CATHOLIC JUNIOR COLLEGE

H2 MATHEMATICS
2018 JC1 PROMOTIONAL EXAMINATION SOLUTION

Q1. Inequalities
Assessment Objectives Solution Feedback
3
 x
x2
3
x 0
x2
3  x2  2x
0
x2
  x  3 x  1
0
x2
+  + 
1 2 3
 1  x  2 or x  3

Page 1 of 27
Q2. System of Linear Equations
Assessment Objectives Solution Feedback
At (10, 28): 28  a (10)2  b(10)  c  100a  10b  c  28

Equation of graph when scaled parallel to the x-axis by factor 2:

2
1  1 
y  a x   b x   c
2  2 
2
 5   5  25 5
At (5,3): 3  a    b    c  a  b  c  3
 2   2  4 2

Equation of graph y  f ( x ) :
2
y  a x b x c
2
At (5,3): 3  a 5  b 5  c  25a  5b  c  3

Using G.C., a  0.4, b  1, c  2

Page 2 of 27
Q3. Transformations
Assessment Objectives Solution Feedback
(i)
x3

y 5

O  4, 0 

(ii)

 1
 4, 
 7
 5
 0, 
 11 

O (3,0) y0

1
x
2

Page 3 of 27
Q4. Sigma Notation
Assessment Objectives Solution Feedback
1 A B C
(i) Let   
r  r  1 r  2  r r  1 r  2

1  A  r  1 r  2   Br  r  2   Cr  r  1

1
Sub r  0 , A 
2

Sub r  1 , B  1

1
Sub r  2 , C 
2

1 1 1 1
  
r  r  1 r  2  2r r  1 2  r  2 

Page 4 of 27
 n
1 n  1 1 1 
(ii)  r  r  1 r  2     2r  r  1  2  r  2 
r 3 r 3  

1 1 1
  
2  3 3  1 2  3  2 
1 1 1
  
2  4 4  1 2  4  2
1 1 1
  
2  5 5  1 2 5  2
...
1 1 1
  
2 n  2 n  3 2 n  4
1 1 1
  
2  n  1 n  2 2  n  3
1 1 1
  
2n n  1 2  n  2

1 1 1 1 1 1
     
2 2 4 2  n  1 2n n  1

1 1 1
  
4 2  n  1 2n
1 1
 
4 2n  n  1

n n n
1 1 1
(iii)  r !   r  r  1 r  2 (3)(2)(1)   r  r  1 r  2
r 3 r 3 r 3

1 1 1 1
   [since n  3    0]
4 2n  n  1 4 2n  n  1

Page 5 of 27
Q5. Vector (Basic)
Assessment Objectives Solution Feedback
(i)  2a  b    2a  b   4  a  a   2  b  a   2  a  b    b  b 
    2    2    
 4 a  4 a  b  b
   
2a  b  4 a  4  a  b   b
2 2 2

     
182  4  52   4  a  b   102 
 
4  a  b   182  4  52   102 
 
a  b  31
 
Alternative Method:
B D

O A C

Let C be a point such that OC  2a and D be a point such that
 
OD  2a  b . Then Triangle OBC is isosceles and M is the mid-point of
 
both OD and BC.
 AOB  9
2
 9 31
Hence cos     cos  AOB   2    1 
 2  10  10  50
 31 
 a  b  a b cos  AOB    5 10     31 (shown)
     50 

Page 6 of 27
(ii) b  
a   is the length of projection of OA onto OB
 b

b 1 1
a    ab  31  3.1
 b b   10
 
 
(iii) If P, Q and R are collinear, then PQ = k PR
 4a + 3b    3a  2b   k  7a +  b    3a  2b  
       
a + 5b  k  4a     2  b 
   
Comparing coefficients,
1
4k  1  k 
4
1
k   2  5    2  5
4
   18
Alternative Method:
Using cross product of parallel vectors to be zero vector and that a and b are
 
not parallel.  
PQ  PR  0

 a + 5b    4a     2  b   0
    
4  a  a   20  b  a      2  a  b   5    2  b  b   0
        
0  20  a  b      2  a  b   0  0
      
   18 a  b   0
  
  18  0 since  a  b   0
  
  18

Page 7 of 27
Q6. Arithmetic & Geometric Progression
Assessment Objectives Solution Feedback
(i) 8  5 x  3 x  3x  3 x
2 4 8

3x  3x  3x  5x  8  0
8 4 2

x  1.0846  1.08 or x  0.81612  0.816

(ii) x  0.816 since x  1

(iii) a 3
S  
1  r 1   0.81612 
 1.65

Page 8 of 27
(iv) Method :
n
 2 8    n  11.08  2018
2
n
n 2
 2 8   n  11.08
54 1977.5
55 2043.8
56 2111.2

Least n  55

Method :
n
 2 8    n  11.08  2018
2
0.54n 2  7.46n  2018  0
 n  54.613 n  68.428  0
n  54.613 or n  68.428 (rej. since n  0 )

Least n  55

Page 9 of 27
Q7. Techniques of Differentiation
Assessment Objectives Solution Feedback
(i) kx  2 xy  3 y  5
2 2

 dy  dy
2kx   2 x  2 y   6 y  0
 dx  dx
dy 2kx  2 y

dx 6 y  2 x
kx  y
  shown 
3y  x
dy
(ii) For tangents parallel to x-axis,  0 ,
dx
kx  y  0
y
y   kx or x
k
Method :
Substitute y   kx into C,
kx 2  2 x  kx   3   kx   5
2

x 2   k  3k 2   5
5
x2 
k  3k 2
Since k is a non-zero constant,
k  3k 2  0
k 1  3k   0
1
 k 0
3

Page 10 of 27
Method :
y
Substitute x   into C,
k
2
 y  y
k     2   y  3y2  5
 k  k
ky  2ky 2  3k 2 y 2  5k 2
2

y 2  k  3k 2   5k 2
5k 2
y2 
k  3k 2
5k

1  3k
Since k is a non-zero constant,
5k
0
1  3k
1
 k 0
3
Method : [Discriminant]
Substitute y  kx into C,
kx 2  2 x  kx   3   kx   5
2

5
x 2   k  3k 2   5  x2 
k  3k 2
 k  3k  x
2 2
50
b  4ac  0
2

0  4  k  3k 2   5   0
k  3k 2  0
k 1  3k   0
1
 k 0
3
1 1
Since k  0, k   ,  k 0
3 3
Page 11 of 27
 Method : [Discriminant]
y
Substitute x   into C,
k
2
 y  y
k     2   y  3y2  5
 k  k
ky 2  2ky 2  3k 2 y 2  5k 2
5k 2
y 2  k  3k 2   5k 2  0  y2 
k  3k 2
b 2  4ac  0
0  4  k  3k 2  5k 2   0
k  3k 2  0
k 1  3k   0
1
 k 0
3
1 1
Since k  0, k   ,   k  0
3 3

(iii) dx
k  13, x = 1 and y = 2, 5
dt
dy 13 1   2 
 =3
dx 3  2   1
dy dy dx
  =15 units per second.
dt dx dt

Page 12 of 27
Q8. Maclaurin’s Series
Assessment Objectives Solution Feedback
Method :
y   7  cos 2 x 
1/3

y 3  7  cos 2 x
dy
3 y2  2sin 2 x  shown 
dx

Method :
y   7  cos 2 x  3
1

dy 1
  7  cos 2 x  3  2sin 2 x 
2

dx 3
2sin 2 x

3  7  cos 2 x  3
2

dy
3y2  2sin 2 x  shown 
dx

2
d2 y  dy 
(i) 3y 2
2
 6 y    4cos 2 x
dx  dx 
When x  0, y  2 ,
dy
 0,
dx
d2 y d2 y 1
3  4  2  0  4  2

dx dx 3

y  2
 1 
3 x 2  ...
2!
1
 2  x 2  ...
6

Page 13 of 27
 1
   2 x 2   3

(ii) 
y  7  1  
  2  
 
 8  2 x2 
1
3

1
 x2  3

 2 1  
 4
1
  1  x2 3
 2 1     ...
 3 4 
1
 2  x 2  ...  verified 
6

Page 14 of 27
Q9. Graphing Techniques
Assessment Objectives Solution Feedback
(i) For C1:
2x2  5x 3
y  x 3
2x 1 2x  1
1
Equation of asymptotes are y  x  3 and x  .
2

For C2:
1 7
Curve C2 is a hyperbola with center  ,  . Consider
2 2
2 2
 1  7
x   y    0
 2  2
2 2
 7  1
y  x 
 2   2
7  1
y    x  
2  2

The equations of the asymptotes are y  x  3 and y   x  4 .

1 7
 ,  is the point of intersection for all three asymptotes.
2 2

Page 15 of 27
(ii)
y  x  4 2x2  5x
y
2x 1
y  x3

x 2  x  y 2  7 y  11  0

1.72,5.95
 0.5,3.5 1.5,3.5
 0.725,1.05
 0.5,3.5

1
x
2

Page 16 of 27
Q10. Applications of Differentiation
Assessment Objectives Solution Feedback
k sin 
(a)(i) I
d2
h
k 
d
 2 
d
kh
 3
d
kh

 
3
h2  R 2
kh

h  R2 
2 3/ 2

3
h  R2   h    h 2  R 2  (2h)
2 3/ 2 1/ 2

dI 2
 
(ii) k
h  R2 
3
dh 2

h  R2 
1/ 2
2
 h 2  R 2  3h 2 
k
h  R2 
2 3

k  R  2h  2 2


h  R  2 2 5/ 2

dI
To achieve maximum I,  0,
dh
R 2  2h 2  0
R2 R 2R
h   (since h  0 )
2 2 2
R
Hence I is maximum when h  .
2
Page 17 of 27
 OP
(b)(i) tan  
OB
 3t 
  tan 1  
 20  2t 

 3t 
(ii)   tan 1  
 20  2t 
d  3t 
 tan 1  
dt  20  2t 


1

 20  2t  3  3t  2 
 20  2t 
2 2
 3t 
1  
 20  2t 
 20  2t 
2
60
 
 20  2t    3t   20  2t 
2 2 2

60

9t   20  2t 
2 2

60

13t  80t  400
2

Page 18 of 27
(iii) Method :
To find the maximum rate of change of  , sketch the graph of
d 120
 .
dt 13t  80t  400
2

From G.C., the time t is 3.08s.

Method :
d 2 120
2 
 26t  80 
13t  80t  400
2
dt 2

d 2
When the rate of change of  is maximum, 0
dt 2
26t  80  0
80
t
26
40
 or 3.08 s
13

Page 19 of 27
Q11. Functions
Assessment Objectives Solution Feedback
(i) Method :
1
y 2
x
↓ Replace x with x + 2
1
y
 x  2
2

↓ Replace y with – y
1
y
 x  2
2

↓ Replace y with y – a
1
y a
 x  2
2

Transformations:
1. Translate 2 units in the negative x-direction.
2. Reflection about the x-axis.
3. Translate a units in the positive y-direction.

Page 20 of 27
 Method :
1
y 2
x
↓ Replace x with x + 2
1
y
 x  2
2

↓ Replace y with y + b
1
y a
 x  2
2

↓ Replace y with – y
1
y a
 x  2
2

Transformations:
1. Translate 2 units in the negative x-direction.
2. Translate a units in the negative y-direction
3. Reflection about the x-axis.

(ii) For fg  x  to exist, R g  Df

D f  (,3]
R g  (, a )
 largest integer a  3.
(iii)  1 1
fg  2   f   2  
  4  16 
 
 f 0
   0  4 0  3
2

3

Page 21 of 27
(iv) f  x    x2  4 x  3    x  2  7
2

f  x  has a maximum point at (2, 7).

Largest value of k is 2.

Let y    x  2   7
2

 x  2
2
7 y
x  2 7 y

Since x  2, x  2  7  y .
f 1  x   2  7  x
D f 1  R f  (,7]

Page 22 of 27
(v)

y  f ( x)

yx

y  f 1 ( x)

Since graph of y  f  x  and y  f 1  x  intersect on the line y = x,

f  x   f 1  x   x
 x2  4x  3  x
x 2  3x  3  0
  3    3  4(1)(3) 3  21
2

x 
2 1 2
3  21
Since x  2, x 
2

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Q12. Vectors (Lines and Planes)
Assessment Objectives Solution Feedback
(i)  t 

Position vector of asteroid:  ;
t 
 600  2t 
 
0
 
Equation of plane: r   0   0
  
1
 t  0
   
  t   0  0
 600  2t   1 
   
6 0 0  2t  0
t  30 0 s
The asteroid will hit the surface in 300 seconds.

(ii)  0   1   120   p 
       
 0   t  1    20   t  q 
 600   2   0   8 
       
t  120  pt
t  20  qt
600  2t  8t
 t  60
p3
4
q
3
Hence the position vector of point of impact is
 0   1   60 
     
 0   60  1  =  60 
 600   2   480 
     

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(iii)
1  3 
  4 
 1  3 
 2   
   8 
Required angle  cos 1
6 673
9

35
 cos 1 3
6 673
9
 56.6 or 0.987 rad

Page 25 of 27
(iv)
Method :
0
 
Let a position vector lying on the mid-point plane be  35  .
0
 

Let the position vector of its reflection about the plane be OW .

 60 
  
 0  
60   OW

   480 
35
  
From ratio theorem,  0  2

 60 
  
OW   10 
 480 
 
 2   60   2 
     
Therefore, r   1    10    1   370
 1   480   1 
     
2
 
r   1   370
 1
 
2 x  y  z  370
The Cartesian equation is 2 x  y  z  370 .

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Method :

Let the position vectors of the mid-points be OM .
 x
 
Let the position vectors of the final points be  y  .
z
 

 60   x 
   
 60    y   x  60 
  480   z  1  
From ratio theorem, OM    y  60 
2 2 
 z  480 
 x  60   2 
1   
Therefore, y  60    1   35
2    
 z  480   1 
1
 2 x  120  y  60  z  480   35
2
2 x  y  z  370
The Cartesian equation is 2 x  y  z  370 .

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