effect on the magnitude of photoelectric current produced.
(D) not produce any effect on the kinetic energy of the emitted electrons but will increase the
photoelectric current by a factor of two.

33 In a RA element the fraction of initiated amount remaining after its mean life time is
1 1 1 1
(A) 1 – (B) 2 (C) (D) 1– 2
e e e e
34 A point source of light is used in a photoelectric effect. If the source is removed farther from the
emitting metal, the stopping potential :
(A) will increase (B) will decrease
(C) will remain constant (D) will either increase or decrease.

35 A point source causes photoelectric effect from a small metal plate. Which of the following curves
may represent the saturation photocurrent as a function of the distance between the source and the
metal ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

36 Let K1 be the maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons emitted by a light of wavelength 1 and
K2 corresponding to 2. If 1 = 2 2 , then :
K
(A) 2K1 = K2 (B) K1 = 2K2 (C) K1 < 2 (D) K1 > 2K2
2

37 In a photoelectric experiment, the potential difference V that must be

maintained between the illuminated surface and the collector so as just to
prevent any electron from reaching the collector is determined for different
frequencies f of the incident illumination. The graph obtained is shown.
The maximum kinetic energy of the electrons emitted at frequency f1 is
V1
(A) hf1 (B) (C) h (f1 – f0) (D) eV1(f1 – f0)
( f1 f 0 )

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38 Radiation of two photon energies twice and five times the work function of metal are incident
sucessively on the metal surface. The ratio of the maximum velocity of photoelectrons emitted is the
two cases will be
(A) 1 :2 (B) 2 : 1 (C) 1 : 4 (D) 4 : 1

39 Cut off potentials for a metal in photoelectric effect for light of wavelength 1, 2 and 3 is found to
be V1, V2 and V3 volts if V1, V2 and V3 are in Arithmetic Progression and 1, 2 and 3 will be:
(A) Arithmetic Progression (B) Geometric Progression
(C) Harmonic Progression (D) None

40 Photons with energy 5 eV are incident on a cathode C , on a photoelectric cell. The maximum energy
of the emitted photoelectrons is 2 eV. When photons of energy 6 eV are incident on C, no
photoelectrons will reach the anode A if the stopping potential of A relative to C is
(A) 3 V (B) – 3V (C) – 1V (D) 4 V

41 In a photoelectric experiment, the collector plate is at 2.0V with respect to the emitter plate made of
copper = 4.5eV). The emitter is illuminated by a source of monochromatic light of wavelength
200nm.
(A) the minimum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons reaching the collector is 0.
(B) the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons reaching the collector is 3.7eV.
(C) if the polarity of the battery is reversed then answer to part A will be 0.
(D) if the polarity of the battery is reversed then answer to part B will be 1.7eV.

42 By increasing the intensity of incident light keeping frequency (v > v0) fixed on the surface of metal
(A) kinetic energy of the photoelectrons increases
(B) number of emitted electrons increases
(C) kinetic energy and number of electrons increases
(D) no effect

43 In a photoelectric experiment, electrons are ejected from metals X and Y by light of intensity I and
frequency f. The potential difference V required to stop the electrons is measured for various
frequencies. If Y has a greater work function than X ; which one of the following graphs best
illustrates the expected results?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

44 Monochromatic light with a frequency well above the cutoff frequency is incident on the emitter in a
photoelectric effect apparatus. The frequency of the light is then doubled while the intensity is kept
constant. How does this affect the photoelectric current?
(A) The photoelectric current will increase.
(B) The photoelectric current will decrease.
(C) The photoelectric current will remain the same.
(D) None of these

45 In a hypothetical system a particle of mass m and charge –3q is moving around a very heavy particle
having charge q. Assuming Bohr’s model to be true to this system, the orbital velocity of mass m
when it is nearest to heavy particle is
3q 2 3q 2 3q 3q
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 0h 4 0h 2 0h 4 0h

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46 de-Broglie wavelength of an electron in the nth Bohr orbit is n and the angular momentum is Jn,
then:
1
(A) Jn n (B) n (C) n J n2 (D) none of these
Jn
3h
47 The angular momentum of an electron in the hydrogen atom is . Here h is Planck’s constant. The
2
kinetic energy of this electron is:
(A) 4.53 eV (B) 1.51 eV (C) 3.4 eV (D) 6.8 eV

48 Consider the following electronic energy level diagram of H-atom:

Photons associated with shortest and longest wavelengths would be
emitted from the atom by the transitions labelled:

(A) D and C respectively (B) C and A respectively

(C) C and D respectively (D) A and C respectively

49 In a hydrogen atom, the binding energy of the electron in the nth state is En, then the frequency of
revolution of the electron in the nth orbits is:
(A) 2En /nh (B) 2Enn/h (C) En/nh (D) Enn/h

50 If the electron in a hydrogen atom were in the energy level with n = 3, how much energy in joule
would be required to ionize the atom? (Ionization energy of H-atom is 2.18 × 10 -18 J):
(A) 6.54 × 10–19 (B) 1.43 × 10–19 (C) 2.42 × 10–19 (D) 3.14 × 10–20

51 In hydrogen and hydrogen like atoms, the ratio of difference of energies E4n–E2n and E2n–En varies
with its atomic number z and n as:
(A) z2 /n2 (B) z4/n4 (C) z / n (D) z0 n0

52 In a hydrogen atom, the electron is in nth excited state. It may come down to second excited state by
emitting ten different wavelengths. What is the value of n:
(A) 6 (B) 7 (C) 8 (D) 5

53 Difference between nth and (n +1)th Bohr’s radius of ‘H’ atom is equal to it’s (n–1)th Bohr’s radius.
the value of n is:
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

54 An electron in hydrogen atom after absorbing energy photons can jump between energy states n1 and
n2(n2 > n1). Then it may return to ground state after emitting six different wavelengths in emission
spectrum. The energy of emitted photons is either equal to, less than or greater than the absorbed
photons. Then n1 and n2 are:
(A) n2 = 4, n1 = 3 (B) n2 = 5, n1 =3 (C) n2 = 4, n1 = 2 (D) n2 = 4, n1 = 1
55 The electron in a hydrogen atom makes transition from M shell to L. The ratio of magnitudes of
initial to final centripetal acceleration of the electron is
(A) 9 : 4 (B) 81 : 16 (C) 4 : 9 (D) 16 : 81

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56 The electron in a hydrogen atom makes a transition n1 n2 whose n1 and n2 are the principal
quantum numbers of the two states. Assume the Bohr model to be valid. The frequency of orbital
motion of the electron in the initial state is 1/27 of that in the final state. The possible values of n1
and n2 are
(A) n1= 4, n2 = 2 (B) n1 = 3, n2 = 1 (C) n1 = 8, n2 = 1 (D) n1 = 6, n2 = 3

57 The radius of Bohr’s first orbit is a0. The electron in nth orbit has a radius:
(A) na0 (B) a0/n (C) n2a0 (D) a0/n2

58 The ionisation potential of hydrogen atom is 13.6 volt. The energy required to remove an electron
from the second orbit of hydrogen is:
(A) 3.4 eV (B) 6.8 eV (C) 13.6 eV (D) 27.2 eV
59 Electron in a hydrogen atom is replaced by an identically charged particle muon with mass 207 times
that of electron. Now the radius of K shell will be
(A) 2.56 × 10–3 Å (B) 109.7 Å (C) 1.21 × 10–3 Å (D) 22174.4 Å

60 Monochromatic radiation of wavelength is incident on a hydrogen sample containing in ground

state. Hydrogen atoms absorb the light and subsequently emit radiations of ten different wavelengths.
The value of is
(A) 95 nm (B) 103 nm (C) 73 nm (D) 88 nm

61 When a hydrogen atom, initially at rest emits, a photon resulting in transition n = 5 n = 1, its
recoil speed is about
(A) 10–4 m/s (B) 2 × 10 –2 m/s (C) 4.2 m/s (D) 3.8 × 10–2 m/s

62 An electron collides with a fixed hydrogen atom in its ground state. Hydrogen atom gets excited and
the colliding electron loses all its kinetic energy. Consequently the hydrogen atom may emit a photon
corresponding to the largest wavelength of the Balmer series. The min. K.E.of colliding electron will
be
(A) 10.2 eV (B) 1.9 eV (C) 12.1 eV (D) 13.6 eV

63 The frequency of revolution of electron in nth Bohr orbit is n. The graph between log n and log ( n /
1) may be

(A) (B) (C) (D)

64 Consider the spectral line resulting from the transition n = 2 n = 1 in the atoms and ions given
below. The shortest wavelength is produced by :
(A) hydrogen atom (B) deuterium atom
(C) singly ionized helium (D) doubly ionized lithium
65 In an atom, two electrons move around the nucleus in circular orbits of radii R and 4R. The ratio of
the time taken by them to complete one revolution is: (neglect electric interaction)
(A) 1 : 4 (B) 4 : 1 (C) 1 : 8 (D) 8 : 1

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66 The electron in hydrogen atom in a sample is in nth excited state, then the number of different
spectrum lines obtained in its emission spectrum will be :
(A) 1 + 2 + 3 + ..........+(n – 1) (B) 1 + 2 + 3 + ....................+ ( n )
(C) 1 + 2 + 3 + ..........+(n + 1) (D) 1 × 2 × 3 × ...................× (n – 1)

67 The total energy of a hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13.6eV. If the potential energy in the first
excited state is taken as zero then the total energy in the ground state will be :
(A) -3.4eV (B) 3.4 eV (C) – 6.8eV (D) 6.8eV

68 A neutron collides head on with a stationary hydrogen atom in ground state

(A) If kinetic energy of the neutron is less than 13.6eV, collision must be elastic
(B) if kinetic energy of the neutron is less than 13.6eV, collision may be inelastic.
(C) inelastic collision takes place when initial kinetic energy of neutron is greater than 13.6eV.
(D) perfectly inelastic collision cannot take place.

69 The electron in a hydrogen atom make a transition from an excited state to the ground state. Which
of the following statement is true ?
(A) Its kinetic energy increases and its potential and total energies decrease
(B) Its kinetic energy decreases, potential energy increases and its total energy remains the same.
(C) Its kinetic and total energies decrease and its potential energy increases.
(D) its kinetic potential and total energies decreases.

70 The magnitude of angular momentum, orbit radius and frequency of revolution of electron in
hydrogen atom corresponding to quantum number n are L, r and f respectively. Then according to
Bohr's theory of hydrogen atom,
(A) fr2L is constant for all orbits (B) frL is constant for all orbits
(C) f2rL is constant for all orbits (D) frL2 is constant for all orbits

71 In a characteristic X– ray spectra of some atom superimposed on

continuous X– ray spectra:
(A) P represents K line
(B) Q represents K line
(C) Q and P represents K and K lines respectively
(D) Relative positions of K and K depend on the particular atom

72 The “K ” X-rays emission line of tungsten occurs at = 0.021 nm. The energy difference between K
and L levels in this atom is about
(A) 0.51 MeV (B) 1.2 MeV (C) 59 keV (D) 13.6 eV

73 Consider the nuclear reaction

X200 A110 + B90
If the binding energy per nucleon for X, A and B is 7.4 MeV, 8.2. MeV and 8.2 MeV respectively,
what is the energy released ?
(A) 200 MeV (B) 160 MeV (C) 110 MeV (D) 90 MeV

74 The binding energy per nucleon for C12 is 7.68 MeV and that for C13 is 7.5 MeV. The energy
required to remove a neutron from C13 is
(A) 5.34 MeV (B) 5.5 MeV (C) 9.5 MeV (D) 9.34 MeV

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