vks' kks fl)kFkZ

,d ln~xq# dh thou ;k=kk

vks'kks fl)kFkZ
,d ln~xq# dh thou ;k=kk

vks'kks nsosUnz
 bl iqLrd vFkok bl iqLrd ds fdlh va'k dks bySDVªkWfud] eSdsfudy]
iQksVksdkih fjdkfMZax ;k vU; lwpuk&laxzg lk/ukas ,ao ekè;eksa }kjk eqfnzr
izdkf'kr djus ds iwoZ vks'kks/kjk VªLV dh fyf[kr vuqefr vfuok;Z gSA

izLrqfr % vks'kks/kjk ukud è;ku eafnj

vks'kks/kjk ukud/ke
4 xzke % eqjFky&131027
lksuhir&gfj;k.kk
iQksu % 0130&2483911@3] 3290388
Web Site : www.oshodhara.org.in
E-mail: [email protected]

ewY; % 50@& :i;s

fMt+kbu % Lokeh vkuUn lUns'k ¼eukst ctkt½

eqnzd %
 Hkwfedk
ijexq# vks'kks vius vkJe ds fy, dgk djrs Fks] fd ;g eafnj
ugha] eèkq'kkyk gSA ;gka vkRek esa <yh 'kjkc fiykbZ tkrh gSA ihus okys
cny tkrs gSa] fiykus okys cny tkrs gaS] ij eèkq'kkyk ugha feVrhA dHkh
dgha çdV gksrh gS] dHkh dghaA tgka Hkh] tc Hkh dksbZ HkDr Hkxoku~~ esa
yhu gksrk gS] ogha eèkq'kkyk [kqy tkrh gSA
i`Foh ij egklkSHkkX; dh ?kVuk ,d ckj fiQj ?kVhA ln~xq# vks'kks
fl¼kFkZ th ds ijeKku dks miyCèk gksus ds lkFk gh eèkq'kkyk fiQj [kqy
xbZA ;g eèkq'kkyk dc] dSls [kqyh] bldh dqN ppkZ ge bl iqLrd esa
djus tk jgs gSaA
dykRed çfrHkk ds èkuh] oSKkfud fpÙk] fo'ys"k.kkRedrk vkSj
laosnu'khyrk dk tgka vn~Hkqr la;ksx feyrk gS] ftudh iSuh vkSj eeZHksnh
n`f"V ds lHkh dk;y gSa] fe=krk vkSj f'k"Vrk tgka vkJ; ikrh gSa] ,sls] 5
vn~Hkqr okd~ 'kfDr ds Lokeh] çKkiq#"k] ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th] ftUgsa
ge çse ls ^cM+s Lokeh th* dgrs gSa] mudk thou pfjr ;gka çLrqr gSA
ln~xq# ls muds çopuksa ds nkSjku dHkh&dHkh tc ge muls muds
cpiu ds] fo|kFkhZ thou ds] O;kolkf;d thou ds] lkèkuk dky ds
vFkok ikfjokfjd thou ds laLej.k lqurs Fks] rks [kwc çsj.kk feyrh FkhA
rc ,slk Hkko curk Fkk fd ,sls laLej.kksa dk ladyu dj ;fn ,d iqLrd
dk :i ns fn;k tk,] rks lHkh lkèkdksa ds fy, çsj.kknk;d jgsxkA çLrqr
iqLrd vfLrRo dk ge lc ds fy, ogh çlkn gSA blesa ln~xq# ls
vyx&vyx fo"k;ksa ij ckrphr] muds laLej.k] muds f'k{kd ,oa
ifjokj ds yksxksa rFkk dqN lkèkdksa ls dh xbZ ckrphr ds va'k Hkh 'kkfey
gSaA

µvks'kks nsosUæ
6
 vuqØe

fo"k;&lwph

1- ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th µ ,d ifjp; 9

2- 'kcjh ?kj gksob lxquok] vkt ?kj jke v;gSa uk 13
3- ns[kks! ohjsUæ vkt dgka igqap x, gSa! 17
4- ckyd ohjsUæ µ ,d lEiknd ,oa dfo 22
5- vUrdZFkk dks"k 24
6- eUoUrj&o.kZu vkSj çkphu Hkkjrh; dky&x.kuk 25
7- os ,d vkn'kZ ifr gSa 27 7
8- ikik ge ij cgqr fo'okl djrs Fks 32
9- HkbZ;k cpiu ls gh nsork Fks 37
10- xkao dk dksbZ xaobZ [ksy gks] esjs HkS;k mlds uk;d Fks 41
11- mudks ftruk vuqHko gS mruk gh dgrs gSa 45
12- igys eq>s xkfy;ka nks 46
13- fofHkUu larksa ls esjh eqykdkr 47
14- esjk laU;kl xzg.k ,oa vks'kks ls eqykdkr 53
15- dkS'ky pØ vfHk;ku% vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th dk ;ksxnku 56
16- ml jkr dh ckr 63
17- lkèkuk ,oa lEcksfèk 71
 18- vks'kksèkkjk dk mn~xe 74
19- vks'kksèkkjk fnol 76
20- ln~xq# dk eq> ij ,d dje gS 77
21- çHkq Mksjh gkFk rqEgkjs 83
22- nks larksa dk eèkqj feyu 89
23- fl¼koLFkk D;k gS 95
24- vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th µ esjs ekxZn'kZd 97
25- mUgksaus gesa fnO; ukn vkSj lekfèk ds jgL; le>k, 99
26- vks'kksèkkjk lgtkuan èkke dh LFkkiuk 101
27- vks'kksèkkjk lgtkuan èkke dk yksdkiZ.k 103
8 28- vks'kks ls tqM+uk lcls cM+h miyfCèk 109
29- lkjs larksa dk eq[; vkèkkj vksadkj gS 110
30- vks'kksèkkjk us vè;kRe dks oSKkfud <ax ls çLrqr fd;k gS 111
31- vks'kks dk liuk gh esjk liuk 112
32- banzèkuq"kh; thou 113
33- vks'kksèkkjk dk ifjp; 116
34- vks'kksèkkjk ds lekf/ dk;Zdze 117
35- vks'kksèkkjk izKk dk;Zdze 120
 ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th
µ ,d ifjp;
23 flracj 1942] Hkknz iwf.kZek dks
jksgrkl ftyk] fcgkj ds dekZ xkao esa vkidk
tUe gqvkA usrjgkV vkoklh; fo|ky; esa
1955 ls 1961 rd ekè;fed f'k{kk çkIr dhA rRi'pkr~ Hkkjrh; [kfu
fo|kihB (èkuckn) ls Hkw foKku esa ,e-,l-lh] ,-vkbZ-,l-,e- (1966)
dh f'k{kk çkIr dh] 1975 esa ih-,p-Mh- dh fMxzh çkIr dh vkSj vkB
o"kks± rd ogha vè;kiu dk;Z fd;kA
eSupsLVj fctusl Ldwy ls çcaèku esa lhfu;j ,Dt+hD;wfVo dkslZ
fd;kA fczfV'k ekbfuax dUlYVsUV~l ls mPp çcaèku dk çf'k{k.k fy;kA 9
vc rd vkids 36 'kksèk ys[k rFkk 12 iqLrdsa çdkf'kr gks pqdh gSaA
^dks;ys dh xos"k.kk* iqLrd ij ^bafnjk xkaèkh jktHkk"kk iqjLdkj* ls
lEekfur fd, x;sA
vki vud s jgL;n'khZ lfwiQ;kas o lrakas ds ikl vè;kRe dh [kkt
s eas x;As
lca¼q ijex#q vk'skks ds uo&lUa;kl eas iuwk eas 13 ebZ 1980 dks nhf{kr gks
x;As fnlcaj 1988 eas lrkjsh dh ?kVuk dk vuHqko gv q kA vkius 1989 eas
Hkkjrh; ;kxs ,oa çcèaku lLaFkku dh LFkkiuk dh rFkk 1992 eas dk'Sky
pظ dh [kkt s dh] ftleas vkids ekxnZ'kuZ eas O;fDrxr o lkefwgd cgrq
liQyrk,a vftrZ dh xbA± 5 ekpZ 1997 dks vki lcakfsèk dks miyCèk gks
x;As vkius vk'skkèskkjk vkRetkxj.k ds bDdhl rykas ds dk;Ø Z ekas dh
oKSkfud <xa ls tkp a dj :ij[skk r;Skj dh] tks [kkfst;kas ds fy, vè;kRe
dh jkg ij vkxs c<u+s eas vHkrwiowZ ennxkj lkfcr gks jgh gAS
 ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th vks'kksèkkjk xaxks=kh èkke] lkSjkgk (usiky)]
vks'kksèkkjk vkuan èkke ekèkksiqj (iatkc)] vks'kksèkkjk ukud èkke eqjFky
,oa vks'kksèkkjk lgtkuan èkke] dekZ (fcgkj) ds laj{kd gSaA vkids
ekxZn'kZu esa Hkkjr ,oa fons'kksa esa vè;kRe lkèkuk ds dk;ZØe fujarj py
jgs gSaA vkidh ,d I;kjh dfork dh çsj.kknk;d iafDr;ka gSa %&
gj ;qx esa ukfod vkrs gSa] dqN uwru ?kkV cukrs gSaA
rS;kj [kM+s tks pyus dks] os mUgsa ikj ys tkrs gSaA
[kqy jgh ,d gS uko vHkh] er dguk feyk u nkao dHkhA
vFk ln~xq# 'kj.ka xPNkfe] Hkt vks'kks 'kj.ka xPNkfeA

10
11
12
 'kcjh ?kj gksob lxquok]
vkt ?kj jke v;gSa uk

13

ge lHkh cpiu ls gh jke vkSj d`".k ds vorj.k dh dFkk,a lqurs

vk, gSaA bu dFkkvksa esa vorkjksa ds ekrk&firk ,sls HkDr Fks] ftUgksaus vius
çHkq dks] vius çHkq ls gh iq=k ds :i esa ikus dh dkeuk dj nh FkhA
HkDroRly ijekRek D;k dHkh uk dj ldrk gS\,sls gh ijeHkDr
ekrk&firk ds tUe&tUekUrjksa dk iq.; mfnr gksrk gS] tc muds ?kj
fdlh egku~ psruk dk tUe gksrk gSA
fcgkj çkar dh ikou feV~Vh esa cq¼] egkohj] nfj;k ds :i esa çHkq dk
vorj.k gqvkA bl feV~Vh us jke ds indey pwes FksA jke] cq¼] egkohj
dks fonk gq, dkiQh le; chr pqdk gSA ;g ikou èkjrh iqu% vius çHkq ds
vkxeu ds fy, çrh{kkjr FkhA ,slh gh mRdV çrh{kk esa jr Fkh ek¡ ns'kjkuh
vkSj firk i`FohukFk flagA cpiu ls gh ekrk ns'kjkuh ,d I;kjk Hktu
xkrh] ¶'kcjh ?kj gksob lxquok] vkt ?kj jke v;gSa ukA¸
 --- vkSj muds ?kj lpeqp gh jke vk x,] mUgha ds iq=k cudj] ohjsUæ
dqekj flag ds :i esa] tks vkxs pydj cus µ vks'kks fl¼kFkZA
ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th dk vorj.k fnukad 23 flrEcj 1942 dks
fcgkj çkar ds vkjk tuin (orZeku esa jksgrkl ftyk) ds dekZ xzke esa
gqvkA firk i`FohukFk flag ,oa ekrk ns'kjkuh th ds ?kj jke us iqu% tUe
fy;kA
(çHkq ds bl vorj.k ds iwoZ eSa çsefueXu ikBdksa dks xq#nso ds bl
ifjokj esa vkus dh Hkwfedk dks crkuk pkgw¡xkA LoxhZ; i`FohukFk flag th ds
firkLoxhZ;lcyk;dflagdekZxzkedsekfuanfdlkuifjokjlsvkrsFksAos
vius le; ds lqfo[;kr igyoku FksA lkFk gh ,d vk'kq dfo Hkh FksA xq#nso
dsnknkthusvkRelEekuvkSjU;k;dhj{kkdsfy,yachdkuwuhyM+kbZyM+hA
ijUrqdHkhHkhvU;kf;;ksadsle{k?kqVusughaVsdsAblU;k;dhyM+kbZesamuds
[ksr gou gks x,A ifj.kkeLo:i xjhch vkbZ] ij vkRelEeku vkSj U;k; dh
14 j{kk dk cy ijoku p<+kA bUgha fojklrksa ds ekfyd cus LoxhZ; i`FohukFk
flagA os vR;ar esèkkoh Fks] ijarq vius firk dh enn ds fy, muls vuqjksèk
fd;kfdeSai<+kbZNksM+fdlkughcuwaxkAcqf¼ekufirkusdgkfdpyksèkku
ds fcpM+s Mky vk;saA cS'kk[k dh rirh tehu] 'k;j (,d cM+k fVuk tks nks
jfLl;ksa ls caèkk gksrk gS vkSj nks O;fDr;ksa }kjk [ksrksa esa ikuh myhpus ds dke
vkrkgS)ftlds,dNksjijigyokufirkvkSjnwljsNksjijNksVkckyd]
vkf[kjfdruhnsjfVdikrk\
rc firk us vius iq=k dks le>k;k vkSj mUgha iq=kjRu LoxhZ; i`FohukFk
flag us ladYi fy;k fd vc i<w¡xkA ml tekus esa fefMy ikl fd;k] tks fd
vklikl ds xk¡oksa esa nqyZHk n`"Vkar gksrk FkkA LoxhZ; i`FohukFk flag us f'k{kd
dkis'kkviuk;kvkSjukSdjhdjrsgq,eSfVªdiklfd;kAfoKkuvkSjvaxzsth
dk Kku rks mudk vn~Hkqr FkkA nwljk fo'o;q¼ vkus ij iQkSt esa HkrhZ gq, vkSj
cekZ lhek ij ohjrk ls yM+sA vaxzst vfèkdkjh Hkh mudh ohjrk] 'kkyhurk
vkSj vaxzsth ds Kku dk vknj fd;k djrs FksA vU;k; ds f[kykiQ u dHkh nknk
th us gkj ekuh vkSj u firk usA vkt Hkh dekZ ds yksx bu nksuksa larks dks cgqr
vknjvkSjlEekuls;knfd;kdjrsgSaA)
bUgha egku~ foHkwfr;ksa ds ifjokj esa tUe ysus okyk ;g ckyd Hkh tUe
ds le; ls gh vn~Hkqr FkkA vkt Hkh dekZ xk¡o ds pan thfor cM+s&cqtqxZ
dgrs gSa fd ml ckyd ds yykV ls jks'kuh tSls iQwV iM+rh FkhA ckyd
dk uke ohjsUæ j[kk x;kA ckyd ohjsUæ dh tUedqaMyh mlds ukuk us
vius ,d ;ksX;re iafMr ls cuokbZA dqaMyh dk iQykiQy ,slk fn[kk fd
cw<+s iafMr us dgk fd ,slh dqaMyh mlus vius thou dky
esa dsoy ,d gh cukbZ gS vkSj dgk fd ;fn ;g ckyd
cp x;k rks fu'p; gh ijeKku dks miyCèk gksxk vkSj og
dqaMyh v'kqHk tku ml czkã.k ds ;gk¡ gh NksM+ nh xbZA
f'k{kd firk dks vius tekus ds [;kfr çkIr foØexat ds MkW- dgjck
flag us çkFkZuk dh fd esjs yM+ds dks V~;w'ku i<+k nsa] vkSj iwNk fd bldk
15
ikfjJfed D;k ysxsa\Mk- lkgc dks Vkyus ds [;ky ls f'k{kd LoxhZ;
i`FohukFk flag th us dgk fd ik¡p #i;s yw¡xkA ml tekus ds loZJs"B
f'k{kd nks #i;s ekgokj fy;k djrs FksA Mk- lkgc us dgk fd eSa vkidks
iaæg #i;s ekgokj nw¡xkA vki esjs yM+ds dks usrjgkV Ldwy dh ços'k
ijh{kk ds fy, rS;kj dj nsaA f'k{kd firk dh vk¡[kksa esa ,d ubZ jks'kuh
mHkjh fd D;ksa u vius ohjsUæ dks usrjgkV Ldwy ds fy, rS;kj djsaA rc
og 'kk;n usrjgkV Ldwy ds ckjs esa tkurs Hkh ugha FksA vkSj bl rjg
ckyd ohjsUæ vius çFke ç;kl esa gh usrjgkV Ldwy ds fy, pqu fy,
x,A lkjk bykdk [kqf'k;ksa ls >we mBk] D;ksafd lkjs çkar esa ckyd ohjsUæ
us ml bykds dk uke jks'ku fd;k Fkk
16
 ns[kks! ohjsUæ vkt dgka igqap x, gSa!
(vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th ds f'k{kd
J¼ss; Mk- fefFkys'k dkafr th ls lk{kkRdkj)

17

ç'u & vki gekjs ln~xq# ds f'k{kd jgs gSaA dbZ ckj os gesa
vius fo|kFkhZ dky ds laLej.k lqukrs le; vkidk uke cM+h
J¼kiwoZd ysrs gSaA vkt vkids eq[k ls muds fo"k; esa dqN
lquuk cgqr gh jksekapdkjh gksxkA lcls igys ge tkuuk pkgsaxs
fd os vkids lEidZ esa dc vk,\
J¼s; dkafr th & vki lc dks laHkor% ekywe gh gksxk fd vks'kks
fl¼kFkZ th usrjgkV vkoklh; mPprj fo|ky; ds fo|kFkhZ FksA eSa ogka
f'k{kd FkkA ogk¡ ij cPpksa dk ços'k 5oha d{kk ls çfr;ksfxrk ds vkèkkj ij
gqvk djrk FkkA lu~ 1955 flrEcj ekg esa nwljk cSp vk;kA mlesa ohjsUæ
dqekj flag uke ls tks ckyd vk;k] lkSHkkX; ls og esjs vkJe
(Nk=kkokl) esa gh vk;kA gj Nk=kkokl esa 20 Nk=k] vkJekè;{k ds ifjokj
ds lkFk gh jgrs FksA lHkh yksx feytqy dj ogka dh lkjh O;oLFkk djrs
 FksA ohjsUæ] tks fd vc brus cM+s fl¼ gks x, gSa&tc Hkh mudk uke vkrk
gS] mudk cky :i esjh ut+jksa ds lkeus vk tkrk gS µ blfy, eSa ohjsUæ
gh dgs tk jgk gw¡] dHkh fl¼kFkZ ugha dg ik jgk gw¡A---
ç'u & ,d fo|kFkhZ ds ukrs fo|ky; esa mudh fLFkfr dSlh Fkh\
J¼s; dkafr th & 'kq: ls gh eSaus ns[kk fd ohjsUæ ,d dq'kkxz cqf¼
dk fo|kFkhZ FkkA mlesa ,d rsth Fkh] ,d yyd Fkh dke djus dh] vkxs
c<+dj dqN tku ysus dhA og dykRed çfrHkk dk èkuh FkkA mlds
lkFk&lkFk mlesa oSKkfudrk dk cM+k va'k Hkh FkkA ;g la;ksx de feyrk
gS fd oSKkfudrk vkSj dykRedrk] laosnu'khyrk vkSj fo'ys"k.kkRedrk
dk leUo; gksA ohjsUæ us ,d ckj dgk fd Jheku~ th! vki rks fgUnh Hkh
dHkh&dHkh foKku dh rjg i<+krs gSaA eq>s vPNk yxk fd blus ckr
idM+hA D;ksafd cgqr ls f'k{kd Hkh ;g ckr ugha idM+ ik jgs Fks fd ;g
i¼fr dqN oSKkfud i¼fr gS] ftlesa lkfgR; i<+k;k tk jgk gSA budh
18 n`f"V iSuh vkSj eeZHksnh FkhA buesa FkksM+h fe=krk] f'k"Vrk vkSj FkksM+k lk
Vdjko Hkh jgrk FkkA ;s tYnh fdlh dh ckr ekuus dks rS;kj ugha gksrs FksA
ç'u & ikB~;iqLrdksa ds vfrfjDr fo|ky; esa pyus okyh vU;
xfrfofèk;ksa esa Hkh D;k mudk #>ku Fkk\
J¼s; dkafr th & gk¡! 'kh?kz gh blesa] ,d o"kZ esa gh tks y{k.k çdV
gksus 'kq: gq,] og Fks] budk lkfgR; dh vksj #>ku vkSj nwljh pht
vè;;u'khyrkA èkkfeZd xzaFkksa dh vksj budh #fp cgqr FkhA çse pUn dk
lEiw.kZ lkfgR; bUgksaus igys gh i<+ fy;k FkkA 11&12 o"kZ dh mez esa
çHkqnÙk czãpkjh dh fy[kh gqbZ Hkxorh dFkk] tks 108 Hkkxksa esa Fkh] i<+ yh
FkhA egkHkkjr] jkek;.k] vusd iqjk.k] Le`fr;ka] bu lc dk bUgksaus
vè;;u dj fy;k FkkA
bUgksaus dqN vUrdZFkkvksa dk ladyu fd;k Fkk] ftldk uke j[kk Fkk
^vUrdZFkk dks"k* tks ml Lrj ds cPpksa ds fy, cgqr dfBu gSA oSKkfud
n`f"V ls bUgksaus Hkkjrh; dky x.kuk djds ,d ys[k fy[kk Fkk] ftlesa
=kljs.kq ls ysdj eUoUrj rd dh x.kuk dh xbZ gSA ewy xzaFkksa dks i<+dj
,d 11 lky dk cPpk ,slk xw<+ ys[k fy[k ldrk gS] mls ns[kdj rks
yxrk Fkk fd mlesa ,d vfXu gS] ,d fpaxkjh gS tks vkxs pkgs oSKkfud
ds :i esa HkHkds] pkgs lkfgR;dkj ds :i esa vkSj pkgs fdlh vkè;kfRed
O;fDrRo ds :i esaA
ç'u & vkt ge mUgsa ns[krs gSa fd os pgq¡eq[kh çfrHkkvksa ds èkuh
gSaA os ,d dfo Hkh gSa] gksE;ksiSfFkd MkDVj Hkh gSa] iz[kj oDrk Hkh
gSa] vusd iqLrdksa ds ys[kd Hkh gSa] ,d oSKkfud ço`fr ds euh"kh
Hkh gSa] dksy bf.M;k esa ,d dq'ky ,oa liQy egkçcUèkd Hkh jgs
gSaA rks D;k fo|kFkhZ dky esa Hkh mudh çfrHkkvksa dk vadqju
ifjyf{kr gks jgk Fkk\
J¼s; dkafr th & ohjsUæ us viuk uke ohjsUæ ^eèkqdj* j[k fy;k
FkkA blh uke ls og viuh eèkqj jpuk,¡ fy[kus yxk FkkA oSKkfud ys[k
Hkh fy[ks FksA ;s ys[k fo|ky; dh ^foKku&lfefr* esa i<+dj lquk;s tkrs
FksA vkxs pydj bUgksaus ^dks;ys dh xos"k.kk* uked iqLrd fy[khA 19
ftldks ^bfUnjk xk¡èkh jkt Hkk"kk iqjLdkj* ls lEekfur fd;k x;k FkkA
,slh iqLrd vc rd vaxzsth esa Hkh ugha fy[kh xbZ FkhA ;fn os bl iqLrd
dks vaxzsth esa fy[krs rks oSKkfud txr esa mudh vfèkd çfr"Bk gksrhA
fdUrq mUgksaus ;g iqLrd viuh ekr` Hkk"kk esa fy[kdj viuh ekr`Hkwfe dk
lEeku c<+k;kA tc os lh-ih-,e-vkbZ-Mh- esa Fks rks bUgksaus ^ns'kdky
lEink* if=kdk dk lEiknu fd;k vkSj ^dkS'kypØ* if=kdk fudkyhA
bUgksaus yksxksa dks le>k;k fd dq'kyrk D;k gksrh gS\bUgksaus cM+s&cM+s
ç'kkldksa ,oa çcUèkdksa ds vUnj ,slh {kerk mRiUu dh fd os çR;sd
dk;Z esa oSKkfud <ax ls lkspus yxsA eq>s irk pyk gS fd lkèkuk ds {ks=k
dks Hkh bUgksaus ,d oSKkfud vkèkkj fn;k gSA vkSj dfBu ls dfBu lkèkuk
dks cgqr ljy cuk fn;k gSA
mudh #fp [ksy esa Hkh cgqr vPNh FkhA fo'ks"k djds os ml le;
Vscy Vsful ds loksZÙke f[kykM+h FksA ,d jkspd çlax gS fd çfr;ksfxrk
 gks jgh Fkh vkSj esjs gh vkJe ds nks fo|kFkhZ ohjsUæ eèkqdj vkSj jfoUæ
iafMr (tks fd vc Mk;jsDVj tujy ds in ls fjVk;j gq, gSa) bu nksuksa ds
chp esa iQkbuy çfr;ksfxrk gks jgh FkhA ohjsUæ [ksyrs le; vkØked <ax
ls [ksy jgs Fks vkSj jfoUæ iafMr cpko dj jgs FksA og ohjsUæ eèkqdj dks
Fkdkuk pkgrs Fks] vkSj pkgrs Fks fd og vkØked [ksysaA ;gh otg Fkh
fd ohjsUæ eèkqdj gkj x,] ysfdu [ksy mUgha dk ljkgk x;kA vkSj ;gh
dgk x;k fd iafMr rqe thrs ugha gks] ohjsUæ gkj x;k gSA ;g ,d cgqr
cM+h ckr FkhA
ukVdksa esa Hkh mudh cM+h #fp FkhA ,d ckj ,d cM+k ukVd gqvk
^dks.kkdZ*A mlesa bUgksaus çeq[krk ls Hkkx fy;kA çeq[k ik=k tks ^fo'kq*
f'kYih Fkk] mlds iq=k ^/Eein* dk vfHku; bUgksaus fd;k FkkA cgqr vPNk
oks ukVd gqvk vkSj blesa budh Hkwfedk çeq[k vkSj çHkko'kkyh FkhA
vfHku; ds {ks=k esa Hkh ;g vPNs FksA
20 ç'u & ftl le; mudk thou :ih iq"i ,d uUgha dyh Fkk]
D;k vè;kRe dh lqokl rc Hkh muds thou ls mB jgh Fkh\
J¼s; dkafr th & ;s ,d cgqvk;keh O;fDrRo ds ckyd FksA
blfy, bUgksaus foKku] vè;kRe vkSj lkfgR;] ;s rhu vk;ke eq[; :i ls
pqu djds buesa vkxs c<+us dk ç;Ru fd;kA budk >qdko igys ls gh
vkè;kfRed lkèkuk dh vksj FkkA ckydiu ls gh vkè;kfRed KkuktZu
dh vksj budh #fp Li"V fn[kkbZ iM+rh FkhA bUgksaus tgka dkfynkl dks
i<+k Fkk ogha vKs; dks Hkh i<+k FkkA lar lkfgR; ij vkpk;Z ij'kqjke dh
,d çfl¼ iqLrd gS] eSaus budks mlds iUus iyVrs ns[kk FkkA Nk=kkokl esa
rc ,slh fLFkfr ugha Fkh fd ,d dksus esa tkdj cSB tk,a vkSj vè;;u
djsaA fdUrq ;s lnk vè;;ujr jgrs FksA
ç'u & vkids fo|kFkhZ jgs vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th czãKku dks
miyCèk gq, vkSj vkt os ,d ln~xq# gSa] vks'kksèkkjk ds ç.ksrk gSaA
gtkjksa yksx muls ekxn'kZu ysdj lkèkuk dj jgs gSaA vkidks dSlk
yx jgk gS\
J¼s; dkafr th & vPNk yx jgk gSA cgqr gh vPNk yx jgk gSA
vkSj ftl le; eq>s ekywe gqvk fd ;s vkè;kfRed ekxZ esa bruk c<+ x,
gSa rks eSaus rRdky gh tkdj viuh iRuh] tks fd budks cgqr çse djrh
Fkha] ls dgk fd ns[kks ohjsUæ fdruk vkxs c<+ x;k gSA gekjk ,d Nk=k]
gekjk tks ,d cPpk gS] gekjk tks csVk gS] bl fLFkfr ij igq¡p x;k gS]
tgka dksbZ&dksbZ igqaprk gSA tc eq>s irk yxk fd budh veqd ckck ls
HksaV gqbZ ;k veqd lkèkuk dj jgs gSa] rks eq>s yxrk Fkk fd oks lc vPNk
dj jgs gSaA ysfdu ;s ugha lkspk Fkk fd bruk vkxs c<+ x, gSaA vkSj tc
eq>s irk pyk] rks eq>s vkfRed larks"k vkSj vkuUn dk vuqHko gqvkA eq>s
yxk tSls eSa gh ogka igq¡p x;k gw¡A eSa lcdks crkrk gw¡ fd ns[kks! ohjsUæ
vkt dgka igqap x;s gSaA tSls Hkxoku~ jtuh'k us ,d u;s vkè;kRe dh
uhao j[kh Fkh] mlh rjg ohjsUæ us vks'kksèkkjk dh uhao j[kh gSA esjs fy,
blls vfèkd iz'kalk vkSj larks"k dh ckr vkSj D;k gks ldrh gS\ esjh 21
'kqHkdkeuk,a vkSj vk'khokZn muds lkFk gSaA vkè;kfRed ekxZ ls HkVds gq,
vius xq# eNsUæukFk dks muds f'k"; xksj[kukFk us lUekxZ fn[kk;k FkkA
esjh Hkh vfHkyk"kk gS fd eq>s Hkh esjk f'k"; lUekxZ fn[kk, vkSj ;g
dgdj txk, fd ¶tkx eNsUnj] xksj[k vk;k¸A
 ckyd ohjsUæ µ ,d lEiknd ,oa dfo

22

ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th tc 12 o"kZ ds fo|kFkhZ] ohjsUæ dqekj

flag ^eèkqdj* Fks] rc mUgksaus ,d if=kdk fudkyh Fkh] ftldk uke
Fkk ^coaMj*A os ml if=kdk ds lEiknd FksA bl if=kdk esa vusd
ys[kd fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh gLrfyf[kr jpuk,a FkhA ^eèkqdj* th dh Hkh
dqN jpuk,a FkhA ;gk¡ ge mudh ,d jpuk ^[kqjNkj jgk gS* 'kh"kZd
ls çdkf'kr dj jgs gSaA ns'k çse dh ;g dfork vkt Hkh ikBdksa esa
ohj jl dk lapkj djus esa l{ke gSA
 [kqjNkj jgk gS
gksBksa ds Åij dk L;key jax vkt [kqjNkj jgk gSA
Hkhuh&Hkhuh] eLr tokuh dh dsoy cl ,d fu'kkuh]
esjs rsoj ns[k vkt rwiQku cusxk lhèks ikuhA
esjs Hkkjr dh Nkrh ij nq'eu >aMk xkM+ jgk gSA
vksBksa ds Åij dk L;key jx vkt [kqjNkj jgk gSA
vkt u dkUgk dh oa'kh ds eknd Loj >ad`r gksaxs]
gk¡] 'k=kq dkfy;k ds iQ.k ij mlds in urZud`r gksaxs]
tkus D;ksa çy; epk nsus dks vUrj eu iQaqiQdkj jgk gS]
vksBksa ds Åij dk L;key jx vkt [kqjNkj jgk gSA 23
ikxy ?kM+h dystk Nyds] vYgM+ ehjk ru&ru tk,]
jk.kk dh Le`fr fpuxkjh cu varj esa vkx yxk,]
Bgjks! , uxjkt] u ur gks] lkjk Hkkjr tkx jgk gSA
vksBksa ds Åij dk L;key jax vkt [kqjNkj jgk gSA
gw¡ mUeÙk] NsM+s uk NsM+s dksbZ] j.k ?ku?kksj epkvks]
ekndrk mUekn cuh gS] ?kksj gykgy Hkh ih tkvks]
xaxs] xk laxhr] u jks vc] dkSu rq>s yydkj jgk gS
gksBksa ds Åij dk L;key jax vkt [kqjNkj jgk gSA
 vUrdZFkk dks"k

24

vknj.kh; fefFkys'k dkfUr th (ln~xq# th ds f'k{kd) us vius

lk{kkRdkj esa dgk fd muds f'k"; us 11&12 o"kZ dh vk;q esa gh
vusd iqjk.k] mifu"kn~] xhrk] jkek;.k] Jhen~Hkkxor] egkHkkjr
vkfn xzaFk i<+ fy;s FksA dsoy i<+s gh ugha Fks cfYd mu xzUFkksa esa tks
jkspd vkSj KkuoèkZd dFkk,a Fkha] mudk ,d vPNk [kklk ladyu
Hkh dj fy;k Fkk] ftldk uke j[kk Fkk & ^vUrdZFkk&dks"k*A ge
mijksDr ladyu ds eq[k i`"B dh ,d iQksVks çfr] tks ml le; ds
ckyd ohjsUæ dqekj flag ^eèkqdj* us vius gkFk ls cuk;k Fkk] ;gka
çdkf'kr dj jgs gSaA ;g (çfr) mudh fp=kdyk dk Hkh ifjp;
nsrh gSA ladyu dh çFke dFkk tks eUoUrj o.kZu vkSj çkphu
Hkkjrh; dky x.kuk lfgr gS] dks Hkh ge ikBdksa ds fy;s v{kj'k%
 eUoUrj&o.kZu vkSj
çkphu Hkkjrh; dky&x.kuk
&ohjsUæ] r`rh; o"kZ ^d*

gekjs vè;kReoknh Íf"k;ksa us dky&foHkktu ds fy, ijkRij çHkq dk

gh vkJ; fy;k gSA ijkRij çHkq dks gh loZ'kfDreku ,oa lHkh dk;ks± dk
çsjd cryk;k gSA fdUrq dky&foHkktu dk o.kZu mUgksaus dqN bl çdkj
fd;k gS ftlls og dqN vLokHkkfod lk yxrk gSA ij ijkRij çHkq ds
vfLrRo ,oa mldh lÙkk ij fo'okl dj ysus ds i'pkr~ bl vkn'kZ
dky&foHkktu :ih Hkou dh ,d Hkh b±V f[kldkus yk;d n`f"Vxr ugha
gksrhA
mi;qZDr of.kZr dky&foHkktu dk ,d vax eUoUrj Hkh gSA
dky&foHkktu dh lc ls NksVh bdkbZ ^=kqfV* gSA =kqfV mrus le; dks dgrs
gSa ftrus le; esa dey ds iÙks esa lwbZ ls Nsn fd;k tk;A i`Foh dk 25
lw{ere :i ijek.kq gSA nks ijek.kq feydj ,d v.kq vkSj rhu v.kq
feydj ,d =kljs.kq dgykrk gaSA ,sls rhu =kljs.kqvksa dks ikj djus esa lw;Z
dh fdj.k dks ftruk le; yxrk gS mrus dks ^=kqfV* dgrs gSaA lkS =kqfV dk
,d os?k] rhu os?k dk ,d yo] rhu yo dk ,d fues"k] rhu fues"k dk
,d {k.k] ik¡p {k.k dh ,d dk"Bk] iUæg dk"Bk dk ,d y?kq] iUæg y?kq
dh ,d ukfMdk (n.M)] nks ukfMdk dk ,d eqgwÙkZ] N% ;k lkr ukfMdk
dk ,d çgj (;ke)] vkB çgj ds fnu&jkr] iUæg fnu&jkr dk ,d i{k]
nks i{k dk ,d ekl] nks ekl dh ,d Írq] rhu Írq dk ,d v;u] nks
v;u dk ,d o"kZ] rhu lkS lkB o"kks± dk ,d fnO; o"kZ (nsorkvksa dk
o"kZ)] ckjg lgL=k fnO; o"kZ dh ,d prq;Zqxh] 71 prq;qZxh dk ,d
eUoUrj] pkSng eUoUrj dk ,d dYi] (czãk dk ,d fnu] ,d dYi dh
gh mudh jkf=k Hkh gksrh gS tc os fo".kq ds mnj esa 'k;u djrs gSa] rhu lkS
lkB ,sls fnuksa dk o"kZ gksrk gSA czãk dh vk;q muds o"kZ ds vuqlkj 100
 o"kZ dh gSA) vkSj ipkl o"kZ dk ,d ijkèkZ gksrk gS (bl le; nwljk ijkèkZ
py jgk gS)A tc czãk dh vk;q lekIr gks tkrh gS rc egkçy; gksrh gS
vkSj lc dqN Jh fo".kq ds xHkZ esa izfo"V gks tkrk gSA Jh fo".kq dk ,d
fues"k czãk ds nks ijkèkZ ds cjkcj gksrk gSA egk çy; ds ckn fiQj ls mlh
rjg dky&x.kuk izkjaHk gksrh gSA

bl o`gr~ dky&foHkktu dh vR;Ur {kqæ bdkbZ eUoUrj gS] ;|fi og

euq";ksa ds fnuksa vFkok o"kks± ls cgqr cM+h gSA
çR;sd dYi esa pkSng eUoUrj gksrs jgrs gSaA bu eUoUrjksa ds vfèkifr
euq] euqiq=k] lIrf"kZ] nsox.k] bUæ vkSj ,d eUoUrjkorkj & ;s N% gksrs gSaA
dqy pkSng eUoUrj ;s gSa %&
(1) Lok;EHkqo eUoUrj] (2) Lokjksfp"k~ eUoUrj] (3) fiz;ozr
eUoUrj] (4) rkel eUoUrj] (5) jSor eUoUrj] (6) pk{kq"k eUoUrj]
26 (7) oSoLor eUoUrj] (8) lkof.kZ eUoUrj] (9) n{k lkof.kZ eUoUrj]
(10) czãlkof.kZ eUoUrj] (11) èkeZ lkof.kZeUoUrj] (12) #ælkof.kZ
eUoUrj] (13) nso lkof.kZ eUoUrj] (14) bUæ lkof.kZ eUoUrj
(Jh Hkkxor & lqèkk & lkxj r`rh; LdUèk] vè;k;11]
'yksd 24] 25] 26 v"Ve LdUèk] vè;k; 13 lEiw.kZ)
 os ,d vkn'kZ ifr gSa

27

6 tqykbZ 2005] LFkku & jk¡ph fLFkr ln~xq# fuokl] {khjlkxj esa
cSBd dk dejk] le; 'kke 2-30 cts A vkt ln~xq#
vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th vkSj ek js.kq th ds nkEiR; thou dh
42oha o"kZxkaB gSA isze exu ek js.kq th ls Lokeh isze ojnku
dh ckrphrA
izse ojnku & ek] vkt vkidh 'kknh dh 42oha o"kZxkaB gSA vki dSlk
vuqHko dj jgh gSa\
ek js.kq & cgqr vPNk yx jgk gS] vkSj og Hkh fo'ks"k] D;ksafd vkids
ln~xq# vkt ?kj ij esjs lkFk ekStwn gSa] gkykafd vkt ds fnu os
tgka Hkh jgrs eq>s cèkkbZ;k¡ nsrs vsksj esjh vuqifLFkfr dks ân; ls
eglwl djrsA
28
izse ojnku & vki gekjs ln~xq# dh vèkk±fxuh gSaA mUgksaus vius thou dk
cgqr oDr vkids lkFk O;rhr fd;k gSA mudk thou vkt
gtkjksa yksxkssa ds fy, izsj.kk dk Ïksr gSA vkids eq[k ls mudk
thou o`rkUr lqudj ge yksx vkuafnr gksaxsA loZizFke vki gesa
crk;sa fd vkidk nkEiR; thou dSlk jgk\ blh ds lkFk ge
;g Hkh tkuuk pkgsaxs fd vkidh n`f"V esa D;k os ,d vPNs ifr
fl¼ gq,\
ek js.kq & esjk nkEiR; thou cgqr vPNk jgkA os ,d vkn'Zk ifr
lkfcr gq,A
izse ojnku & D;k os vius cPpksa ds izfr Hkh mÙkjnkf;Roiw.kZ jgsA ;kfu
,d firk ds :i esa mUgksaus viuh Hkwfedk dSlh vnk dh\
ek js.kq & os ,d Lusgh firk jgs vkSj 'kq: ls gh cPpkas ds mÙkjnkf;Ro dk
cgqr lqy>s <ax ls ikyu fd;kA os cPpksa dks cSBdj Ik<krs ugha 29
Fks ij lnk dgk djrs Fks fd rqe vius vki Ik<+ks] vkSj mldks
xquksA le> u vk, rks vkil esa foospuk djks vkSj blds mijkar
Hkh u le> ldks rks esjs ikl vkvksA bl rjg bUgksusa cPpksa esa
lnk LokoyEcu vkSj vkRefo'okl HkjkA
izse ojnku & lquk gS] ln~xq# ,d lfEefyr ifjokj ls vkrs gSa os ,d
vPNs ifr] Lusgh firk jgs tSlk vkius dgkA vius ekrk&firk
vkSj HkkbZ cguksa vkSj vU; lnL;ksa ds izfr mUgksaus vius drZO;ksa
dks dSls fuHkk;k \
Ekk js.kq & vxj ,d 'kCn esa dguk gks rks eSa dgwaxh fd mUgksaus vius lHkh
fj'rksa ds drZO;ksa dks jke cu dj ikyu fd;kA n'kjFk ds jke us
rks jkt ifjokj esa tUe fy;k FkkA ij rqEgkjs ln~xq# us ,d
fdlku ifjokj esa tUe fy;kA ;gk¡ rd dh dksbZ Hkh t#jr dk
 lkeku [kjhnrs le; ges'kk dgk djrs fd igys ifjokj ds vU;
lnL;ksa ds fy, y¡w fiQj vius fy, lkspwaxkA
izse ojnku & geuss dbZ fe=kksa ls lquk gS fd mudk O;olkf;d thou Hkh
cgqr liQy jgk gSA vkB o"kksZ rd os ,d izHkko'kkyh O;k[;krk
jgs vkSj rRIk'pkr~ os ,l-b-lh-,y- esa egkizcaèkd jgsA muds
iz;klksa vkSj izfrHkk ls ,l-b-lh-,y us liQyrk ds f'k[kj Nq,A
mudh bu peRdkfjd liQyrkvksa ds ihNs D;k jkt gSa\
ek js.kq& esjh le> esa budh lPPkkbZ] yXu vkSj ifjJe gh og jkt gSA
vius vèkhuLFkksas ls izseiw.kZ O;ogkj Hkh cgqr ek;us j[krk gSA
gkykafd os dk;ZLFky dh ckrksa dh ppkZ ?kj ij ugha fd;k djrs
Fks] fiQj Hkh ckgj ?kweus tkus ij eq>s lc irk pyrk Fkk A vius
ls Åij okys vfèkdkfj;ksa ls dHkh & dHkh budk lS¼kafrd
erHksn Hkh gks tk;k djrk FkkA
30
izse ojnku & geus lquk gS fd os vius leLr x`gLFk thou esa rjg&rjg
dh lkèkuk,a djrs jgsA vusd larksa ds lkFk jgsA D;k bl ckjs esa
foLrkj ls gesa crk,axh\
ek js.kq& tc ;s èkuckn bafM;u Ldwy vk¡iQ ekbZal esa O;k[;krk ds in ij
Fks] rHkh ls os ijegal Lokeh lR;kuUn th ls tqMs+ jgsA ;g ckr
lu~ 1971 dh gSA mUgha iz;ksxksa ds nkSjku buds nksukssa iSjksa esa ydok
tSlk ekj x;k FkkA vkSj bruk rd gks x;k fd bykt djus okyss
MkDVj us Hkh tckc ns fn;k] fdUrq ijekRek dh d`ik gqbZ vkSj ;s
cp x;sA iqu% 1980 esa budk vks'kks ls tqM+uk gqvkA lkFk gh
ik;ysV ckck ls Hkh tqMs+A lu~ 1984 esa budk fxjMhg ds lwiQh
ckck th ls yxko gqvkA ;s lHkh lar budks cgqr izse djrs Fks A
gekjs lHkh cPpksa dk vHkh Hkh lwiQh ckck ds ;gka vkuk&tkuk gSA
,d ?kVuk ;kn vk jgh gSA eSa èkuckn ls tc Hkh Hkkxyiqj vius
cPpksa ds lkFk vius ek;ds tkrh] rc jkf=k cl pyk djrh FkhA
vkids ln~xq# dgrs dh fxjMhg ds utnhd vkus ij lwiQh ckck
dk Lej.k djrs tkukA vki lHkh fufoZ?u taxy ikj gks tk,axsA
ml dky esa Hkh fxjMhg ds vkl&ikl taxyh tkuojksa vkSj
MdSrksa dk Hk; cuk jgrk FkkA gekjs cPps vkt Hkh lq[k&nq[k esa
lwiQh ckck dk Lej.k t#j djrs gSaA ,d ckj oS".kks nsoh ;k=kk ls
ykSVrs le; gekjs cPpksa dh dkj ds lkFk Hk;kud nqèkZVuk gks
xbZA myVrh dkj esa csfV;k¡ ¶lwiQh ckck&lwiQh ckck¸ fpYyk
jgh FkhaA ml nqèkZVuk esa cPpksa dks dsoy [kjkspsa vkb±A nqèkZVukxzLr
dkj ns[kdj 'kk;n gh dksbZ fo'okl djrk fd dksbZ lokj cpk
gksxkA lkèkuk ds Øe esa os vusdksa ckj fgeky; dh ;k=kk ij Hkh
fudy tkrs FksA

31
 ifjokj ds lnL;

32
 ikik ge ij cgqr fo'okl djrs Fks
µ'kksHkk flag (vks-,u-th-lh-)] eqacbZ

33

ikik gesa i<+us ds fy, dHkh ugha Mk¡Vrs FksA

ikik gekjs fy, loksZPp U;k;ky; tSls FksA
vks'kksèkkjk ds yksx FkksM+s ikxy] FkksM+s eLr] I;kj eas nhokus gSaA
ikik dk ifjokj cgqr fojkV gks x;k gSA
tc eSa ;s laLej.k fy[kus cSBh gw¡] eSa nl o"kZ dh cPph gwa] tks Ldwy
dh ijh{kk ds fy, ^esjs ikik* ij fucaèk fy[kus cSBh gSA
ge èkuckn] fcgkj esa jgrs FksA eSa] lcls cM+h & 'kksHkkA cgusa vkHkk]
lhek vkSj HkkbZ iadtA bu pkjksa esa eSa ikik dh ykM+yh FkhA 'kk;n vc Hkh
gw¡A eSa Ldwy ls vkrh vkSj ikik dk vkWfiQl ls okil vkus dk bartkj
djrhA fnuHkj eSaus fdlls yM+kbZ dh] fdl Vhpj us fdruk Mk¡Vk & bl
lc dk ys[kk&tks[kk ikik dks nsrhA ikik ean&ean eqLdjkrs gq, esjh ckr
 lqursA ,d fnu eq>ls dgk] ^rqeus fdrus yksxksa ls yM+kbZ ugha dh] blds
ckjs esa eq>s crkvks] rks rqEgkjh dgkuh 'kk;n T;knk NksVh gksxhA
ikik gesa i<+us ds fy, dHkh ugha dgrs FksA Mk¡Vus dk Hkh dke mUgksaus
gekjh ek¡ ij NksM+ fn;k FkkA vkSj ek¡ bl nkf;Ro dks dkiQh xaHkhjrk ls iwjk
djrh FkhaA ikik gekjs fy, loksZPp U;k;ky; tSls FksA tc ge cPpksa dh
ekj&ihV gn ls ckgj gks tkrh vkSj ek¡ dh lgu&'kfDr tokc ns nsrh] rks
vDlj ekeyk ikik rd igq¡pk;k tkrk FkkA ikik èkS;Z ls lqurs vkSj cM+h
lgtrk ls fu.kZ; lqukrs & vkSj og ge ij ckè; gksrkA rc Hkh ikik dqN
viuh nqfu;k esa jgrs FksA
,d ckj ikik us u;k LdwVj [kjhnkA gekjs ?kj esa mRlo dk
ekgkSy FkkA ikik us ek dks ?kqek ykus dk vkWiQj fn;kA ikik us LdwVj
LVkVZ fd;k vkSj blls igys fd ek¡ cSBrha] py iM+sA ek xqLls ls
ik¡o iVdrs gq, okil ?kj vk xb±A ikik viuh èkqu esa fudy pqds
34 FksA LdwVj gok ls ckrsa dj jgk Fkk vkSj ikik] ek¡ lsA dkiQh nsj ckn
mUgsa vkHkkl gqvk fd ek¡ tokc ugha ns jgha rks ihNs eqM+ dj ns[kkA
mUgksaus lkspk] ek jkLrs esa fxj xbZ gSA okil jkLrs esa ek¡ dks
[kkstrs&[kkstrs ?kj okil igq¡psA mlds ckn tks egkHkkjr fNM+k]
mldk eq>s dksbZ Lej.k ugha gSA
gekjs Ldwy esa dbZ LièkkZ,¡ gksrh FkhaA tc ge thr dj vkrs] ikik
gekjh [kq'kh esa 'kkfey gksrsA tc ge gkjrs] ikik gekjs nq[k dks dHkh xkS.k
ugha le>rsA ,d ckj esjh Vhe cqjh rjg gkj xbZ vkSj eSa ?kj vkdj cgqr
jksbZA ikik us dgk] vkt tks rqEgsa bruk fo'kky ladV yx jgk gS] dy oks
,d ekewyh ?kVuk gksxhA
ikik ge ij cgqr fo'okl djrs FksA vkSj mudh mnkjrk us esjk
vkRe&fo'okl c<+k;kA eq>s Lo;a fu.kZ; ysus ds fy, izksRlkfgr fd;kA
vius fu.kZ; ds dkj.k gq, xyr ;k lgh ifj.kke dks Lohdkj djus dk
lkgl fn;kA vkSj ^xyr* D;ksa! tks bZ'oj us fd;k] mls vgksHkko ls xzg.k
djus dh {kerk nhA
viuh i<+kbZ iwjh djus ds ckn eSa fofHkUu çfr;ksfxrkvksa esa cSB jgh FkhA
blh le; jk¡ph jsfM;ks esa mn~?kks"kd ds in dk foKkiu fudykA eSaus
fyf[kr vkSj Loj&ijh{kk rks ikl dj fy;k ij lk{kkRdkj esa fjtsDV gks
xbZA esjs fy, og ,d cgqr nq[kn ?kM+h FkhA esjs LokfHkeku dks cgqr pksV
yxhA eSaus ikik dks tkdj dgk] ^vxj eSa jk¡ph jsfM;ks dh mn~?kksf"kdk Hkh
ugha cu ldrh] rks eSa fdlh in ds ;ksX; ugha!* ikik us g¡ldj dgk &
^Hkxoku~ us rqEgsa brus NksVs in ds fy, ugha cuk;k gSA muds bl NksVs ls
okD; ls ,d gh {k.k esa esjk dk;kUrj.k gks x;kA fiQj mlh o"kZ esjh
fu;qfDr cgqr cM+h daiuh esa gqbZA eSa viuh ;k=kk ij fudy pqdh FkhA vkSj
ikik & ,d vuwBh ;k=kk ij] ftldh eq>s le> ugha Fkh] ij vkHkkl t:j
FkkA bl chp vkHkk] lhek vkSj iadt lHkh vesfjdk esa cl x, FksA 35
2000 esa eSa Hkh dukMk bfexzsV dj xbZA dqN gh eghuksa esa esjk eu cgqr
fopfyr jgus yxkA ikik & ek¡ ls nwjh gj le; cspSu djrh FkhA esjk csVk
fganh cksyuk ugha pkgrk FkkA eSa mldh Hkkjrh;rk [kksrk ns[k cgqr {kqCèk
FkhA dukMk esa vçokl djus dk fu.kZ; xyr Fkk] ,slk eq>s yx jgk FkkA
ysfdu ogk¡ cus jguk eq>s vkSj nq[k ns jgk FkkA ij okil dSls tkÅ¡\lkspk]
ikik ls dgw¡ fd eSa Hkkjr okil vkuk pkgrh gw¡A ij eu esa FkksM+k Mj FkkA
D;k ikik ;s ugha dgsaxs fd okil D;ksa vkuk pkgrh gks\okil vkuk pkgrh
gks] rks xbZ D;ksa] lc NksM+dj\rqe esa eqf'dyksa dk lkeuk djus dh {kerk
ugha\
eSaus fgEer tqVkbZ vkSj ikik dks iQksu fd;k & ^ikik] eSa Hkkjr okil
vkuk pkgrh gw¡A ikik g¡ls vkSj iwNk & ^rqe [kq'k dgk¡ jgksxh\* eSaus jksrs gq,
dgk]A Hkkjr esaA ikik cksys] ^rks okil vk tkvks*A cl! bruh ljyrk!
 dksbZ foospu ughaA dksbZ ç'u ughaA cl] okil vk tkvksA ,sls gSa ikikA
cM+h ls cM+h leL;k muds lkeus NksVh gks tkrh gSA ;k fliQZ ,d pqukSrhA
vkSj gj ckj ubZ n`f"V feyrh gSA viuh O;Lrrkvksa ds dkj.k eSa ikik ds
lkFk de le; fcrk ikrh FkhA tc ekSdk feyrk rks feyus okyksa vkSj
iQksu djus okyksa ls eSa =kLr gks tkrhA fiQj eq>s eLrks ckck vkSj vU; vks'kks
çsfe;ksa ls feyus dk ekSdk feykA ;s dSls yksx gSa\FkksM+s ikxy] FkksM+s eLr!
I;kj esa nhokusA bUgsa D;k iw¡th feyh gS] ftlds dkj.k ;s ikik ls tqM+s gSa\os
vkuan esa Fks] vkSj eSa Ågkiksg esaA vpkud tSls esjh vk¡[ksa [kqy xb±A cksèk
gqvk fd ikik vc fliQZ esjs ^ikik* ugha gSaA mudk ifjokj cgqr fojkV gSA
vc Hkh ikik ds lkfUuè; esa de gh le; fcrk ikrh gw¡A ij gj ,d
iy cgqewY; gksrk gSA vc Hkh ikik dks T;knkrj rc ;kn djrh gw¡] tc
dksbZ nq[k gks ;k leL;k gksA tSls yksx Hkxoku~ dks ;kn djrs gSaA LokFkhZ gw¡A
dHkh Hkxoku~ dks èkU;okn nsrh gw¡ fd mUgksaus eq>s ^ikik* fn;kA dHkh ikik
36 dks èkU;okn nsrh gw¡ fd vkils gh Hkxoku~ ls fudVrk c<+hA vc ikik ds
ckjs esa fy[kus cSBh gw¡ rks vk¡[kksa esa vk¡lw gSaA d`rKrk dsA dg ugha ldrh
fd çKkoku gw¡] ij vkuafnr jgrh gw¡] csfÚd jgrh gw¡] gj le; ,d nl
o"kZ dh cPph dh rjgA
 HkbZ;k cpiu ls gh nsork Fks
µLokeh vkuan e;wj }kjk
(ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th dh cguksa ls ckrphr ds va'k)

muesa çse dwV&dwV dj Hkjk FkkA

eSaus tks Hkh i<+kbZ vftZr dh gS og esjs HkbZ;k dh gh nsu gSA 37
HkbZ;k dk uke ysrs gh esjh vk¡[ksa Hkj mBrh gSaA

cM+h cgu fceyk th vrhr dh Le`fr;ksa esa [kks tkrh gSaA mUgksaus dgk
ge nks HkkbZ vkSj pkj cgusas gSaA pkjksa cgusas nksuksa Hkkb;ksa ls NksVh gSaA gekjk
ifjokj ,d eè;thoh d`"kd vkSj f'k{kd dk FkkA firkth ,d fo}ku~
f'k{kd Fks] pwafd iQkSt esa Hkh jg pqds Fks vr% ?kj esa vuq'kklu Hkh dBksj
gh FkkA eq>s ;kn ugha ge HkkbZ cgusaksa esa dHkh Å¡ph vkokt esa ckrsa gqb±A esjs
cM+s HkbZ;k rks cpiu ls gh nsork FksA dHkh cguksa dks cgusa ugha dgk
ges'kk dgrs fcey HkkbZA HkbZ;k esa lHkh ds çfr çse dwV&dwV dj Hkjk
FkkA¸
laLej.k lqukrs gq, mUgksaus dgk fd dHkh xk¡o esa yM+fd;ksa dks i<+kus
dk pyu ugha FkkA os Ldwy ugha tkrh FkhaA HkS;k rc vkbZ-,l-,e- esa i<+
jgs Fks vkSj NqV~Vh vk, FksA gekjs ;gk¡ ;g pyu vkt Hkh gS fd cgusas HkkbZ
 ds ik¡o èkksrh gSa] HkkbZ tc dgha nwj ls vkSj dkiQh fnu ckn vkrs gSaA eSaus Hkh
ml fnu cM+s HkbZ;k ds iSj èkks,A mUgksaus nl #i;s dk uksV fn;k] ij eSaus
çkFkZuk dh fd HkbZ;k eq>s iSls er nksA eSa i<+uk pkgrh gw¡A bUgha iSlksa ls
esjk uke fy[kk nsaA HkbZ;k myVs iSj ykSVs] esjk gkFk Fkkek vkSj rqjar tkdj
esjk nkf[kyk xk¡o ds Ldwy esa djok fn;kA bl rjg ml Vksys esa çFke
Nk=kk eSa gks xbZA vkt tks Hkh i<+kbZ vftZr dh gS og esjs HkbZ;k dh gh nsu
gSA firkth f'k{kd Fks vkSj mudk lkjk è;ku cM+s HkbZ;k ij gh jgrkA ij
Ldwy esa nkf[kys ds ckn mUgksaus eq>s Hkh i<+k;kA¸
HkbZ;k ohjsUæ ds tUe ls gh ,d cw<+s lar çfro"kZ djhc ipkl ehy
dh nwjh iSny pydj vk;k djrs vkSj ckyd ohjsUæ dks ns[k eXu gksdj
ukprsA mudk vkuk ohjsUæ vkSj ge HkkbZ&cguksa vkSj cky l[kkvksa ds fy,
tSls mRlo dk fnu gksrkA ohjsUæ dh vxqvkbZ esa lHkh cPps tkudh ckck
ls rjg&rjg dh feBkb;ksa vkSj iQyksa dh ek¡x j[krs ftls tkudh ckck
38 gok esa gkFk fgyk dj gh iwjk dj nsrsA ,d ckj HkbZ;k ohjsUæ us tkudh
ckck ls ftn~n dh fd ;g fo|k eq>s Hkh lh[kk nks rkfd usrjgkV Ldwy esa
vius fe=kksa dks ;g peRdkj fn[kk ldw¡A rc tkudh ckck us mUgsa ehBh
f>M+dh nh Fkh vkSj dgk Fkk fd ccqvk] rqEgkjk tUe bu NksVs&NksVs
peRdkjksa ds fy, ugha gqvk gS vkSj ;g fo|k cgqr xanh fo|k gSA tkudh
ckck tc Hkh vkrs rks mudh dsoy ,d gh ek¡x gksrh fd ns'kjkuh csVh]
ccqvk dk dksbZ diM+k nksA diM+k feyrs gh çseeXu gks ukprs_ tkudh
ckck vfr o`¼ gks x, FksA ekrk th Hkh ,d tksM+k iguk gqvk diM+k lar
tkudh ckck ds fy, vo'; j[krhA
lar tkudh ckck vkSj HkbZ;k ohjsUæ dh dgkuh Hkxoku~ cq¼ dh dFkk
dh ;kn fnyk tkrh gSA lar tkudh ckck dh utjksa esa HkbZ;k ohjsUæ ges'kk
jgk djrs FksA ,d ckj tsB dh rirh yw esa Hkjh nksigj HkbZ;k ohjsUæ dks
pkj ehy nwj dksvkFk tkus dh t:jr vku iM+hA vkèks jkLrs igq¡prs HkbZ;k
ohjsUæ dks tksjksa dh I;kl yxhA vklikl nwj rd dgha xkao ugha Fkk vkSj
yxk fd os csgks'k gksdj fxj iM+saxsa] fd brus esa mUgksaus ns[kk fd lkeus ls
lar tkudh ckck cM+h lh ixM+h ckaèks] ykBh Vsdrs vk jgs gSaA I;kl ds ekjs
HkbZ;k ohjsUæ ds e¡qg ls 'kCn ugha iQwV jgs FksA 'kk;n eu esa la'k; Fkk] ckck
rks fey x, ysfdu ikuh rks buds ikl Hkh ugha gksxk\tkudh ckck
eqLdqjk;s vkSj iwNk fd ^ccqvk cgqr I;kl yxyok* buds flj fgykrs gh
tkudh ckck us dgk ccqvk ^cbB vkSj eq¡g [kksy] ^bruk dg ckck us
viuh ixM+h mrkjh vkSj HkbZ;k ohjsUæ ds eq¡g esa ixM+h xkj nhA vkSj LoPN
B.Mk ty ihdj ohjsUæ dqN laHkys vkSj ckck us dgk fd bl nksigj esa
dksvkFk tkuk Bhd ughaA vius xk¡o ykSV tkvksA mlh gM+cM+h esa HkbZ;k
ohjsUæ vius xk¡o dh vksj ykSVs vkSj dqN dne pyrs gh gks'k vk;k fd
tkudh ckck dks Hkh vius lkFk xk¡o ys pywaA eqM+dj ns[kk rks tkudh ckck
dk dgha irk ugha FkkA ,sls vn~Hkqr lar dh N=kNk;k esa HkbZ;k ohjsUæ
iys&cM+sA rhljh nhnh yrk vkSj pkSFkh eatw dh vk¡[kksa esa Hkh HkbZ;k dk çse
meM+ ?kqeM+ jgk FkkA yrk nhnh us dgk fd ek¡ o"kks± rd Hkksj czã eqgÙkZ esa 39
mBrh vkSj ,d gh Hktu xkrha ¶'kcjh ?kj gksbZ lxquok vkt ?kj jke vbgsa
ukA¸ ek¡ us jke dks varr% cqyk gh fy;kA esjk HkkbZ rks lk{kkr~ jke gSA NksVh
nhnh eatw us dgk fd vc rks gkykr ;g gS fd cM+s HkbZ;k dk uke yw¡ ;k
mudk n'kZu gksrs gh esjh vk¡[ksa Hkj mBrh gSaA eSaus rhu fnuksa dk vks'kksèkkjk
dk;ZØe fd;k] rc ls yxrk gS esjk lkjk lkspk rqjar gks tk jgk gSA vc ?kj
esa 'kkafr gh 'kkafr gSA nhnh us vkxs dgk fd esjh ek¡ vldeuh ekbZ ds eafnj
tkrh Fkh] tks foØexat esa gSA ;g dkyh th dk eafnj gSA tc Hkh dksbZ ckr
gksrh ek¡ mudh eUur t:j ekurhA HkS;k ek¡ dks cjkcj fp<+krs fd
vldeuh ekbZ esjh ek¡ dh l[kh gSA gk¡] tc dqN gks viuh l[kh dks euk
ysukA
40
 xkao dk dksbZ xaobZ [ksy gks]
esjs HkS;k mlds uk;d Fks
µJh lqjsUnz dqekj flag (ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th ds NksVs HkkbZ)

41
esjs cM+s HkS;k eq>ls djhc lkr o"kZ cM+s gSaA tc os usrjgkV vkoklh;
Ldwy ds fy, p;fur gq, rc ls eq>s ;kn gSA mudk usrjgkV Ldwy ls
ykSVuk ?kj esa mRlo dk ekgkSy iSnk fd;k djrkA eSa Hkkxdj xkao dh
lM+d ij mudk bartkj fd;k djrkA os vkrs vkSj lM+d ls ?kj rd eq>s
xksn esa ccqvk&ccqvk dgrs] I;kj djrs ykrsA¸
gekjk eè;eoxhZ; fdlku ifjokj FkkA gkykafd firkth ml le;
vkl&ikl ds xkao esa lcls T;knk i<+s fy[ks FksA LoxhZ; i`FohukFk flag
dks dekZ ds yksx çse vkSj xoZ ls vkt Hkh ;kn djrs gSaA f'k{kd Fks] ij
vHkkoksa us i<+us fy[kus ds ckotwn iQkSt esa tkus dks foo'k fd;kA vaxzsth
vkSj xf.kr ds fy, rc Hkh os ogka Hkh tkus tkrs FksA iQkSth dgkfu;ksa vkSj
cekZ taxy dh yM+kbZ cpiu esa lHkh HkkbZ&cgu vius firk th ls lquk
djrsA bu dgkfu;ksa us cM+s HkS;k dks Hkh cgqr çHkkfor fd;kA taxyksa ls çse
vkSj thou esa vuq'kklu dh vknr firkth dh nsu FkhA lkgl dh
 dgkfu;ksa ds uk;d esjs HkS;k gh cu x, FksA dHkh fdlh us eq>s Mjk;k ;k
yM+kbZ gqbZ rks lnk eSa dgk djrk ^vkus nks cM+s HkS;k dksA* xk¡o dk dksbZ
xaobZ [ksy gks] esjs HkS;k mlds uk;d FksA dHkh dksbZ yM+dk ;k [ksy ny
mudks gjk ugha ikrs FksA ^fpdk* ds [ksy esa os vk'p;Ztud :i ls
vojksèk dks ikj djrsA jksdus okys dks ;k rks lhus ij mudk ikao iM+rk ;k
daèkksa ijA bl vk'p;Z dks ns[kus iwjk xkao meM+ iM+rkA
yV~Vw upkus esa mudk dksbZ lkuh ugha FkkA viuk yV~Vw rks dHkh uhps
ugha j[kuk iM+rk Fkk mudks] D;ksafd gok esa gh gFksfy;ksa ij upk ysrsA
ijUrq ftldk yV~Vw j[kk tkrk HkS;k ds ,d gh okj esa [kafMr gks tkuk r;
FkkA isM+ ij p<+ tkequ [kkuk ge nksukas Hkkb;ksa dk fç; [ksy FkkA ftruh Hkh
iryh Mky gks] cM+s HkS;k ges'kk eq>ls Åij gh p<+rsA gk¡ muds gksrs eq>s
;ejkt ls Hkh Mj ugha FkkA
ge cPpksa esa ,d dq'kyre rSjkd Fks osA vgjk (rkykc) esa bl ikj
42 lkal jksdrs rks vanj gh vanj ml ikj pys tkrsA eSa lksprk dSls dj ikrs gaS
,slk\,d ckj eSaus mUgsa Mjkuk pkgk [ksy&[ksy esaA eSaus dqN nwjh ij Mwc
dj uhps tkdj] muds nksuksa ikao tdM+ fy,A nwljk gksrk rks bl vpkud
tdM+ ls NwVus ds fy, iwjs çk.kksa dk tksj yxkrkA ij ;gk¡ rks myVk gqvkA
HkS;k us esjk xyk idM+k vkSj dqN iyksa ds fy, uhps gh j[kkA vc esjs
çk.kksa ds NViVkus dh ckjh FkhA eSa ikuh ds vanj fpYykus yxk vkSj Øe esa
esjs ukd eq¡g esa ikuh pyk x;kA cM+s HkS;k us bRehuku ls eq>s fudkyk vkSj
ckgj fyVk dj esjs isV dk ikuh fudkykA eSaus r; fd;k dHkh Hkh HkS;k dks
Mjkus dk nq%lkgl ugha d:¡xkA cM+s HkS;k ds ckjs esa iwjk xkao vkSj
vkl&ikl ;gh dgk djrk fd ckcw i`Foh flag th ds ?kj vn~Hkqr ckyd
us tUe fy;k gSA xkao ds cM+s cqtqxZ dgk djrs fd bl ckyd ds yykV ls
rks tSls jks'kuh iQwVrh FkhA
fcgkj ds xzkeh.k ifjos'k esa 'kknh&fookg ds ekSds ij oj&cèkw i{k ,d
nwljs ls fo}Ùkk Hkjs ç'u djrk vkSj 'kkL=kkFkZ yacs le; rd pyrkA ;gka
rd fd èkhaxk eLrh dh ukScr vku iM+rhA ,slh fdlh ckjkr esa esjk xkao
cM+s HkbZ;k ds dkj.k dHkh ugha gkjkA ;|fi cM+s HkS;k dh fxurh cPpksa esa
gh gksrh] ij yksx nkarksa rys Å¡xfy;k¡ gh nckrs mudh cqf¼erk ds vkxs
vkSj viuh gkj ij Hkh xkSjo eglwl djrsA mUgha fnuksa 'kgj ls dksbZ ckjkr
vkbZ Fkh vkSj ,d i<+s&fy[ks lTtu dk ç'u vaxzsth esa FkkA cM+s HkS;k
èkkjkçokg vaxzsth esa cksyrs pys x,A ?kaVksa lHkh lakl Fkkes muds ç'uksÙkj
lqurs jgsA viuh fot; ij vkl&ikl ds xkaoksa us rks t'u euk;kA D;ksafd
;g 'kgj ij xkao dh fot; FkhA ;g t'u rc Hkh lkjs xkao esa euk;k
x;k] tc os usrjgkV ds fy, loZçFke pqus x,A usrjgkV tkdj Hkh HkS;k
fcYdqy ugha cnysA xkao vkus ij ogh lkfFk;ksa ds lkFk xaobZ [ksy
[ksyukA NqfV~V;ksa esa vkrs vkSj d`f"k dk;ks± esa Hkh enn djrsA ;gk¡ rd fd
xsgw¡ dh dVkbZ vkSj cqvkbZ Hkh djrsA mudk fç; 'kkSd Fkk xk; pjkukA ij
os tkrs iwjk csfMax fcLrj ds lkFkA fdlh isM+ ds uhps fdrkcksa esa [kks tkrsA
lkFk gh è;ku xmvksa ij Hkh jgrkA 43
cM+s HkS;k i<+kbZ iwjh dj èkuckn vk x, FksA eSa Hkh lkFk jgk djrkA esjs
firk th 1979 esa gh vks'kks ds laU;klh gks x, FksA cM+s HkS;k Hkh rc rd
vks'kks dks i<+ jgs Fks vkSj 1980 esa laU;kl ys fy;kA
eSaus cgqr djhc ls MkW- ohjsUæ dks vks'kks fl¼kFkZ esa :ikUrfjr gksrs
ns[kkA oSlk dksbZ Hkh lkèkq laU;klh Hkkjro"kZ Hkj esa ugha Fkk tks esjs HkS;k dks
çHkkfor dj ik;kA vks'kks ls feyu ds ckn HkS;k tc ykSVs rks vkt Hkh
mudk 'kCn dkuksa esa xw¡trk gSA dgk Fkkµ Å¡V igkM+ ds uhps vkrk gS rHkh
tku ikrk gS viuh Å¡pkbZ vkSj vks'kks ds lkeus esjh gLrh ,d r`.k Hkj gh
gSA¸

19 tuojh 1990 ds fnu I;kjs ln~xq# vks'kks tc ije

lekfèk esa yhu gks x, vkSj ;g lekpkj tc firk th dks
feyk rc mUgsa cgqr xgjk >Vdk yxk vkSj os dgus yxs vc
 rks esjs vks'kks pys x,A vc esjk ;gk¡ D;k dke\mUgksaus eq>ls
dgk fd vc ohjsUæ dks cqyk nksA cM+s HkS;k 20 tuojh dks
Lor% vk x,A mUgksaus HkS;k ls iwNk fd vks'kks ds pys tkus ds
ckn esjh Hkh bPNk gS fd eSa pyk tkÅ¡A HkS;k us mÙkj fn;k fd
Bhd gS] vkidh ethZA vki [kq'kh&[kq'kh fonk ysaA ekuks ohjsUæ
ugha muds le{k Lo;a vks'kks] muds ln~xq# [kM+s Fks] ftuls
f'k"; us fonk dh vkKk ekaxhA bl rjg 31 tuojh 1990 ds
fnu firkth è;ku djrs&djrs [kq'kh&[kq'kh egklekfèk esa
foyhu gks x,A vks'kks ds tkus ds Bhd 12osa fnu firkJh us
Hkh fonkbZ ys yhA

lu~ 2000 esa os ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ gksdj cpjk vk,A eSa feyus
x;kA mUgksaus dgkµpys vkvks] esjs iklA vHkh pys vkvksA ckn esa
44 HkhM+HkkM+ esa eSa og ugha ns ikÅ¡xk] tks rqEgsa nsuk pkgrk gw¡A eSa lksprk jgk
vkSj 2002 flrEcj esa xaxks=kh èkke usiky ds fy, çLFkku fd;kA jkLrsHkj
lksprk jgk vkSj la'k; yxk jgkA eq>s D;k irk Fkk fd eSa vius ln~xq# ls
feyus dks tk jgk gw¡ u fd vius cM+s HkS;k ds iklA
xaxks=kh esa lka[; ;ksx dk l=k! v"VkoØ xhrk dh vafre ykbu vkSj
vc Vsi can gksus dks gSA ge vk¡[k [kksyus okys gh Fks fd cM+s HkbZ;k dh
xq# xaHkhj vkns'kkRed vkokt tSls esjs dkuksa esa >ad`r gks mBh] gk¡] gk¡] gk¡
vk¡[ksa er [kksyks] vk¡[ksa er [kksyksA è;ku vkKk pØ ij vkSj dwn iM+ks
lgL=kkj esaA yxk nks NykaxA¸ ;gh rks gS lka[; ;ksxA¸ bruk Hkj lquuk Fkk
yxk ekuks os dsoy eq>s vkSj dsoy eq>s gh vkns'k ns jgs gSaA vkSj lgt eSaus
Nykax yxk gh nhA blds ckn D;k gqvk eq>s ugha irkA Mwc x;k uhys leqæ
dh vry xgjkb;ksa esaA Lo.kZ dy'k tSls lkeus vk x;kA okil ykSVk rks
lkeus esjs HkbZ;k ugha lk{kkr~ ijekRek vkSj esjs ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ ds
n'kZu gq, vkSj eSaus muds dneksa esa flj j[k fn;kA* l
 mudks ftruk vuqHko gS mruk gh dgrs gSa
&Jh voèk fcgkjh ikaMs (vks'kks xqyky)]
[kku çcUèkd] dksy bafM;k fyfeVsM
ln~xq# lnk gh izkekf.kd jgs gSaA
lR;oknh O;fDr gh xq# cu ldrk gSA
igyh ckj eSa vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th ls 3 uoEcj
1996 dks] fcykliqj esa feyk FkkA eSa mudh
vkè;kfRed vkHkk ns[kdj cgqr çHkkfor gqvkA
eSaus dgk fd lR; D;k gS] d`i;k eq>s crk,aA
mUgksaus dgk fd vHkh rks eSaus gh ugha tkuk gS] rks
eSa dSls crk ldrk gw¡A fdlh vkSj ls iwNksA eSa muds çse esa iM+ pqdk Fkk]
eSaus dgk fd eq>s rks vkils gh tkuuk gS D;ksafd eSa vkidks viuk ln~xq#
eku pqdk gw¡A tc vkidks irk py tk,] eq>s crk nsukA
tc os 5 ekpZ 1997 dks czã Kku dks miyCèk gq,] rc mUgksaus eq>s 45
cqyk;k vkSj dgk fd vc jkLrk lkiQ gS vkSj eSa rqEgsa Hkh crkšxkA bl
rjg eSaus ns[kk gS fd esjs ln~xq# lnk gh çkekf.kd jgs gSaA mudks ftruk
vuqHko gksrk gS] os mruk gh dgrs gSaA ,d ?kVuk eq>s vkSj Lej.k vk jgh
gSA os igys dkS'ky iQksje ysrs gq, v"Vkaafxd ekxZ ij cksyrs Fks rc muesa
rFkkrk (Lohdkj Hkko) lfEefyr ugha FkkA rFkkrk ij os 1995 ls cksyus
yxsA eSaus dkj.k iwNk rks mUgksaus crk;k fd D;ksafd igys eSa Lo;a rFkkrk
Hkko esa fLFkr ugha gksrk FkkA vc lnSo rFkkrk esa jgrk gw¡A blfy;s bl ij
cksyrk gw¡A
eSaus çFke dk;ZØe 5 twu 97 dks dkS'ky iQksje ds :i esa fd;k FkkA
fiQj flrEcj 97 esa è;ku çKk vkSj vizSy 98 dks ^;ksx çKk* vej daVd
eè; çns'k esa dhA
mlh le; eSaus muls laU;kl nh{kk Hkh yhA rks eSa dg ldrk gw¡ fd ,sls
lR;oknh vkSj çkekf.kd O;fDr gh ln~xq# cu ldrs gSaA
 igys eq>s xkfy;ka nks
µLokeh çse ojnku

ckyd ohjsUæ ds thou esa ,d vn~Hkqr lar dh Nk;k iM+h Fkh & os Fks
xk¡o dh dqfV;k ds egar ^LoxhZ; nwèkukFk cky;ksxhA* ckyd ohjsUæ dh
46 ckyeaMyh dk T;knk le; ml dqfV;k esa vkSj mlds vklikl gh chrk
djrkA D;ksafd ,d rks ,dkar vkSj nwljk gj [ksy [ksyus dh i;kZIr txg]
vke dk isM+ vkSj [kkus dks i;kZIr çlknA tc Hkh Hkw[k yxrh ;g eaMyh
egar th ls feJh vkSj xqM+ dh ekax dj cSBrh] ijarq ml lar ls çlkn ikuk
bruk lgt ugha FkkA cky eaMyh ls lar dgrs fd igys eq>s xkfy;k¡ nks
rc çlkn feysxk] vkSj fiQj cky eaMyh dk dhrZu 'kq: gks tkrkA
fo'ks"kdj xkfy;ksa dh iSjksMh dh igyh iafDr egar th dh gh jpuk Fkh&
¶xksj[kiqj ds Bxok g cM+k csbZeuok---¸ vkSj lar th dks ukuk rjg dh
xkfy;k¡ cPps nsrsA ftruh tksj&tksj ls egar th dks xkfy;k¡ nsrs] lar Hkh
mruh [kq'kh ls cPpksa ds lax ukprs dwnrsA bl ekSds ij Hkh ckyd ohjsUæ
,d Vd lar dks fugkjrs jgrs] lar Hkh ckyd ohjsUæ dks mruh gh çseHkjh
ut+jksa ls ns[krsA xkfy;ksa dh rhozrk vkSj çxk<+rk egar th ds çlkn dh
lekuqikfrd FkhA 'kk;n ckyd ohjsUæ us lk{khRo dk igyk ea=k egar
nwèkukFk cky;ksxh ls gh lh[kk FkkA
 fofHkUu larksa ls esjh eqykdkr
µvks'kks fl¼kFkZ th

47
lwiQh ckck
eSa ra=k lkèkuk ds fy, lwiQh ckck ls feykA eq>s muls cgqr I;kj FkkA os
fo'ks"k :i ls foHkwfr ra=k ds Kkrk FksA eSaus muls foHkwfr ra=k lh[kkA fo'ks"k
:i ls ;g fo|k lh[kh fd ckgj ls vkbZ gqbZ udkjkRed 'kfDr;ksa ls dSls
cpk tk,\ dHkh&dHkh v'kjhjh vkRek,a euq";ksa dks ijs'kku djrh gSa
mudk fuokj.k dSls fd;k tk,\ ;g eSaus lwiQh ckck ls lh[kkA fiQj eSaus
muls dqN vkSj Hkh rkaf=kd 'kfDr;k¡ lh[kuh pkghA mUgksaus dgk fd os
viuh lkjh 'kfDr;k¡ èkhjs&èkhjs eq>esa LFkkukUrfjr dj nsaxsA vkSj mUgksaus
,slh vfèkdka'k 'kfDr;k¡ eq>s ns nh gSaA vkSj 'ks"k vHkh eq> rd vkus dh
çfØ;k esa gSaA bl rjg eq>s fcuk vfèkd lkèkuk fd;s gh rkaf=kd 'kfDr;k¡
lwiQh ckck us HksaV Lo:i ns nh gSaA lkFk esa mudk funsZ'k Hkh gS fd eSa bu
'kfDr;ksa dk dsoy vkRej{kk ds fy, gh mi;ksx d:aA eSaus ladYi fy;k
gS fd vks'kksèkkjk ds lkèkdksa ;k muds ifjokj ij fdlh çdkj dk d"V
 vkrk gS rks eSa bu 'kfDr;ksa dk mi;ksx d"V fuokj.k ds fy, vo';
d:axkA vkt ds fnu ,slh dksbZ udkjkRed 'kfDr ugha gS tks vks'kksèkkjk dks
ijs'kku dj ldsA blds fy, eSa lwiQh ckck dk vuqxzghr gw¡A
tkudh ckck
tc eSa NksVk cPpk Fkk rc ,d o`¼ lar esjs ?kj vkrs FksA mudk uke
tkudh ckck FkkA esjs ukuk muds f'k"; FksA vkSj dgrs gSa fd muds
vk'khokZn ls gh esjk tUe gqvk FkkA og eq>s cgqr I;kj djrs FksA tc Hkh os
esjs ?kj vkrs esjk gh dksbZ diM+k tSls dqrkZ&itkek vkfn igudj vo';
tkrsA os foaè;kpy esa ra=k dh lkèkuk djus pys tkrsA eq>ls dHkh iwNrs fd
D;k [kkvksxs\eSa dgrk fd fdlfelA os vkdk'k esa gkFk fgykrs vkSj
fdlfel vk tkrhA blh rjg os dqN Hkh 'kwU; ls iSnk dj ldrs FksA eSaus
dbZ ckj muls ;g dyk fl[kkus dk vkxzg fd;kA eSa ;g dyk lh[kdj
48 vius fe=kksa dks çHkkfor djuk pkgrk FkkA tkudh ckck us dgk fd ;g rks
dsoy ;f{k.kh flf¼ gSA ;g dksbZ cM+h ckr ugha gSA rqEgsa rks vkSj Hkh cM+h
flf¼;k¡ çkIr djuh gSA rqEgkjk tUe fdlh fo'ks"k dk;Z ds fy, gqvk gSA
blfy, rqEgsa bu NksVh ckrksa esa ugha my>uk gSA rc rks eq>s vPNk ugha yxk
FkkA fdUrq vkt eSa mudh ckr dk egRo le> ik;k gw¡A
ckck HkwrukFk
ckck HkwrukFk fcgkj ds cgqr cM+s rkaf=kd FksA y[kuÅ esa mudk vkJe
FkkA muds gtkjksa f'k"; FksA tuojh 1989 esa bykgkckn esa dqEHk dk esyk
yxk FkkA ogka lar lEesyu gks jgk FkkA mldk lapkyu djus dk Hkkj esjs
Åij FkkA vusd foèkkvksa ds lar ogk¡ mifLFkr FksA eSaus ?kks"k.kk dh fd vc
ckck HkwrukFk ra=k ;ksx ij cksysaxsA rks ckck HkwrukFk pkSadsA mUgksaus dgk fd
ra=k dk rks FkksM+k cgqr eq>s irk gS] ysfdu ra=k ;ksx D;k gS eSa fcYdqy ugha
tkurkA vkSj os vkèks ?kaVsa rd ra=k ij gh cksysA tc lEesyu lekIr gqvk rks
os eq>s vius VSaV esa ys x,A vius vklu ij eq>s fcBk;k vkSj [kqn tehu
ij cSBsA mUgksaus eq> ls iwNk fd eSa ra=k dh dqN fofèk;k¡ tkurk gw¡A fdUrq
ra=k ;ksx D;k gS\d`i;k vki eq>s fl[kk,aA eSaus dgk fd ra=k ds vuq"Bku
djrs gq, D;k vki vkReLej.k j[krs gks\ra=k dh fofèk;ka djrs gq, D;k
lk{kh esa jgrs gks\mUgksaus dgk fcYdqy ughaA eSaus dgk µ tc rd lk{kh u
tqM+ tk,] tc rd vkReLej.k u tqM+s rc rd gj fofèk vuq"Bku cudj
jg tkrh gSA ;g lqudj os HkkofoHkksj gks x,A mudh vk¡[kksa esa vk¡lw vk
x,A cksys µvc esjk thou cgqr FkksM+s fnu dk gSA vc eSa rkaf=kd ugha
cfYd ra=k;ksxh cudj thÅaxkA¸
os yxHkx ,d lky th,A muds ,d f'k"; us eq>s crk;k fd tc os
fonk gq, rks cgqr 'kkar vkSj fLFkj FksA vkSj vkids çfr vgksHkko vkSj
d`rKrk ls Hkjs gq, FksA

49
50
ckck Hktu czãpkjh
ckck Hktu czãpkjh caxky ds çfl¼ lar FksA muds gtkjksa f'k"; FksA eSa
vks'kks dk laU;klh FkkA eSa mu fnuksa xSfjd oL=k igus jgrk Fkk vkSj ekyk
ckgj jgrh FkhA blhfy, igpkus tkrs FksA mu fnuksa vks'kks ds laU;kfl;ksa dh
lc rjiQ vkykspuk gksrh FkhA fiQj Hkh Hktu czãpkjh ckck vius f'k";ksa
ls vfèkd eq>s I;kj djrs FksA eq>s lEeku nsrs FksA eq>s ikl fcBkdj viuk
,d xhr lqukrs Fks & ^HkfDr dk ekjx lhèkk js] dgs ckck czãpkjhA* eSa
mUgsa dgrk] esjk rks è;ku dk ekxZ gS HkfDr dk ughaA esjs xq# è;ku fl[kkrs
gSaA os dgrs µrw ugha tkurk jsA HkfDr dk ekxZ cM+k lhèkk gSA Kku ds ekxZ
esa cgqr HkVdko gSaA ,d fnu HkfDr ekxZ ls gh rq>s igqapuk gSA¸
vkSj vc eSa ns[krk gw¡ fd HkfDr ekxZ vkSj Kku ekxZ esa dksbZ vUrj ughaA
var esa nksuksa ,d gh eafty ij igq¡pk nsrs gSaA
VkV ckck 51
lu~ 1986 esa gfj}kj esa dqEHk dk esyk yxkA Hkkjr ds ,d cgqr cM+s
lar Lokeh vkuUn nso ls esjh eqykdkr gqbZA os VkV ckck ds uke ls izfl¼
gSaA D;ksafd os fliQZ dej ds uhps VkV ls cus gq, oL=k gh igurs gSaA mUgksaus
eq> ls iwNk fd vks'kks dh ijEijk esa D;k dksbZ thfor xq# vkt gS\ eSaus
dgk] 'kk;n dksbZ ughaA mUgksaus dgk fd ;g okLro esa nqHkkZX;iw.kZ gSA fcuk
fdlh thfor xq# ds vks'kks dh le`¼ ijEijk Hkfo"; esa dSls thfor jg
ik,xh\ eSaus lkspk] D;k vfLrRo bruk dBksj etkd djsxk\ bruk cM+k
ln~xq# bl èkjrh ij vk;k vkSj mlds vueksy dk;Z dks pykus okyk D;k
dksbZ ugha jgsxk\ iqu% eSa 1996 esa ,d èkkfeZd dk;ZØe esa 'kgMksy
(eè;çns'k) esa feykA mUgksaus eq>ls iwNk &^D;k rqe lEcq¼ gks x, gks\*
eSaus eqLdjkrs gq, dgk & ^vHkh ugha*A fiQj rqe rhu eghus ds Hkhrj gh
lEcksfèk dks izkIr dj yksxsA mudk dguk fcYdqy lR; fl¼ gqvkA vkSj eSa
ik¡p ekpZ 1997 dks fcykliqj esa lEcksfèk dks izkIr gks x;kA
52
 esjk laU;kl xzg.k ,oa vks'kks ls eqykdkr
µvks'kks fl¼kFkZ

53
;g tuojh 1979 dh ckr gSA eSa Hkkjrh; foKku dkaxzsl dh cSBd esa
Hkkx ysus ds fy, vgenkckn tk jgk FkkA eSaus vius ,d fe=k Mk- ts-ih-
flUgk] tks lSaVªy Ldwy esa fgUnh foHkkx ds vè;{k Fks] muls jkLrs esa i<+us
ds fy, fdlh vPNh iqLrd dh ekax dhA mUgksaus dgk fd D;k vki
Hkxoku~ jtuh'k ij dksbZ iqLrd i<+uk pkgsaxs\eSaus rqjUr çfrfØ;k dh fd
D;k eSa mudh iqLrd i<waxk] ftUgksaus laHkksx ls lekfèk fy[kh gS\mUgksaus
rqjUr dgk fd vki tSls çKkoku O;fDr dks fcuk fdlh ds ckjs esa dqN
tkus] dksbZ çfrfØ;k djuk 'kksHkk nsrk gS\eSaus bl ij [ksn çdV fd;kA
mUgksaus Hkxoku~ jtuh'k dh ,d iqLrd nh] ftldk uke Fkk & d`".k
esjh n`f"V esaA¸ eSaus cM+s vU;euLd Hkko ls og iqLrd yh ij jkLrs esa ugha
i<+hA ekÅaV vkcw tkdj jkr dks eSaus iqLrd dh çFke iafDr i<+hA i<+rs gh
eSa jksekafpr gks x;kA iwjh jkr og iqLrd i<+us ls eSa Lo;a dks ugha jksd
ldkA vkSj tc lqcg mBk rks eSa ,d fHkUu gh O;fDr FkkA
 gka! rks ;gh og O;fDr gS ftldh eq>s ryk'k FkhA¸ eSa eu gh eu
cqn~cqnk;kA
eSaus MkW- flUgk ls iwNk fd tSlk fd Hkxoku~ jtuh'k us ftØ fd;k gS]
D;k vki eq>s è;ku dh dqN fofèk;ka crk,axsA Mk- flUgk us eq>s ^lfØ;
è;ku* dh fofèk crkbZA eSa fu;fer :i ls mls djus yxkA vkSj çfrfnu
Lo;a dks igys ls vPNk vuqHko djus yxkA fdUrq 6 tqykbZ 79 dks ,d
vk'p;Ztud vuqHko gqvkA è;ku djrs&djrs eSa vius 'kjhj ls ckgj
fudy x;kA ;g ,d cgqr gh jksekafpr djus okyk vuqHko FkkA eSaus fu.kZ;
dj fy;k fd eSa Hkxoku~ jtuh'k dk f'k"; cuw¡xkA
eSa vius rhu fe=kksa ds lkFk 10 ebZ 1980 dks iq.ks igqapk vkSj 13 ebZ
1980 dks laU;kl xzg.k fd;kA fiQj 15 ebZ dks Hkxoku~ jtuh'k us 'kke
dks ÅtkZ n'kZu fn;kA eSa ogka 11 ebZ ls 19 ebZ rd jgkA vks'kks çfrfnu
ik¡p O;fDr;ksa dks viuh çopu lHkk esa ikl fcBkrs FksA gtkjksa lkèkdksa esa
54 ls fdlh ,d O;fDr dk uEcj eqf'dy ls vkrk FkkA esjh [kq'kh dk
fBdkuk ugha jgk tc eq>s yxkrkj rhu fnu rd ikl cSBus dks cqyk;k
x;kA vks'kks us eq>s vius ikl fcBk;kA eSaus vks'kks dks cgqr utnhd ls
ns[kus dk lkSHkkX; çkIr fd;kA
vks'kks ls esjh nwljh eqykdkr fnlEcj 1980 esa gqbZA eSa iwuk x;k gqvk
FkkA le; ysdj eSa ÅtkZ n'kZu ds fy, x;kA vks'kks dks fudV ls ns[kk vkSj
Hkko foHkksj gks x;kA vk'p;Z esa Mwc x;k fd èkjrh ij bruk lqUnj psgjk
Hkh gks ldrk gSA mu fnuksa vks'kks ds pj.k Li'kZ djus dh eukgh FkhA fdUrq
eSa vks'kks ds pj.kksa esa >qd x;kA vks'kks us dqN ugha dgkA fiQj eSaus vks'kks
ds pj.kksa dk pqEcu dj fy;kA eSaus lkspk vc rks vo'; vks'kks dh MkaV
iM+sxh D;ksafd eSa gn ls ckgj pyk x;k FkkA ysfdu esjs lq[kn vk'p;Z dk
fBdkuk ugha jgk tc eSaus ns[kk fd MkaVus ds ctk, vks'kks eq>s ns[kdj
eqLdjk jgs FksA os eq>s FkksM+h nsj rd ns[krs jgs] fiQj mUgksaus ,d cM+h
vn~Hkqr ckr dghA os cksys & esjs laU;kfl;ksa dk [;ky j[kukA¸ rc esjh
le> esa dqN ugha vk;kA fdUrq vc le> ik;k gw¡ fd vks'kks dk b'kkjk
fdl rjiQ FkkA vks'kks us eq>s ÅtkZoku cuk fn;k FkkA vkSj vkt eSa mlh
ÅtkZ dks lekfèk dk;ZØeksa ds ekè;e ls vks'kks ds lkèkdksa dks ck¡V jgk gw¡A
vks'kks ls rhljh eqykdkr dkBekaMw esa gqbZA os ,d gksVy esa Bgjs gq, FksA
eSa vius ,d fe=k Lokeh vkRekuUn ds lkFk ogka igqap x;k FkkA vks'kks us
mu fnuksa n'kZu nsuk can dj fn;k FkkA fdlh us eq> ls iwNk fd D;k vkt
vks'kks n'kZu nsaxs\vkSj eSaus ,sls gh dg fn;k fd ^gk¡] vkt vks'kks vo';
n'kZu nsaxsA vki lc cSB tk,¡A* eSaus eu gh eu çkFkZuk dh fd vks'kks d`i;k
gesa n'kZu nsaA ;fn gekjh Hkkouk,a vki rd igqap jgh gSa] rks d`i;k vki
uhys xkÅu esa n'kZu nsukA esjs lq[kn vk'p;Z dk fBdkuk ugha jgk] tc
vks'kks Bhd pkj cts uhyk xkÅu igus gekjs chp vk [kM+s gq,A os esjs
lkeus iwjs nks feuV rd [kM+s gksdj eq>s cM+s Lusg ls fugkjrs jgsA vkSj fiQj
lSj dks pys x,A okfil vkdj fiQj esjs lkeus nks feuV [kM+s jgs] vkSj eq>
esa ÅtkZ lEçsf"kr djrs jgsA eSa èkU;&èkU; gks x;k FkkA bl rjg vks'kks ls 55
esjh eqykdkr rhu ckj gqbZA vkSj rhuksa ckj dh eqykdkrsa vfoLej.kh; jghaA
 dkS'ky pØ vfHk;ku
vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th dk ;ksxnku

56
vfLrRo dh d#.kk dSls&dSls izLiQqfVr gksrh gS o D;k&D;k la;ksx
jprh gS] bl ckr dh >yd rc feyrh gS tc ge vrhr dh vksj eqM+dj
ns[krs gSa A vDVwcj*93 esa igyh ckj] vks'kksèkkjk ds HkkxhjFk ln~xq: vks'kks
fl¼kFkZ th ls u;u feys vkSj ge muesa Mwc gh x;sA feyus dk ekè;e
cuk dkS'ky&pØ vfHk;kuA
vks'kksèkkjk ds izorZd vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th us tkiku esa
izpfyr DokfyVh ldZy dks Hkkjrh; ifjos'k esa xzkg~;
dkS'ky&pØ ds :i esa dgha vfèkd izHkkoh <+ax ls
dks;yk] jsy] lhesaV] isijfey vkfn vusd m|ksxksa esa
igqapk;kA O;fDrxr dk;Zdq'kyrk esa lqèkkj] m|ksx ds izfr
viukiu dk Hkko] Vhe&fcfYMax] izR;sd deZpkjh ds vanj
ncs l`tukRed xq.kksa dks mHkkj dj lkewfgd fu.kZ; }kjk
bls izk;ksfxd Lrj ij vkSj fu[kkjdj dk;ZLFky esa dk;Z
tfur ruko ds LFkku ij vkuafnr vuqHko djuk] ^cgqtu
fgrk; cgqtu lq[kk;* dh Hkkouk ls izsfjr gksdj dk;Z
djuk] lkFk gh dk;ZLFky ds lkFk&lkFk ifjokj esa Hkh
izseiw.kZ o vkuUniw.kZ ekgkSy mRiUu gksuk & dkS'ky pØ
vfHk;ku ds fn[kus okys FkksMs+ ls izHkko FksA
varr% bu xq.kkRed ifjorZuksa ls m|ksxksa esa dk;Z dq'kyrk esa
vçR;kf'kr lqèkkj] mRiknu esa lqèkkj ds lkFk&lkFk foRrh; ykHk esa Hkh
c<+ksrjh Li"V :i ls ifjyf{kr gksus yxhA
HkkSfrd ekinaM ij n`f"Vxkspj dkS'ky pØ ds iQwy rks ek=k leqnz ls
ok"ihd`r dqN es?k gh Fks & lEiw.kZ ve`r dk egklkxj rks Hkfo"; esa
^vks'kksèkkjk* ds ekè;e ls vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th ds }kjk vfLrRo dh yhyk ls
lEiw.kZ ekuork dks feyk] ftlesa dfo ân; dh laosnuk gS] vuqHko ls 57
flDr 'kCnksa dk ykfyR;iw.kZ [ktkuk gS] oSKkfud i¼fr o vkèkkj gS]
dq'ky izcaèku dh O;oLFkk gS] ukn&uwj laxhr dk jgL;e;h lalkj gS]
leLr larksa dh vyx&vyx igpku ds lkFk&lkFk foy;hdj.k gS o
dne&dne ij larRo dh Nki gS] vkSj bu lcds lkFk mRlo gSA
vks'kksèkkjk :ih fo'kky oVo`{k ftldh tM+ewy fnu&izfrfnu
vkè;kfRed Hkwfe esa lekfgr gksdj o`{k dks lgkjk ns jgha gSa] izFker%
dkS'ky pØ vfHk;ku ds uke ls mitkA
vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th us dksy bafM;k fyfeVsM+ dh bZdkbZ lh-,e-ih-Mh-
vkbZ- esa o"kZ *92 esa ,d fMªfyax dSEi esa dkS'ky&pØ ds ekè;e ls
dk;Ziz.kkyh o dk;Zifj.kke esa vizR;kf'kr lqèkkj izkIr fd;sA blls
izHkkfor gksdj lkmFk bZLVuZ dksy iQhYMl~ fyfeVsM+ eq[;ky;] fcykliqj
us o"kZ *93 esa fl¼kFkZ th dks dEiuh esa dksS'ky&pØ vfHk;ku ds ekè;e
ls dEiuh esa lqj{kk o dk;Z ifjos'k esa lqèkkj djus gsrq egkizcUèkd]
 dkS'ky pØ ;kstuk] dk nkf;Ro lkSaikA ;ghaa ls 'kq: gksrh gS ;k=kk
dkS'ky&pØ vfHk;ku ds vanj Nqis ^vks'kksèkkjk* ds cht ds izLiQqVu dhA
vDVwcj 1993 esa ,l- bZ- lh- ,y ds fofHkUu {ks=kksa dh dks;yk [knkusa]
tks fcykliqj eq[;ky; ls yxHkx 100 ls 300 fd-eh- nwj fLFkr gSa] esa
vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th izR;sd ekg lHkh {ks=kksa esa mcM+&[kkcM+ jkLrksa dh ;k=kk
dj dks;yk [kku ds deZpkfj;ksa] vfèkdkfj;ksa dh dk;Z iz.kkyh esa
dq'kyrk dk vkyksd iQSykrs jgsA cSBd ds nkSjku muds vk[;ku dks lHkh
ea=k eqXèk gks lqurs o vxyh ehfVax ls igys u;s dkS'ky pØksa dh LFkkiuk]
dq'kyrk o l`tukRed dk;Z djrs o yhd ls gVdj dks;yk&mn~;ksx ,oa
lekt ds fgr esa dqN miyfCèk izkIr djus dk ladYi ysdj tkrsA
tqykbZ *95 rd lrr pyus okyh bl izdkj dh cSBdksa o mldh
leh{kk ls dkS'ky vfHk;ku dk vkyksd iQSyrk jgkA
dkS'ky iQksje f=kfnolh; dk;ZØe Fkk] tks fd xkSre cq¼ ds
58 v"Vkafxd ekxZ ij vkèkkfjr FkkA blesa laxhr] lalkj o lkèkuk dk
peRdkfjd laxe FkkA igyh ckj dkiksZjsV Lrj ds fdlh dk;ZØe esa
O;fDrxr o lkewfgd dq'kyrk c<+kus ds fy;s vkèkqfud izcaèku }kjk
è;ku] laxhr dk iz;ksx gqvkA ;g dk;ZØe cgqr gh izHkkoh jgkA
dkS'ky&xhr ^gjk Hkjk fgUnqLrku pkfg;s* o izR;sd l=k ds igys izKk
xhr] tks laxhr ny }kjk xk;s tkrs Fks] lHkh dks jksekafpr o Hkko foHkksj
dj] ,d vuwBk leka ckaèk nsrs] tks fd vkt Hkh vks'kksèkkjk ds lekfèk
dk;ZØeksa dh fof'k"Vrk gSA
iwjs dk;ZØe esa le; dh ikcanh] cSBus dh O;oLFkk vkSj vU; lkjh
O;oLFkk,a] dk;ZØe lapkyu] iQSdYVh dk dk;ZHkkj] eq[; vfrfFk dks
fuea=k.k] mudk Lokxr vkSj vU; lHkh çdkj ds vk;kstuksa dh ftEesnkjh
Fkh ,d ek=k vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th dhA brus ifjJe ds ckotwn mudk
eq[ke.My ,d vykSfdd vkHkk ls nsnhI;eku jgrk Fkk] tks lcdks pqacd
dh rjg vkdf"kZr dj :ikarfjr dj nsrkA
 bl dk;ZØe esa Hkkx ysus ds ckn yxHkx lHkh ds mn~xkj jgrs &
^^vkt rd xyr Vsªu esa lokj Fkk] vc lgh fn'kk fey x;hA esjs thou esa
:ikarj.k gks x;k] vkfn&vkfnA**
o"kZ 95&96 rd thou :ikarj.k dk ;g dk;ZØe pyrk jgkA vxyh
var;kZ=kk dh rS;kjh eas yksx tqVrs pys x;sA
bl chp vfLrRo dk ,d vkSj [ksy 'kq: gqvkA o"kZ 96 ds iwokZ¼ esa
mPpkfèkdkfj;ksa dh nqHkkZoukuqlkj dkS'ky&pØ vfHk;ku o dkS'ky iQksje
dk;ZØe LFkfxr dj fn;k x,] ftlls vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th dks varlkZèkuk esa
gh jr jgus dk Hkjiwj volj feykA
o"kZ 1996 ds mRrjk¼Z esa iqu% dkS'ky&pØ vfHk;ku o dkS'ky iQksje
'kq: gks x;k] ,oa vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th dk ,l-bZ-lh-,y- ds lHkh dks;yk
{ks=kksa esa Hkze.k o cSBd iqu% vkjaHk gks x;kA
dkS'ky&vfHk;ku ds bl nkSj esa egku~ ?kVuk,a ?kVrh FkhaaA (ftlesa
xokg gksuk Fkk eè;izns'k ds 'kgMksy ftys esa ,l-bZ-lh-,y- ds lksgkxiqj 59
{ks=k ds jktsUnz&uoxkao [knku esa fLFkr jktsUnz uxj] vksfj;aV isijfey
veykbZ o rifLo;ksa dh LFkyh lksu&ueZnk ds mn~xe LFky vejdaVd
dksA)
13 tuojh 1997 esa vfLrRo ds }kjk l`f"V ds jgL;ksa dks mtkxj djus
ds i'pkr~ fl¼kFkZ th 5 ekpZ 1997 dks ije Kku dks miyCèk gq,A blds
i'pkr~ rks lkjk vfLrRo lc fn'kkvksa ls vkè;kfRed txr esa lcls
mnhIreku u{k=k ^vks'kksèkkjk* dks LFkkfir djus dk vk;kstu djus yxkA
ln~x: f=kfoj vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th] vks'kks 'kSysUnz th o vks'kks fiz;kth dks
tqVkus esa vfLrRo ds [ksy dks vc voyksdu djus ij ,d lq[kn vk'p;Z
gksrk gSA
1997 esa iqu% dkS'ky&vfHk;ku us dks;yk m|ksx esa liQyrk ds dbZ
lksiku Li'kZ fd;sA blh lanHkZ esa vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th dk lksgkxiqj {ks=k]
'kgMksy esa izfr ekg vkxeu gksrk jgkA ^^'kSysUnz&fiz;k dks tksM+ks** ijexq#
 vks'kks dk ;g lans'k yxkrkj vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th dks feyrk jgkA ckn esa
irk pyk fd ;s rks vks'kks vuqt o mudh lgèkfeZ.kh gSa] tks vksfj;aV isij
fey] veykbZ 'kgMksy esa eè;izns'k esa fpfdRld ,oa laxhr f'kf{kdk ds
:i esa inLFk gSaA fl¼kFkZ th dks bu rd igqapus ds fy, Hkh vfLrRo us
vn~Hkqr [ksy [ksykA mu fnuksa isij fey dh fLFkfr Bhd ugha FkhA ?kkVs esa
py jgh FkhA vfo'okl dk ekgkSy FkkA lksgkxiqj esa dkS'ky & vfHk;ku
tksjksa ls py jgk Fkk o blds izHkko o egRo dh ppkZ lc rjiQ FkhA isij
fey ds izcUèku ds mPp vfèkdkjh jktsUnzk [knku Hkh ns[kdj izHkkfor
gq;sA
o"kZ 97 esa isij fey esa igyh ckj dkS'ky&izKk dk;ZØe vk;ksftr
fd;k x;kA
'kSysUnzth us ml dk;ZØe esa vueus <ax ls Hkkx fy;kA ysfdu vxyh
dqN gh eqykdkrksa eas 'kSysUnzth o fiz;kth fl¼kFkZ th esa gh lekfgr gks
60 x;sA ekuork ds fy, ojnku ln~xq: f=kfoj dk feyu vfLrRo ds bl
egk[ksy ds }kjk gqvkA
tqykbZ 1997 esa igyh ckj] fcykliqj eas 6 fnolh; vkuan izKk o
è;ku izKk dk;ZØe vk;ksftr fd;k x;k Fkk] Hkkjrh; ;ksx ,oa izcUèku
laLFkku ds rRokèkku esaA blds igys fpjfejh esa f=kfnolh; vkuan izKk dk
vk;kstu O;fDrxr Lrj ij fd;k x;kA Jh ,-ch-ikaMs }kjk blds fy,
igy dh x;h FkhA tqykbZ 1997 ds i'pkr~ 22 ls 26 vDVwcj 1997 esa
jktsUnzk] ftyk 'kgMksy esa] è;ku izKk dk;ZØe vk;ksftr fd;k x;kA uo
fufeZr ,DliVZ gkWLVy pkbfut xsLV gkml dk mn~?kkVu bl dk;ZØe ds
}kjk gqvkA bl dk;ZØe ds ckn rks jktsUnzk esa dbZ dk;ZØeksa dk nkSj 'kq:
gks x;kA vDVqcj 97 ds è;ku izKk dk;ZØe dh mi;ksfxrk ns[kus
vksfj;aV isij fey izcUèku ds mPp vfèkdkjh Hkh vk;s Fks vkSj blls
izHkkfor gksdj izR;sd o"kZ de ls de nks dk;ZØe isij fey esa vk;ksftr
djus dk izcUèku }kjk fu.kZ; fy;k x;kA ftlls isij fey dh fLFkfr esa
lqèkkj o lrr fodkl Li"V n`f"Vxkspj gqvkA vksadkj nh{kk esa Hkkx ysus ds
fy;s fl¼kFkZth us è;ku izKk ds lHkh Lukrdksa dks funsZ'k fn;k fd jkst
lqcg 4 cts mBdj è;ku de ls de rhu ekg djuk] ftldh os Lo;a
fcykliqj ls pkSdlh djrs jgsaxsa] ,oa iwjh fu"Bk ls è;ku izfrfnu djus ij
gh ik=krk r; gksxh & vksadkj nh{kk ds fy,A bl nkSjku fl¼kFkZ th
tc&tc lksgkxiqj vkrs] jktsUnzk xsLV gkml esa gh :drs o 'kke dks
pkanuh jkr ;k lkekU; jkr esa dHkh taxy ds chp] dHkh lksu unh ds
rVcaèk ij] dHkh ppbZ ikoj gkml ds xsLV gkml] tks fd ,d igkM+h ij
fLFkr gS & ys tkrs ,oa ogak è;ku djokrs] Hktu pyrk o mRlo gksrkA ;s
lc fcrk;s gq; eèkqj {k.k Le`fr dks"k esa [ktkus dh rjg lafpr gaSA izFke
lekfèkizKk dk;ZØe vejdaVd esa 3&5 vizSy]*98 dks gqvk] ftlesa
vksadkj&nh{kk 5 vizSy] *98 dks nh xbZ] ftlds vk;kstu esa
vfLrRo ds vn`'; gkFk Li"V utj vk;sA
bl izdkj vejdaVd dks vks'kksèkkjk dk vkSj dkS'ky pØ dks lekfèk 61
dk;ZØeksa dk xkseq[k cuus dk lkSHkkX; feykA
µLokeh vkdk'knhi] ek nhi f'k[kk (jk¡ph)
62
 ml jkr dh ckr

63
19 tuojh] 1990 vkt Hkh Hkqyk, ugha HkwyrkA lqcg 7 cts jkaph ls
èkuckn dh ;k=kk ij tkuk FkkA ;k=kh Fks MkWDVj lkgc vFkkZr~ Mk- ohjsUnz
dqekj flag (vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th) vkSj eSaA jkLrs esa cksdkjks esa 10 cts dqN
nsj #duk Fkk] Jh ts- oh- ,l- jk.kk th ls ckr djuh Fkh] muds lkFk
Hkkstu djuk Fkk] fiQj èkuckn çLFkku djuk FkkA exj jkaph esa gh 11 ct
x;sA eSaus MkDVj lkgc ls iwNk fd vkids dk;ZØe esa rks ,slk dHkh ugha
gksrkA feuV&feuV dk [;ky gksrk gSA le; dh vn~Hkqr ikcanh gksrh gSA
fiQj bruk foyac\
MkWDVj lkgc vçR;kf'kr :i ls f[kUu fn[kkbZ iM+sA mUgksaus viuk {kksHk
Lohdkj djrs gq, dgk&gka] vuqt] vkt lc dqN xM+cM+ py jgk gSA nks
ckFk:eksa esa vyx&vyx xhtj gSaA ,d le; ,d gh vkWu fd;k tk
ldrk gSaA eq>esa vkSj Jherh th esa ukle>h ds pyrs dbZ ckj Ý;wt mM+kA
tc rS;kj gqvk] rks xkM+h ds fy, nkSM+&Hkkx djuh iM+hA rc dgha xkM+h
 vHkh&vHkh vkbZ gSA dqN le> ugha vkrk] vkt ,slk D;ksa gks jgk gS\¸
vkf[kj vijkg~u 3 cts ge yksx cksdkjks igqapsA jk.kk lkgc dc ls
bartkj dj jgs FksA 'kknh dk ekeyk FkkA jk.kk lkgc ds iq=k Jh tksuw jk.kk
ls MkWDVj lkgc dh iq=kh 'kksHkk dk fookg r; gksuk FkkA tYnh&tYnh esa
Hkkstu ds le; gh dqN çkjafHkd ckrphr gks ldhA fiQj feyus dh ckr
dg MkWDVj lkgc mBs vkSj ge yksx vkxs dh ;k=kk ij py iM+sA
dqN nsj pyus ds ckn gh MkWDVj lkgc us dgk&vuqt] vkt eq>s
fcYdqy gh vPNk ugha yx jgk gSA yxrk gS esjs 'kjhj esa çk.k gh ugha gSaA
D;ksa u vkxs dh ;k=kk LFkfxr dj ge yksx jkaph ykSV pysaA¸
ugha] èkuckn dk dk;Z vR;ar t:jh gSA¸&eSaus la;r gksdj dgkA cM+h
eqf'dy ls os èkuckn pyus dks jkth gq,A ysfdu ml fnu tSlk fu"çk.k
eSaus mUgsa dHkh ugha ns[kkA
èkuckn ls FkksM+k igys xksèkj iM+rk gSA Hkkjr dksfdax dksy fy- ds
64 dqleq.M+k {ks=k dk {ks=kh; dk;kZy; xksèkj esa gh gSA mu fnuksa ogka ds
egkçcaèkd Jh mek'kadj flag FksA os MkWDVj lkgc ds vuU; fe=k vkSj
çfl¼ lar vkS?kM+ Hkxoku~ jke ds çeq[k f'k";ksa esa ls gSaA ge yksx muds
dk;kZy; esa yxHkx 5 cts 'kke dks igqapsA Jh mek'kadj flag th us ge
yksxksa dk gkfnZd Lokxr fd;k vkSj rqjar pk; eaxokbZA irk ugha pk; dk
çHkko Fkk ;k fdlh nSoh ?kVuk dk] MkWDVj lkgc vpkud iwjh rjg LoLFk
fn[ksA mUgksaus dgk Hkh&vuqt] vc eSa Bhd eglwl dj jgk gwaA lqcg ls tks
ijs'kkuh py jgh Fkh] yxrk gS] vc eSa mlls eqDr gksdj iwjh rjg fuHkkZj
gks x;k gwaA¸ mek'kadj th ds vkxzg ij ge yksx jkr dqleq.Mk fLFkr
vkokl x`g esa BgjsA ;g ,d cM+k caxykuqek vkokl Fkk] ftlesa ,d lqanj
m|ku Hkh FkkA lkjk ifjos'k lqanj FkkA ge nksuksa ,d gh dejs esa BgjsA jkr
dks Hkkstu ij Jh flag liRuh ièkkjsA muds fonk gksus ds ckn ge yksx lks
x,A
jkr yxHkx nks cts esjh vka[ksa [kqy xbZA f[kM+dh ls ,d Lof.kZe
çdk'k vanj vk;kA ns[krs&ns[krs ml çdk'k us vks'kks dk :i ys fy;kA
eSaus blds iwoZ vks'kks dks ugha ns[kk FkkA MkWDVj lkgc ds ;gka ns[ks fp=kksa ds
vkèkkj ij gh eSa mUgsa igpku ldkA eSa mB cSBkA ueLdkj esa esjs nksuksa gkFk
tqM+ x,A vks'kks us vk'kh"k fn;kA eSa gSjku FkkA vks'kks viuk nkfguk gkFk
MkWDVj lkgc dh vksj ojn eqnzk esa mBk, gq, eqLdjk jgs FksA os dqN cksy
ugha jgs Fks] exj fiQj Hkh yxk tSls os dg jgs gSa&txkus ij bls crkuk fd
eSa vk;k FkkA fl¼kFkZ ds }kjk cgqr cM+k dke gksus okyk gSA rqe lnk bldk
lkFk nsukA esjk vk'khokZn lnk lkFk gSA¸
vks'kks ns[krs&ns[krs iqu% Lof.kZe çdk'k esa cny x, vkSj ftl ekxZ ls
vk, Fks] mlh ekxZ ls frjksfgr gks x,A
eSa gDdk&cDdk FkkA fctyh xqy FkhA ml BaM esa Hkh eSa ilhus ls rj
FkkA eSaus MkWDVj lkgc dks mBkus dh lksphA ysfdu irk ugha D;ksa eSa ,slk
ugha dj ldkA eSa dejs ls ckgj fudy vk;kA cjkens esa dqN nsj
pgydneh djrk jgkA fiQj dejs esa okil vk x;kA yxHkx 4 65
ctrs&ctrs eSa vkSj vfèkd vius dks ugha jksd ldkA eSaus MkWDVj lkgc
dks dgk&MkWDVj lkgc] mfB,A vc eq>ls jgk ugha tkrkA ;gka cgqr cM+h
?kVuk gks xbZ gSA¸
D;k ckr gS vuqt\vkidks dqN nsj ls cgqr pgydneh djrs gq,
vuqHko dj jgk gwa\¸ MkWDVj lkgc dk Loj la;r FkkA
D;k vki txs gq, Fks\¸
ugha] vka[k rks can Fkh] exj vki dqN ijs'kku gSa] ,slk vuqHko dj jgk
FkkA¸
rc eSaus mUgsa iwjh ckr crkbZ] tks eSaus ns[kk vkSj vuqHko fd;k FkkA
vk'p;Z] vki èkU; Hkkxh gSaA¸ MkWDVj lkgc mBdj cSB x, FksA
;gka ;g crk nsuk mfpr gksxk fd MkWDVj lkgc ebZ 1980 ls vks'kks ds
f'k"; Fks] ysfdu MkWDVj lkgc ds çfr iwjh J¼k jgrs gq, Hkh vks'kks esa esjh
 mRlqdrk dHkh ugha jghA cfYd eSa MkWDVj lkgc dks dbZ ckj vks'kks ls
foeq[k gksus ds fy, dgrk jgrk FkkA ;gka rd fd 1989 esa tc MkWDVj
lkgc us Hkkjrh; ;ksx ,oa çcaèku laLFkku dh LFkkiuk dh vkSj eq>s mldk
dks"kkè;{k cuk;k] rc Hkh eSaus blh 'krZ ij ;g in Lohdkj fd;k fd bl
laLFkku dks vks'kks ds çHkko ls eqDr j[kk tk,xkA eSa dbZ ckj fu%ladksp
vks'kks dh vkykspuk dj fn;k djrk Fkk] exj MkWDVj lkgc bls esjh
vKkurk ekudj mis{kk dj nsrs Fks ;k fiQj dgrs&vuqt] ;fn eSa vks'kks dks
çse djus ds fy, Lora=k gwa] rks vki Hkh mudh vkykspuk djus ds fy,
Lora=k gSaA¸
blfy, tc vks'kks us bl rjg eq>s n'kZu fn;k rks eSa Hkh pkSadk] ysfdu
fiQj Hkh lkjh ?kVuk ij eSa MkWDVj lkgc dh çfrfØ;k tkuus ds fy, cspSu
gks mBkA
&vki dgrs gSa fd bl ?kVuk ls vki vk'p;Zpfdr gSa vkSj ;g Hkh fd
66 eSa èkU;Hkkxh gwaA ,slk D;ksa\¸
&gka] vuqtA vk'p;Zpfdr rks blfy, fd bl rjg Lof.kZe çdk'k ds
:i esa vkuk vkSj nsg èkkj.k djuk rHkh laHko gS tc vks'kks us 'kjhj NksM+
fn;k gks] ysfdu vHkh rks os 'kjhj esa gSaA fiQj vkius tks ns[kk] og Hkh
vykSfdd Fkk] vr% èkU;Hkkxh rks vki gSa ghA dqN Hkh gks ;g ?kVuk vki
;kn j[ksaA bldk Bhd&Bhd vFkZ Hkfo"; ds xHkZ esa fNik gSA¸
MkWDVj lkgc ekSu gks x,A FkksM+h nsj esa 'kk;n lks Hkh x,A ij eSa rks iy
Hkj ds fy, Hkh u lks ldkA ml Lof.kZe çdk'k ls esjs Hkhrj dk lkjk
dpjk tSls ty x;kA eSaus vius Hkhrj ,d Økafrdkjh :ikUrj.k eglwl
fd;kA
lcsjs ge yksx fxjMhg py iM+sA ogka tkus dk mís'; lwiQh ckck ls
feyuk FkkA os ,d igqaps gq, iQdhj gSa vkSj MkWDVj lkgc dks vR;fèkd
Lusg djrs gSaA muds vkJe ds Bhd igys Lokeh jru flag Hkkjrh dk
vkokl gSA Lokeh th vks'kks ds flD[k laU;klh gSa vkSj viuh galh&etkd
ds fy, lHkh txg ;kn fd, tkrs gSaA T;ksa gh ge yksx muds vkokl ds
ikl #ds] muds yM+ds us [kcj nh fd os vHkh lks jgs gSaA fnu ds ckjg
ct jgs FksA MkWDVj lkgc us galrs gq, muds yM+ds ls dgk&^rks txkvksA
ckjg cts dksbZ lksus dk oDr gS\D;k lpeqp ckjg cts---\* rc rd jru
flag th ckgj vkrs gq, fn[kkbZ iM+sA mudh vka[ksa lq[kZ yky FkhaA yxrk Fkk
;s vka[ksa dc ls jks jgh gSaA
D;k ckr gS Lokeh th\lc Bhd rks gS\
MkDVj lkgc us xaHkhj gksrs gq, dgkA vks'kks ugha jgsA¸ vkSj jru flag
dh vka[kksa ls vkalqvksa dh cjlkr 'kq: gks xbZA
MkWDVj lkgc vkSj Lokeh jru flag th ,d nwljs ds xys ls fpiV x,A
nksuksa dh vka[ksa lkou&Hkknksa gks xbZ FkhaA eSa vokd~ jkr dh ?kVuk ij fopkj
dj jgk FkkA MkWDVj lkgc us esjh ihB ij gkFk j[krs gq, èkhjs&ls dku esa
iQqliQqlk;k&vuqt] vkius jkr esa rc Bhd gh ns[kk Lof.kZe çdk'kA vki
fdrus èkU;Hkkxh gSa!¸ 67
Lokeh jru flag ls irk pyk fd 19 tuojh dks yxHkx 5 cts lk;a
vks'kks us ;g u'oj 'kjhj NksM+ fn;kA eSa lkspus yxk D;k MkWDVj lkgc dh
fnu Hkj dh cspSuh vkSj lka; 5 cts ,dk,d fuHkkZj gksus dk vks'kks ds nsg
R;kx ls dksbZ lacaèk rks ugha!
jru flag th ls feydj ge nksuksa lwiQh ckck ds ;gka x,A os tSls ge
yksxksa dk bartkj gh dj jgs FksA MkWDVj lkgc dh euilan fHkaMh dh lCth
Hkh cuh FkhA Hkkstu ds ckn ekSdk feyrs gh eSaus ckck ls jkr dh ?kVuk dk
ftØ fd;kA ckck us dgk&^rqeus fcYdqy Bhd ns[kk vkSj Bhd lqukA
vks'kks dk ,d egr~ dk;Z MkWDVj lkgc ds }kjk laiUu gksus okyk gSA vks'kks
us blh ds fy, viuk ladsr fn;k vkSj viuk vk'khokZn HkhA*
ckck ls feydj ge yksx èkuckn vk x,A ogka MkWDVj lkgc ds NksVs
HkkbZ lqjsUnz th (vks'kks ds laU;klh) ds vkokl ij x,A ogka MkWDVj lkgc
ds firkth Lokeh lgtkuan Hkkjrh (vks'kks ds gh laU;klh) fuokl djrs
 FksA os eq>s iq=kor Lusg djrs FksA jkr dh ckr eSaus mUgsa Hkh crkbZA vks'kks ds
fonk gksus ds ckn ls os eekZgr gks x,A ;wa Hkh mudk LokLF; Bhd ugha jg
jgk FkkA os MkWDVj lkgc dh vksj vfHkeq[k gks cksys&ccqvk] tc vks'kks gh
u jgs] rks bl lalkj esa vc thus dh dksbZ bPNk u jghA rqe btktr nks] rks
eSa Hkh pywa\¸
eSa vkidk iq=k gwaA D;k blds fy, eSa vkidks btktr nwaxk\¸
gka] vc bl 'kjhj ls vkSj ;k=kk laHko ughaA rqe gka dg nks] rks
'kkafriwoZd vkxs dh ;k=kk ij fudywaA¸
irk ugha MkWDVj lkgc us D;k lkspkA exj eSa vokd~ jg x;k tc
mUgksaus fufoZdkj Hkko ls dgk&Bhd gS ckcwth] vkidh tSlh ethZA¸ Lokeh
lgtkuan [kq'k gks x,A tSls fdlh cPps dks ?kj ls ckgj [ksyus tkus ds
fy, vfHkHkkod ls btktr fey xbZ gksA
vkSj Lokeh lgtkuan th us nlosa fnu] ek?k Jh iapeh 31 tuojh
68 1990 dks iwjs gks'kksgok'k esa vius u'oj 'kjhj dk R;kx dj fn;kA xq# ds
çfr ,slk çse eSaus vU;=k ugha ns[kkA ckn esa lqjsUnz th us crk;k fd tkus ds
fnu os lcls feysA fiQj dgus yxs fd cM+dk ccqvk (MkWDVj lkgc) ls
rks igys gh btktr fey xbZ gSA fonk gksrs le; lgtkuan th dh tcku
ij nks gh uke Fks&,d vks'kks dk vkSj nwljk cM+dk ccqvk vFkkZr~ MkWDVj
lkgc dkA
lqjsUnz th dg jgs Fks&vki èkU; gSa] flag lkgc] tks HkkbZ y{e.k dh
rjg HkS;k (MkWDVj lkgc) ds lkFk lnk lkFk jgrs gSaA mudk HkkbZ gksdj
Hkh Hkjr dh rjg nwj jguk gh 'kk;n esjh fu;fr gSA¸
tc bl ckj MkWDVj lkgc ls feyk] muds fnO; :i dks] lacq¼ :i
dks ns[kk rks ml jkr dh cgqr ;kn vkbZ vkSj ;kn vk;k vks'kks dk eq[kj
ekSu&fl¼kFkZ ds }kjk cgqr cM+k dke gksus okyk gSA rqe lnk bldk lkFk
nsukA esjk vk'khokZn lnk lkFk gSA¸
gs vks'kks] vkius Bhd gh dgk FkkA vc vius o`{k dk iQwy vki Lo;a
ns[ksaA jgh mudk lkFk nsus dh esjh ckr] rks jke ls vyx y{e.k dk
vfLrRo dgka gS\D;k dHkh Hkwy ldrk gwa eSa ml jkr dh ckr\
var esa vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th }kjk jfpr iqLrd ^èkEea 'kj.ke~ xPNkfe* ls
;s iafDr;ka mn~?k`r djuk pkgrk gw¡ &
ugha ek;wl gks bruk elhgk dh fonkbZ ls
pysxk flyflyk fiQj bfCrnk, e;dnk gksxh
pquk [kqn jc us gS ^fl¼kFkZ* dks jgcj t+ekus
dk
ugha vks'kks ds e;[kkus ls vc jkSud fonk gksxhA
µch-ih- flag (ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th ds ,d fe=k vkSj vc
f'k";)

69
70
 lkèkuk ,oa lEcksfèk
µvks'kks fl¼kFkZ

71
vks'kks ds uo laU;kl dks eSaus ikjEifjd :i esa gh fy;kA ?kj vkdj
eSaus pVkbZ fcNk yh vkSj mlh ij ysVuk 'kq: fd;kA dbZ o"kZ rd eSa pVkbZ
ij gh 'k;u djrk jgkA ckn esa iRuh ds dgus ij eSaus pVkbZ ij njh fcNk
yhA dqN o"kZ ckn iRuh us dkyhu Hkh fcNk fn;kA ,d NksVk lk rfd;k Hkh
ns fn;kA iRuh dk xn~nk fcNkus dk vkxzg eSaus dHkh ugha ekukA 16 lky
rd eSaus cM+h dfBu lkèkuk dhA lqcg 7 ls 8 cts rd eSa lfØ; è;ku
djrk FkkA vkSj 'kke dks 7 ls 8 cts dq.Mfyuh djrk FkkA dHkh&dHkh
uknczã vkSj uVjkt è;ku Hkh dj ysrk FkkA vukikulrh ;ksx fnu Hkj
djrk FkkA chp&chp esa larksa ls Hkh feyus pyk tkrk FkkA
dqN fnu ckn Lokeh vxsg Hkkjrh ds ?kj ij ,d lar vk, ftudk uke
Fkk vjfoUn ik.MsA fdUrq yksx mUgsa çHkq th dgdj gh cqykrs FksA eSa feyus
muds ?kj igq¡pkA mUgksaus ckrphr ds nkSjku iwNkµ D;k vks'kks us dgha dgk
 gS fd lfØ; è;ku djus ls cq¼Ro feysxk\¸ eSa pkSadkA mUgksaus crk;k fd
vks'kks us dgha ,slk ugha dgk gSA cfYd vks'kks us viuh iqLrd è;ku &;ksx
çFke ,oa vafre eqfDr¸ esa Li"V dgk gS fd lfØ; è;ku] è;ku ugha gSA
u gh dq.Mfyuh è;ku gSA vkius 16 lky esgur djds D;k ik;k\ ;g
le; rqeus O;FkZ xaok;kA¸
eSaus lfØ; è;ku djuk can dj fn;kA vkSj eSa cgqr fpafrr jgus yxk
fd vc D;k gksxk\eSa dSls lR; dks ik ldwaxk\ 13 tuojh 1997 dh jkr
Fkh eSaus fu'p; fd;k fd ;g vafre jkr gSA vc eSa dHkh è;ku ugha
d:axkA vks'kks Hkh vc 'kjhj esa ugha gSaA dkSu esjk ekxZn'kZu djsxk\ eSaus
vius vki dks gkjk gqvk eglwl fd;kA eq>s fujk'kk us ?ksj fy;kA eSa lks
x;kA eq>s jkr nks cts tSls fdlh 'kfDr us txk;k vkSj ladsr fn;k fd eSa
cxy okys dejs esa pyk tkÅaA
bu fnuksa eSa fcykliqj esa vius ?kj ds çFke ry ij jgrk FkkA ml
72 dejs esa xq:ukud nso dh rLohj FkhA eSaus ns[kk fd lkjk dejk ,d
vn~Hkqr çdk'k ls Hkjk gqvk gSA eSaus lk{kkr~ xq:ukud nso dh
mifLFkfr dk vuqHko fd;kA iwjs dejs esa ,d vn~Hkqr laxhr xwat jgk
FkkA rHkh fdlh us dgk fd lquks ;gh vksadkj gSA eSa vksadkj esa Mwc
x;kA vkSj ;gha esjh vksadkj nh{kk gks xbZA ;gk¡ ;g Hkh Li"V :i ls
vkHkkl gqvk fd lekfèk D;k gS vkSj lekfèk esa D;k gksrk gS\ml
lÙkk us eq>s ;g vuqHko djk fn;kA
tc eSa çkr% raæk ls tkxk rks eq>s Li"V lekfèk Kku gks pqdk FkkA ;|fi
vHkh lEcksfèk ?kfVr ugha gqbZ Fkh fdUrq fl¼kUrr% eq>s irk py x;k Fkk
fd lEcksfèk D;k gS\eSa cgqr eLrh esa FkkA eSa mlh eLrh esa Mwc x;kA 13
tuojh ls 5 ekpZ rd cM+h eLrh jghA
5 ekpZ dks tc eSa lqcg mBk rks esjs eu esa vk;k fd vc lEcksfèk dk
lk{kkr~ vuqHko Hkh gksuk pkfg,A eSa Vgyus pyk x;kA tc Vgydj okfil
vk;k rks ekxZ esa ,d o`¼ lh efgyk feyhA mlus dgk jke&jke HkkbZ
jke&jkeA og efgyk igys Hkh feyrh FkhA ij mlus dHkh jke jke ugha
dh FkhA ml fnu eq>s yxk fd ;g esjs Hkhrj ds jkeRo dks iqdkj jgh gSA
mlus esjs Hkhrj dks >d>ksj fn;kA esjs Hkhrj ,d rjax lh iSnk gks xbZA eSa
LdwVj ij cSBdj dk;kZy; dh vksj py iM+kA esjs Hkhrj ogh rjax FkhA
eq>s yxk tSls lkjk vfLrRo esjs Hkhrj gSA eSa bl fojkV vfLrRo dk ,d
fgLlk gw¡A eSa fojkV vfLrRo esa foyhu gks x;k FkkA eq>s irk ugha eSa
dk;kZy; dSls igq¡pkA cl] eSaus LdwVj dks dk;kZy; esa [kM+k ik;kA ;g lc
vfLrRo dk gh [ksy FkkA eSa vius dk;kZy; x;k vkSj pijklh dks dgk
fd dejs esa fdlh dks er HkstukA eSa Hkhrj ?kVus okys vuqHko esa [kks;k
jgkA yxHkx <s<+&nks ?k.Vs ;gh fLFkfr jghA eSaus dk;kZy; dk dksbZ dke
ugha fd;kA vkSj ?kj okfil vk x;kA eSaus ik;k fd ge vfLrRo ls vyx
ugha gSA ,d gh lÙkk loZ=k O;kIr gSA ogh dk;Z dj jgh gSA bl rjg 5
ekpZ 1997 dks ;g lEcksfèk dh ?kVuk ?kVhA vkSj ,d iw.kZrk dk cksèk 73
 vks'kksèkkjk dk mn~xe

74

;g vks'kksèkkjk ds izR;sd lkèkd&lkfèkdk ds fy, iQØ dk fo"k; gS]

fd vks'kks èkkjk dk mn~xe LFky gSµ vejdaVd dh ioZr J`a[kykvksa esa
vkleku dks Nwrk o tehu dh vkR;afrd xgjkb;ksa esa lekfgr og oVo`{k
tgka vkt ls yxHkx 500 o"kZ iwoZ lar dCkhj ,oa xq#ukud nso th dk
feyu gqvkA bu nks egku~ larksa ds pj.kksa dh lqxaèk vkt Hkh ogka l?kurk
ls vuqHko gksrh gSA ;g egt la;ksx gh ugha cfYd ,d vn~Hkqr jgL; gS
fd 1997 eas lacksfèk dks miyCèk gksus ds ckn ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th us
1998 esa vks'kks dh thoar èkkjk dk izkjEHk djrs gq, blh oVo`{k dh Nkao
rys] blh dhs Lusfgy xksn esa cSB 21 vks'kks izsfe;ksa dks igyh ckj vugn
nh{kk nhA ftlesa ln~xq# vks'kks 'kSysUnz th vkSj ek vks'kks fiz;k th Hkh FkhaA
bl izdkj ;gha ls lw=kikr gqvk gekjh ikou vks'kksèkkjk dkA ml le;
dkSu tkurk Fkk] fd ;g èkkjk bruh rsth ls cg fudysxhA yxHkx 5 o"kZ
ckn 23 flr-] 2003 dks mlh oVo`{k dh Lusge;h Nkao ds rys ,d ckj
iqu%vks'kks izsfe;ksa dk te?kV yxkA vusd vks'kksèkkjk ds lkèkd] lkfèkdk;sa
vius ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th ds izfr vius vgksHkko O;Dr djus ds
fy, Hkkjr ds dksus&dksus ls ;gka igqapsA ;g 'kqHk ?kM+h Fkh vks'kksèkkjk ds
tud dk tUe fnol eukus dhA vkLkeku ls cjlrs vk'kh"kkas ls ljkcksj]
vR;ar vgksHkko ls vius I;kjs ln~xq# ds pj.k deyksa esa èkU;okn vfiZr
djus dhA xhr] u`R;] mRlo euk;k x;kA lHkh fe=k vks'kks èkkjk ds bl
HkxhjFk ds izfr fdrus vuqxzg ls Hkjs Fks] ;g mudh vka[kks ls Nydrs
vkalw dg jgs FksA ije xq# vks'kks] ln~xq# f=kfoj] lar dchj] xq# ukud
nso th rFkk leLr larks ds izfr Hkh lHkh us vius vgksHkko izdV fd,A
vks'kks Jo.k] vks'kks jpuk] vks'kks iznhi o vks'kks vksadkj ds 'kCnksa esa ;g
volj muds fy, lokZfèkd vuwBk o vfoLej.kh; gSA

75
 vks'kksèkkjk fnol
vks'kksèkkjk gS] vkè;kfRed [kkst dh lok±xh.k vkSj loZxzká thoar
èkkjkA bl èkkjk ds fgeky; gSa_ ijexq# vks'kksA vkSj ç.ksrk gSa _ vkarfjd
laink ds f'k[kj ij fojkteku vks'kks fl¼kFkZ thA ftuds HkxhjFk ç;Ru
}kjk vks'kks dh cfx;k esa cq¼Ro ds clar dk vkxeu gqvk gSA vks'kksèkkjk ds
ln~xq# f=kfoj & vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th] vks'kks fç;k th ,oa vks'kks 'kSysUnz th ds
ekxZn'kZu esa vks'kks dh èkkjk esa vkt vusd lkèkdksa dk lacq¼ gksuk bldh
egkure miyfCèk gSA
vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th dk dFku gS %&
nl gtkj cq¼ksa dk liuk vks'kks us ns[kk FkkA vkxkeh nl lkyksa esa nl
gtkj yksx vius uke ds lkeus vks'kks yxk ldsa] eSa ;g liuk ns[k jgk
gwaA¸
76
vks'kksèkkjk esa mudk ;g liuk 'kuS%&'kuS% lkdkj gks jgk gSA vc rd
vks'kks dh cfx;k esa yxHkx 500 iQwy f[ky pqds gSaA
vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th ds lacksfèk fnol 5 ekpZ dks gh ge çfro"kZ
vks'kksèkkjk fnol ds :i esa J¼k o vgksHkkoiwoZd eukrs gSaA vks'kks dh
çokgeku J`a[kyk esa vks'kks dh èkkjk dh thoarrk ds çFke mn~?kks"kd]
bDdhloha lnh ds vks'kks èkkjk ds çFke lw=kèkkj vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th gSaA muds
fuEufyf[kr opu] Lej.kh; gSa %& ;kn j[kuk_ vkt rqe le>ks u
le>ks] ysfdu dy rqe le>ksxs fd fo'o dh egkure vkè;kfRed
èkkjk ds :i esa vks'kks dh èkkjk meM+us okyh gSA¸
bl lR; opu ,oa bl Hkfo"; dFku ds le{k ureLrd ge lHkh
vks'kksèkkkjk ls tqM+dj xkSjokfUor vuqHko djrs gSaA l
 ln~xq# dk eq> ij dje gS
(vks'kksèkkjk ds xk;d ,oa
laxhrdkj Jh tyhy eksgEen ls ,d HksaVokrkZ)

77

ç'u µ tyhy eksgEen thA vki ,d eqfLye ifjokj ls gSa] vki

vks'kksèkkjk ls dSls tqM+s\
tyhy eksgEen µ cpiu ls gh eSa lwiQh larksa dh njxkgksa esa tkrk FkkA
,d vPNs xk;d Fks vkseçdk'k [k.Mkjs th] 1994&95 eas muds
lkFk esjk ln~xq# ls feyu gqvkA ysfdu ml le; eSa tkurk ugha
Fkk fd vkè;kfRedrk D;k gS\tgka rd vks'kksèkkjk ls tqM+us dk
lacaèk gS] 'kq# esa dkS'ky pØ dk;ZØe gqvk djrs FksA ln~xq#
dksy bf.M;k esa tujy eSustj Fks vkSj fcykliqj esa gh dk;Zjr
FksA fcykliqj esa ln~xq# ls feyuk gqvkA èkhjs&èkhjs dkS'ky pØ
dh ekax c<+us yxhA ml le; rhu fnu dk dk;ZØe gksrk FkkA
dk;ZØe laxhr ds lkFk gh gksrk FkkA eSa ek vks'kks fç;k th ds
 lkFk xkuk xkrk FkkA muls [kwc lh[kus dks feykA ns[krs&ns[krs
dkS'ky pØ cgqr iQSyus yxkA gekjs ln~xq# 1997 esa czãKku dks
miyCèk gq,A rc rd dkS'ky pØ dkiQh dke;kc gks pqdk FkkA
dEiuh f'k[kj ij igqap pqdh FkhA fiQj ln~xq# th us dkS'ky pØ
dk dk;ZØe dEiuh ls ckgj Hkh 'kq# fd;kA ml le; ln~xq#
th us gesa cqyk;k vkSj fgUnqLrku esa txg&txg rhu&rhu fnu
dk dk;ZØe 'kq# fd;kA ge yksxksa us usiky esa Hkh [kwc dk;ZØe
fd;sA èkhjs&èkhjs ;g c<+us yxkA vc rd vks'kksèkkjk dk tUe gks
pqdk FkkA gekjs ln~xq# us gesa dSlsV] lh-Mh- esa xkus ds fy,
vkeaf=kr fd;kA [kwc vPNs&vPNs dSlsV fudysA tSls ¶vks'kks us
fgeky; ls iqdkjk¸] ¶xksfoUn Hktks¸] ¶egkxhrk¸] ¶vksÀkks
Àkj.ak xPNkfe¸ vkfnA fiQj eSa vks'kksèkkjk ds f'kfojksa esa tkus
yxkA eSa ln~xq# f=kfoj ds çse esa iM+ x;kA esjs Hkhrj ls ;g
78 vkokt vkbZ fd eSa fcYdqy Bhd txg ij vk x;k gw¡A
ç'u µ vki ,d çfl¼ laxhrK o xk;d gSaA vks'kksèkkjk esa xk, tkus okys
xhrksa dh èkqu cukus esa vkidk dkiQh ;ksxnku gSA bruh eèkqj èkquksa
dks vki dSls fufeZr djrs gS\
tyhy eksgEen µ cpiu ls gh eq>s laxhr dk ekgkSy feykA gekjs
vCck gtwj cgqr cM+s dOoky FksA laxhr eq>s fojklr esa gh
feykA fiQj eSaus bfUnjk dyk fo'ofo|ky; ls laxhr dh
fofèkor f'k{kk yhA ml le; gekjh dbZ&dbZ Hktuksa dh dSlsV
fudyk djrh FkhA tgka rd ç'u gS èkqusa cukus dk] rks os lc
[kqnk ds iQty ls gh vken gksrh gSaA gks ldrk gS fd eSa 10
feuV esa 10 èkqusa cuk yw¡] vkSj gks ldrk gS fd ,d ?k.Vs esa ,d
Hkh èkqu u cuk ldwaA rks fuf'pr :i ls tks èkqusa vkrh gS os [kqnk
dh rjiQ ls vken gksrh gSaA
tc eSa èkqu cukrk gw¡ rks dqN phtsa Hkhrj ls vkrh gSaA dqN iqjkus cgqr
lqjhys fiQYeh xhr gSa] tSls ryr egewn th dsA vkSj Hkh cgqr
dOokyksa dh dOokfy;ka gSaA mu èkquksa dks eSa vkSj vfèkd laokj
dj viuh èkqusa cukrk gw¡A vkSj dHkh&dHkh ,slk Hkh gksrk gS tc
eSa è;ku esa Mwck gksrk gw¡ rks [kwc lqUnj&lqUnj èkqusa Hkhrj ls vkrh
gSaA dqN ç;kl ugha djuk iM+rkA eq>s Hkh yxrk gS fd dSls cu
xbZA Hkhrj ls vkokt vkrh gS fd ;g cgqr vPNh èkqu gSA
vpkud ls dqN mrj tkrk gS vkSj cgqr vPNh èkqu cu tkrh gSaA
dHkh çkd`frd ut+kjksa ds chp esa gksrk gw¡] vkSj fcYdqy lUukVk
gksrk gS] vpkud ,d B.Mh gok dk >kasdk tSlk vkrk gS vkSj
ubZ phtsa iSnk gks tkrh gSA
ç'u µ fur u, xhr&xtyksa dks u;k Loj ,oa laxhr nsus esa lcls vfèkd
lg;ksx] ,oa ekxn'kZu vkidks dgka ls feyrk gS\
79
tyhy eksgEen µ lcls igys rks eSa tc èkqu cukus cSBrk gw¡ rks ln~xq#
dk è;ku djrk gw¡A fiQj phtsa vius vki cuus yxrh gSA ,d
ckj dh ?kVuk eq>s ;kn gS fd tc gekjs ln~xq# fcykliqj esa
dksy bf.M;k esa dk;Zjr Fks] rks eq>s xhr fn;k djrs FksA eSa mu
xhrksa dh èkquksa dks vius ?kj ls cuk dj ys tk;k djrk FkkA ,d
ckj mUgksaus eq>s ,d xhr fn;kA eSaus dgk fd eSa bls ?kj ls cuk
dj ys vkÅaxkA mUgksaus dgk fd ugha] vHkh blh oDr cukvksA
tSls mudk vkns'k ik;k eSa rks ogha cSB x;kA eu ls FkksM+k ?kcjk;k
fd irk ugha D;k cusxk] D;k ugha cusxkA ysfdu ns[krs gh ns[krs
cgqr lqUnj èkqu cuhA eSaus ln~xq# dk yk[k&yk[k 'kqfØ;k fd;kA
ml èkqu dk Hkh ftØ djuk pkgw¡xk fd og dkSu lh èkqu FkhA bl
èkqu dks ek vks'kks fç;k th us dgk Fkk fd ;g èkqu rqEgkjs fy,
ln~xq# th dk izlkn gSA og èkqu Fkhµ ÅtkZ cjl jgh gS] gfj dh
 ÅtkZ cjl jgh gSA¸ ,slh gh ,d ?kVuk vkSj ;kn vkrh gSA ,d
fnu ln~xq# dk cqykok vk;k vkSj eSa x;kA ,d xhr ds eq[kM+s dh
èkqu mUgksaus Lo;a cksyhA Mkyh is dks;fy;k cksyh dwgw dwgw dwA
fcjgh iihgk cksyk ih;w ih;w ih;wA¸ eq>dks blds vkxs fd èkqu
cukuh Fkh eSaus xq# dk ueu fd;k vkSj ?kj vk x;kA irk Hkh ugha
pyk fd dc lkjh èkqu cudj rS;kj gks x;hA ln~xq# dk eq>ij
dje gSA ek vks'kks fç;k th ls eSaus [kwc&[kwc lh[kk gSA 'kq# esa
çKk lw=k ds xkus gqvk djrs FksA lquus esa rks cM+s ljy yxrs FksA
ysfdu xkus esa cgqr&cgqr dfBu FksA dqN eghus rd eSaus ek ds
lkFk fj;kt fd;kA vkt tks Hkh eSa xk ikrk gw¡] mlesa ek dk cgqr
cM+k gkFk gSA ge u;h èkquksa dks ln~xq# ds lkeus cukdj ys tkrs
gSaA ln~xq# dks Hkh laxhr dk [kwc Kku gSA os Lo;a ctkrs Hkh gSaA
esjk cgqr cM+k lkSHkkX; gS fd tc eSa xkrk gw¡ rks Lo;a ln~xq# rky
80 Hkh nsrs gSaA rc mlesa bruk fu[kkj vk tkrk gS fd yxrk gS 'kCnksa
esa c;ku ugha gks ldrkA
ç'u µ vki us vks'kksèkkjk esa lekfèk dk;ZØe Hkh fd;s gSa] vkids vuqHko
dSls jgs\
tyhy eksgEen µ [kwc lqUnj vuqHko jgsA igys rks eSa tkurk gh ugha Fkk
fd ;g vkè;kfRedrk D;k gksrh gSA ijekRek rd dSls igqapuk
gS] dqN Hkh ugha ekywe FkkA vks'kksèkkjk lekfèk dk;ZØe djus ds
ckn eq>s yxk fd vc eSa fcYdqy Bhd txg ij vk x;k gw¡A vkSj
ln~xq# dk yk[k&yk[k dje gS fd mUgksaus eq>s vius pj.kksa esa
txg nhA eSa pkj ry ds lekfèk dk;ZØe dj pqdk gwa vkSj vkxs
ds Hkh dk;ZØe djuk pkgrk gw¡ vkSj t:j d#axkA
ç'u µ vkLFkk pSuy esa ln~xq# vusd larksa dh ok.kh ij çopu ns jgs gSaA
 D;k vki pkgsaxs fd os bLykeh èkkfeZd lkfgR;] lwiQh larksa ;k
dqjku 'kjhiQ dh vk;rksa ij Hkh cksysa\
tyhy eksgEen µ fuf'pr :i lsA D;ksafd gekjs ln~xq# lHkh lwiQh larksa
ls tqM+s jgs gSaA fo'ks"kdj lwiQh dyUnj fxjMhg okys] ftUgsa ge
lwiQh ckck dgrs gSa] muls Hkh tqM+s gq, gSA lHkh lwiQh larksa dk
mUgsa çse feyk gSA jgh ckr dqjku 'kjhiQ dh vk;rksa ij vkSj
lwiQh larksa ij cksyus dh] rks lwiQh larksa ij rks ln~xq# cksy gh jgs
gSaA vkf[kjh ckr tks vkius iwNh Fkh fd dqjku 'kjhiQ ij cksysa] rks
ln~xq# csgrj tkurs gSa fd mudks fdl fo"k; ij cksyuk gSA

81
82
 çHkq Mksjh gkFk rqEgkjs
µvks'kks fl¼kFkZ

83
ç'u % 'kk;n lcls I;kjh txg vkidks vks'kks xaxks=kh èkke yxrh gS]
bls vkius vks'kks feLVªh Ldwy dk eq[;ky; cuk;kA I;kjs vkpk;Z vks'kks
eS=ks; dks vkius ;gka dh ckxMksj lkSaihA Hkkjr ls bruh nwj usiky esa vkdj
vki rhuksa ln~xq# lcls T;knk çse vkSj le; bl txg dks nsrs gSa] jgL;
D;k gS\Ñi;k bl ij vius ve`r opu cjlkus dh d#.kk djsaA
ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th µ blesa dksbZ jgL; ugha gSA çHkq Mksjh gkFk
rqEgkjsA¸ ge [kqn ugha tkurs fd ;s lc D;k gks jgk gS vkSj dSls gks jgk
gS\;gka ls fuea=k.k feyk vks'kks 'kSysanz th dksA vks'kks 'kSysanz th us jk; yh]
gels dgk fd vki Hkh pyksA vc ekeyk cM+k eqf'dyA vks'kks 'kSysanz th
dks vdsys tkus ugha ns ldrs Fks] muls gekjk I;kj gS] rks fiQj geus dgk
fd pyks pyrs gSaA rks ;s dksbZ ;kstuk ds rgr ugha gqvk fd ge lc usiky
vk x,A ;kn j[kuk bl pht dksA dqN [khap ls fy, x,] vc rqe bl D;ksa
dks FkksM+k vkSj yack dj ldrs gksA D;ksa [khap fy, x,] 'kk;n bldk Hkh
 mÙkj gSA ;s çns'k t+jk tkuk igpkuk gS] dqN iqjkus lw=k tqM+s gq, gSaA
tkuh&igpkuh txg gS dqN iqjkuk fglkc&fdrkc gksxk] dqN pqdkuk
gksxk ekeyk] dqN 'kSysanz th dk Hkh jgk gksxk] dqN gekjk Hkh jgk gksxkA
dqN ysuh&nsuh jgh gksxh] ,slk le> yks vkSj bl txg ij ge vk x,A
fnekx ls dqN ugha lkspk] cqf¼ ls dqN ugha lkspk] eu ls dqN ugha lkspk]
vk x, clA vkSj tc vk x, rks lp dgks rks ;gka ls brus vn~Hkqr :i ls
lkjh phtksa us foLrkj fy;k fd ge rks ns[krs gh jg x,A
viuh djuh FkksM+h lh gS] mldh esgjckuh cM+h gSA
irk ugha dSls lc vius vki gks jgk gSA
;gka ij vkrs gh çFke dk;ZØe esa gh gekjs cksfèklRo eS=ks; th vk
x,A gekjk tks igyk dk;ZØe gqvk 21 yksx vk, vkSj ;s 21 dh la[;k
Hkh vn~Hkqr fudyh vkSj lp dgks rks blds igys vkSj t+jk ihNs pyks rks
ckr vkSj lkiQ gks tk,xhA 98 ds vçSy esa igyk lekfèk çKk dk;ZØe
84 vejdaVd esa gqvkA rqe pkSadksxs 21 yksx mlesa Hkh FksA vks'kks dh I;kjh
la[;k gS bDdhlA vkSj ogka ftl txg ij dk;ZØe gksuk r; Fkk] var
le; esa ogka ds eafnj ds egar us dg fn;k ;g vks'kks ls tqM+k dk;ZØe
ge ;gka ugha djus nsaxs rks esjs eu esa cM+h vfHkyk"kk Fkh fd vejdaVd esa
;g dk;ZØe gks] tgka dchj vkSj xq# ukud nso th dk laxe gqvk gSA
tc ;gka ls eafnj ds egar us dgk fd ;s dk;ZØe ugha djus nsaxs rks [;ky
vk;k pyks ml cjxn ds isM+ ds uhps pyrs gSa tgka xq# ukud nso vkSj
dchj lkgc dk feyu gqvk FkkA igys fgpfdpkgV Fkh fd ogka [kwc
lkjk taxy Fkk vkSj ml taxy esa] bruk ?kuk taxy] bruh >kfM+;ka Fkha fd
cSBdj dk;ZØe djus dk loky gh ugha Fkk] ysfdu tc dgha txg
miyCèk ugha gqbZ rks fiQj lkspk fd ogha pyrs gSaA taxy esa gh djuk gS rks
ml isM+ ds uhps dk;ZØe djrs gSaA vkSj ogka x, rks ns[kk fd igys gh ls
nks ljnkj ekStwn gSa] mUgksaus lc liQkbZ dj j[kh gSA xq# ukud dh rLohj
Hkh isM+ ds uhps j[k nh gS vkSj 21 cksfj;ka Hkh j[k nh gSa vkSj dgk fd
vkvks ckn'kkgks vkvks] rqEgkjk gh bartkj FkkA ge yksx rks pkSads fd ;g
ekeyk D;k gS\
igyh lekfèk nh{kk mlh o`{k ds uhps gqbZA vkSj ml igys lewg esa
rqEgkjs ;s nksuksa ln~xq# vks'kks 'kSysanz vkSj ek fç;k Hkh vk,A lc dqN bruk
vn~Hkqr Fkk vkSj tc lc dqN lekIr gqvk rks cqtqZx ljnkj ls geus iwNk
fd HkbZ dqN ckr le> esa ugha vkbZA dqN fnu igys ge ;gka vk, Fks rks
fcYdqy taxy FkkA mUgksaus dgk ¶ge ve`rlj ls vk, gSa thA ogka gesa
liuk vk;k] tkvks dchj pkSjk] gekjs dqN cans vkus okys gSa] 21 cans] FkksM+k
mudh tk ds O;oLFkk djksA¸ vc ns[kks ;g dkSu dj jgk Fkk vkSj lkjh
O;oLFkk ogka miyCèkA eSaus lkspk lkr fnu ds ckn] fd py djds ns[krs
gSaA mu nksuksa ljnkjksa ls FkksM+k vkSj feyrs gSaA lkr fnu ds ckn tkdj ns[kk
rks ogka dqN ugha FkkA og >ksiM+h tks mUgksaus yxkbZ Fkh] og Hkh VwVh gqbZ FkhA
ogka dqN Hkh ugha FkkA eSaus ogka yksxksa dks iwNk] ogha ikl gh dchj eB gS 85
ogka ij ,d lkèkw jgrk gS mlus crk;k os ljnkj th] rks vki yksx x,]
nks&,d jkst ds ckn os Hkh pys x,A mlds ckn gj lky vçSy esa gekjs
jktsanz ds yksx ogka tkrs gSa ysfdu ogka dksbZ ugha vkrkA dqN fe=k tk djds
,d rjg ls gj lky mRlo eukrs gSaA rks lc dqN ;wa le>ks] fd dqN
vfLrRo ds gkFk dg yks] fd ije xq#vksa ds gkFk dg yks] os gh laokj jgs
gSaA
mlds ckn tqykbZ esa ;gka fiQj la[;k 21] eS=ks; th igqap x,A eS=ks; th
dks vfLrRo us le>ks Hkst fn;k vkSj eS=ks; th us ;gka dh ckxMksj dSls
laHkkyh bl dh le>ks dqN vn`'; vkSj yach dgkuh] dqN yacs ladsr]
ysfdu laHkky fy;k cl ,slk le>ksA vkSj rc ls ns[k gh jgs gks fd ;g
vkJe ns[krs&ns[krs fdruk lqanj] viwoZ] fdruk thoar gksrk tk jgk gSA
vkSj ;gha ls fiQj Nykax yxh] tkiku dk fuea=k.k feykA ogka 'kSysanz th
rhu ckj x,] gesa Hkh tkus dk ekSdk feykA ogka dk;ZØe gq,A fiQj ;gha ls
 ekèkksiqj dk fuea=k.k feykA vc dgka usiky vkSj dgka ekèkksiqj&jkoh unh
dk rV] tgka dHkh xq# ukud nso us viuh uxjh djrkjiqj clkbZ FkhA cl
djrkj iqj ls 15&17 fdyksehVj igys ge yksx ogka igqaps vkSj dkSu lh
'kfDr [khapdj ys xbZ jkoh unh ds fdukjs] ;g rks FkksM+h Hkh çKk gks] FkksM+h
lh le> gks] FkksM+h Hkh çfrHkk gks rks rqe le> yksxs fd dkSu lh 'kfDr
ogka [khapdj ys xbZ vkSj brus lqanj <ax ls ekèkksiqj vkJe (vks'kks
vkuanèkke) mHkj dj vk;k gSA bruk lqanj jkoh unh dk rV] fgeky; ds
oks n`';] brus lqanj dk;ZØe ogka 'kq: gks x, gSaA vxj ge yksxksa dk
ç;Ru jgrk rks vki lksprs gSa fd ge bl rjg dk vkJe (vks'kksèkkjk
xaxks=kh èkke) cuk ldrs gSa fd ekèkksiqj tSlk vkJe cuk ldrs gSa] ;g
gekjs o'k dh ckr ugha gSA vkSj brus fe=k ,sls vk jgs gSa] dgka&dgka ls
fdrus&fdrus iqjkus fe=k ,sls cgs pys vk jgs gSa] fuf'pr :i ls mUgsa dksbZ
Hkst jgk gS vkSj vki Hkh ;gka vk, gks rks ;g er lksp ysuk fd vki vius
86 ls ;gka ij vk, gksA dksbZ Mksj gS] dksbZ 'kfDr gS tgka ls rqe tqM+s gks] og
'kfDr rqEgsa ;gka Hkst jgh gSA cl] ;wa le>ks fd phtsa gks jgh gSa] dksbZ dqN
dj ugha jgk gSA
dHkh&dHkh rqe gekjs çse esa iM+ tkrs gks rks eq>s ,d dgkuh ;kn
vkrh gSA ,d çseh Fkk] mlus viuh çsfedk dks fpV~Vh fy[kh vkSj fpV~Vh
fy[krk Fkk rks çsfedk bartkj djrh Fkh dc mldh fpV~Vh vk tk,A
Mkfd;s dk bartkj djrh FkhA èkhjs&èkhjs çseh dk i=k vkuk rks can gks x;kA
og cM+k nwj pyk x;kA bruh nwj fd ogka ls i=k fy[kuk t+jk eqf'dy Fkk]
ysfdu çsfedk }kjk Mkfd;s dk bartkj rks de u gqvk vkSj Mkfd;s dk
bartkj djrs&djrs çsfedk Mkfd;s ds çse esa iM+ xbZA gesa yxrk gS fd
rqEgkjk gky dqN ,slk gh gSA lp dgks rks ;g çse ikrh rks I;kjs vks'kks dh
gS] tc ge Mkfd;s dh rjg mudh çse ikrh rqe rd nsrs gSa rks rqEgsa
Mkfd;s ls çse gks tkrk gSA Mkfd;s dks èkU;okn dj nsrs gksA pyks] ge Hkh
rqEgkjk èkU;okn ys ysrs gSaA mèkj dk eky bèkj dj nsrs gSa bèkj dk eky
mèkj dj nsrs gSaA Hkkstiqjh esa ,d cM+h lqanj dgkor gS &
^vke dh ydM+h] tteku dk ?kh] LokgkA*
viuk D;k tkrk gS] vke dh ydM+h] tteku dk ?khA rks ydM+h I;kjs
vks'kks dh gS] ?kh vki lc dk gS] ge chp esa Lokgk dj jgs gSaA
fç; vkReu~] dqN Hkh gks ,d I;kj dk] ,d è;ku dk] ,d lekfèk dk
;g bruk lqanj ekgkSy cu ik;k gSA fuf'pr gh] ;g vks'kks dh Ñik ls gks
jgk gS] tks gekjs fy, xq# Hkh gSa] xksfoUn Hkh gSaA bu lkjh phtksa ds fy,
fdlh dks èkU;okn nsuk gks] fdlh dks ØsfMV nsuk gks] fdlh dks Js; nsuk
gks rks cl] vks'kks dks ns nsukA vks'kks dks fn, èkU;okn esa xq# vkSj xksfoUn
nksuksa dk èkU;okn lfEefyr gks tkrk gSA

87
88
 nks larksa dk eèkqj feyu

lwiQh ckck (lwiQh flxcrqYyk dyanj rcjsth) dk

tUe fcgkj ds paikju ftys esa 1930 bZ- esa gqvkA
89
1962 bZ- esa os ije Kku dks miyCèk gq,A çfl¼
lwiQh lar xkSl vyh 'kkg dyanj ds os mÙkjkfèkdkjh
gSa] vkSj fo'o Hkj ds lwfiQ;ksa ds os lokZfèkd lEekuh;
dyanj gSaA >kj[kaM jkT; ds fxjMhg esa fLFkr mudk
vkJe lR; ds fiiklqvksa ds fy, ,d rhFkZLFkyh gSA
vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th us 1980 bZ- esa vks'kks dk uolaU;kl
èkkj.k djus ds ckn vks'kks dh gh çjs.kk ls fofHkÂ
ijaijkvksa ds larksa ds lkFk lekxe fd;kA blh Øe esa os
fxjMhg ds lwiQh ckck ls feys] ftUgksaus u dsoy lwiQh
lkèkuk i¼fr ls mUgsa voxr djk;k] cfYd
rathe&,&lwfiQ;k (lwiQh la?k) dk vè;{k Hkh mUgsa cuk;kA
 tqykbZ] 2005 esa vks'kksèkkjk ds dqN fe=kksa ds lkFk
ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th lwiQh ckck th ls feyus fxjMhg
x,A çLrqr vkys[k esa mlh eèkqj feyu dk euksgkjh fooj.k
gSA

ijexq# vks'kks }kjk dgh xbZ ,d NksVh lh ckr fd gj O;fDr dYi

o`{k ds uhps cSBk gS vkSj mldh bPNk,a iwjh gksaxh gh] eu esa dgha xgjs iSB
cuk pqdh FkhaA nks o"kZ igys esjh igyh bPNk dh iw£r gqbZ] tc eSaus
fprou vkJe usiky esa ln~xq# f=kfoj ds n'kZu fd, vkSj mUgsa xq# :i esa
ik;kA xq# us xksfoan fn;k rks yxk fd foxr ds 45 o"kZ eSaus O;FkZ xok,aA
ogha fprou vkJe esa igyh ckj ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th ds vèkjksa
ij ,d I;kjk lk uke vk;k] fcgkj çkar esa fLFkr] fxjMhg ds ^lwiQh ckck*
dkA bl uke dk mPpkj.k djrs gq, esjs ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th dh çse
90
foàyrk us eq>esa ,slh mRlqdrk txk nh fd cjcl eu lwiQh ckck ds
n'kZu ds fy, cspSu jgus yxkA feyus dh ;g I;kl c<+rh jgh] ps"Vk dh]
fxjMhg x;k] ij lwiQh ckck ds njokts ls okil fujk'k ykSV vk;kA
eq>s D;k irk Fkk fd ftlus I;kl c<+kbZ ogh I;kl cq>k,xk HkhA blh
o"kZ 14 tqykbZ dks cpM+k] >kj[k.M esa eSa vkSj esjs vfHkUu fe=k Lokeh
vkuan e;wj vkSj Lokeh vkuan oSHko ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th ds pj.k
deyksa esa cSBs FksA ogha ln~xq# us iqu% lwiQh ckck dk ftØ fd;k vkSj mlh
fnu os jkaph ds fy, çLFkku dj x,A
ge rhuksa fe=kksa us fu.kZ; fy;k fd ge Hkh jkaph pysa vkSj ln~xq# ls
çkFkZuk djsa fd muds lkFk ge lc Hkh lwiQh ckck ds n'kZu dks lkFk pysaA
eu esa xq# pj.kksa esa iqu% cSBus dk yksHk Hkh yckyc Hkjk FkkA cpM+k ls
jkaph rd dk liQj vfoLej.kh; FkkA xq# ls feyus dh I;kl esa ge lHkh
çse vèkhj gks jgs FksA
 jkaph xq# ds }kj ij igqapdj èkM+drs fny ls dkWycsy nck;k] ifjp;
ik ge rhuksa dks cM+s vknjiwoZd Mªkb±x :e esa cSBk;k x;kA dqN {k.kksa
mijkar ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th eqLdqjkrs gq,] ièkkjsA pj.k Li'kZ dj tc
iqu% ge rhuksa cSBs rks ln~xq# us eUn gkL; ds lkFk dgk ¶;gka rd vk gh
x,¸] 'kk;n gekjh dkeukvksa dks ln~xq# us v{kj'k% i<+ fy;k FkkA eSaus
dgk fd ge rhuksa f=knaMh Lokeh rks vafre lkal rd vius ln~xq# ds
pj.kksa esa jguk pkgrs gSaA bl ij ln~xq# us galrs gq, dgk fd vkt ls vki
rhuksa f=knaMh Lokeh ugha cfYd f=knaMh ^lkgc* gq,A irk ugha ge rhuksa dk
vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th ls fdrus tUeksa dk fj'rk gSA mUgksaus cM+s çse ls gesa
yaxM+k vke f[kyk;k ftldk Lokn crk;k ugha tk ldrkA
ldqpkrs gq, ge rhuksa us çkFkZuk dh fd ge Hkh lwiQh ckck ds n'kZu
dks pyuk pkgrs gSaA ftrus ladksp ls çkFkZuk dh xbZ Fkh mruh lgtrk ls
xq# us vkKk ns nh vkSj ge rhuksa dks ekuksa d#.kk dk [kt+kuk fey x;kA
fnukad 17-7-05 dh 'kke ge rhuksa fxjMhg ds gksVy esa xq# vks'kks 91
fl¼kFkZ th dh çrh{kk esa Fks vkSj iqu% feyu gqvkA vkns'k ik ugk èkksdj
rS;kj gq, vkSj gekjk dkfiQyk gekjs iQksVksxzkiQj fe=k Jh latho ds lkFk
lwiQh ckck ds njckj tk igqapkA
vanj igqaprs gh yxk ge fdlh vifjfpr txg ugha cfYd fpj
ifjfpr vkJe esa vk x, gSaA ogka ds oklh Hkh ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ dks
vius chp ik çse esa Mqcs gq, yxsA brus esa eUn pky ls pyrs gq, ,d
fnO; iq#"k ftlds psgjs ij cky lqyHk gkL; Fkk çdV gq,A psgjs dk rst
ekuksa iwjs gkWy dks çdkf'kr dj jgk FkkA vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th vkSj lwiQh ckck
esa çdVr% dksbZ laokn ugha lquk] ysfdu yxk fd nksuksa flrkjksa ds chp
fdlh laokn ;k 'kCn dh dksbZ xqatkb'k gh ugha] fiQj Hkh lkjs laokn ekSu esa
gh iwjs gks pqds FksA çse dh vn~Hkqr èkkjk cg jgh Fkh] ftldks 'kCnksa esa
ckaèkuk dfBu gh ugha cfYd vlaHko gSA og dsoy vn~Hkqr ckr Fkh ftls
dsoy eglwl fd;k tk ldrk FkkA
 ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th us lHkh dk ifjp; lwiQh ckck ls djok;kA
lwiQh ckck us tokc esa ,d 'ksj i<+k fd µ
^gj 'kDy esa vkbZuk gS vkSj vkbZus esa rw gS*
bl ,d iafDr us lHkh èkeks± ,oa muds 'kkL=kksa dk fupksM+ j[k fn;k vkSj
igyh ckj yxk fd lkeus cSBk O;fDr rks lk{kkr~ bZ'oj gSA èkeks± ds ckjs esa
lwiQh ckck dh n`f"V ije lR; dks n'kkZ xbZ fd lHkh èkeZ dsoy vkbZuk gS
vkSj gj vkbZus esa dsoy ogh cSBk gSA mUgksaus dgk fd bfrgkl rks 'kkldksa
dh pkVqdkfjrk gS] lR; ughaA lR; rks lkèkd dk vuqHko gksrk gSA ln~xq#
vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th us gj ;qx esa larksa ds lrk, tkus dh ckr dghA bl ij
lwiQh ckck us galrs gq, dgk fd lar vxj lrk, u tk;sa rks muds
xq.kksa esa fu[kkj dgka ls vk,\tSls cPpksa dks le>krs gSa ml
Hkkafr lwiQh ckck us dgk fd iQwy vkSj fry fils fcuk xaèk
92 vkSj rsy ugha nsrs oSls gh lar vxj u lrk;s tk;sa rks fu[kkj
dgka\
ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th us vkradokn dh ?kVuk ij lwiQh ckck ls
iwNk rks galrs gq, mUgksaus dgk fd os Hkh rks ogh gSa] ;kfu ^ml vkbZus esa Hkh
rks rw gh gS* vkSj ,d NksVk 'ksj i<+k %&
bfCrnk, bZ'd esa jksrk gS D;k
vkxs&vkxs nsf[k, gksrk gS D;kA
mUgksaus iqu% dgk fd nqfu;k ds lkjs lar lrk, x, vkSj fgUnqLrku esa
iSnk gksus okyk gj ,d vkneh èkk£ed gSA
bl chp gekjs fe=k iQksVksxzkiQj latho us iQksVks ysuk 'kq: dj fn;k bl
ij lwiQh ckck us dgk rqe dSls vk x, vkSj fcuk btktr iQksVks dSls ysus
yxs\rqjar vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th us gekjk cpko fd;k vkSj dgk ;g vks'kksèkkjk
ds fy, vkSj esjh vkKk ls iQksVks ys jgs gSaA bl ij lwiQh ckck eqLdqjk, vkSj
rR{k.k eq>s yxk xq# vkSj f'k"; ,d gh gksrs gSaA lwiQh ckck us dgk fd
^ohjsUnz* (vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th dk uke) vkt rd rks iQksVks ugha f[kapok;k
Fkk] pyks Bhd gqvkA ge yksxksa dh rjiQ eq[kkfrc gksdj dgk fd rqe lc
ohjsUnz ds f'k"; gks vkSj lalkjh gks] vr% dHkh Hkh vius 'k;u d{k esa
vius xq# dh ;k fdlh Hkh lar dh rLohj er yxkukA rLohj Hkh tkx`r
gksrh gS vkSj bls lalkjh ds 'k;u d{k esa yxkus ij vfu"V gksrk gSA vxj
rLohj dks 'k;u d{k esa gh yxkus dh etcwjh gks rks lksus ls igys mls
lkiQ diM+s ls <d nksA
eSa lwiQh ckck ds ve`r vkns'kksa ,oa mins'kksa dks fy[kus esa tqV x;k bl
ij lwiQh ckck us galrs gq, dgk fd iqfyl okyksa dh ;g vknr lh gks
tkrh gS fd gj ckr fy[k ysukA bl chp vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th eUn&eUn
eqLdqjkrs jgsA lwiQh ckck ds vkns'k ij geus pk; ihA
ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th dh rjiQ b'kkjk dj lwiQh ckck us dgk fd
;g rqEgkjs xq# tkurs gks dkSu gaS\fiQj fLFkj gks cksys fd xq# ije czã gksrk
gS] czã ls Hkh ÅijA cqf¼ jko.k gS vkSj ân; jkeA ij nksuksa ds chp dk 93
iQklyk pkan dk gSA rqEgkjh ;k=kk jko.k ls jke rd dh ;k=kk gS ;kfu cqf¼
ls ân; dh rjiQ pyukA mUgksaus iqu% dgk fd vkRe T;ksfr ân; ls Åij
daB esa vk, rks uhydaB vkSj Åij lglzkj ij p<+s rks T;ksfr gksxhA bl
;k=kk ij rqEgkjk xq# rqEgsa ys tkrk gSA
mUgksus iqu% dgk fd jkr tc lksrs gks rks lkspks vius ckjs esaA tc iSnk
gq, Fks rc dksbZ uke ugha Fkk rqEgkjkA rhu nqfu;ka gSa] rqe] rqEgkjk uke] tks
rqe okLro esa gks vkSj tks th jgs gksA ge rks iM+ko ds eqlkfiQj gSaA mez rks
?kV jgh gS jkst+A vè;kRe [kqn dh tkudkjh ysuk gSA rqe [kkstks ;k ftlus
ik fy;k gS mlds ikl tkvksA mUgksaus dgk fd cktk ctkdj eÕ;r D;ksa
ys tkrs gSa\vkSj mÙkj Hkh mUgksaus gh fn;k fd ;g rks feyu dk mRlo gS ij
dsoy tkudkjksa ds fy,A
bl chp lwiQh ckck us lc dks vkns'k fn;k fd iwjh laxr [kkdj gh
tk,A [kkus esa lknh jksVh&lCth vkSj ?kjsyw vkpkjA eu Hkj ds ge us [kk;k
 vkSj iqu% losjs vkus dk dk;ZØe gqvkA lwiQh ckck dk vk'khokZn ys ge
lHkh gksVy vk,A
nwljh lqcg ge lHkh iqu% rafte&,&lwfiQ;k vkJe igqaps vkSj xsV ij
yxs lHkh èkeks± ds èkk£ed fpUgksa dks ns[kkA ,d çrhd fpUg] lwjt ds
Hkhrj ,d vksadkj us lc bZ'kkjk dj fn;kA lwiQh ckck vHkh mBs ugha FksA
vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th us lHkh dks unh fdukjs okys vkJe esa pyus dks dgkA
unh fdukjs igqaprs gh vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th iqjkuh Le`fr;ksa esa dqN {k.kksa ds
fy, [kks x, vkSj crk;k fd unh fdukjs lw[kh jsr esa gh os lks tk;k djrs
Fks vkSj dbZ ckj iqfyl okyksa us rax fd;kA FkksM+h gh nwjh ij vèkZ fufeZr
cM+k lk vkJe gS ftlesa rjg&rjg ds iQwy vkSj iQynkj isM+ yxs gSaA iwjh
laxr Nr ij tk igqaph vkSj ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ ds pj.kksa esa cSBdj
mudh ve`r ok.kh lquhA
ykSVdj iqu% lwiQh ckck ds n'kZu fd, vkSj muds çopu lqusA yxk
94 tSls ge lc NksVs cPps vkuan lkxj ds fdukjs lhfi;ka pqu jgs gksaA vkSj
brus vkuan esa eXu Fks fd yxk ge lHkh dk lwiQh ckck vkSj ln~xq# vks'kks
fl¼kFkZ th ds lkFk tUe tUekarj dk fj'rk gSA 'kk;n ;g Hkh dguk mfpr
u gks] yxk ekuks ge lHkh vyx gSa gh ughaA fonkbZ dh csyk esa eSaus cPpksa
lk epy dj lwiQh ckck ls iwNk fd iqu% vkus ij vkids n'kZu dh
btktr pkgwaxkA bl ij lwiQh ckck us gal dj dgk fd ohjsUnz ds f'k";ksa
dk lnk Lokxr gSA LokLF; ,oa vU; dkj.kksa ls lwiQh ckck lHkh ls ugha
feyk djrsA vkSj bl rjg ge ^f=knaMh lkgc* o vU; laU;klh fe=k nks
vuqie flrkjksa ds feyu ds xokg cus vkSj ln~xq# dh d`ik ls lwiQh ckck
ds n'kZu fd;sA
& Lokeh çse ojnku (,l- ,u- flag)
Mh-,l-ih- vkj- ih- ,iQ- Vªsfuax lsUVj]
eksdkek ?kkV_ (eks-) % 094314&49568
 fl¼koLFkk D;k gS\

95
fl¼ dk vFkZ D;k gksrk gS\fl¼ dk vFkZ gksrk gS% tks gksus dks Fks ogh
gks x;sA tks cht dh rjg yk;s Fks og f[ky x;k iQy dh rjgA
fl¼ dk vFkZ gksrk gS_ vc vkSj lkèkuk djus dks u jgh_ vc vkSj
dksbZ lkè; u jgk_ vc lHkh lkèkukvksa ds ikj gks x;sA fl¼ dk vFkZ gksrk
gS_ rqeus ik fy;k vius LoHkko dks] vius Lo:i dks_ igqap x, ml ije
eafnj esa ftldh ryk'k Fkh] tUeksa&tUeksa vuar dky rd ftls [kkstk Fkk]
ftlds fy, HkVds FksA
Lo;a dks [kksrs gh O;fDr fl¼ gks tkrk gSA bldk vFkZ gqvk fd lkjk
HkVdko vgadkj dk gSA rqe blfy, ugha HkVdrs fd dksbZ rqEgsa vkSj
HkVdk jgk gS_ rqe blfy, HkVdrs gks fd rqe gksA tc rd rqe gks]
HkVdksxsA rqe feVs fd igqapsA feVus ls gh igqap tkuk gSA gksus esa gh
HkVduk gSA
µvks'kks (HkfDr lw=k çopu&1)
96
 vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th µ esjs ekxZn'kZd
µvks'kks fç;k

lu~ 1990 esa vks'kks ds fonsg gksus ds mijkUr gedks yxk fd HkxoRrk
97
dk vuqHko djus ds fy, vc fdlh ekxZn'kZd dk lgkjk ugha gSA gekjh
vk'kk,a NwV jgha Fkha D;ksafd ge brus l{ke ugha Fks fd vius ls gh cq¼Ro
çkIr dj ldsaA gkykafd gekjk thou vkjke ls clj gks jgk Fkk] ijUrq
vkè;kfRed ;k=kk dk vUr lk gks x;k FkkA yxHkx blh nkSjku vknj.kh;
vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th gekjs ;gka ièkkjs vkSj gesa lekfèk çKk dk;ZØe djus
dk U;kSrk fn;kA esjs ifr vkSj eSa bDdhl yksxksa ds igys tRFks esa Fks]
ftUgksaus muds ekxZn'kZu esa dk;ZØe esa Hkkx fy;kA çksxzke esa Hkkx ysrs gq,
'kuS%&'kuS% muds çfr ,d xgjs çse dh vuqHkwfr gksus yxhA gesa èkhjs&èkhjs
fo'okl vkus yxk fd tks vks'kks] ukud] dchj] cq¼] egkohj o vU;
lUrksa dks vuqHko gqvk Fkk og ge Hkh vuqHko dj ik;saxsA
vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th dh mifLFkfr gekjs thou esa mRlo vkSj cgkj ys
vkbZA muds vk'khokZn vkSj fn'kkfunsZ'kksa ls gekjh ;k=kk cM+h ljl o lqxe
gks xbZA Lokeh th us fiQj bPNk O;Dr dh fd ge muds dke esa lg;ksx
djsaA og pkgrs Fks fd ge Hkh muds lkFk dk;ZØe lapkyu djsa vkSj
 mlds fy, mUgksaus gesa çf'kf{kr Hkh fd;kA ge yksx igyh ckj fprou]
usiky 1998 esa vk;sA dbZ ckj Lokeh th dks vius ifjokj ds ikl vkSj
vius dke ij ykSVuk gksrk FkkA mudh vuqifLFkfr esa eq>s vPNk ugha
yxrk FkkA muls ,d fnu dh nwjh Hkh dfBu yxrh FkhA og esjs thoar xq#
vkSj esjs thou dk dsUæ fcUnq gks x;sA muds okLrfod :i dh
vuqifLFkfr esa eSa u tkus dgka [kks tkrh Fkh vkSj vkl&ikl tSls lc dqN
vLr&O;Lr gks tkrk FkkA ,d volj ij tc Lokeh th fcykliqj (eè;
çns'k] orZeku NÙkhlx<+) x;s gq, Fks vkSj vks'kks 'kSysUæ th vkuan çKk
dk;ZØe djokus tkiku x;s gq, Fks] eSa fcYdqy vdsyh jg xbZ FkhA
varjeu ls Loçsj.kk mBh fd bl ,dkdhiu dk mi;ksx fd;k tk, vkSj
vius varl esa gh jek tk;sA Lokeh th us eq>s vksadkj&Kku vkSj lekfèk
dh dqath dk jkt fn;k FkkA esjs ikl ml le; djus ;ksX; vU; dksbZ dk;Z
ugha Fkk vkSj ckdh lc ftEesnkfj;ksa ls eqDr Fkh] vr% 8 ls 10 ?kaVs rd
lekfèk esa tkus yxh vkSj eq>s lekfèk ds xgu vuqHko gq,A bl le; rd
98
vius thoar xq# ds çfr esjk çse iw.kZ J¼k vkSj vkReLej.k esa ifjofrZr
gks pqdk FkkA eSa vius pkjksa vksj mudh d`ik] çse vkSj d#.kk dks Li"V
:i ls vglkl dj ik jgh FkhA eSa vkReLej.k vkSj lkFk gh xq# dh
thoar mifLFkfr ls bruh yck&yc Fkh fd le; vkSj LFkku dh nwjh dk
dksbZ egRo gh u FkkA
bl ckj tc Lokehth okfil vk;s rks eq>s ns[krs gq, dgk lqgkuh
laè;k vk xbZ gS] iQwy dh ia[kqfM+;ka iQwV jgha gSa vkSj fdlh Hkh le;
cq¼Ro dk iQwy f[ky mBsxkA¸ Lokehth us gj ,d ls vkJe esa dgk fd
tYn gh dqN eghuksa esa ge vorfjr cq¼ ds tUe dk mRlo euk;saxsaA tc
esjk leiZ.k iw.kZr;k vkRedsfUær gqvk rks eSaus viuh lkèkuk esa tSls ,d
yEch mM+ku HkjhA eSa Lokeh th ds çfr brus J¼k] çse vkSj leiZ.k esa
ljkcksj Fkh fd Lokeh th eq>s tks Hkh dgrs Fks og esjs fy, iw.kZ vkSj
vfUre lR; FkkA vxj HkxoRrk ds led{k dqN gS] rks esjs fy, og
Lokeh th gh gSaA
 mUgksaus gesa fnO; ukn
vkSj lekfèk ds jgL; le>k,
µvks'kks 'kSysUæ

99

5 ekpZ 1997 dks vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th cq¼Ro dks miyCèk gq,A muds
ekxZn'kZu esa vizSy 1998 dks vejdVad (NÙkhlx<+) esa çFke lekfèk
çKk dk;ZØe dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA
eSa viuh iRuh ek fç;k ds lkFk bl dk;ZØe esa lfEefyr gqvkA
mUgksaus gesa fnO; ukn vkSj lekfèk ds jgL; le>k,A
mlls igys ge dsoy è;ku gh djrs FksA gesa rc rd ;g Kkr ugh Fkk
fd è;ku dsoy vkjEHk gSA okLrfod oLrq rks lekfèk gS ftlds fcuk
lEcksfèk ?kfVr ugha gks ldrhA
mu fnuksa eSa vksfj,aV isij fey] veykbZ esa esMhdy vkfiQlj ds in
ij dk;Zjr FkkA lu~ 1999 esa eq>s vks'kksèkkjk xaxks=kh èkke usiky (,d
vks'kks dE;wu) ls fueU=k.k feyk fd eSa ogka vk tkšA eSaus vkSj ek vks'kks
fç;k us] vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th ls çkFkZuk dh fd os gekjs lkFk pysaA os mu
 fnuksa dksy bf.M;k fyfeVsM fcykliqj (NÙkhlx<+) esa egk çcUèkd ds
in ij dk;Z djrs FksA os gekjs fuea=k.k ij lg"kZ lger gks x,A
,d fnu vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th us dgk fd os dsoy rc rd ;gka
vkrs jgsaxs tc rd ge nksuksa esa ls dksbZ ,d Kku dks miyCèk ugha gks
tkrk] fdUrq ge nksuksa bl ckr ls lger ugha gq, vkSj tksj nsdj
dgk fd ;fn ;gh 'krZ j[kuh gS rks ge lkèkuk can dj nsaxs rkfd ge
Kku dks gh miyCèk u gksaA
eSaus mudks ;g Hkh dgk fd tc Mkdw vkSj vkradoknh ,d lkFk
feydj dke dj ldrs gSa] fiQj cq¼ iq#"k D;ksa ugha\vUrr% tc mUgksaus
bdV~Bs feydj dke djus dk vk'oklu ns fn;k] rHkh ge nksuksa us cq¼Ro
çkIr djus dh fn'kk esa dne mBkuk 'kq: fd;kA
ge rhuksa us ,d Vhe cukbZ vkSj ;gk¡ lekfèk dk;ZØe djus vkjEHk
dj fn;sA geus vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th ds ekxZn'kZu esa viuh lkèkuk Hkh pkyw
100 j[khA 25 tuojh 2000 dks ek fç;k cq¼Ro dks çkIr gqb±A 5 tuojh 2001
dks eq>s Hkh Kku miyCèk gks x;kA
vizSy 2002 dks vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th us viuh ljdkjh lsok ls R;kxi=k
ns fn;k vkSj vkè;kfRed ekxZn'kZu nsus esa os iwjs le; ds fy;s gekjs lkFk
tqV x,A bl rjg ls gekjh Vhe cuhA tks vkxs pydj ln~xq# f=kfoj ds
uke ls çfl¼ gqbZA
 vks'kksèkkjk lgtkuan èkke dh LFkkiuk

Hkkjr ds iwohZ jkT;ksa esa & fo'ks"k :i ls fcgkj] >kj[kaM] NÙkhlx<+ esa
vks'kksèkkjk dk vkè;kfRed ØkfUr vfHk;ku fojkV :i ysrk jgk gSA fiNys 101
rhu o"kks± esa gtkjksa yksx vks'kksèkkjk lekfèk dk;ZØeksa esa 'kkfey gq, gSaA
xq#HkfDr ls vksr&çksr vusd fe=kksa ds vFkd ç;klksa ls vks'kksèkkjk vc
xkao&xkao] 'kgj&'kgj cg fudyh gSA ge dqN fe=k fnlEcj] 04 dks
vius ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th ds tUeLFkku dk n'kZu ,oa ueu djus
muds xzke dekZ] ftyk jksgrkl] fcgkj igq¡psA fnO; ÅtkZ ls ifjiw.kZ muds
iSr`d fuokl ij tkdj ge lHkh jksekafpr gks mBsA xkao fuokfl;ksa ds lax
feydj ogka tedj dhrZu gqvk] mRlo pykA ;gka rHkh esjs eu esa Hkko
mBk fd ;g rks ,d rhFk±dj dh tUeHkwfe gSA ;gka rks ,d HkO; rhFkZ gksuk
pkfg,] tgka nwj&nwj ls yksx vkdj lekfèk lkèkuk dj ldsaA
vc ;gk¡ ls vkjEHk gksrh gS vfLrRo dh yhykA bl ;k=kk dh
ohfM;ksxzkiQh dks ns[kdj o`Unkou ihB] uok¡'kgj] iatkc ds lkèkdksa us Mk-
jktho vxzoky ,oa MkW- jpuk vxzoky ds usr`Ro esa ladYi fy;k fd
xq#nso dh tUeLFkyh xzke dekZ esa ,d HkO; èkke dk fuekZ.k djk;saxsA mu
 yksxksa ds vuqjksèk dks Lohdkj djrs gq, vks'kksèkkjk VªLV }kjk vks'kksèkkjk ds
pkSFks èkke ds :i esa ^vks'kksèkkjk lgtkuUn èkke* dekZ dh LFkkiuk dk
fu.kZ; ekg iQjojh 2005 esa fy;k x;kA KkrO; gks fd iwT; ln~xq# vks'kks
fl¼kFkZ th ds LoxhZ; firk th dk laU;kl uke Lokeh lgtkuUn FkkA os
ijexq# vks'kks ds f'k"; Fks rFkk vks'kks ds egkifjfuokZ.k ds rqjar ckn
mUgksaus 31 tuojh 1990 dks LosPNk ls 'kjhj R;kx fd;k FkkA vks'kksèkkjk
ds dsUæh; la;kstd vknj.kh; vks'kks eLrks th us vius vU; fe=kksa ds lkFk
7 vizSy 05 dks foØexat vkdj bl èkke ds Hkou fuekZ.k gsrq tehu
[kjhndj èkke ds fuekZ.k dk ekxZ ç'kLr fd;kA bl èkke dk Hkwfe iwtu
fnukad 11 tqykbZ 05 dks laiUu gqvkA vc ;g èkke fcgkj] >kj[kaM]
eè;çns'k] NÙkhlx<+] mM+hlk] if'pe caxky ,oa iwohZ mÙkj çns'k ds
lkèkd&lkfèkdkvksa ds fy, çeq[k lkèkuk dk dsUæ gSA fo'ks"kdj xzkeh.k
{ks=k ds Hkxon~ fiiklq lqèkhtuksa ds fy, ;g èkke ojnku fl¼ gqvk gSA
102 bl èkke dks vkdkj nsus esa vks'kks eLrks th dk ekxZn'kZu ,oa lg;ksx
gesa vkjEHk ls gh feyrk jgkA vks'kks çHkkdj th] ,oa vks'kks ç'kkar th dk
Hkh cgqewY; lg;ksx ,oa ekxZn'kZu gesa feyrk vk jgk gSA bl èkke ds
fuekZ.k esa lg;ksx nsus okys lHkh fe=kksa ds çfr] fo'ks"kdj vks'kksèkkjk
o`Unkou ihB] uok¡'kgj] iatkc ds leLr lkèkdx.k] ftuds lkStU; ls
bl èkke us ewÙkZ :i fy;k] Lokeh vkuUn oSHko (Jh vkj-ih- flag]
lgk;d ou laj{kd] te'ksniqj)] Lokeh vkdk'knhi (cpM+k) rFkk bl
iquhr vuq"Bku esa lg;ksx djus okys vU; lHkh fe=kksa ds çfr Hkh ge
d`rKrk Kkfir djrs gSaA gekjs fy, rks ;g fo'kky ifj;kstuk dYiuk ds
Hkh ijs Fkh] ijUrq iwT; ln~xq: f=kfoj ,oa vfLrRo dh vuqdEik ls ;g
lcdqN laHko gks ik;kA
µvks'kks gfjvkse] eq[; lapkyd
vks'kksèkkjk lgtkuUn èkke] xzkeµdekZ] ftyk&jksgrkl] fcgkj
iQksu % 0612&2251332 eks % 09334367233
 lgtkuan /ke dk yksdkiZ.k
µvks'kks fl¼kFkZ

103
vks'kks/kjk lgtkuan /ke ,d liuk gSA vks'kks/kjk lgtkuan /ke vkt
vfiZr djrk gw¡ lcls igys vius ije xq# vks'kks dksA viZ.k djrk gw¡ bl
/ke dks vks'kks/kjk dh leLr laxr dks] tks iwjs fo'o esa iQSyh gqbZ gS vkSj
vkt Hkkjr vkSj fo'o ds dbZ ns'kksa ls ;gk¡ igq¡ph gqbZ gSA mu lcdks vkt
lgtkuan /ke vfiZr djrk gw¡A xaxk vkSj lksu ds chp dh ;g ekVh larksa
dh Hkwfe jgh gSA egf"kZ fo'okfe=k ;gha cDlj esa gq,A jke y{e.k muds
lkFk jgsA rks eSa vfiZr djrk gw¡ bl /ke dks egf"kZ fo'okfe=k dks] Hkxoku
jke dks vkSj Hkxoku jke ds vuU; HkDr xksLokeh rqylhnkl dksA fcgkj
rhFk±djksa vkSj cq¼ksa dh Hkwfe jgh gSA Hkxoku egkohj oS'kkyh vkSj jktxhj
esa fopj.k djrs jgs vkSj Hkxoku cq¼ fcgkj dh /jrh ij vy[k txkrs
jgsA xq# xksfoUn flag th] tks xq# flD[kh ijEijk ds nlosa ikr'kkg gSa]
mudk tUe Hkh fcgkj esa gh gqvkA rks eSa vfiZr djrk gw¡ Hkxoku egkohj]
Hkxoku cq¼ vkSj xq# xksfcUn flag th dks lgtkuan /keA
 HkkSxksfyd :ils u lgh] jktuSfrd :ils u lgh] iz'kklfud
:ils u lgh] ysfdu egkRek dchj blh Hkkstiqjh vapy ls vkrs gaS] tks
vkt Hkh larksa esa fljekSj gSaA vkSj muds ikl gh xkthiqj ftys esa HkqjdqM+k
xkao gS] tgk¡ cqYyklkgc gq,] xqykylkgc gq,] Hkh[kk lkgc gq,] iyVw
lkgc gq,] xksfoUn lkgc gq,] txthou lkgc gq,A bu reke larksa dks
vfiZr djrk gw¡ vks'kks/kjk lgtkuan /keA ;gk¡ dekZ ls dsoy iUæg
fdyksehVj nwj] 'kk;n ;gk¡ ds yksxksa dks irk Hkh u gks] xkSre cq¼ ds ckn
fcgkj ds egkure~ lar nfj;k nkl /jdaMk esa gq, vkSj dy gekjh laxr
ogk¡ tk Hkh jgh gS mudks viuh J`¼ktyh vfiZr djus ds fy,A ;gk¡ ls
vkjk dh rjiQ tkvksxs rks ogk¡ ,d cM+s vn~Hkqr lar iSnk gq, vkS?kM+ Hkxoku
jke] ftudk lkfUuè; eq>s feykA rks eSa vfiZr djrk gw¡ bl /ke dks lar
nfj;k nkl] vkS?kM+ Hkxoku jke vkSj lkFk gh lwfiQ;ksa ds fljekSj fxfjMhg
ds lwiQh ckck dks] tks vkt Hkh 'kjhj esa gSaA vks'kks/kjk lgtkuan /ke eSa bu
102 lHkh dks vfiZr djrk gw¡A dqN vkSj Hkh lar gq, gSaA xaxk dh ?kkVh esa f=knaMh
Lokeh pyrs jgs gSa vkSj eSa cpiu esa mudh dgkfu;k¡ lqurk jgk vkSj muls
izsj.kk xzg.k djrk jgkA ;gk¡ ls lgljke ds ikl xhrk?kkV ds ckck gq,]
ftuls esjk dqaHk esa yack lRlax jgkA cgqr gh izsey Fks] 'kk;n os vc 'kjhj
esa ugha gSaA lgljke ds ikl gh ,d vkSj lar gSaA uke gS mudk ik;yV
ckck] ftuds lkFk fgeky; esa eSaus dbZ ckj ;k=kk,¡ dhA eSa bu reke larksa
dks vks'kks/kjk lgtkuan /ke vfiZr djrk gw¡A cpiu esa ,d lar vkrs Fks
gekjs xk¡oA mudk uke Fkk tkudh ckckA tc ls esjk tUe gqvk rc ls] tc
rd eSa bl xk¡o esa jgk] os lnk vkrs jgsA lkjk xk¡o iwNrk Fkk] vki D;ksa
vkrs gks\ os dgha ugha tkrs FksA Loikdh FksA ?kj ij Bgjrs FksA viuk Hkkstu
Lo;a gh cukrs Fks vkSj tc eSa usrjgkV Ldwy pyk x;k] rks esjk oL=k
igudj] dqrkZ vkSj itkek esjk ysdj ;gk¡ ls iSny foUè;kpy tkrs Fks vkSj
ogk¡ nsoh ls izkFkZuk djrs Fks esjs fy,] nsoh ls izkFkZuk djrs Fks esjs fodkl ds
fy,A tkudh ckck cM+s gh vn~Hkqr lar FksA tc Hkh eq> ij dHkh eqf'dy
iM+h cpiu esa] dHkh ,dkar esa dgha ladV esa iQalk] rks brus fnO; lar Fks]
fd os l'kjhj ogk¡ izdV gks tkrs Fks vkSj esjh lgk;rk djus ds ckn
varZè;ku gks tkrs FksA vkt os 'kjhj esa ugha gSaA os dksbZ Hkh pht e¡xk nsrs FksA
eSa dgrk Fkk eq>s dktw [kkus dk eu gS] rqjr dgrs Fks yks [kkvksA ysfdu
tc eSa dgrk Fkk ;s eq>s dc fl[kkvksxs\ os dgrs Fks] rqEgkjk tUe ,sls
NksVs dk;ks± ds fy, ugha gSA cgqr egku dk;Z ds fy, gSA bu rqPN fo|kvksa
esa eSa ugha pkgrk fd rqe my>ksA vkt os 'kjhj esa ugha gSaA ysfdu vkt
mudh Hkfo";ok.kh dks eSa lkdkj gksrs gq, ns[krk gw¡] rks ureLrd gks tkrk
gw¡A vkSj lkFk gh gekjs xk¡o ds lar cky;ksxh ckck FksA lk/q ckck ds uke ls
gekjs xk¡o ds yksx mUgsa tkurs FksA esjk cpiu muds dneksa esa cgqr chrk
vkSj esjh izsj.kk ds os lzksr jgsA lkFk gh ;gk¡ ls FkksM+h nwj nqxkZMhg esa ,d
è;ku ;ksxh ckck jgrs Fks] ftuds f'k"; xqtjkr esa gSaA ftUgksaus nqxkZMhg esa
gkfLiVy Hkh cuk;kA eSa vks'kks/kjk lgtkuan /ke tkudh ckck] cky ;ksxh
ckck vkSj è;ku ;ksxh ckck dks Hkh vfiZr djrk gw¡A 101
^tuuh tUeHkwfe'p LoxkZnfi xjh;lhA*
tuuh vkSj tUe Hkwfe rks LoxZ ls Hkh c<+dj gksrh gSA esjh eka
ns'kjkuh nsoh Fkha vkSj esjs firk i`Foh ukFk flag Fks] tks vks'kks ds f'k"; gksus
ds i'pkr~ Lokeh lgtkuan ds uke ls izfl¼ gq,A fuf'pr :ils esjh
ftUnxh dh tks lfjrk cgh gS] og mUgha nksuks ls cgh gS vkSj lkFk gh muds
ftrus Hkh fe=k Fks] gekjs ifjokj dks cgqr I;kj djrs Fks] ftUgksaus cpiu esa
eq>s Hkjiwj I;kj fn;k] mu lcdks eSa lgtkuan /ke vfiZr djrk gw¡A vius
xk¡o ds dqN ,sls yksx gq,] ftudh Nki vkt Hkh esjs eu esa gS] tks lnk
jghA ftUgksaus lkoZtfud :ils dqN fd;kA ,sls yksxksa esa tc eSa ;kn djrk
gw¡ rks ,d uke ;kn vkrk gS Hkjrjke dk] ftUgksaus eq>ls dgk fd eSaus ,d
liuk ns[kk gS fd [kwc o`{k yxkÅ¡ bl xk¡o esa] ysfdu esjs ikl dksbZ tehu
ugha gSA eSaus dgk fd tehu dh dkSu&lh deh gSA ;s vkgj rks iwjk iM+k gS]
ftrus isM+ yxkus gksa mrus yxkvks vkSj mUgksaus isM+ yxkus dk flyflyk
 'kq# fd;kA dbZ isM+ yxk,A vkSj vkJe esa Bhd lkeus tks rqe isM+ ns[krs
gks] ;s Hkjrjke dk gh yxk;k gqvk isM+ gSA vkt Hkjrjke ugha gSaA ysfdu ;s
vkJe eSa Hkjrjke dks vfiZr djrk gw¡A dqN ,sls Hkh yksx gSa ftUgksus bl
xk¡o ds fodkl ds fy, cgqr dqN fd;k gSA ,sls nks uke eq>s ;kn vkrs gSaA
,d uke gS LoxhZ; jktcyeflag th dk] tks eq>s cgqr I;kj djrs Fks vkSj
lar dh izFke dqfV;k lk/q cky;ksxh ds fy, mUgksaus cuk;h FkhA u dsoy
tehu nh Fkh] cfYd ml dqfV;k dk fuekZ.k fd;k FkkA eSa le>rk gw¡ fd
vks'kks/kjk lgtkuan /ke dh uhao mlh fnu iM+ xbZ Fkh] ftl fnu ml lar
dh dqfV;k cuh FkhA s eSa lgtkuan /ke jktcyeflag th dks vfiZr djrk
gw¡A lkeus tks rqe Ldwy ns[krs gksA ;s Ldwy cuk;k gS gekjs blh xkao ds
iwohZ Hkkx ds O;fDr usA mudk uke gS lkSnkxj flagA os vkt 'kjhj esa ugha
gSa] ysfdu lkoZtfud mn~ns'; ds fy, mUgksaus dqN fd;kA vkSj eSa ml gj
O;fDr dks ewY; nsrk gw¡] tks lkoZtfud mn~ns'; ds fy, dqN djrk gS] rks
102 eSa ;s lgtkuan /ke vfiZr djrk gw¡ lkSnkxj flag th dksA
eqa'kh izsepan dk ,d miU;kl eSaus i<+k Fkk] mldk uke Fkk
izsekJeA mlesa ,d vkJe dh dYiuk FkhA
^dksbZ rks xk¡o cls]I;kj dh Nk¡o rysA*
I;kj dh Nk¡o rys ,d xk¡o cls] tgk¡ izse gh izse gks] HkkbZpkjk gks]
lkSgknzZ gks vkSj ml izsekJe miU;kl dks i<+dj esjs fny esa ,d liuk iSnk
gqvk Fkk fd eSa Hkh dHkh bl xk¡o esa ,d vkJe cukÅ¡xkA vkt ;s
lgtkuan /ke eSa vfiZr djrk gw¡ eqa'kh izsepUn ds ml izsekJe dksA bl
xk¡o esa ,d cM+s gh lEHkzkar O;fDr gq,A mudk uke gS gfjuanu flagA vkt
os 'kjhj esa ugha gaSA igyoku Hkh FksA xk¡o dk yxksVk Hkh muds ikl Fkk vkSj
jkek;.k ds iz[kj fo}ku FksA eq>ls mudh ppkZ gksrh jgrh FkhA tc eSa
vks'kks dk lU;klh gksdj 1980 esa vk;k rks mUgksaus dgk fd rqe le>rs gks
fd vks'kks dh vkxs Hkh ;kn dh tk,xh\D;k mudh /kjk vkxs Hkh cgrh
jgsxh\rqEgsa ,slk ugha yxrk fd tSls cjlkrh ufn;k¡ lw[k tkrh gSa] ,sls gh
vks'kks ,d cjlkrh unh dh rjg lw[k tk,axs\eSaus muls dgk&^ckck vki
jkek;.k ds fo}ku gksA xksLokeh rqylhnkl ds vki ekfgj gksA eSa rks ,d
liuk ns[k jgk gw¡ fd vius xk¡o esa ,d vkJe cukÅ¡xk vkSj og vkJe
vks'kks dk vkJe gksxk vkSj ml vks'kks vkJe esa tks igyk lRlax izopu
eSa nw¡xk] og xksLokeh rqylhnkl ij gh cksyqwaxkA* vkt og liuk iwjk gks
jgk gSA eSa vfiZr djrk gw¡ fd bl vks'kks/kjk dks gfjuanu flag th dksA bl
vkJe ds fuekZ.k esa cgqr lkjs dfeZ;ksa us viuk Je fn;k] viuh esgur
nh vkSj bl Øe esa ,d dehZ 'kghn Hkh gks x;kA eSa ;s vkJe vfiZr djrk
gw¡ ml 'kghn dehZ dks vkSj ftu yksxksa us Hkh vkJe ds fuekZ.k esa dksbZ Hkh
Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gS] mu lcdks vks'kks/kjk lgtkuan /ke vfiZr djrk gw¡A
bl vkJe ds fuekZ.k esa iatkc ds yksxksa u]s fo'ks"kdj vks'kks/kjk o`Unkou
ihB uoka'kgj] ds yksxksa us vkfFkZd vuqnku fn;k] HkkokRed vuqnku fn;k
ftlls vkt ;s vkJe [kM+k gqvk gSA ;w¡ rks Hkkjr ds dksus dksus ls] fons'kksa
ls Hkh yksxksa us enn dh gSA ysfdu eq[; vuqnku vks'kks/kjk o`Unkou ihB 101
uok¡ 'kgj dk gSA vkt ogk¡ ds fe=k ;gk¡ vk, gSaA og liuk] ftldks
feytqy dj geus ns[kk FkkA og liuk bl :iesa vkt fufeZr gqvk gSA rks
;s vkJe vfiZr djrk gw¡ eSa vks'kks/kjk o`Unkou ihB dksA vkSj vUr esa
dsoy ;g ,d vkJe ugha gS] ,d ubZ laLÑfr dk fogku gSA dsoy ;s
vkJe ugha gS] iwjs fcgkj dks Hkhrj vkSj ckgj ls le`¼ djus dk ,d
ladYi gSA ;s vkJe] bl iwjs vapy dks vkSj fcgkj dks vkSj fcgkj ds
vkl&ikl ds jkT;ksa dks eSa vfiZr djrk gw¡ vkSj bl ladYi esa 'kkfey gksus
dk eSa vkg~oku djrk gw¡A eSa vfiZr djrk gw¡ vks'kks/kjk lgtkuan /ke dekZ
xk¡o dks] ;gk¡ ds xzkekapy dks vkSj iwjs fcgkj dksA
102
 vks'kks ls tqM+uk lcls cM+h miyfCèk
µvks'kks fl¼kFkZ

ç'u % os yksx tks vks'kks ls çse djrs gSa ;k vks'kks ls uo laU;kl

ds ekè;e ls tqM+s gq, gSa ysfdu vki rd ugha igqaps muls vki D;k
dguk pkgsaxs\
ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th µ fuf'pr :i ls tks vks'kks ls tqM+s gSa
mUgsa eSa cgqr HkkX;'kkyh ekurk gwaA eSaus vius thou esa] f'k{kk ds {ks=k esa]
ukSdjh ds {ks=k esa] lkalkfjd n`f"V ls [kwc lkjh miyfCèk;ka çkIr dha vkSj
,d fnu esjh iq=kh us eq>ls iwNk fd vki viuh lcls cM+h miyfCèk D;k
ekurs gSa] egkçcaèkd gksuk fd cM+s vPNs Ldwy esa i<+uk] fd f'k{kk ds {ks=k
esa cM+s vPNs fjTk+YV ikuk] rks eSaus mlls dgkµ eSa vius thou dh lcls
cM+h miyfCèk ekurk gwa fd eSa vks'kks ls tqM+kA lp dgks rks vks'kks ds
;qx esa tks iSnk gq,] vks'kks ds ;qx esa tks jgs vksj vks'kks ls ugha tqM+s] 5
os cM+s nqHkkZX;'kkyh yksx gSaA rks igyk rks eSa cgqr cM+k lkSHkkX; ekurk gwa
fd vks'kks ls tqM+kA tSls fd dksbZ Hkkjr esa jgs vkSj xaxk dks u ns[ks] mls eSa
nqHkkZX;'kkyh ekurk gwaA ysfdu ftUgksaus xaxk dk n'kZu fd;k] xaxk rV ij
x,] ysfdu mlesa Mqcdh yxk, fcuk okil vk x,] mUgsa D;k dgksxs\mUgsa
eSa egknqHkkZX;'kkyh ekurk gwaA blh rjg vks'kks ds ;qx esa tks vks'kks ls ugha
tqM+s] mUgsa eSa nqHkkZX;'kkyh ekurk gwaA exj tks vks'kks ds ikl x,] vks'kks ls
tqM+s] mUgsa lkspuk gksxk fd os fdl vHkhIlk ls vks'kks ls tqM+s Fks] fdl
mís'; ls vks'kks ls tqM+s Fks\vxj og mís'; rqEgkjk iwjk ugha gqvk] vxj
og ladYi rqEgkjk iwjk ugha gqvk] rks le>ks vks'kks ls tks rqeus oknk fd;k]
ftl okns ds lkFk rqe vks'kks ls tqM+s] ml okns dks rqeus fuHkk;k ugha] ml
okns dks vxj fuHkkuk pkgrs gks rks fiQj ,d volj vk;k gS] bl thoar
èkkjk esa rqe Hkh vk tkvks vkSj fiQj vkvks] lkFk&lkFk cgrs gSa] fiQj ls
I;kjs vks'kks dk tks liuk gS mldks lkdkj djus esa yx tkrs gSaA
 lkjs larksa dk eq[; vkèkkj vksadkj gS
µvks'kks fl¼kFkZ

m vks'kksèkkjk fo'o dh Js"Bre vkè;kfRed èkkjk gSA

4
ç'u & vkius bruh è;ku fofèk;k¡ vkSj lekfèk dk;ZØe rS;kj fd;s gSa]
mu lcdk eq[; vkèkkj D;k gS\
ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th & lkjs larkas dk eq[; vkèkkj vksadkj gSA
blh dks larksa us uke Hkh dgk gSA uke ds dbZ vk;ke gSaA ^vks'kks & ,d
iQDdM+ elhgk* iqLrd ds vfUre vè;k; esa vks'kks us ladsr fn;k gS fd
og feLVªh xzqi esa vusd vk;keksa ls lkèkuk djkuk pkgrs FksA vkSj
vk'p;Ztud :i ls ;s ogh vk;ke gSa] tks ge vks'kksèkkjk esa lekfèk
dk;ZØeksa ds }kjk djok jgs gSaA tSls fnO; ukn] fnO; uwj] fnO; lqxUèk]
fnO; Lokn] fnO; ÅtkZ] fnO; Li'kZ] fnO; vkuUn vkfn dqy 21 vk;ke
gSaA vks'kks us vius çopuksa esa bu lkjs vk;keksa dk ftØ fd;k gS] tks lkjh
vkè;kfRed ijEijkvksa ls fy, x, gSaA muds funsZ'kkuqlkj gh lekfèk
dk;ZØeksa dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k gSA bu lcdk vkèkkj eq[; :i ls
vksadkj gh gSA gekjs lkèkd bu lkjs vk;keksa ls le`¼ gSaA
 vks'kksèkkjk us vè;kRe dks
oSKkfud <ax ls çLrqr fd;k gS
µvks'kks fl¼kFkZ

ç'u & Hkkjro"kZ ds vkè;kfRed txr esa vks'kksèkkjk dh fLFkfr D;k gS\
ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th & Hkkjr ,d vkè;kfRed ns'k gSA ;gka
lukru dky ls lar jgs gSA vkt Hkh vusd thfor vkè;kfRed ijEijk,a
5
gSaA fdUrq vks'kksèkkjk ,slh gS tks vè;kRe dks oSKkfud <+ax ls çLrqr dj
ikbZA Js"Bre ijEijk,a os gS tks vksadkj dks vkSj lar er dks ysdj pyrh
gSaA Hkkjr esa ,slh cgqr de ijEijk,a gSaA T;knkrj ijEijk,a 'kkL=kh; gks
pqdh gSa vkSj deZdk.M esa iQal pqdh gSaA os pkgs dchj dh ijEijk gks]
ykvksRls dh gks] ;k cq¼ dh ijEijk gksA vks'kks us igyh ckj vksadkj dk
jgL; x| esa [kksykA è;ku] lekfèk vkSj uke ij vks'kks us [kwc tksj fn;kA
è;ku dks rks yksxksa us idM+k] fdUrq vksadkj ls yxHkx lkjk vks'kks txr
oafpr jg x;kA vks'kksèkkjk esa igyh ckj ge vks'kks dks lok±xh.k :i ls ys
jgs gSaA mudh vksadkj vkSj lekfèk dh [kkst dks ge iwjk&iwjk ys jgs gSaA
blfy, eSa dg ldrk gw¡ fd Hkkjro"kZ esa igyh ckj geus bu lekfèk
dk;ZØeksa dks pyk dj ,d vuwBk dk;Z fd;k gSA blls lkèkdksa dks tks
pkfg, og feyrk gSA vkSj mudh vkè;kfRed I;kl feVrh gSA blfy,
vks'kksèkkjk vkt bl i`Foh ij Js"Bre vkè;kfRed èkkjk gSA
 vks'kks dk liuk gh esjk liuk
µvks'kks fl¼kFkZ

ç'u & vks'kksèkkjk ds ekè;e ls vkidk liuk D;k gS\

ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th & fdlh Hkh f'k"; dk lokZfèkd vkuUn gS
vius xq# ds lius dks iwjk djukA vks'kks us dHkh nl gtkj lEcq¼ksa dk
liuk ns[kk Fkk] ftudh Hkko rjaxksa ls 'kkafr vkSj vkuUn iQSysA vks'kks ,d
4 u;s euq"; dks iSnk djuk pkgrs Fks tks ckgj&Hkhrj nksuksa ls le`¼ gksA
blfy, mUgksaus ^tksjck fn cq¼k* dh ckr dhA os pkgrs Fks èkeZ ls ik[k.M
fonk gksA ,d u;k èkeZ lkeus vk;s tks Hk; vkSj yksHk ij vkèkkfjr u gksA
esjk vkuUn blh esa gS fd eSa vius xq# ds lius dks iwjk d:aA vks'kks ds
}kjk 'kq: fd;s x;s èkeZ&pØ dks vkxs c<+kus dk dk;Z ge dj jgs gSaA ;g
nkf;Ro vfLrRo dh vksj ls vks'kksèkkjk dks gh feyk gSA vc ;g ge ij
fuHkZj djrk gS fd ge dkSu lh Å¡pkbZ;k¡ Nwrs gSa vkSj vks'kks dks fdl
Å¡pkbZ rd ys tkrs gSa\blfy, geus vks'kksèkkjk esa lekfèk;ksa ds ekè;e ls
,d u;k Lrj fufeZr fd;k gS vkSj pkgrs gSa fd vks'kks ftl in ds
vfèkdkjh gSa og Å¡pkbZ mudks feys ;k og in mudks feysA blh fn'kk esa
ge dk;Z dj jgs gSaA ;gh gekjk liuk gSA okLro esa ;g vks'kks dk gh
liuk ugha] cfYd lkjs larksa dk liuk gS fd yksx dSls tkxsa\tks vkuUn
larksa us tkuk gS mldks ckdh yksx Hkh dSls tkusa\;gh gekjk iQtZ gSA vkSj
iQtZ gh ugha cfYd blh esa gekjk vkuUn Hkh gSA
 banzèkuq"kh; thou
oSèkkfud uke % Mk- ohjsUæ dqekj flag
tUe frfFk % 23 flrEcj 1942
tUe LFky % xkao dekZ] ftyk jksgrkl (fcgkj)
firk ,oa ekrk dk uke
firk % Lokeh lgtkuan Hkkjrh
ekrk % ns'kjkuh nsoh
f'k{kk
gk;j lsdsUMªh % lu~ 1961 usrjgkV fo|ky;
ch-,l-lh- % lu~ 1965
,e-,l-lh lu~ 1966 Hkkjrh; [kfu
fo|kihB (èkuckn)
ih-,p-Mh- % lu~ 1975
5
'kksèk i=k % 35
x`gLFk thou
fookg frfFk % 6-7-1964
iRuh dk uke % Jherh js.kw flag
fuokl LFkku % 205] {khjlkxj] dkads jksM+] jk¡ph
larfr ifjp; % rhu iqf=k;ka o ,d iq=kA
lHkh fookfgrA
rhu vesfjdk esa dk;ZjrA
O;olkf;d thou
çkè;kiu dky % lu~ 1967&1975
% dkyst Hkkjrh; [kfu
fo|kihB (èkuckn)
dksy bf.M;k esa vkfiQlj gq,% lu~ 1975
 dkS'ky pØ dh LFkkiuk % lu~ 1992
lsok fuo`r gq, % lu~ 2002
fuo`fÙk ds le; in % egkçcaèkd
vkè;kfRed thou
vks'kks uolaU;kl xzg.k frfFk % 13 ebZ 1980
ftu larksa dk lkfUuè; çkIr gqvk
1- czãyhu tkudh ckck
2- ijegal Lokeh lR;kuan ljLorh
3- lwiQh ckck flxcrqYyk dyanj rcjsth
4- Lokeh vkuan nso (VkV ckck)
5- czãyhu nsojkg ckck
6- czãyhu ckck Hktu czãpkjh
7- czãyhu vkS?kM+ Hkxoku~ jke
4 8- f=kyksd ckck
9- ik;ysV ckck
10- rifLouh ehjkiqjh
vkè;kfRed iM+ko
ijke`R;q vuqHko % 6 tqykbZ] 1979
dqaMfyuh tkxj.k (lrksjh) % 11 fnlacj] 1988
vksadkj & nh{kk % 13 tuojh] 1997
lacksfèk % 5 ekpZ] 1997
ln~xq# ds :i esa
çFke è;ku lekfèk f'kfoj % vizSy] 1998
vks'kks 'kSysUæ o ek fç;k th
ds lkFk ln~xq# f=kfoj :i esa % ebZ] 1999
lekfèk dk;ZØeksa dh jpuk % tqykbZ] 1999
vks'kksèkkjk la?k dk fuekZ.k % ekpZ] 2006
 O;fDrRo dh >yfd;ka
dfo] ys[kd] lEiknd] gksE;ksiSFkh MkDVj] fgUnh] laLd`r o
vaxzsth ds iz[kj oDrk] esustesaV fo'ks"kK
lkfgfR;d jpukvksa ds vfrfjDr vU; çdkf'kr iqLrdsa

1- vkuan xhrk (dkO; laxzg)

2- vks'kks xhrk (xhr laxzg)
3- lEiw.kZ vè;kRe
4- è;ku ls fuokZ.k dh vksj
5- lkèkks lgt lekfèk Hkyh (larksa dh ok.kh ij çopu)
6- lkèkuk ds vVdko ,oa HkVdko
7- eqæk fpfdRlk (fgUnh vkSj vaxzsth nksuksa Hkk"kkvksa esa)
8- rhFkZ ls ije rhFkZ dh vksj
9- ukud uke tgkt gS 5
 vks'kksèkkjk dk ifjp;
Hkxoku Jh vks'kks

iwjs fo'o esa è;ku dh I;kl txkus okys vkèkqfud ;qx ds Økafrdkjh ln~xq:A A
èkeZ ds jgL;ksa ds oSKkfud O;k[;kdkjA yxHkx 600 fdrkcksa ds jpf;rkA
vks'kksèkkjk

vks'kks }kjk mn~?kkfVr czãKku ds xksiuh; jgL;ksa dh ç;ksx'kkykA izFke ry dh lEkf/

esa gh vksadkj nh{kkA vkxs lqjfr lekf/] fujfr lekf/] ve`r lekf/] ÅtkZ lekf/]
fnO; lekf/] pSrU; lekf/] vkuan lekf/] izse lekf/] v}Sr lekf/] dSoY;
lekf/] fuokZ.k lekf/] lgt lekf/] ijegal lekf/] pSrU; lqfeju] vkuan lqfeju]
izse lqfeju] pSrU; in] vkuan in] izse in ,oa ije in rd dh ;k=kkA
vks'kksèkkjk dh liQyrk

4 lekfèk f'kfojksa ds ekè;e ls fiNys nl o"kks± esa lSdMksa lkèkd czãKku dks miyCèkA
400 ls vfèkd vkpk;Z ns'k&fons'k esa dk;ZjrA
ln~xq# f=kfoj

vks'kksèkkjk ds lapkyd& vks'kks fl¼kFkZ] ek vks'kks fç;k] ,oa vks'kks vuqt vks'kks
'kSSysUæA rhuksa gh ln~xq# czãKkuhA Hkkjro"kZ rFkk fons'kksa esa dbZ è;ku dsUæksa] ihBksa]
vkJeksa] o èkkeksa ds laLFkkidA
vks'kksèkkjk ds çdk'ku

vc rd lSdM+ksa Hktu ,oa è;ku&laxhr ds ,yce] ln~xq# izopuksa ds vkfM;ks o

fofM;ks lh-Mh- o ,e-ih-Fkzh vkfn izdkf'kr gks pqds gSaA ekfld if=kdk ^vks'kks/kjk*
fgUnh Hkk"kk esa fudyrh gSA vusdksa iqLrdsa Hkh izdkf'kr gks pqdh gSaA
Vh- oh- pSuy

vks'kks dk fnO; lans'k igqapkus dk dk;Z dj jgs gSa ln~xq# f=kfoj&vksÀkks fl¼kFkZ th]
vksÀkks ÀkSysUæ th ,oa eka vksÀkks fç;k th& vkLFkk pSuy ij çfrfnu lk;a 6-50 ls 7-10
 vks'kks/kkjk lekf/ dk;ZØe
1- è;ku lekf/ µ izFke ry ds bl f'kfoj esa rhu&rhu fnu ds nks [kaM
gSaA lqfo/kuqlkj dksbZ O;fDr rhu fnu vFkok N%
fnu ds f'kfoj esa Hkh Hkkx ys ldrk gSA
[kaM ,d % vkuan çKk µ 'kjhj] eu o g`n; ds 'kqf¼dj.k rFkk fpÙk
'kfDr;ksa ds :ikarj.k dk vuwBk iz;ksxA vk/qfud
iQksje LVkby ls pyus okys bl f'kfoj esa nq[k]
ruko] Øks/] v'kkafr vkfn udkjkRed Hkkouk,a
folftZr gksrh gSaA izseiw.kZ o vkuaniw.kZ thus dh
dyk lh[kh tkrh gSA vius thou dh fdrkc
[kksydj i<+h tkrh gSA
[kaM nks % lekf/ çKk µ deZ;ksx] ra=k;ksx] gB;ksx] HkfDr;ksx] Kku;ksx]
jkt;ksx ,oa lka[;;ksx ds lkr }kjksa ls lk{kh ds 5
eafnj esa izos'kA ;ksx ij ,d fogaxe n`f"V vkSj
è;ku ç;ksxksa }kjk psruk ds vkdk'k esa mM+kuA
vfgalk] 'kkdkgkj] vO;lu] vizekn o vizlkj bu iapozrksa dk le>iw.kZ
ladYi ysdj] lk{kkRdkj ds i'pkr gh bl
vuwBs vkRe tkxj.k dk;ZØe esa izos'k feyrk gSA
ijekRek ds laxhr ls ifjp;--- ^,d vksadkj
lruke* dk jgL;ksn~?kkVu--- vkSj lekf/ esa
Mqcdh yx tkrh gSA vkxs dh ckrsa vdFkuh; gSaA
dsoy b'kkjs gh fd, tk ldrs gSa] le>uk---
2- lqjfr lekf/ µ fnO; èofu dh xgjkb;ksa dk Li'kZ--- gfj vkse~
rRlr~! vlrks ek ln~xe;--- ije lR; dh
vuqHkwfrA
 3- fujfr lekf/ µ va/dkj ls vkyksd dh ;k=kk--- relks ek
T;ksfrxZe;! ijekRek ds izdk'ke; :i dk
n'kZu--- nhid ckjk uke dkA
4- ve`r lekf/ µ e`R;ksekZ ve`ra xe;--- thrs th ejus dk foKkuA
^eSa e`R;q fl[kkrk gwa* dk iz;ksx--- ejkS gs tksxh
ejksA
5- ÅtkZ lekf/& ewyk/kj pØ ls lglzkj pØ rd ÅtkZ dk
mèoZxeuA dqaMfyuh tkxj.k ds iz;ksx ,oa
fMokbZu ghfyax ds iz;ksxA
6- fnO; lekf/ µ fnO; lqxa/] fnO; Lokn] fnO; Li'kZ ,oa fnO;
[kqekjhA izHkq dh 'kjkc--- tke ij tke--- vks'kks
dh e/q'kkyk esa ^ihor jkejl yxh [kqekjh*A
7- pSrU; lekf/& leLr vuqHkoksa ds Kkrk dk Kku-------psfr loSQ rks
4 psRk!
8- vkuan lekf/ µ ^vjh eSa rks uke ds jax NdhA* vkuan dh vuqHkwfr]
fiQj ^mRlo vkekj tkfr] vkuan vkekj xks=k*A
9- izse lekf/ µ ^<kbZ vk[kj izse dk* i<+us dh dykA fnO; çse dh
vuqHkwfrA ^izse gS }kj izHkq dk*--- ^izse xyh vfr
lkadjh] rk esa nks u lekbZ*--- blds vkxs---
10- v}Sr lekf/ µ HkDr vkSj Hkxoku dh nqbZ dk feV tkuk--- lc
vuqHkoksa ds ikj--- ^cwan lekuh leaqn esa] lks dr
gsjh tk;*A ije lR; dk vuqHkoA
11- dSoY; lekf/ µblesa dsoy Kku lekf/ ds os Lukrd izos'k dj
ldrs gSa] tks lacksf/ dks miyC/ gks x, gSaA ;g
fc;kaM ,uykbVsuesaV (cq¼Ro ds ikj)]
vkReKku ds ckn czg~eKku dh ;k=kk gSA ije
 pSrU; dk vuqHko!
12- fuokZ.k lekf/ µ ;g egk'kwU; dh ;k=kk gS] vfLrRo ds lkFk ije
,sD;A ije vkuan dk vuqHko !!
13- lgt lekf/ µ ^lgt ;ksx* dh pje voLFkk ^lk/ks lgt lekf/
Hkyh*-- lgt dk---ije izse dk vuqHko !!!
14- ijegal lekf/& lqfeju dh xgjkb;ksa esa MqcdhA ftu [kkstk fru
ikb;ka] xgjs ikuh iSBA lalkj esa jgdj Hkh lalkj
ls ikjA ije eaxy dk vuqHkoA
15- pSrU; lqfeju& ijekRek ds pSrU; Lo:i esa ekSu MqcdhA
16- vkuan lqfeju& ijekRek ds vkuan Lo:i esa ekSu MqcdhA
17- izse lqfeju& ijekRek ds izse Lo:i esa ekSu MqcdhA
18- pSrU; in& ijekRek ds pSrU; Lo:i esa ije foJkeA
19- vkuan in& ijekRek ds vkuan Lo:i esa ije foJkeA
20- izse in& ijekRek ds izse Lo:i esa ije foJkeA 5
21- ije in& vpy lfPpnkuan xksfoan esa ije foJkeA

tSls unh dHkh [kM+h ugha gksrh ,sls gh vks'kks/kjk cg jgh gSA
vks'kks/kjk ds gkFk esa vksadkj dh e'kky gS tks gekjs Hkhrj ds va/dkj dks
nwj djrh gSA vkSj rc ân; esa ijekRek ds uke dh og xwat gekjs Hkhrj
Ñ".k dh ckalqjh ctk nsrh gS] gesa vius ve`r :i dk irk pyrk gSA var
esa] fuosnu gS tks Hkh fe=k bl fdrkc dks i<+sa ;g le>sa fd ijekRek us
mUgsa iqdkjk gSA
vks'kks/kjk izse] eksgCcr o b'd dk iSxke ysdj iwjh nqfu;k eas
fudy iM+h gS_ fo'o ds izR;sd O;fDr dk ;gka Lokxr gSA
vks'kks/kjk ,d jgL; fo|kihB gSA vesfjdk esa ljdkj }kjk
dE;wu u"V fd, tkus ds ckn] lu~ 1985&1986 esa fo'o Hkze.k ds nkSjku
vks'kks us ckjackj ladsr fn;k fd vc fo'kky dE;wu ugha oju~ NksVs&NksVs
 lk/uk LFky fufeZr djus gSaA Lo;a vks'kks ds 'kCnksa esa µ
¶---geus cgqr dqN lh[kk gSA blfy, vc eSa dksbZ dE;wu ugha
cukus tk jgk gawA eSa ,d ,slh pht cukus tk jgk gwa] tks fd iwjh rjg ls
fHkUu gS--- ,d feLVªh Ldwy] ,d jgL; tks rqeus bu rhu eghuksa esas lh[kk
gS] mls ?kj ij tkjh j[k ldrs gksA ogak rqEgkjs ikl fo|kihBA bl Ldwy
dh ns[kHkky djus ds fy, 40&50 yksx gksaxsA vkSj nks lkS] rhu lkS] ikap
lkS yksx ,d ekg] nks ekg vFkok rhu ekg ds dk;ZØe gsrq vk;saxs vkSj
fiQj okfil pys tk,axsA vkSj /hjs&/hjs ge yksxksa dks çf'kf{kr dj nsaxs
rkfd os iwjs fo'o esa feLVªh Ldwy [kksy ldsaA
;g Ldwy ,dne fHkUu pht gSA rqe dqN lh[kus ds fy,] dqN
fo'ks"k vuqHkoksa ls xqtjus ds fy, rhu ekg ds fy, vkrs gks vkSj mlds
ckn rqe vius dk;Z ds fy, lalkj esa okfil ykSV tkrs gksA vkSj ,d o"kZ
ds vanj rqe bruk /u vftZr dj yksxs] fd rqe ;gak viuh {kerkuqlkj
4 ,d] nks vFkok rhu ekg ds fy, vk ldrs gksA ;s rhu ekg egt
vodk'k gSa] Nqfêð;ksa ds fnu gSaA bu rhu eghuksa ds fy, rqe iwjs fo'o dks
Hkwy ldrs gksA ;s rhu ekg dsoy lR; dh [kkst ds fy, gksaxsA vkSj rhu
ekg ckn] tks dqN Hki;kZIr le; gS& rqe vius fy, de ls de nks ?kaVs
rks fudky gh ldrs gksA¸
µ vks'kks] fc;kWUM lkbdksykSth] vè;k;&38
µ vks'kks] vks'kks mifu"kn] vè;k;&1
 Oshodhara Pragya Groups
“PRAGYA means wisdom. It is different from knowledge.
Knowledge is that which is not based on your own experience;
wisdom is that which is based on your own experience. Rely
only on that which you have experienced (Osho, The
Disciplene of Transcendence, Vol 4, Chapter #9)”.

A number of pragya groups have been designed and are being

conducted by Oshodhara Acharyas. They are described
below:

Anand Pragya: This is a 3-days Group of Blissful Living,

which covers the Eightfold path of Lord
Buddha with inputs of most recent
psychological, behavioral and ontological
studies. This infuses wisdom to change old
scripting of life into new one, full of bliss,
love, life and laughter. It enables couples to 5
live a warm, happy and inspiring life for
themselves and their children. It forms first
part of Dhyan Samadhi Group. Entry in
this Group is granted to everyone.

Samadhi Pragya: This is a 3- days Group which reviews

various paths of Yoga and gives experience
of divinity as Soundless Sound. It is
recommended that participants seeking
entry in this group should vow to adopt
Yoga Panch Vrata including Non-
Violence, Vegetarianism, Non-addiction,
Meditative Living and Non- Proliferation.
On the fifth day, Sannyas Diksha is given
to willing participants. This forms second
part of Dhyan Samadhi Group. Entry in
this group is given only after Ananda
Pragya.
 Sammohan Pragya: This is a 3-days special program on
Hypnosis to reprogram you to live with
health, wealth and positive visualization.
By doing this program you become free
from chronic diseases, conditionings and
undesirable habits. It is essential to do this
program before attending Nirvaan
Samadhi.

Mahajeevan Pragya: This is a 3-days special program on Past

Life Regression and Life between Lives.
It is essential to do this program before
joining Nirvaan Samadhi. It is advisable
to attend Sammohan Pragya before
attending Mahajeevan Pragya for better
results.

Mudra Chikitsa: This is a 3-days program to understand

secrets of five elements depicted in our
4 five fingers and thereby healing our most
of the ailments. It is essential to do this
program before joining Kaivalya Samadhi
program.

Homeo Pragya: This is a 6-days program which teaches art

and science of Homeppathy. After
attending this program you can heal
yourself, your friends and family
members.

Balotsav Pragya: This is a 6-days Group for children

between 10-18 years. It teaches Anand
Pragya in a playful environment. At the
end of the program children present a
colorful cultural program for parents.

Acharya Pragya: This is a 9-days group which prepares

Acharyas of Oshodhara who can conduct
 Ananda Pragya, Jeevan Pragya, Kaushal
Pragya and Bal Pragya Groups. Entry is
granted only to Members of Oshodhara
Maitri Sangh after Amrit Samadhi.

Acharyashree-1: This is a 6-days Group, which prepares

Acharyashrees of Oshodhara, who can
conduct Dhyai Samadhi Group. Entry in
this group is granted to the Members of
Oshodhara Maitri Sangha after
completing Acharya Pragya and Adwait
Samadhi.

Acharyashree-2: This is a 6-days Group, which prepares

Acharyashrees of Oshodhara, who can
conduct Dhyai Samadhi and Surati
Samadhi Groups independently and
asociate in higher samadhi programs with
Sadguru Trivir. Entry in this group is
granted to the Members of Oshodhara 5
Maitri Sangha after completing
Acharyashree-1.
oshodhara.org.in

vks'kksèkkjk ds pkj èkke

usiky
jk;y uS'kuy ikdZ fprou ds ikl
vks'kksèkkjk xaxks=h èkke
lkSjkgk] fprou] usiky
iQksu%(00977)&1&4427466]4416156]4430835] 4424408
eks- % 00&977&98510&51691
iatkc
iBkudksV ds ikl ekèkksiqj esa
jkoh unh ds je.khd rV ij fLFkr
vks'kksèkkjk vkuan èkke
'kkgiqj] daM+h jksM] ekèkksiqj] ftyk xqjnkliqj] iatkc
iQksu % 01870&257482_ eks- 098143&55475
gfj;k.kk
fnYyh ds fudV (dsUnzh; vkJe)
vks'kksèkkjk ukud èkke
xzke&eqjFky] lksuhir] gfj;k.kk&131027
iQksu % 0130&2483911@3 3290388
fcgkj
vks'kksèkkjk lgtkuan èkke
xkao&dekZ] }kjk&foØe xat] ftyk jksgrkl] fcgkj
iQksu%09334367233] 09334725125] 09334252385
 ln~xq# vks'kks fl¼kFkZ th }kjk jfpr iqLrdsa
1- eqæk fpfdRlk 100@&
2- lEiw.kZ vè;kRe 100@&
3- è;ku ls fuokZ.k dh vksj 100@&
4- vkuan xhrk (dkO; laxzg) 100@&
5- lkèkks lgt lekfèk Hkyh
(larksa dh ok.kh ij çopu) 80@&
6- vks'kks xhrk
(xhr laxzg&ln~xq# ek fç;k th }kjk xk, xhr) 125@&
7- ukud uke tgkt gS 150@&
8- rhFkZ ls ije rhFkZ dh vksj 150@&

(y?kq iqfLrdk,a)
9- lkèkuk ds vVdko ,oa HkVdko 20@&
10- d`".k dh ckalqjh dk jgL; 20@&
11- Hkxoku f'ko ls lk{kkRdkj 20@&
12- cgqrsjs gSa ?kkV 20@&
13- fuokZ.k iFk 20@&
14- jke uke tkU;ks ugha 20@&
15- fu"dke HkfDr 20@&
16- lekfèk dk foKku 20@&
 ln~xq# vks'kks 'kSysUæ th }kjk jfpr iqLrdsa
1- e`R;q ds ckn tUe ls igys 60@&
2- thou Økafr ds lw=k 80@&
3- eLrh Hkjh ftUnxh 100@&
4- çse ,d ehBh pqHku 60@&
5- ijekRek dk n'kZu dSls 60@&
6- è;ku ;ksx 60@&
7- è;ku vkSj lekfèk 60@&
8- 'kkafr ds lkr Lo.kZ lw=k 80@&
9- vks'kks dh ekStwnxh dk tknw 80@&
(y?kq iqfLrdk,a)
10- okLrfod èkeZ vkSj è;ku 20@&
11- èkeZ dh thoar èkkjk 20@&
12- tkxj.k vkSj Jo.k 20@&
13- vykSfdd thou dh dyk 20@&
14- relks ek T;ksfrxZe; 20@&
15- lalkj ds lacaèk 20@&
16- laU;kl dk ladYi 20@&