Support Material

GCE Physics B
OCR Advanced Subsidiary GCE in Physics B: H159
Unit: G491

This Support Material booklet is designed to accompany the OCR Advanced Subsidiary
GCE specification in Physics for teaching from September 2008.

© OCR 2007
Contents

Contents 2
Introduction 3
Scheme of Work: GCE Physics B ‘Advancing Physics’: H159: G491 5
Other forms of Support 33

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Introduction

Background

A new structure of assessment for A Level has been introduced, for first teaching from September
2008. Some of the changes include:

 The introduction of stretch and challenge (including the new A* grade at A2) – to ensure that
every young person has the opportunity to reach their full potential

 The reduction or removal of coursework components for many qualifications – to lessen the
volume of marking for teachers

 A reduction in the number of units for many qualifications – to lessen the amount of
assessment for learners

 Amendments to the content of specifications – to ensure that content is up-to-date and

relevant.

OCR has produced an overview document, which summarises the changes to Physics B. This can
be found at www.ocr.org.uk, along with the new specification.

In order to help you plan effectively for the implementation of the new specification we have
produced this Support Material booklet. This booklet is tied to the Physics B specification and
contains a Scheme of Work with incorporated lesson plans. Although this booklet differs in
appearance to that provided for other subjects, the overall content is the same. These Support
Materials are designed for guidance only and play a secondary role to the Specification.

Our Ethos

All our Support Materials were produced ‘by teachers for teachers’ in order to capture real life
current teaching practices and they are based around OCR’s revised specifications. The aim is for
the support materials to inspire teachers and facilitate different ideas and teaching practices.

Each Scheme of Work is provided in:

 PDF format – for immediate use

 Word format – so that you can use it as a foundation to build upon and amend the content to
suit your teaching style and students’ needs.

GCE Physics B 3 of 38
The Scheme of Work provides examples of how to teach this unit and the teaching hours are
suggestions only. Some or all of it may be applicable to your teaching.

The Specification is the document on which assessment is based and specifies what content and
skills need to be covered in delivering the course. At all times, therefore, this Support Material
booklet should be read in conjunction with the Specification. If clarification on a particular point is
sought then that clarification should be found in the Specification itself.

A Guided Tour through the Scheme of Work

= Innovative Teaching Idea

This icon is used to highlight exceptionally innovative ideas.

= Stretch & Challenge Activity

This icon is added at the end of text when there is an explicit opportunity to offer
Stretch and Challenge.

= ICT Opportunity
This icon is used to illustrate when an activity could be taught using ICT
facilities.

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GCE PHYSICS B (ADVANCING PHYSICS): H159. G491 PHYSICS
IN ACTION
SUGGESTED
TEACHING 10 HOURS TOPIC 1 IMAGING
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
ACTIVITIES
Teaching Time: 3 hours  Images can be formed with many kinds of signals, including  All resources here refer to the AS  This section gives students a
1.1 Seeing the Invisible ultrasound and all regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Student CD-ROM published by real chance to investigate
These images can be recorded electronically by microsensors; Institute of Physics Publishing. The what interests them. There is
an example is the charge-coupled device (ccd). Images are suggested teaching and homework a huge choice of images
The variety of kinds of composed of discrete picture elements – pixels. Images on the activities also refer to this CD-ROM, available from
imaging in physics. Examples: atomic scale can be recorded by scanning methods; an and also the A2 Student Book from books/magazines/internet
ultrasound scanning; example is the scanning tunnelling microscope. The resolution the same publishers.  Be careful to always bring
astronomical images at of an image is the smallest distance over which a change can Images from which to select students back to the ideas of:
be seen
different wavelengths; satellite  File 10I Image 'The variety of uses of  How is the image
images; images of atoms;  Activity 10S Software based 'Looking at images' scientific images' produced?
images of theoretical models.  Activity 20D Demonstration 'Electronic image capture'  File 20I Image 'Astronomical images:  It is made of pixels
Revision of wavelength,  Activity 30D Demonstration 'Distance measurement with Problems of noise and resolution'  What is its resolution?
frequency and wave speed, ultrasound'  File 30I Image 'X-ray images in  (Trying to avoid two
and electromagnetic Questions medical physics' different meanings of
spectrum. Idea of pixel;  Question 10S Short answer 'Speed, wavelength and frequency'  File 40I Image 'Ultrasound images in ‘made’ in adjacent points)
numerical storage of medical physics'
 Question 20E Estimate 'Large and small distances and times'
information and resolution.  File 50I Image 'Magnetic resonance
 Question 30E Estimate ‘Making estimates about images’
imaging
 Question 30X Explanation-Exposition 'Different kinds and uses
of images'  File 60I Image 'Gamma rays

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GCE PHYSICS B (ADVANCING PHYSICS): H159. G491 PHYSICS
IN ACTION
SUGGESTED
TEACHING 10 HOURS TOPIC 1 IMAGING
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
ACTIVITIES
 Question 160S Short Answer ‘Ultrasound tape measure detecting abnormalities'
problems’
 Question 170S Short Answer ‘Ultrasound tape measure  File 70I Image 'Satellite images of
calibration’ towns in Europe'
 Further Resources:  It may also be useful to use images
Activity 40D Demonstration 'How fast sound moves in a solid' of microstructure of materials from
PA2
Teaching Time: 3 hours  Images are composed of discrete pixels, each specified in Activities  Image processing alters the
brightness (and perhaps colour) by numbers. Image  Activity 90S Software based original data in the image.
enhancement, for instance removing noise, enhancing contrast,
1.2 Information in images (3h) 'Spreadsheet models: Image  Here and subsequently, OHT
locating edges, using false colour, can help to extract the processing' images are likely to be most
Introduction to logarithms via maximum information from an image. Averaging can smooth or (this can be used as an extension) conveniently displayed with a
the bit or byte as unit of remove noise from images. Medians of sets of pixels can often
Display Materials digital projector rather than
amount of information nearly completely eliminate random noise. Logarithmic printing them on films
I
(N = 2 ). measures can help deal with very large or small quantities.  Display Material 50O OHT 'Bits and
‘Times’ scales are logarithmic representations bytes'
Logarithmic ('times') ladders
of quantities over a wide Activities  Display Material 60O OHT ''Plus' and
range of values.  Activity 50S Software based 'Image processing: The surface of 'times' scales of information'
Processing images: averages Mercury'  Display Material 70O OHT
or medians to smooth or  Plus at least one of: 'Comparing logarithms of base 2 and
10'

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idea
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GCE PHYSICS B (ADVANCING PHYSICS): H159. G491 PHYSICS
IN ACTION
SUGGESTED
TEACHING 10 HOURS TOPIC 1 IMAGING
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
ACTIVITIES
reduce noise; ways of  Activity 60S Software based 'Image enhancing: Volcanoes on  Display Material 80O OHT
sharpening or finding edges. Io' 'Logarithmic ('times') ladder of
distance'
Noise as an example of  Activity 70S Software based 'Medical uses of x-ray images'
uncertainty in information.  Activity 80S Software based 'Medical uses of ultrasound  Display Material 90O OHT
images' 'Logarithmic ('times') ladder of time'

 Activity 120S Software Based 'How big are your computer  Display Material 100O OHT
files?' 'Logarithmic ('times') ladder of mass'

Questions  Display Material 110O OHT

'Logarithmic ('times') ladder of speed'
 Question 40S Short Answer 'Smoothing pixels using mean or
median'
 Question 60S Short Answer 'A scanning electron microscope
image of Velcro'
 Question 70S Short Answer 'Image processing by brightness
and contrast control'
 Question 110S Short Answer 'Bits and bytes in images'
 Question 120S Short Answer 'Logarithms and powers'
 Question 130C Comprehension 'X-ray image of the Kepler
supernova remnant'

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idea
GCE Physics B 7 of 38
GCE PHYSICS B (ADVANCING PHYSICS): H159. G491 PHYSICS
IN ACTION
SUGGESTED
TEACHING 10 HOURS TOPIC 1 IMAGING
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
ACTIVITIES
Teaching Time: 4 hours  This section discusses the structure and action of the eye,  Display Materials
including the fact that the retina does some signal processing. It  Display Material 120O OHT 'The
continues with the formation of a real image by a converging
1.3 With your own eyes Hermann grid'
lens, including the relation 1 / v = 1 / u + 1 / f and calculations
Eye and vision. Visual of the magnification. It also gives the opportunity to show how  Display Material 130O OHT 'Grey
processing and some the measurement of lens power and magnification as an scales'
illusions. Formation of real example of careful measurement, taking account of  Display Material 140O OHT 'Ouchi
image by converging lens. uncertainties illusion'
Focal length and power. Activities  Display Material 150S Computer
Power 1/f as curvature added  Activity 130D Demonstration 'Grey step: Edge enhancement in screen 'A pointillist painting'
to wavefront by lens. the retina'  Display Material 160O OHT 'Rays
1 / v = 1 / u + 1 / f (Cartesian  Activity 140E Experiment 'The intelligent eye' and waves spreading'
convention)  Activity 150D Demonstration 'Models of the eye'  Display Material 170O OHT 'Rays
Measurement and uncertainty and waves focused'
 Activity 60D Demonstration 'Image in mid-air'
in simple optical experiments.  Display Material 180O OHT
 Activity 170E Experiment 'Converging lenses: power and focal 'Formation of an image'
length'
 Display Material 190O OHT 'Action of
 Activity 180D Demonstration 'Where are the parts of an object a lens on a wavefront'
in its image?'
 Display Material 200O OHT 'Where
 Activity 190D Demonstration ‘Disappearing glass’

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GCE PHYSICS B (ADVANCING PHYSICS): H159. G491 PHYSICS
IN ACTION
SUGGESTED
TEACHING 10 HOURS TOPIC 1 IMAGING
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
ACTIVITIES
 (This activity gives the opportunity to introduce uncertainties of object and image are to be found'
measurement. If this is not done here in chapter 1 it will need to  Display Material 220O OHT 'Thin
be stressed more in chapter 2.) lens: proof of 1 / v = 1 / u + 1 / f'
 Activity 190E Experiment 'A converging lens adds constant  Display Material 210O OHT 'The lens
curvature 1 / f ' (without uncertainties) maker's equation'
 Activity 195E Experiment ‘A converging lens adds constant  These questions can be used to
curvature 1/f, with estimates of uncertainty’ (With uncertainties) reinforce the ideas of uncertainties.
 Activity 200E Experiment ‘Magnification and the power of a  Question 50D Data Handling
lens’ ‘Representing experimental
Questions uncertainties graphically 1
 Question 140S Short Answer 'Response of the human eye to  Question 60D Data Handling
differences in brightness' ‘Representing experimental
 Question 150S Short Answer 'Cameras and eyes' uncertainties graphically 2

 Question 160C Comprehension 'Satellite imaging'  Activity 210E Experiment ‘Webcam

magnification and resolution’ This is
an optional extension, including both
uncertainty and resolution

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idea
GCE Physics B 9 of 38
 = Innovative teaching idea = Stretch and challenge opportunity = ICT opportunity
idea
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GCE PHYSICS B (ADVANCING PHYSICS): H159. G491 PHYSICS
IN ACTION
SUGGESTED
TEACHING 10 HOURS TOPIC 2 SENSING
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
ACTIVITIES
Teaching Time: 1 hours Activities Display Material  The level of students
 Activity 20D Demonstration 'Current and charge in  Display Material 10S Computer Screen understanding will depend on what
they have done at GCSE. A
2.1 Making very small things electron beams' 'Images of micromachined structures'
significant part of this section may
 Activity 30D Demonstration 'Spooning charge' be bringing all students up to the
Introduction: what sensors  Activity 40D Demonstration 'Shuttling ball and ions in a same level with the key ideas of
can do. flame' p.d., current and charged particles
Moving charged particles,  Activity 50D Demonstration 'Conduction by 'coloured'
current and potential ions'
difference.  Activity 60E Experiment 'Conduction by students'
Questions
 Choose from the following:
 Question 20S Short Answer 'Revision questions'
 Question 30S Short Answer ‘Kinds of light bulb’
 Question 70C Comprehension 'Electron beams'
 Question 40S Short Answer 'Ions in chemical cells:
Large and small numbers 1'
 Question 50S Short Answer ‘Ions in X-ray machines:

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GCE PHYSICS B (ADVANCING PHYSICS): H159. G491 PHYSICS
IN ACTION
SUGGESTED
TEACHING 10 HOURS TOPIC 2 SENSING
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
ACTIVITIES
Large and small numbers 2’
 Question 60S Short Answer ‘Electrons in copper: Large
and small numbers 3’
Teaching Time: 3 hours Activities Display Materials  It is good to give students a
 Activity 100E Experiment 'Using a wide range of kinds of  Display Material 31O OHT 'Conductors chance to see as many different
types of sensor as possible. This
2.2 Miniature circuits sensor' in parallel and series'
section leads on naturally to 2.3
 Activity 110E Experiment 'Using the digital multimeter to  Display Material 32O OHT 'Series and talking about the Potential Divider
Using a range of sensors; measure resistance' parallel rivers' circuit
detecting signals from them,  Activity 120E Experiment 'Resistors in series and  Display Material 33O OHT ‘Rivers and  Talk carefully about the
sensitivity, resistance of parallel' electric currents’ equivalence of Conductance and
detector  Activity 130D Demonstration 'Lamp lighting'  Display Material 34O OHT 'Potential Resistance, bringing out the
Conductance and difference: examples' reciprocal relationship
 Activity 140E Experiment 'The filament lamp: The
resistance, ohmic and non- relationship between power and applied potential  Display Material 35O OHT 'Calculating  Activity 110E Experiment 'Using
ohmic conductors, parallel difference' conductance and resistance' the digital multimeter to measure
and series circuits resistance' is a good place to ‘plot
Questions ICT Activities
and look’ at data with a large
 Choose from the following:  Activity 160S Software Based sample size to assess random
 Question 90C Comprehension 'Sensors and Formula 1 'Conductance and resistance in a uncertainty
racing' filament lamp'

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GCE PHYSICS B (ADVANCING PHYSICS): H159. G491 PHYSICS
IN ACTION
SUGGESTED
TEACHING 10 HOURS TOPIC 2 SENSING
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
ACTIVITIES
 Question 100S Short Answer 'Some circuit problems'  Activity 170S Software Based
 Question 110S Short Answer 'Power of appliances' 'Conductance and resistance in a neon
lamp'
 Question 120S Short Answer 'Effect of an ammeter in a
circuit'  Activity 180S Software Based
'Conductance and resistance in a silicon
 Question 125S Short Answer ‘Combining conductances’ diode'
 Question 130S Short Answer 'Circuit resistance'  Activity 190S Software Based
 Question 140S Short Answer 'Combining resistors' 'Conductance and resistance in an
ohmic resistor'
 Question 150S Short Answer 'Electrical characteristics
of a resistor'  Extension Work -A few students may
appreciate a chance to try something
harder:
 Reading 40T Text to Read 'Scaling down
arguments about why microchips run
hot'

 Reading 50T Text to Read 'Kirchhoff's

laws: Current and potential difference in

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GCE Physics B 13 of 38
GCE PHYSICS B (ADVANCING PHYSICS): H159. G491 PHYSICS
IN ACTION
SUGGESTED
TEACHING 10 HOURS TOPIC 2 SENSING
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
ACTIVITIES
complex circuits'
Teaching Time: 2 hours Activities Display Materials  In this section is important to
 Activity 200E Experiment 'Potential dividers'  Display Material 145O OHT 'Sources carefully bring out the
characteristics of the potential
2.3 Controlling and Questions and internal resistance'
divider circuit.
measuring potential  Choose from the following:  Reading 70T Text to Read 'When is a
 Crocodile Clips provides an ICT
differences potential divider linear?'
 Question 170S Short Answer 'Tapping off potential possibility, but should be used as
difference' ICT Activities a supplement to the experimental
Potentiometer as a sensor,  Activity 210S Software Based 'Effect of activities which are needed for the
 Question 180S Short Answer 'Loading the potential
linearity Potential divider divider' load on a potential divider' team tasks.
 Good point! It’s easy to over-use
 Question 190D Data Handling 'Lamp and resistor in
Crocodile Clips
series'  Computer based activities using the
 Question 200S Short Answer ‘Controlling a robot arm’ program Crocodile Clips offer a useful
supplement on sensitivity and linearity:
 Activity 220S Software Based 'A simple
temperature probe'
 Activity 230S Software Based 'A better
temperature probe'

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GCE PHYSICS B (ADVANCING PHYSICS): H159. G491 PHYSICS
IN ACTION
SUGGESTED
TEACHING 10 HOURS TOPIC 2 SENSING
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
ACTIVITIES
Teaching Time: 2 hours Activities  It is important to clear up any
 Activity 240E Experiment 'Internal resistance of a source possible confusion between
Voltage, Potential Difference and
2.4 Sensors and our senses of emf'
emf
Sensors that change  Activity 150D Demonstration ‘Response time of
 Internal resistance is a tricky
resistance. thermistors’
concept for students to visualise
Questions
 The design of the Potential Divider
Design of potential divider  Choose from the following: circuit links into section 2.5. Bring
circuits. Emf and internal  Question 210S Short Answer 'Using a measurement out response time, resolution and
resistance, potential divider amplifier as a comparator' sensitivity
with one resistor varying  Question 220S Short Answer 'Internal resistance of
power supplies'
 Question 230X Explanation-Exposition 'Heating coils'
 Question 240X Explanation-Exposition 'Brightness of
bulbs'
 Question 250S Short Answer 'Resistance and
conductance of thermistors'
 Question 260S Short Answer ‘Response time of
thermistors’

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GCE PHYSICS B (ADVANCING PHYSICS): H159. G491 PHYSICS
IN ACTION
SUGGESTED
TEACHING 10 HOURS TOPIC 2 SENSING
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
ACTIVITIES
 Question 270S Short Answer ‘Response time of light
sensors’
Teaching Time: 2 hours Activities For the tasks, select from:
 Activity 180D Demonstration ‘Limitations of sensors’  Activity 260E Experiment 'Monitoring
2.5 Making good  Introduce team tasks with rapid changes in light intensity'
measurements with sensors  Activity 400E Experiment ‘Team sensor tasks briefing’  Activity 270E Experiment 'Calibrating a
position sensor'
Questions
Team tasks: using sensors  Activity 280E Experiment 'Measuring
to accomplish a task.  Choose from the following: rainfall'
Resolution, sensitivity,  Question 260X Explanation-Exposition 'Using a sensor  Activity 290E Experiment 'Comparing a
response time, calibration, in a potential divider' photodiode and a photoresistor'
uncertainty, systematic error  Question 270D Data Handling 'Using non-ohmic  Activity 300E Experiment 'Using
Preparation for later behaviour' temperature sensors'
assessed Quality of  Question 280X Explanation-Exposition 'Filament lamp  Activity 310E Experiment 'Monitoring
Measurement task and thermistor in series' vibration'
 Activity 320E Experiment 'The
oscillations of a hacksaw blade'
 Activity 330E Experiment 'Monitoring air

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TEACHING 10 HOURS TOPIC 2 SENSING
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
ACTIVITIES
flow'
Reading
 Reading 80T Text to Read 'Electronic
noses: Telling fresh food from bad and
detecting disease in cows'
 Case Study ‘Quality of Measurement’
 Case Study ‘Replacing mercury
thermometers in hospitals’

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GCE Physics B 17 of 38
GCE PHYSICS B (ADVANCING PHYSICS): H159. G491 PHYSICS
IN ACTION
SUGGESTED
TEACHING 8 HOURS TOPIC 3 SIGNALLING
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
ACTIVITIES
Teaching Time: 4 hours Activities Display Materials  The work on sampling
 Activity 20D Demonstration 'What do digital signals look  Display Material 10O OHT 'Seeing builds on the work of
chapter 1, applying it to
3.1: Digital revolution and like?' sampling'
signals
the death of distance  Activity 30D Demonstration 'Data transfer on an optical  Display Material 20O OHT 'Signal
fibre' sampling'  It is worth investing time to
ensure that the students
information coded in binary  Activity 40D Demonstration 'Sampling vibrations on a  Display Material 30O OHT 'Problems are confident with Bits,
form; string' with digital sampling' Bytes and binary numbers.
bits as a measure of  Activity 50E Experiment 'Guess a waveform from a  Display Material 40O OHT 'Digitising Although 16-bit, 32-bit and
amount of information; sample' samples' 64-bit architecture is now
sampling of waveforms; commonplace, a byte is
 Activity 70S Software based 'Looking less often'  Display Material 50O OHT 'Effect of
always 8 bits
digitising of samples;  Activity 60D Demonstration ‘Mains interference as noise’ noise on analogue and digital signals'
 The use of the computer
rates of transmission of  Activity 70D Demonstration ‘Electrical noise pick-up’  Display Material 60O OHT 'Sending a
sound processing package
information in bits per fax'
Audacity throughout this
 Activity 80E Experiment 'Looking at signal conversion'
second.  Display Material 70O OHT 'Sending e- chapter is vital
Questions mail'
 Question 10C Comprehension 'Teleworking: Working from Readings
home using telecommunications'
 Reading 10T Text to read 'Semaphore
 Question 20C Comprehension 'History of telegraphy' unites the new republic'

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GCE PHYSICS B (ADVANCING PHYSICS): H159. G491 PHYSICS
IN ACTION
SUGGESTED
TEACHING 8 HOURS TOPIC 3 SIGNALLING
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
ACTIVITIES
 Question 30C Comprehension 'History of telephony'  Reading 30T Text to read 'Digital
 Question 40C Comprehension 'Computing and recording error correction'
communications come together'  Reading 40T Text to read 'Optics of a
 Question 50S Short Answer 'Simple sampling' CD player'

 Question 60S Short Answer 'Sampling repetitive motion'

 Question 70S Short Answer 'Sampling and hearing'
Teaching Time: 4 hours Activities Display Material  The concepts behind
 Activity 110H Home Experiments 'Home experiments with  Display Material 80O OHT 'Signal polarisation are fairly easy
to grasp, but the specific
3.2: Signalling with radio and television signals' bands for communication'
examples of reflected and
electromagnetic waves  Activity 110H Home Experiment 'Home experiments with  Display Material 90O OHT scattered light are more
Radio spectrum, radio and television signals' 'Polarisation' challenging
polarisation, spectrum of a  Activity 120D Demonstration 'Polarisation of waves'  Display Material 100S Computer Screen
signal and bandwidth  Activity 130E Experiment 'Polarisation by scattering' 'Atlas of sound spectra'
 The limitation of rate of
 Activity 140D Demonstration 'Polarisation of reflected light'  Display Material 110O OHT 'Multiple information transfer by
calls on the same line' noise, caused by the
 Activity 150H Home Experiment 'Telling frequencies apart'
 Display Material 120O OHT ‘Signal, limitation to the number of
 Activity 170E Experiment 'Spectrum analysis: Simple noise and bandwidth’ levels into which the
signals' sample can be coded
An optional extension:

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GCE PHYSICS B (ADVANCING PHYSICS): H159. G491 PHYSICS
IN ACTION
SUGGESTED
TEACHING 8 HOURS TOPIC 3 SIGNALLING
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
ACTIVITIES
Questions  Activity 230E Experiment 'Making an (difference between
 Question 80X Explanation-Exposition 'Charting the electronic sounds generator' adjacent levels must
electromagnetic spectrum'  ICT Activities exceed noise) leads to the
relationship for the
 Question 90S Short Answer 'Using the wave equation'  These activities give students an excellent maximum bits per sample
 Question 100S Short Answer 'Hearing better, phoning insight into digital sampling and how
computers are used to manipulate signals.  b = log2(Vtotal/Vnoise) or
sooner' the simpler 2b =
 Question 110C Comprehension 'Maritime communications'  Activity 160S Software Based 'Filtering Vtotal/Vnoise
sounds'
 Question 120S Short Answer 'Longitudinal and transverse
waves'  Activity 180S Software Based
'Spectrum analysis: Going further'
 Question 130S Short Answer 'Polarisation in satellite
communication'  Activity 190S Software Based 'Hearing
impairment: Using a digital filter'
 Question 140S Short Answer 'Polarisation in practice'
 Activity 210S Software Based
 Question 150X Explanation-Exposition 'Waveforms and 'Cleaning up a sound'
frequency spectra'
 Activity 220S Software Based 'Building
 Question 160D Data Handling 'Oscilloscope displays of up a sound'
waveforms'
 Activity 240S Software Based 'Spectra
 Question 80S Short Answer ‘Rate of transmission of of pulses'
information limited by noise’
 Activity 250S Software Based 'Pulse

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GCE PHYSICS B (ADVANCING PHYSICS): H159. G491 PHYSICS
IN ACTION
SUGGESTED
TEACHING 8 HOURS TOPIC 3 SIGNALLING
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
ACTIVITIES
length and bandwidth'
 Activity 260S Software Based 'Bits per
second and bandwidth'
 Activity 270S Software Based ‘Looking
at and listening to noise in signals’
Files
 File 10L Launchable File 'Samples of
music'
 File 20L Launchable File 'Samples of
everyday sounds'
 File 30L Launchable File 'Samples of
speech'
 File 40L Launchable File 'Whistle over
radio'

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idea
GCE Physics B 21 of 38
GCE PHYSICS B (ADVANCING PHYSICS): H159. G491 PHYSICS
IN ACTION
SUGGESTED
TEACHING 12HOURS TOPIC 4 TESTING MATERIALS
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
HOMEWORK ACTIVITIES
Teaching Time: 3 hours Activities Readings  The experiments give a
 Activity 10E Experiment 'Tensile testing: Getting a  Reading 10T Text to read: Steel – the most important clear link to the words
that are being taught.
4.1 Making the best choice feel for materials 1' material?
Students will then gain
 Activity 20E Experiment 'Compressive testing:  Reading 20T Text to read: Materials from nature the confidence to use
Range and variety of Getting a feel for materials 2'  Reading 100T Text to read: 'Introduction to materials these key words as they
materials  Activity 30E Experiment 'Hardness testing: Getting a selection charts' describe the materials
feel for materials 3' under test
 This key reading explains in more detail what materials
 Activity 40E Experiment 'Tear testing: Getting a feel selection charts are, and shows their power as an aid  It can be useful to group
for materials 4' to materials selection in the process of design. From the properties into

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TEACHING 12HOURS TOPIC 4 TESTING MATERIALS
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
HOMEWORK ACTIVITIES
 Activity 50E Experiment 'Measuring density: Getting here students can find related resources, including opposites –
a feel for materials 5' interactive charts supplied on the Advancing Physics tough/brittle, soft/hard,
 Activity 60E Experiment 'Comparing thermal AS CD-ROM strong/weak etc
conductivities: Getting a feel for materials 6' Display Material
 Activity 70E Experiment 'Electrical conduction:  Display Material 15O OHTs: 'Material selection charts'
Getting a feel for materials 7'  The charts are provided both at high resolution for
 Activity 90H Home Experiment 'Anisotropy in an printing out, and at lower resolution for screen display.
apple' Do review the linked teaching notes provided with
 Activity 100H Home Experiment 'Creep in an each
everyday material'
 Activity 110H Home Experiment 'Time effects in an
everyday material'
 Activity 120H Home Experiment 'Time effects in
custard'
 Activity 130H Home Experiment 'Stiff jelly'
Questions
 Question 10S Short Answer 'Exploring the range of
materials'

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GCE Physics B 23 of 38
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TEACHING 12HOURS TOPIC 4 TESTING MATERIALS
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
HOMEWORK ACTIVITIES
 Question 20C Comprehension: The Bronze Age
 Question 30C Comprehension: Portraits in plastic
Teaching Time: 4 hours Activities Readings  This section introduces
 Activity 100E Experiment ‘Plot and look: Measuring  Reading 40S Text to Study 'Hooke's Law and the the quantitative
relationships for the
4.2 Better buildings breaking stress of materials’ Young modulus'
mechanical properties
 Activity 150E Experiment ‘Good measurement of  Reading 50T Text to Read 'Fantastic fibres' of materials. Students
Tensile testing, stress, Young modulus’  Reading 60S Text to Study 'More about log scales' link their experiments
strain, the Young modulus  Activity 140E Experiment 'How strong is a paper Display Materials
with the formulae, but
structure?' also use this as a way
 Display Material 10S Computer Screen 'Ductile and to consider good
Questions brittle fracture' measurement
 Question 10E Estimate ‘Making estimates about  Display Material 20O OHT 'Forces of tension and techniques.
mechanical behaviour of materials’ compression'
 Question 45S Short Answer ‘Calculations on stress,  Display Material 30O OHT 'Tension and compression
strain and the Young modulus’ at home'
 Question 50S Short Answer ‘Measuring the Young  Display Material 40O OHT 'Strengths of some
modulus’ materials'
 Question 50D Data Handling 'Stress, strain and the  Display Material 50O OHT 'The Young modulus'
Young modulus'

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GCE PHYSICS B (ADVANCING PHYSICS): H159. G491 PHYSICS
IN ACTION
SUGGESTED
TEACHING 12HOURS TOPIC 4 TESTING MATERIALS
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
HOMEWORK ACTIVITIES
 Display Material 60O OHT 'Stress-strain graph for
steel'
Teaching Time: 3 hours Activities Display Material  This section introduces
 Activity 310E Experiment 'Measuring resistance of  Display Material 100O OHT 'Range of values of the quantitative
relationships for the
4.3 Conducting very well; good conductors' conductivity'
electrical properties of
conducting very badly  Activity 330E Experiment 'Measuring the resistance  Display Material 110O OHT 'Conductivity and materials in an
of two insulators' resistivity' analogous way to the
Resistance and  Use the above if the class lacks the necessary mechanical properties
conductance; resistivity and experience in 4.2
conductivity  Activity 340E Experiment 'How the dimensions of a
conductor affect resistance'
 Activity 345E Experiment 'Introduction to resistivity
using conducting paper'
 Activity 350E Experiment 'Good measurements of
electrical resistivity'
 This is a second example in this chapter of what is
involved in measurement: how to measure as well as
possible and how to know how well you have done.
Make sure that students identify the largest source of

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idea
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GCE PHYSICS B (ADVANCING PHYSICS): H159. G491 PHYSICS
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TEACHING 12HOURS TOPIC 4 TESTING MATERIALS
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
HOMEWORK ACTIVITIES
uncertainty (measuring the small diameter of the
wires), and consider how to reduce this uncertainty
Questions
 Question 20E Estimates ‘Making estimates about
electrical behaviour of materials’
 Question 70S Short Answer 'Electrical properties'
 Question 80S Short Answer 'Resistivity and
conductivity calculations'
 Question 100S Short Answer ‘Conductance and
conductivity’
 Question 90X Explanation-Exposition 'Review
questions'
Teaching Time: 2 hours  This section focuses on how to make good  Sets of questions about calculating with uncertainties  You may also find it
measurements. It draws on the experiments done in is provided with the chapter “Case studies: Quality of helpful to set a reading
the previous sections and draws out the ideas of how measurement’ from the chapter “Case
4.4 Problems of measuring to do experiments carefully and to improve them.  The set relevant to chapter 4 is: studies: Quality of
mechanical and electrical measurement”, to help
 From section 4.2:
properties  Question 210D Data Handling ‘Calculating with a summary discussion.
 Activity 100E Experiment ‘Plot and look: Measuring uncertainties Ch. 4-5’ For example, the Case

= Innovative teaching idea = Stretch and challenge opportunity = ICT opportunity

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GCE PHYSICS B (ADVANCING PHYSICS): H159. G491 PHYSICS
IN ACTION
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TEACHING 12HOURS TOPIC 4 TESTING MATERIALS
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES POINTS TO NOTE
HOMEWORK ACTIVITIES
Examples of measurement breaking stress of materials’ Study “The ocean from
issues: quantities that vary;  Activity 150E Experiment ‘Good measurement of space” also involves
measuring small
measuring small quantities. Young modulus’'
changes in distance, but
 From section 4.3: in a very different
 Activity 350E Experiment 'Good measurements of context
electrical resistivity'
 You may already have done these experiments, and
here just need to draw the threads together.
Alternatively, you might spend time having groups of
students trying to improve the measurements and
discussing the problems that arise

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GCE Physics B 27 of 38
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10
TEACHING TOPIC 5 LOOKING INSIDE MATERIALS
HOURS
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK POINTS TO
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES
ACTIVITIES NOTE
Teaching Time: 2 hours Activities Display Material
 Activity 10E Experiment 'Looking at bone'  Display Material 30S Computer Screen 'Textile
5.1 Materials under the  Activity 30E Experiment 'Looking at wood and wood images'
microscope products'  Display Material 10S Computer Screen 'Size line for
 Activity 40E Experiment 'Looking at textiles' living things'
Scaling and modelling  Activity 50H Home experiment 'Sweets and biscuits'  Display Material 20S Computer Screen 'Similar images
Looking at images at different scales'
 Activity 20S Software based 'Wood and wood
Electron and atomic products'  Display Material 40S Computer Screen 'Looking inside
microscopy glasses'
 Activity 60H Home Experiment 'Model of a crystal'
 Display Material 50S Computer Screen 'Looking inside
 Activity 70H Home Experiment 'Packing rice grains' wood'
 Activity 100H Home experiment 'Spaghetti model of a  Display Material 60S Computer Screen 'Looking inside
polymer' metals and ceramics'
 Students will probably have previously done an oil-film  Display Material 70S Computer Screen 'Looking inside
experiment to measure the size of a molecule. If not, do it polymers'
now:
 Reading 40T Text to read 'Introduction to proteins.
 Activity 80E Experiment 'Measuring a molecule'
Questions

= Innovative teaching idea = Stretch and challenge opportunity = ICT opportunity

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GCE Physics B 29 of 38
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IN ACTION
SUGGESTED
10
TEACHING TOPIC 5 LOOKING INSIDE MATERIALS
HOURS
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK POINTS TO
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES
ACTIVITIES NOTE
 Question 10C Comprehension 'Visible structures'
 Question 50S Short Answer ‘Ants, atoms and chips’
 Question 30D Data Handling 'The size of an atom'
 Reading
Teaching Time: 2 hours Activity Display Materials
 Activity 130D Demonstration 'Photoelastic stress'  Display Material 80S Computer Screens 'Fracture
5.2 Stiff stuff, strong stuff  Activity 290H Home Experiment 'Ice and paper surfaces'
composite'  The following displays are based on diagrams in the
Introducing fracture  Activity 300H Home Experiment 'A jelly composite' student book
behaviour  Activity 310H Home Experiment 'Making and testing  Display Material 90O OHT 'Cracks and stress'
Importance of crack composite biscuit'  Display Material 100O OHT 'Stopping cracks'
propagation  Activity 140E Experiment 'More than one spring'  Display Material 110O OHT 'Strong and tough'
Composite materials
Questions  Display Material 120O OHT 'Fracture energy and tensile
 Question 40C Comprehension 'Photoelastic stress strength'
images'  Display Material 50C Computer Screen 'Looking inside
 Question 110S Short Answer 'Bone' wood'

 Question 120C Comprehension 'Concrete: A material for File

= Innovative teaching idea = Stretch and challenge opportunity = ICT opportunity

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10
TEACHING TOPIC 5 LOOKING INSIDE MATERIALS
HOURS
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK POINTS TO
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES
ACTIVITIES NOTE
all seasons'  File 40T Spreadsheet Data Table 'Strain energy storage
 Question 130C Comprehension 'Wire rope and capacities'
suspension bridges'
 Question 50C Comprehension 'Tendon elasticity'
Teaching Time: 2 hours Metals Display Materials
Activities  Display Material 160O OHT 'Shaping and slipping'
5.3 Making more of  Activity 60H Home Experiment 'Model of a crystal'  Display Material 170O OHT 'Metals and metal alloys'
materials  Activity 150E Experiment 'Growth of grains'  Display Material 180O OHT 'Ceramics versus metals'
 Activity 160H Home Experiment 'Making ice crystals'  Display Material 190O OHT 'Explaining stiffness and
Slip and dislocations in  Activity 170E Experiment 'Growing grains in a zinc ingot' elasticity'
metals
 This can be time consuming but worthwhile. However a  Display Material 200O OHT 'Plasticity in polythene'
Comparing structures of software alternative is provided:
ceramics, ionic crystals,  Display Material 210O OHT 'Elastic behaviour in rubber'
 Activity 180S Software Based 'Studying grains in zinc'  Display Material 60C Computer Screen 'Looking inside
metals, and polymers
 Activity 190E Experiment 'A bubble-raft model of metals and ceramics'
dislocations'  Display Material 130S Computer Screen 'Images of
 Activity 200E Experiment 'Heat treatment of steel' grains in a zinc ingot'
 Activity 210E Experiment 'Work hardening of copper'  Display Material 140S Computer Screen 'Bubble raft

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10
TEACHING TOPIC 5 LOOKING INSIDE MATERIALS
HOURS
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK POINTS TO
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES
ACTIVITIES NOTE
Questions features'
 Question 70X Explanation-Exposition 'Questions on  Display Material 150S Computer Screen 'Making
metals' models of metals'
 Question 80S Short Answer 'Further questions on  Display Material 70S Computer Screen 'Looking inside
metals' polymers'
Polymers File
Activities  File 30H Web Page 'A polymer simulation'
 Activity 220E Experiment 'Amorphous and crystalline
structures'
 Activity 230E Experiment 'Sketching a semicrystalline
polymer'
 Activity 240E Experiment 'Molecular memory'
 Activity 250E Experiment 'History in a plastic cup'
 Activity 260D Demonstration 'A model for stretching
rubber'
 Activity 270E Experiment 'Effect of the vulcanisation of
rubber on stiffness'
 Activity 280E Experiment 'Design your own rubber'

= Innovative teaching idea = Stretch and challenge opportunity = ICT opportunity

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32 of 38 GCE Physics B
GCE PHYSICS B (ADVANCING PHYSICS): H159. G491 PHYSICS
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SUGGESTED
10
TEACHING TOPIC 5 LOOKING INSIDE MATERIALS
HOURS
TIME
SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK POINTS TO
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED RESOURCES
ACTIVITIES NOTE
 You may think this last item is better as a demonstration.
Questions
 100S Short Answer 'Questions on polymers'
Teaching Time: 2 hours  Further resources Display Materials Note: this includes
only in terms of the
 Activity  Display Material 220O OHT ‘Conduction by metals and number of mobile
5.4 Controlling conductivity  Activity 320E Experiment 'Calibration of a thermistor' semiconductors' charge carriers,
 Display Material 230O OHT 'Free electron model of a not their mobility.
Questions
Explaining the differences metal'
 Question 140D Data Handling 'How resistivity changes
in conductivity between with temperature'  Display Material 250O OHT 'Effect of temperature on
metals, semiconductors conductivity'
 Question 160C Comprehension 'High-temperature
and insulators superconductivity'  Display material 260O OHT ‘Conduction in doped
silicon’
 Question 170X Explanation-Exposition 'Conductivity'
File
 Question 180E Estimates 'Estimating with materials'
 File 50H Web Page 'A semiconductor simulation'

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GCE Physics B 33 of 38
GCE PHYSICS B (ADVANCING PHYSICS): H159. G491 PHYSICS
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10
TEACHING TOPIC 5 LOOKING INSIDE MATERIALS
HOURS
TIME
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK ACTIVITIES POINTS TO NOTE
Teaching Time: 2 hours What we are trying to achieve Depending on time available,
 This should be the highlight of the work on materials. By the time you reach the Materials Presentation ‘Physics in the presentation need not be
done before the January
Coursework task ‘Physics Use’, your students' understanding and vocabulary should have developed significantly from the GCSE
background with which they started the course. They should feel confident to access and make use of information examination for G491,
in Use’ although many centres would
from a variety of sources, and be extending their study in a direction which interests them.
wish to put it in at the same
 We hope they will enjoy careful research and the challenge of considering their fellow-students as the audience for point as the teaching of the
their presentation as they prepare this research. topic. PowerPoint is by far
 The criteria for assessment are given in the Specification. the most popular medium for
presentations, although
What to cover
posters or website are
 You will need to brief students about the nature of their task. They will need to have had some practice in and possible. Ensure that
advice about presenting information. students try to keep their
 The first challenge is an appropriate choice of topic to research. The resources include a number of sample starter presentations less than 10
sheets to stimulate interest. minutes in length. Students
may wish to use them for Key
 The task should be introduced early, to allow time for research to be undertaken.
Skills Communication level 3
Topic choices ‘Make a formal presentation
 As well as the briefing sheets we have provided, students may get their ideas from a wide range of sources: of at least eight minutes
television, radio, websites, magazines, pamphlets, newspapers, videotapes, manufacturers or retailers, a using an image or other
professional scientist or engineer, and their own activities (e.g. sport) support data.’ (C3.1b)

 Before they start their research, ask each student to discuss her / his choice with you, so that you can ensure the

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TIME
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK ACTIVITIES POINTS TO NOTE
student:
 chooses a topic appropriate to her/his abilities and interests.
 is reasonably clear about the limits of the topic.
 has a starting list with at least one good source of information.

The following readings are sample briefing sheets:

Readings
 Reading 20T Text to read 'Materials research and presentation: Briefing for students '
 Reading 30T Text to read 'Biomimetics'
 Reading 50T Text to read 'Hip replacements'
 Reading 60T Text to read 'Contact lenses'
 Reading 70T Text to read 'Metal alloys: Then and now'
 Reading 80T Text to read 'Cakes, confectionery and chocolate'
 Reading 90T Text to read 'Environmentally friendly plastics'
 Reading 100T Text to read 'Disaster! Titanic and Challenger'
 Reading 110T Text to read 'Paper versus plastic'
 Reading 120T Text to read 'Light-bulb filaments'

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GCE Physics B 35 of 38
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10
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HOURS
TIME
TOPIC OUTLINE SUGGESTED TEACHING AND HOMEWORK ACTIVITIES POINTS TO NOTE
 Reading 130T Text to read 'Toughened glass'

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36 of 38 GCE Physics B
Other forms of Support

In order to help you implement the new Physics B specification effectively, OCR offers a
comprehensive package of support. This includes:

OCR Training

Get Ready…introducing the new specifications

A series of FREE half-day training events are being run during Autumn 2007, to give you an
overview of the new specifications.

Get Started…towards successful delivery of the new specifications

These full-day events will run from Spring 2008 and will look at the new specifications in more
depth, with emphasis on first delivery.

Visit www.ocr.org.uk for more details.

Mill Wharf Training

Additional events are also available through our partner, Mill Wharf Training. It offers a range of
courses on innovative teaching practice and whole-school issues - www.mill-wharf-training.co.uk.

e-Communities

Over 70 e-Communities offer you a fast, dynamic communication channel to make contact with
other subject specialists. Our online mailing list covers a wide range of subjects and enables you to
share knowledge and views via email.

Visit https://community.ocr.org.uk, choose your community and join the discussion!

GCE Physics B 37 of 38
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Interchange

OCR Interchange has been developed to help you to carry out day to day administration functions
online, quickly and easily. The site allows you to register and enter candidates online. In addition,
you can gain immediate free access to candidate information at your convenience. Sign up at
https://interchange.ocr.org.uk

GCE Physics B 38 of 38
Physics