Chapter 09 Leadership

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Robbins & Judge

Organizational Behavior
14th Edition

Leadership
Page: 462 Kelli J. Schutte
William Jewell College

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall


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What Is Leadership?

 Leadership
– The ability to influence a group
toward the achievement of goals
 Management
– Use of authority inherent in
designated formal rank to obtain
compliance from organizational
members
 Both are necessary for
organizational success

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1. Trait Theories of Leadership
 Theories that consider personality, social, physical, or
intellectual traits to differentiate leaders from nonleaders
(Personal Qualities & Characteristics)

 Big Five Personality Framework


 Essential Leadership Traits
– Extroversion
– Conscientiousness (achievement focused/dutifulness/commitment)
– Emotional Intelligence (Qualified)
 Traits can predict leadership
&
 they are better at predicting leader emergence than
effectiveness.
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2. Behavioral Theories of Leadership
 Theories proposing that specific behaviors differentiate
leaders from non-leaders

 Differences between theories of leadership:

– Trait theory: leadership is inherent, so we must


identify/ Select the leader based on his or her
traits
– Behavioral theory: leadership is a skill set and can
be taught to anyone/trained, so we must identify
the proper behaviors to teach potential leaders

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Important Behavioral Studies

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3. Contingency Theories
 While trait and behavior theories do help us
understand leadership, an important component
(situational variable) is missing:

The environment in which the leader exists

 Contingency Theory adds this additional aspect to our


understanding leadership effectiveness studies

 Three key theories:


– Fiedler’s Model
– Hersey and Blanchard’s Situational Leadership Theory
– Path-Goal Theory

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i. Situational Leadership Theory
 A model that focuses on follower “readiness”

– “Readiness” is the extent to which people (followers) have


the ability and willingness to accomplish a specific task

Ability to follow Willingness to Follow Leadership Behavior

Unable Unwilling Give clear and specific directions

Unable Willing Display high task orientation

Able Unwilling Use a supportive and participatory


style

Able Willing Doesn’t need to do much


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4. Charismatic Leadership
 Charisma means gift in Greek

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Charismatic Leadership…….
How do charismatic leaders influence followers?

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Trust and Leadership
 Trust – a psychological state that exists when you agree
to make yourself vulnerable to another because you
have a positive expectation for how things are going to
turn out.
– Key attribute associated with leadership
– Followers who trust their leader will align their actions and
attitudes with the leader’s behaviors/requests

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How is Trust Developed?

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