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    Saswata Roy
    This document contains instructions and problems for a solid state physics homework assignment on crystal structures. Students are asked to: 1) Define a primitive cell for the FCC lattice in hexagonal coordinates and describe the reciprocal lattice. 2) Construct primitive vectors, reciprocal lattice, Wigner-Seitz cell, and Brillouin zone for the crystal structure of MgB2. 3) Prove that the {111} planes in FCC and {110} planes in BCC have the greatest density of lattice points. 4) Complete a chart with nearest neighbor distances and numbers for simple cubic, FCC, and ideal HCP crystal structures.

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    PS1

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    Saswata Roy
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    This document contains instructions and problems for a solid state physics homework assignment on crystal structures. Students are asked to: 1) Define a primitive cell for the FCC lattice in hexagonal coordinates and describe the reciprocal lattice. 2) Construct primitive vectors, reciprocal lattice, Wigner-Seitz cell, and Brillouin zone for the crystal structure of MgB2. 3) Prove that the {111} planes in FCC and {110} planes in BCC have the greatest density of lattice points. 4) Complete a chart with nearest neighbor distances and numbers for simple cubic, FCC, and ideal HCP crystal structures.

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    This document contains instructions and problems for a solid state physics homework assignment on crystal structures. Students are asked to: 1) Define a primitive cell for the FCC lattice in hexagonal coordinates and describe the reciprocal lattice. 2) Construct primitive vectors, reciprocal lattice, Wigner-Seitz cell, and Brillouin zone for the crystal structure of MgB2. 3) Prove that the {111} planes in FCC and {110} planes in BCC have the greatest density of lattice points. 4) Complete a chart with nearest neighbor distances and numbers for simple cubic, FCC, and ideal HCP crystal structures.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    25 views2 pages

    PS1

    Uploaded by

    Saswata Roy
    This document contains instructions and problems for a solid state physics homework assignment on crystal structures. Students are asked to: 1) Define a primitive cell for the FCC lattice in hexagonal coordinates and describe the reciprocal lattice. 2) Construct primitive vectors, reciprocal lattice, Wigner-Seitz cell, and Brillouin zone for the crystal structure of MgB2. 3) Prove that the {111} planes in FCC and {110} planes in BCC have the greatest density of lattice points. 4) Complete a chart with nearest neighbor distances and numbers for simple cubic, FCC, and ideal HCP crystal structures.

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    Solid State Physics, Phys.

    7635
    I. Crystal Structures and Thinking in 3 Dimensions
    Due in Gradescope by 11:59 pm Friday, Sept. 2, 2022 (Ithaca time)

    Read: Girvin and Yang, chapters 1-3 OR Ashcroft and Mermin, chapters 4 & 5, start 6, skim 7
    (or the equivalent, for instance Kittel chapters 1,2 or Ibach and Lüth chapters 2,3). Note that
    A&M use an unusual sign convention for the Ewald construction. In class I will use the
    conventions of the Ewald construction used by G&Y (and also Kittel chapter 2 and most other
    textbooks).

    Communicate your reasoning in your solutions, concisely and clearly.

    1.1 (10 points) As discussed in class, the FCC lattice can be viewed as an ABCABC... stacking
    of hexagonal planes. This implies that it should be possible to define a primitive cell such that
    the FCC lattice can be viewed as hexagonal, with a basis consisting of three atoms. Do so, and
    give for a FCC lattice with conventional cubic lattice constant a0
    (a) the three primitive vectors for the hexagonal description.
    (b) three vectors, describing the positions of the basis atoms within a primitive cell, that
    go along with "ABC"
    (c) the "c/a" ratio of the hexagonal unit cell.
    (d) Describe the reciprocal lattice in the hexagonal description of the FCC lattice
    (including the dimensions, in terms of the length a0). Should it be the same, or different, than the
    reciprocal lattice of the simplest Bravais-lattice description of the FCC lattice (see A&M page
    88)? If different, are the set of points in one reciprocal lattice a subset of the other, or are they
    unrelated?

    1.2 (10 points) MgB2 is a superconductor with a relatively-high


    transition temperature of 39 K. It has the crystal structure depicted on the
    right, where the boron atoms (dark balls) form a graphitic honeycomb
    lattice (stacked identically on top of each other) and the magnesium
    atoms (light balls) are located above the center of the B hexagons exactly
    in between the layers. Let a be the B-B distance within a layer and c be
    the vertical distance between different B layers.
    (a) Construct the primitive lattice vectors, the reciprocal lattice,
    the Wigner-Seitz cell, and the Brillouin zone for MgB2.
    (b) What is the volume of the primitive unit cell? What is the volume of the Brillouin
    zone? Give the locations of the basis atoms in terms of the primitive basis vectors.

    1.3 (10 points) (A&M problem 5.3).


    (a) Show that the density of lattice points (per unit area) in a lattice plane is d/v, where v
    is the primitive cell volume and d the spacing between neighboring planes in the family to which
    the given plane belongs.
    (b) Prove that the lattice planes with the greatest densities of points (in the given crystal
    structure) are the {111} planes in a face-centered cubic Bravais lattice and the {110} planes in a
    body-centered cubic Bravais lattice. (Hint: This is most easily done by exploiting the relation
    between families of lattice planes and reciprocal lattice vectors.)
    1.4 (15 points) An exercise in crystal geometry: (This might take more time than a typical
    problem, depending on your experience with thinking in 3d.) Imagine that spherical "atoms" of
    unit diameter are arranged in each of the structures listed below so that nearest neighbors are
    touching. Let dn be the distance of the nth nearest-neighbor shell surrounding a given crystal
    site (all distances should be measured center-to-center from the given crystal site), and Nn be the
    number of nth nearest neighbors. Complete the chart. Be careful with the HCP structure
    because it is not a Bravais lattice. You do not need to explain your logic on this problem in the
    same level of detail as for the others. Keep a copy of the chart because it will be useful on the
    next problem set.

    simple cubic FCC ideal HCP


    density (atoms per unit volume) 1
    # of atoms per Bravais lattice
    1 1 2
    primitive cell
    1 1 1
    d1

    N1

    d2

    N2

    d3 3 8/3

    N3

    d4

    N4
    symmetry of reciprocal lattice
    (reciprocal to the appropriate
    primitive lattice --FCC, BCC, e.g.)

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