-- between operator in SQL

Retrive the customers having points between 1000 and 3000

SELECT *

FROM customers

WHERE points BETWEEN 1000 AND 3000

Retrive the customer born between 1/1/1990 and 1/1/2000

SELECT *

FROM customers

WHERE birth_date BETWEEN '1990-01-01' AND '2000-01-01'

-- The LIKE Operator: retrives the string matches specific pattern

-- find the customers whose last name starts with b

SELECT *

FROM customers

WHERE last_name LIKE 'b%'

-- find the customers whose last name contains b at any place

SELECT *

FROM customers

WHERE last_name LIKE '%se%'

-- find the customers whose last name ends with 'ey'

SELECT *

FROM customers
WHERE last_name LIKE '%ey'

-- find the customers whose last name exactly contains two characters and last
character ends with 'y'

SELECT *

FROM customers

WHERE last_name LIKE '_y'

-- find the customers whose last name exactly contains 6 characters and last
character ends with 'y'

SELECT *

FROM customers

WHERE last_name LIKE '_____y'

-- find the customers whose last name exactly contains 6 characters, first
character starts with b and last character is 'y'

SELECT *

FROM customers

WHERE last_name LIKE 'b____y'

-- get the customers whose addresses contains TRIAL or AVENUE

SELECT *

FROM customers

WHERE address LIKE '%TRAIL%'

-- get the customers whose phone # ends with 9

SELECT *

FROM customers
WHERE phone LIKE '%9'

-- We can also use NOT LIKE to get the results other than string pattern

-- REGEXP OPERATOR IN SQL

-- get the customers whose last name contains the field

SELECT *

FROM customers

WHERE last_name REGEXP 'field'

-- get the customers whose last name contains the field and mac

SELECT *
FROM customers
WHERE last_name REGEXP 'field|mac'

-- get the customer whose last name contains the field in the start

SELECT *

FROM customers

WHERE last_name REGEXP '^field'

-- get the customer whose last name contains the field in the end

SELECT *

FROM customers

WHERE last_name REGEXP 'field$'

-- get the customer whose last name contains the ie, ge, me any where
SELECT *

FROM customers
WHERE last_name REGEXP '[gim]e'

-- get the customer whose last name contains the ie, ge, me or mg, ag any where

SELECT *

FROM customers

WHERE last_name REGEXP '[gim]e'

OR last_name REGEXP '[ma]g'

-- We can also have a range of character

-- get the customeres whose last name contains the ae, be, ce, de, ee anywhere

SELECT *

FROM customers

WHERE last_name REGEXP '[a-e]e'

-- get the customeres whose first name contains the le, lk

SELECT *

FROM customers

WHERE first_name REGEXP 'l[ek]'

-- get the customeres whose first name are ELKA or AMBUR

SELECT *

FROM customers

WHERE first_name REGEXP 'ELKA|AMBUR'

SELECT *

FROM customers

WHERE last_name REGEXP 'EY$|ON$'

-- get the customeres whose last name starts with MY or contains SE

SELECT *

FROM customers

WHERE last_name REGEXP '^MY|SE'

-- get the customeres whose last name contains B followed by R or U

SELECT *

FROM customers

WHERE last_name REGEXP 'B[R|U]'

-- or WHERE last_name REGEXP 'B[RU]'

-- or WHERE last_name REGEXP 'BR|BU'

--- IS NULL Operator

-- get the customer whose phone # is null

SELECT *

FROM customers

WHERE phone IS NULL

-- get the customer whose phone # is not null

FROM customers

WHERE phone IS NOT NULL

-- Get the orders that are not shipped

SELECT *

FROM orders

WHERE shipped_date IS NULL

-- The ORDER BY

-- Sorting the data in different orders

-- get the costumers with their first names sorted in ascending order.

SELECT *

FROM customers

ORDER BY first_name

-- get the costumers with their first names sorted in descending order.

SELECT *

FROM customers

ORDER BY first_name DESC

-- get the costumers with their first names sorted in descending order.

SELECT *

FROM customers

ORDER BY state, first_name

-- We can also add a pseudo column giving an alias to it such as points etc and
order by point.
SELECT first_name, last_name, 10 AS points

FROM customers

ORDER BY points, first_name

-- get the data of orders whose order it is 2 and show the data in order of
decreasing total price

SELECT *, quantity*unit_price AS total_price

FROM order_items

WHERE order_id = 2

ORDER BY total_price DESC

-- The LIMIT CLAUSE

-- it is used to limit the data shown to you, if you have 10 rows and u want to see
only 3 rows

SELECT *

FROM customers
LIMIT 3

-- Suppose we have data 9 rows customers and we have divided it into pages

-- page 1: 1 - 3

-- page 2: 4 - 6

-- page 3: 7 - 9

-- we only want to get the data of customers of page 3 we can do following:

SELECT *

FROM customers

LIMIT 6, 3

-- So the above written line will start to print the data after six and will print
the 3 entries.

-- GET top three loyal customers.

-- Ans: loyal means customer having greater points value.

SELECT *

FROM customers

ORDER BY points DESC

lIMIT 3

USE sql_store
-- Inner JOINS: get the order id with customer id and customer's full name

SELECT order_id, customers.customer_id, first_name, last_name

FROM orders

JOIN customers

ON orders.customer_id = custmomers.customer_id

SELECT oi.product_id, p.name, quantity, oi.unit_price

FROM order_items oi

JOIN products p
ON oi.product_id = p.product_id

SELECT order_id, o.customer_id, first_name, last_name

SE sql_store;
-- Joining accross DATABASES

-- Suppose we do not have products tables in the sql_store, but we have products
table in the sql_inventory

-- and we want to retrive data from order_items along with sql_inventory database
products table and

-- this is joining accross databases so for that we do following...

SELECT *

FROM order_items oi

JOIN sql_inventory.products p

ON oi.product_id = p.product_id

USE sql_inventory;

-- Suppose we use sql_inventory instead of sql_store that we have use above, we

SELECT oi.order_id , p.name, p.unit_price

FROM sql_store.order_items oi

JOIN products p

ON oi.product_id = p.product_id

So, we will only prefix the tables that are not in the currently used database, if
we see the above example, we have used sql_inventory database and we have prefixed
only the joined data base that is sql_store.

-- SELF JOINS

-- We can also join tables with them selves.

USE sql_hr;

SELECT *

FROM employees e

JOIN employees m

ON e.reports_to = m.employee_id

for the specific columns like employee_id, firstname of employee, and manager

USE sql_hr;
SELECT
e.employee_id,
e.first_name,
m.first_name AS manager
FROM employees e

JOIN employees m

ON e.reports_to = m.employee_id

USE sql_store;

-- JOINING MULTIPLE TABLES

-- Here we are joining three tables, orders, customers, order_statuses we want

-- first_name, last_name, and name from the statuses table aliased as status.

SELECT o.order_id, o.order_date, c.first_name, c.last_name, os.name AS status

JOIN customers c

ON o.order_id = c.customer_id

JOIN order_statuses os

ON o.status = os.order_status_id

this query will provide the desired results.

USE sql_invoicing;

SELECT
p.date, p.invoice_id, p.amount,
c.name,
pm.name
FROM payments p
JOIN clients c
ON p.client_id = c.client_id
JOIN payment_methods pm
ON p.payment_method = pm.payment_method_id