Ex.

1
Consider the following words in column 1 and column 2
Column 1 Column 2 Morphological process
State the morphological process that is responsible for the creation of the new words in
column 2
E.g., air-conditioner air-condition Back derivation

1) cook cooker ....................................

2) breakfast and lunch brunch ....................................
3) house-keeping house-keep ....................................
4) water (N) water (V) ....................................
5) memorandum memo ....................................
6) 'subject sub’ject ....................................
7) scape, land landscape ....................................
8) Palestine Liberation Organization PLO ....................................
9) advertisement ad ....................................
10) lose loser ....................................

Ex.2. Consider the following words in column 1

From each of the words in column 1, create new words and write them in column 2 as
suggested in the morphological process.
Column 1 Column 2 Morphological process
E.g. ‘record re’cord
stress shift
1) refrigerator ......................... initial-medial clipping
2) editor ......................... back-formation
3) calm ......................... conversion
4) day, dream ......................... compounding
5) useful ......................... derivation
6) human immunodeficiency virus ......................... acronymy
7) binary, digit ......................... blending
8) intercommunication system ......................... clipping
9) compact disk, read-only-memory ......................... acronymy
10) courage ......................... derivation
3. Make an analysis of the following noun phrases in items of the word classes that
they comprise.
e.g.: those delicious ice-creams

det. adj. head

1. that attractive young woman in the blue dress
2. Jim's fatal mistakes
3. all our many grievous sins
4. an ugly large yellow submarine
5. an eight-year-old boy who attempted to rob a sweet shop
6. her blue silk umbrella
7. our relations' dirty screaming offspring
4. The following are NPs in which the order of premodifiers is scrambled:
1. some, fresh, bread, brown, nice
2. green, a, small, leather, handbag
3. designs, Chinese, old, those, all
4. old, a few, friends, of mine
5. brilliant, that, first-year, student
6. Morgan’s, steam, revolution
7. a/an, tower, grey, ancient
8. first, tourists, the, foreign, all, almost
9. responsibilities, new, his, heavy
10. people, these, young, highly, educated
5. Find out noun phrases in the following sentences, analyze their constituents and
functions:
1. The woman wearing a plastic nose is our history professor.
2. Opinions expressed here are not those of the editors.
3. This is an experience you'll always remember.
4. She loves any dish involving cheese.
5. Any article left by students in the office will be taken to the lost property office.
6. The bad weather compelled us to stay indoors.
7. The man behind the door is my old teacher.
8. The man to feed the kangaroo is my uncle.
9. His decision to use all female cast surprised all of us.
10. The next plane to arrive is from Bangkok.
11. The poor little boy who seems to be lost is my friend's daughter
12. The clearest instructions that anybody could have been given were already made.
13. The fourth place behind Jim was reserved for Peter.
14. Several irate gentleman farmers waiting for the prime minister came from the south.
15. This sudden disaster approaching us made us very worried.
6. What part of speech (noun, verb, adjective, adverb….) might be put in the
blanks?
1. ……….. intelligent boy is from class 10B2.
2. That ……….. apple pie smells delicious.
3. My ………. food is fried chicken.
4. The ..…….. to feed the kangaroo is ………. uncle.
5. ………… made no move to greet me.
6. His ………… to use an all-female cast surprised all of us.
7. The next ………. to arrive is from Bangkok.
8. The ……….. girl who seems to be lost is my friend's daughter.
7. State whether the bold prepositional phrase(s) in each sentence is/are used as an
adverbial or a postmodifier to nouns.
1. The people in the gallery could not hear.
2. We are going to meet the new comers in the gallery.
3. He punched the man in the face.
4. He punched the man in the black.
5. The men fled from the police.
6. Everybody stared at the man from the police station.
7. The ripe apples from the biggest tree might hit the people on the head.
8. The spectators were sitting in the grandstand.
9. The spectators in the grandstand were singing.
10. I take my car to the garage in the village.
11. In the village, there are several old cottages.
12. A house was destroyed near us.
13. The house next to ours was damaged.
14. Oranges in Spain are huge.
8. Find out adjective phrases and adverb phrases in the following sentences and
analyse their constituents:
1. That is a bit premature, isn't it?
2. I found it rather tight.
3. I'd be quite keen to try anything like that really.
4. What you have been doing then has been so wild.
5. I expect you are glad you're not a vegetarian.
6. I am sure it isn't much difficult than you say.
7. She was uncertain what to do.
8. He gave me a very earnest look.
9. He sounds very interested in our proposal.
10. Unfortunately, he is very busy now.
11. It was a quite ridiculously- worded statement.
12. Is he certain of our support?
13. I am quite sure that he is certain to win.
14. He was rather concerned that no-one should know immediately.
15. He runs very fast.
16. It is a surprisingly high price.
17. He intentionally took the calculator.
18. They excitedly welcomed the music band.
9. Underline verb phrases in the following sentences and decide whether they are finite
or non finite:
1. At the station, we were met by a man carrying a copy of the Times.
2. He was accompanied by a porter weighing at least 150 kilos.
3. A car, coming unexpectedly out of a side street, crashed into us.
4. We collided with a car driven by a young man without a license.
5. Any diver not having a license ought to be sent to jail right away.
6. The train standing at platform six is for Brussels and Ostend.
7. Any articles left in this bus were taken at once to the Lost property Office.
8. Any dutiable articles not declared to the custom will be liable to confiscation.
9. Presents costing less than ten pounds in all may be imported duty free.
10. Anyone not hearing that noise must have been stone deaf.
10. Find out verb phrases in the following sentences and analyse them;
1. We were waiting for hours.
2. Yee Ling has never been to Scotland.
3. Those people are really lucky.
4. We will not give you that information.
5. They appointed him the chairman of the committee.
6. Ali must have spent a fortune last week.
7. They could help you.
8. They will arrive tomorrow morning.
9. The thieves may have left by now.
10. When did you see Mr. Lim?
11. A part of each of the sentences below is marked. Indicate by which of the following
linguistic structures the bold part is being realized:
a. finite verb phrase
b. non - finite verb phrase
c. prepositional phrase
d. noun phrase
e. adjective phrase
f. adverb phrase
g. non-finite clause
h. finite clause
1. Fire can cause great damage to any city.
2. The Great Fire of London started in a bakery.
3. It burnt furiously for four days.
4. Pepys has given us a vivid account of it.
5. Who has given a vivid account of it?
6. The man who has just spoken is Benjamin Hall.
7.They suddenly decided to christen the bell Big Ben.
8.The man who won the contract was Dent
9. The next day we were sitting in the car
10. Leaving us at the gate, they disappeared.
11. Leaving us at the gate like that was very thoughtless.
12. Hand the man at the gate your ticket.
13. I thoroughly enjoyed meeting June again.
14. Meeting her again has left me very happy.

15. We doubts whether peace will last.