INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICAL  It is mainly used for Social Sciences

SOFTWARE but expanded in other disciplines

such as quantitative analysis of
Available Software that we can use for complex data from various
Statistics: discipline
1. Microsoft Excel Good Points:
 Will be used in Financial Modelling
 Part of Microsoft Office  Very easy to learn and use (procedural)
 Excel version 1.0 (1985)  Can use either with menus or syntax
files (menus – most of the time
Good Points:
ginagamit)
 Extremely easy to use and interchanges  Quite good graphics (similar with
nicely with other Microsoft products features of excel)
(If you have data with PPT or others, it  Excels at descriptive statistics, basic
will be easier for you to integrate data regression analysis, analysis, of variance,
to Excel because they work well) and some newer techniques such as
 Excel spreadsheets can be read by many Classification and Regression Trees
other statistical packages [Ex: You (CART) – a predictive model which
have a data with Excel, that is raw data, explains how an outcome variable values
and it will be transferred to SPSS (to be can be predicted based on other values.
cleared with outliers and such)] Somehow using a decision tree.
 Add on module which is part of Excel  Has its own structural equation
for undertaking basic statistical analyses modelling software AMOS (built in
(You may consider adding statistical tool with SPSS), that dovetails with SPSS.
pack so you can use excel for statistical
Bad Points:
analysis)
 Can produce very nice graphs  Focus is on statistical methods mainly
used in the social sciences, market
Bad Points:
research and psychology
 Excel is designed for financial  Has advanced regression modelling
calculations (financial modelling), procedures such as LMM (liner mixed
although it is possible to use it for many models/extension ng simple linear model)
other things and GEE (generalized estimating
 Cannot undertake more sophisticated equation/the usual linear model), but they
statistical analyses without purchase of are awful to use with very obscure
expensive commercial add-ons. (You syntax.
cannot have structural equation 3. SAS (Statistical Analysis System)
modelling, path analysis,  Developed in North Carolina State
mediation/moderation effect among University in 1966 / Contemporary with
variables) SPSS
 It is an integrated system of software
product provided by SAS Institute
incorporated which enables us
2. SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social information retrieval, data management,
Sciences) report writing, and graphics.
 Can also be used in Medicine  Advanced analytics, multi-varied
 SPSS version 1.0 (1968) analysis, business intelligence, SAS.
 Current version: Version 23
Good Points:
 A.K.A IVM SPSS – a software
package used for analysis of  Can use either with menus or syntax
statistical data files
 Much more powerful than SPSS  From S Plus – a statistical
(because you have different areas such as programming language developed in
data management advanced analytics, Seattle in 1988
criminal investigation, predictive  Free version ng S Plus developed in
analysis) 1996
 Commonly used for data management
Good Points:
in clinical trials (because of predictive
analysis)  Very powerful — easily matches or even
surpasses many of the models found in
Bad Points:
SAS or Statas (Good option if you cannot
 Harder to learn and use than SPSS have a thorough analysis of your data set
in SPSS/STATA)
 Researchers around the world write their
ACTIVITY 1: Finals own procedures in R, which are then
available to all users
BASIC FEATURES OF MICROSOFT  Free (open source on S Language)
EXCEL, SPSS, and SAS.
Bad Points:

 Much harder to learn and use than SAS

4. STATA or Stata
 Released in 1985
 It is increasing popular in areas of
ECONOMICS
TO DO:
 Current Version: Version 14
 Provides everything you need of Download SPSS
Data Science: data manipulation,
visualization, statistics, and
automated reports.

Good Points:

 Can use either with menus or syntax

files
 Much more powerful than SPSS ~
probably equivalent to SAS
 Excels at advanced regression
modelling. (LMM and GEE)
 Has its own in-built structural equation
modelling (unlike SPSS where you need
to buy AMOS)
 Researchers around the world write their
own procedures in Stata, which are then
available to all users (recorded)

Bad Points:

 Harder to learn and use than SPSS

 Does not yet have some specialized
techniques such as CART or Partial
Least squares regression (Unlike SPSS)

5. R